Group 4 Research
Group 4 Research
Group 4 Research
_______________________________________
A Research Presented to
the Faculty of Assumption Academy of Compostela,
Davao de Oro
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
By:
February 2021
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ABSTRACT
The Covid-19 pandemic brought severe impact to the people around the world,
not only it is affecting people’s health but it is also severely affecting businesses. Small
entrepreneurs faced different circumstances such as closure of business and different
types of operational challenges like decrease of sales and troubles in transportation of
goods. However, small entrepreneurs used strategies in order to help their businesses
survive.
The aim of the study was to determine the Covid-19 impact and survival
strategies of small entrepreneurs. Using purposive sampling, this study involved the
selected small entrepreneurs in Poblacion, Compostela, Davao de Oro.
The results were based on the impact of Covid-19 to small entrepreneurs and
their survival strategies. The arithmetic mean was used to seek the answer for the
Impact of Covid-19 to small entrepreneurs and survival strategies. The impact of Covid-
19 to small entrepreneurs has the highest percent of 83 resulting most of the small
entrepreneurs struggled with other government regulations due to Covid-19. The
survival strategies of small entrepreneurs with the highest percent 92, reveals that some
of the small entrepreneurs used the strategy of planning.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all, we would like to spend our sincere thanks and gratitude, to those who
We praise the Almighty God for guiding us and giving us the knowledge to
Special thanks to our respondents for their willingness and cooperation during
Big thanks to our research adviser, Ma’am Nancy J. Gemarino, MAED, for the
company, guidance and motivation for us to be able to continue and make this research
and Sir Rafael C. Balleser as our statistician, we thank them for the suggestions and
We are extremely grateful to our parents for their love, understanding, prayers,
Joy Varquez, Jances Adriane Feleo, and Angela Patiluna for the help and clarifications.
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DEDICATION
To our beloved Jesus Christ, for giving us the gift of knowledge, and for always being by
To our loving family who has always been there for us through every step of the way, for
always supporting us in different ways, and for cheering us up o our bad days.
To Assumption Academy of Compostela, Inc. the bedrock of our spiritual and academic
well-being.
To our teachers who taught us lessons and experiences in life and to our research
To our respondents who willingly participated in our study, without them this study
Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION
these circumstances will continue to happen in the future. That is why safety measures
business. Just like how Covid-19 brought serious implications for people’s health, it also
reconfigure for alternative plans for their businesses that will help them stabilize in the
Globally, the United States officially joined the list of nations around the world
early March 2020. Although food production, including aquaculture, has been
considered necessary and farm operations have been allowed to continue, the loss of
major market outlets and disruption of other business sectors has led to a number of
different impacts and challenges for the U.S. aquaculture industry. The closing of food
Regionally, the online companies finds it hard to sell its goods online and also
faces considerable problems when sourcing its products from China. China primarily
deals with machinery, vehicles, software and equipment related to communication. Any
disturbances in these industries will simply impact the business of other countries.
Similarly, the Chinese commodity is also reliable on the Malaysian market and
will have a significant impact on Malaysia's economy. In addition, the import and export
facilities in the country were also obstructed by the lockdown. The automobile, metals
and metals goods, chemicals, communication devices, rubber and plastics, and office
machinery industries are also being disrupted in addition to e-commerce. Many online
organizations are confronted with shortages of goods that are unable to meet consumer
movement has been limited, and work has been suspended. Suspension of schools,
logistics activities have been felt as the impact of the disease. The tough times have left
some to suffer as there is no job, no pay policy enforced by some small businesses and
most of the institutions are closing down due to the threat and safety of the disease
(Pastor, 2020).
observed that the Covid-19 caused a huge impact to the small entrepreneurs of
Poblacion Compostela specifically the small store owners. Most of them faced decrease
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of sales and different operational challenges which lead them no choice but to close
their respective businesses but some of them applied different types of survival
strategies to keep their businesses afloat. The researchers were motivated to conduct
this study to be able to know the impacts and survival strategies of the small
entrepreneurs.
