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    Epidemiological Transition in Healthcare (501) - Cancer

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    Ratul
    This document summarizes a study analyzing changes in cancer incidence and mortality rates from 1990 to 2016 across different levels of sociodemographic development. The study found that total cancer incidence generally increased with development, while mortality decreased in most regions. Lung cancer incidence and mortality increased with development initially but then stabilized or decreased. Incidence of colorectal cancer increased with development worldwide, while mortality patterns varied by region. Breast cancer incidence increased globally but mortality decreased in most regions. Cancers with infectious causes like cervical and stomach cancer saw declines in incidence and mortality associated with greater development. However, liver cancer patterns did not show a clear relationship with development level. The findings only partially support the epidemiological transition theory and suggest a "fourth

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    Epidemiological Transition in Healthcare (501) - Cancer

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    Ratul
    27 views2 pages
    This document summarizes a study analyzing changes in cancer incidence and mortality rates from 1990 to 2016 across different levels of sociodemographic development. The study found that total cancer incidence generally increased with development, while mortality decreased in most regions. Lung cancer incidence and mortality increased with development initially but then stabilized or decreased. Incidence of colorectal cancer increased with development worldwide, while mortality patterns varied by region. Breast cancer incidence increased globally but mortality decreased in most regions. Cancers with infectious causes like cervical and stomach cancer saw declines in incidence and mortality associated with greater development. However, liver cancer patterns did not show a clear relationship with development level. The findings only partially support the epidemiological transition theory and suggest a "fourth

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    This document summarizes a study analyzing changes in cancer incidence and mortality rates from 1990 to 2016 across different levels of sociodemographic development. The study found that total cancer incidence generally increased with development, while mortality decreased in most regions. Lung cancer incidence and mortality increased with development initially but then stabilized or decreased. Incidence of colorectal cancer increased with development worldwide, while mortality patterns varied by region. Breast cancer incidence increased globally but mortality decreased in most regions. Cancers with infectious causes like cervical and stomach cancer saw declines in incidence and mortality associated with greater development. However, liver cancer patterns did not show a clear relationship with development level. The findings only partially support the epidemiological transition theory and suggest a "fourth

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    27 views2 pages

    Epidemiological Transition in Healthcare (501) - Cancer

    Uploaded by

    Ratul
    This document summarizes a study analyzing changes in cancer incidence and mortality rates from 1990 to 2016 across different levels of sociodemographic development. The study found that total cancer incidence generally increased with development, while mortality decreased in most regions. Lung cancer incidence and mortality increased with development initially but then stabilized or decreased. Incidence of colorectal cancer increased with development worldwide, while mortality patterns varied by region. Breast cancer incidence increased globally but mortality decreased in most regions. Cancers with infectious causes like cervical and stomach cancer saw declines in incidence and mortality associated with greater development. However, liver cancer patterns did not show a clear relationship with development level. The findings only partially support the epidemiological transition theory and suggest a "fourth

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 2

    Epidemiological Transition

    in Healthcare (501) - Cancer

    Name – Course – BBA


    Saykata (Hospital
    Acharjya Management)

    Year – 3rd
    Roll No -
    Year (5th
    34103320010
    Sem)
     Background: The epidemiologic transition describes the transition from high mortality due to infectious diseases to high
    mortality from NCDs as societies move up the socioeconomic ladder. Since some cancers have infectious etiologies, it is unclear
    how socioeconomic development impacts cancer burden. This knowledge, however, is crucial to inform health policies, and
    resource allocations.
     Aim: We analyzed the cancer transition between 1990 and 2016 using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2016 cancer
    estimates.
     Methods: We used the GBD 2016 cancer estimates from 1990 to 2016 as well as the sociodemographic index (SDI). The SDI is a
    composite indicator of development including fertility, education, and income with a higher SDI representing improved
    socioeconomic development. To describe the cancer transition, we analyzed how cancer incidence, and mortality changed
    depending on the SDI with special emphasis on the most common cancers at the global level (lung, colorectal, breast cancer)
    as well as on common cancers with infectious etiologies (stomach, liver, cervical cancer).
     Findings: Within and across world regions, age-standardized total cancer incidence (ASIR) either remained stable or increased
    with SDI except for the regions at the highest level of SDI where ASIR either plateaued or has peaked. For most regions age-
    standardized total cancer mortality (ASMR) decreased with increasing SDI. For lung cancer, ASIR and ASMR increased across
    regions with improvements in development but have remained stable or decreased within regions with increased SDI.
    Colorectal cancer ASIR increased within and across regions with improvements in SDI, whereas ASMR increased with higher SDI
    within the least developed regions but declined with improvements in SDI for more developed regions. Breast cancer ASIR
    increased within and across regions and ASMR decreased within most regions with improvements in SDI. However, breast
    cancer ASMR showed large heterogeneity within regions of the same SDI level. Of the cancers with infectious etiologies,
    stomach, and cervical cancer ASIR and ASMR decreased with higher SDI within and across regions. However, for liver cancer,
    ASIR and ASMR by SDI varied substantially within and across regions without a clear pattern.
     Conclusion: The epidemiologic transition theory explains trends in incidence and mortality for certain cancers (cervical,
    stomach). However, even though for many cancers there is a clear pattern of changes in incidence and mortality with regards
    to development level, this pattern rarely supports the epidemiologic transition theory of decreases in cancers due to infectious
    etiologies and increases in cancers that have mainly been attributed to a “western lifestyle”. What is evident is a “fourth phase”
    of the epidemiologic transition where, for many cancers that are amenable to treatment, cancer mortality decreases with
    improvements in development despite stable or increasing incidence.

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