Provided in this section are the discussion on the principles, concepts, ideas and
viewpoints from various authors. The related literature is taken from books, journals and
single-stranded large RNA viruses that infect humans. Tyrell and Bynoe first identified
coronaviruses in 1966, cultivating viruses from patients with common colds. They were
called coronaviruses, based on their morphology as spherical virions with a central shell
and surface projections resembling a solar corona (Latin: corona = crown). There are
four subfamilies: alpha-, beta-, gamma- and delta-coronaviruses. Although alpha- and
originate from pigs and birds, especially from bats (Velavan and Meyer, 2020).
seriously ill, and eventually death. Acute hypoxemic respiratory failure or failure that
7
unknown, although it is assumed that the virus is zoonotic and bats may be the causes
because of the bat-sequence CoV's identity . According to the recent SARS and MERS-
CoV studies, epidemiological studies suggest that their actual cause is a bat, whereas
the palm civet or raccoon dog may be the median (or susceptible) host for SARS-CoV
and the dromedary camel for MERS-CoV. The possibility was excluded as the natural
reservoir (low positive rate) by a field study for the SARS-CoV on palm civet; instead,
the prevalence of bat coronavirus among wild life is high and it shares a certain
sequence identity with the human SARS-CoV.Bats are therefore known to be the
normal SARS-like coronavirus host reservoir. However, while it may come from a kind
of wild life in the wet market, the origin or natural host for the 2019-nCoV is not clear
Pandemic. The Pandemic has a long history, but the concept of “pandemic” has
still not been identified by many medical texts. Many major pandemics have occurred in
human history, and pandemic-related crises have had immense negative effects on
global health, economies, and even national security (Qiu et al., 2017).
The virus has now spread all over the world, and almost each nation is fighting
this virus and doing their best to suppress the pandemic as much as possible and it has
been claimed as pandemic by the World Health Organization, leaving no stone unturned
to mitigate the outbreak and awaiting a vaccine to heal it. Until the first week of March
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2020, many countries such as China, Italy, Spain and Australia were battling the
COVID19 pandemic through taking strict steps such as national lockdown or sectioning
off areas suspected of carrying risk of population spread (Barkur and Vibha, 2020).
emerging and reemerging infectious pathogens and the need for continuous monitoring,
countermeasures in order to understand the basic biology of new species and our
At the end of December 2019, the COVID-19 outbreak was first recorded in
China's Wuhan Area. This spread rapidly in China and then worldwide in 209 nations,
including Pakistan, America, Europe, Australia and Asia. There are over fifty thousand
deaths and one million more people worldwide have been affected, although the
number is increasing rapidly. In order to monitor COVID-19, various steps have been
The global public health and economic crises triggered by the SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19 pandemic has been unparalleled, with government, academic, and private
Covid-19 outbreak is the most recent world misfortunes that have influenced all
social separating are among the preemptive governments' work to defend the public
and movement controls. In Malaysia, the small business area is perhaps the most
straightforwardly affected by the movements control request. In fact, the effect is more
business cancellation or closure and diminished income because of the closure of a few
capital through initiative and risk. Richard Cantillon, an Irish-French economist, was the
first to define the term, which was originally a loanword from French. In English, an
business and take full responsibility for the outcome. In the 19th century, a French
economist named Jean-Baptiste Say is credited with coining the term "entrepreneur."
contractor, and acts as a connection between labor and capital (Entrepreneur, 2017).
conditions, and political circumstances that vary by region. They must formulate
10
strategies that will, in the end, overcome major economic and social problems, thus
enhancing the quality of life in the area in which they are located (Soriano, 2017).
Small businesses are frequently associated with the issue of difficulty in obtaining
capital due to lack of trust from financial institutions. This is due to the fact that small
Micro and small entrepreneurs possess planning skills. Before making any
business decisions, they often assess the internal and external environment, set
objectives and priorities, and consider strategies for achieving those goals (Plantilla,
2020).
Customers would choose to buy products or services from them if they have strong
selling skills. The ability to plan, and also the ability to prepare, is crucial for
entrepreneurs. The determination to start a business is a must for any entrepreneur who
around the world is likely to be severe, because of the coronavirus, the widespread
closure of stores and businesses in the United States and around the world is
and several other businesses have closed. Owing to the inability to pay continuing costs
and endure the shutdown, many of these closures could be permanent (Fairlie, 2020).
coronavirus one of the dangerous known infections has just ended the existences of
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numerous in practically 50% of the country. This implies that the country’s financial
development has dropped down. It has nearly stirred up a wide range of business
including the online business for a monstrous scope. Significant retailers have
incidentally covered their stores. Aside from that, the medium and little measured
retailers are fighting with the circumstance because of low footfalls. Further, online
organizations are additionally not out of the rundown. They are likewise seriously
China for half of its product items. Subsequently, it is expected that this lethal infection
will seriously affect the Malaysian online business particularly the Chinese items
consequences of forced business closures to contain the spread of the virus in the U.S.
and many other countries under 'Stay-at-Home' orders (Walmsley et al., 2020)
bans and controls on movement. In Malaysia, one of the most specifically impacted by
the control order of the revolution is the small business market. Owing to the closure of
Sales of crops, pulses, vegetables, and milk have also been affected by the
closure of hotels, restaurants, sweet shops, and tea shops. Due to the lockdown and
suspension of public transport services in the region, the production units are heavily
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others have ordered shutdowns that inflict incalculable damage to key product
lack of funds, and inability to communicate and commute with customers, the COVID-19
In the initial lockdown period, the main objectives were to prevent excessive
losses of income by workers in the sectors affected and to avoid damage to the
One of the deadly recognized viruses, Coronavirus, has already taken the lives of
many in nearly half the world. This means that the economic development of the country
has been decreased. It has nearly shaken up all sorts of business on a massive scale,
including the e-commerce business. Large retailers have forced to shut down their
stores temporarily. Besides that, because of low footfalls, the medium and small-sized
The COVID-19 pandemic and related measures in public health have driven to
forced businesses to close, infection risks resulted in a rapid adaptation of new sales
and communication technology, and school closures put increased childcare obligations
on many working parents. These forces have placed particular pressure on small
business owners, managers and workers, where core duties are often only shared by a
Operational Challenges. Business leaders have essentially led their teams over
the last few months of complete lockdown in many countries as they operate through
distances, distinct time zones, and organizational boundaries. While large companies
may have the resources to equip their workers to allow them to operate effectively
remotely, small businesses may find this difficult. Working remotely requires equipment
such as computers and internet access to be used, which may not be open to small
Many small and medium-sized businesses also face enormous challenges. For
example, the textile and apparel industry has been hit the hardest by the lockdown.
Beverages, food, tobacco divisions and textile are 54% of Pakistan’s manufacturing
sector exports. The decline in export demand in these sectors will have a negative
warehousing and communication services are due to the closure of businesses and the
sales and fear of going out of business within a quarter unless public assistance is
available and extended over the course of the crisis. There is evidence that, in order to
temporary closures, jobs and salary losses, and bankruptcies have occurred. Income
and profit tax deferrals are the most commonly used policy instruments aimed at
mitigating the consequences of the crisis, loan guarantees and direct lending to SMEs,
business owners must (a) have a strong strategic plan, (b) perform an environmental
scan that includes competitive strategies and plans, and (c) improve stakeholder
knowledgeable about their product or service, they often lack the expertise necessary to
established and updated strategic business strategies had less failures than those who
SME's are unable to acquire new customers due to a lack of access to finance,
which restricts their ability to market their businesses, limiting their growth. SME growth
market opportunities, and how they deal with challenges, as well as a greater propensity
(Makhitha, 2017).
A few ways that the small business owners can collaborate to effectively handle
this pandemic in order to help small businesses navigate the current COVID-19-
impacted environment. First, keeping their fingers virtually on the pulse of the changing
market is critical for small business owners. Second, it is important to retain current
business owners should use their websites and social media channels (for example,
the needs of the workers, similar to engaging with and fulfilling the needs of customers.
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For many businesses right now, the economic reality is layoffs, furloughs, and equally
knowledge of international markets. The key challenges for SMEs are inadequate
knowledge about foreign markets and the inability to contact potential foreign
then be seen as a learning and knowledge process. The knowledge can be gained
directly through experience or indirectly through recruiting, social networks, and external
et al., 2019).
of SMEs for the past years. It showed the adoption of modern method production had
increased their revenue generations. The most important strategy that can be used in
repositioning SMEs and other micro enterprises in Nigeria is for them to identify the type
of products they want to offer to the market. This means a determination of the type of
adaptation for use in diverse fields of production will be possible with further
implementing plans while securing long-term competitive advantages. The top three
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on investment and market value are the top three financial measures (Abdullah et al.,
2019).
Digitalization is something that SMEs should think about. This is the new normal;
digital marketing through social media is similar to marketing goods and services
without a physical boundary. To cut costs, SMEs must analyze their expenditure lines.
This can include lowering rent by downsizing office space, sharing office space,
reducing employees, and investing in solar energy rather than generators. SMEs should
also consider staff working on alternative days, working from home, contract workers,
leave for idle workers, temporary wage cuts, revision of variable pay systems, staff
rotation, salary restructuring, and hazard pay for frontline staff who are unable to work
Maintaining a keen eye on the needs and expectations of their clients is the
biggest determinant of success for entrepreneurs and small business owners. This
lamenting the loss of income, clients, and perhaps even key employees. However, with
the very survival of their small companies at stake, it is important for owners to exercise
passion and perseverance for long-term goals—and they are things for small
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comparison to large corporations, new startups and small businesses exhibit greater
flexibility in their response to the crisis, owing to a lack of bureaucracy and restricted
diversification, discovery of new markets, and increased learning are all common
survival strategies. Some small businesses had a formal crisis plan and strategy in
place prior to the outbreak, and these businesses have a longer history, more crisis
The spread of the pandemic all over the countires has impact the production
network of business organization worldwide. Behavioral and cultural move can help
business by improving the organization's crisis and continuity plan. Online business
channels and consumes rate analysis helps business to work beyond the limitations
A survival strategy should have a short-term and long-term part (in case low
addition, a decision stage for the survival of a small family business that has been
quarantined has been provided. Stage 1. Applying for governmental aid. The first step is
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to learn what kind of assistance the government will offer and to apply for it as soon as
possible. Stage 2. Examination of the possibility of remote work. Since not every
goods to customers even if they previously did not have the option. As a consequence,
their business models must be adjusted to the current situation (for example, a classical
shop keeper model could be transferred into Internet shop model). Stage 3 Examination
reoriented to make surgical gowns and masks. Small Family Business moves on to the
next stage if this fails. Stage 4 Revision of skills of all the family members in order to
find some way of their monetization. Stage 5 Socially responsible fundraising 50/50; for
modern technology was the only way to stay afloat. Many businesses had to rethink and
change their digitalization strategies in order to achieve the real transformations that the
strategy, a business will need to prioritize dealing with the immediate needs of its
(Alao, 2020).
Strategic agility and AI-enabled capabilities have the capability to quickly reverse
the global downward trend in business performance caused by the Corona virus. To
implement some sort of strategic and operational agility into their strategy-making
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customer orientation, faster and more reliable data for decision-making, and better,
Internal control effectiveness, on the other hand, has no relationship on value creation.
can enhance firms' sustainable competitive advantage, superior performance and long-
without a lockdown; the COVID-19 pandemic has prompted gigantic changes in Korean
restaurants operations. The clean security food message outlining as survival strategy
for the small independent restaurants on client repurchase aim and actual sales (Kim et
al., 2021).
Related Studies
This section provided studies form different authors that are related on the area
has severely impacted the global and Pakistani economy, which resulted that the Micro,
Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (MSMEs) are the major victims of the pandemic.
The results showed that most of the participating businesses have been seriously
affected and faced many problems, including financial disruption, supply chain
disruption, demand decline, revenue and profit loss, among others. In addition, over 83
percent of businesses were neither prepared nor had any plans to deal with such a
situation. Moreover, more than two-thirds of the participating businesses suggested that
they might not thrive if the lockdown extended more than two months.
The study of Aladejebi (2020), shows that the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic
measures to curb the spread of the pandemic. The inability to repay loans, rent, and
health and economic demand from COVID-19 are expected to shut down many small
industries, the continued losses in May and June, and partial rebounds from April were
felt. These early-stage loss findings for small business activity have significant
The study of Bartik et al (2020), shoved that COVID-19 has had a major impact
on the economy. These are the results to clarify how small businesses are affected by
COVID-19 and the likely the impact of the recent stimulus bill. Several main themes
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emerge from the results. First, mass layoffs and closures have occurred already. 43
percent of businesses are temporarily closed in our sample, and businesses have
many small businesses are financially fragile. The median business, for instance, has
more than $10,000 in monthly costs and less than one month of cash on hand. Third,
businesses have widely different views about the possible length of disturbances
associated with COVID. Fourth, under the CARES Act, the majority of companies
planned to seek support. However, many anticipated problems with obtaining the
in the volume of new equity transactions in the United Kingdom after the outbreak of the
COVID-19 pandemic. Seed finance tends to be the key form of entrepreneurial finance
that is most seriously affected by the crisis, usually going to the most new
entrepreneurial start-ups facing the greatest barriers in accessing financing. These real-
time data sources can be used by policy makers to help guide their strategic policy
attack has largely affected human lives and economies. The responsible for the
permanently closing down many small businesses are the lockdown and restrictions
that the government has implemented as the steps to stop the spread of the
coronavirus. The world had seen the biggest drop in the number of active businesses.
The supply chain was affected due to this, and as a result, this affected global trade.
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Research indicates that the effect of the pandemic on small companies and workers has
In the results of Liguori (2020), the change brought about by the spread of
(2020) of 10,000 entrepreneurs found that 96 percent have just been affected by the
Covid and 51 percent report their business can’t endure 3 months of a financial closure.
Worsening the issue, 67 percent report trouble getting to crisis financing and 53 percent
recognize that their workers cannot work from home. These measurements are
disturbing and propose the monetary fallout from COVID-19 will deteriorate for small
underdeveloped countries It also tries to come up with a system for surviving in the face
of the pandemic. Systematically, logical writing and specialized papers were examined
as a system for discovering and ordering similar studies for the exploration. Such
research was examined and combined in a way that provided fresh insights into the
items to which message framing was applied significantly improved the sales output of
specific restaurant menu items described in this analysis. Such positive effects
remained stable, which in turn verified that a highly efficient sales promotion strategy for
clean security message framing. Restaurants may use these results to gain sustained
framing aimed at customers who are wary of dining in or ordering from restaurants.
did not grasp the business risk principle and did not have risk management to cope with
the pandemic conditions. These findings illustrate the poor resilience of small business
organizations to cope with pandemic situations. This research has identified some key
factors that should be changed in the future by small business organizations. This study
also offered many suggestions for stakeholders to improve the resilience of small
The study of Fabeil et al., (2020) reveals that the comparatively serious effects of
or political crises. It is noticed that during movement control order (MCO), most micro-
entrepreneurs opt for online business as the key approach to business survival. The
majority of respondents viewed themselves as well-prepared for a crisis, but they were
Alao and Gbolagade (2020), findings have shown that sound management of
safety and ongoing involvement of relevant stakeholders during crisis times are key to
building business resilience in preparation for the new normal and sustainability.
According to Alves et al., (2020), other common survival strategies include the
It is necessary to point out that company survival is vital to millions of workers and their
dependents as the only hope and lifeline, not to mention the national governments that
rely on such companies to raise revenue (such as taxes and licenses) to fund growth
The study of Nurunnabi (2020), reveals that significant efforts and stimulus
package have been made by the government to keep jobs and small and medium
business stable. A majority of the companies were satisfied with the government’s
announced stimulus packages. The author assumes that all developments associated
with the spread of the evolving virus must be monitored and analyzed vy organizations
and contingency plans created an enforced to meet any adverse circumstances arising
The research of Rosiana and Putri (2020), suggest that there are at least two
the ability of a business to identify, and assess, assimilate, and then utilize, any new
knowledge and innovation is a discovery of new ways or new combinations of old ways
or transforming inputs to outputs in such a way that they succeed in creating large or
In the research conducted by Ifekwem and Adedamola (2016), shows that the
significant. The key consequence of the results is that it is important to retain small but
25
economy. Advice that orientation and educational programs are required to change the
attitude of business owners in order to encourage them to graduate from the single
Conceptual Framework
crisis, fast decisions are made to minimize the damage to an organization, its
stakeholders, and the public. BCMP helps an organization to respond rapidly in the
critical situations. One of the possible crises that a business will face is financial crisis.
In the operational challenges the crucial impact on retail and wholesale, transportation,
warehousing and communication services that are due to the closure of businesses and
the disruption of national supply chains could possibly affect the sales or revenue of a
business and can possibly result to financial crisis. Financial crisis is generally defined
as any situation where significant financial assets – such as stocks or real estate –
In the current situation right now most of the businesses faces financial crisis
ever since the Covid-19 pandemic occurred. One of the strategic ways in the BCMP to
consider in minimizing the impact of financial crisis is: 1. Focus on core competencies;
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2. Do not stop marketing; 3. Protect cash flow; 4. Invest in your existing customers; and
5. Delegate and automate. Always remember to never give up, running a small
business during a crisis is maybe challenging. But, a crisis doesn’t have to spell the
end. Small business will need to be agile and flexible to adapt to its new reality. If you
plan, execute well, and keep your focus, you can crisis-proof your business and come
Survival Strategies of
Small Entrepreneurs
Planning
The main purpose of this study is to discover the impacts and survival strategies
2.) What are the survival strategies of small entrepreneurs in times of Covid-19
pandemic?
The main purpose of the study is to discover the impact and the survival
such as the small store owners. The researchers conducted the study in the span of
four weeks.
Small Entrepreneurs. This study will help them ready in their business when
there are unpredictable events such as catastrophes or pandemic that will happen in the
future.
knowledge about the impacts of a pandemic and ways on how they can survive when
Future Entrepreneurs. They can use the results of this study as strategies and
knowledge if ever they will face a similar issue in the business that they will have.
29
Other Researchers. This study is significant for them as they can have a
Government. This study can help the government aid small entrepreneurs since
Definition of Terms
To further understand the research, the following terms are operationally defined:
Impacts of Covid-19. This refers to the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic to the
challenges.
national security.
Survival Strategies. This refers to the methods and technique that small
entrepreneurs will use to ensure the survival of their business such as planning.
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Chapter 2
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
data.
Research Design
reliable manner. It can answer to the questions what, where, when, and how, but not
why questions. A descriptive research design may examine one or more variables using
a variety of research methods. According to Dulok (1993), RN, DNS, several meanings
or aims of descriptive research have been established in the literature: (1) to explain the
a specific person, circumstance, or group; these studies are a way of discovering new
meaning, defining what happens, deciding the frequency in which something occurs,
occur; these studies observe, explain, and record aspects of a circumstance as they
variables; (5) to respond to questions based on current events. The survey is the key
method for collecting the data. The data will be discovered through the willingness of
the respondents to answer the questions and express their views and thoughts.
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Research Locale
Mapaca, Maparat, New Alegria, Ngan, Osmeña, Panansalan, Poblacion, San Jose, San
Miguel, Siocon, Tamia, and Aurora are the Barangays in Compostela. Folklore tells that
the area was a temporary Spanish settlement, a Campo de Castila (literally, "Field of
one of several towns sitting on the vast plains of Davao de Oro. Its development started
before World War II, when the area was still a forest and the only inhabitants were
indigenous Mandayas who chose to settle along the Agusan River. The first record of
2,716. Compostela then was still a municipal district composed of municipalities of the
district. Since its establishment the town slowly rose from a backward infant municipality
Research Respondents
The respondents of this study will be the small entrepreneurs and online sellers
in Poblacion Compostela, Davao De Oro, specifically those who sell foods, clothes, and
other necessities. Stores and online sellers that has facebook page and can be reached
online are included. The researchers only gathered 52 respondents for this study.
Small entrepreneurs and online sellers are the respondents of the study because
they are the ones who are greatly affected by the lockdowns due to the Covid-19
pandemic. Their daily operations are limited because of the new implemented rules that
The target respondents were sent an informed consent prior to the conduct of the
study to solicit their willingness to participate in the study. There were expression of
refusal for whatever reason from their end and it was duly respected by the researchers.
Research Instrument
The researchers used an adapted survey form in order to gather data from the
respondents. The Impact of Covid-19 to small entrepreneurs survey have eighteen (18)
items; and the survival strategies of small entrepreneurs survey have seventeen (17)
items. A table was used to present the instrument that was given to the respondents.
The first survey instrument asked about the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on
small business owners and their activities. If the answer is yes, no, or not really, the
respondents should mark the box with a check (√ ). The respondents were required to
consider their previous experiences and to also be honest when answering the
questions.
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entrepreneurs during this time of pandemic. The respondents were asked if they have
tried the survival strategies presented in the table and they put a check (√ ) on the box
Research Procedure
The following steps were observed before, during, and after the implementation of
the study.
Business Permit and Licensing Office (BPLO). The researchers asked for the total
in the letter. The researchers contacted the target respondents and asked for their
Messenger and politely asked if the respondents were free for the study to be
conducted.
respondents online and found a few of them. After the respondents agree in
participating the researchers sent them the Google forms containing the questions and
patiently waited for them to finish answering the survey. The researchers had a difficult
time using online platforms since some of them did not want to participate, do not know
how to use Google forms, refused to answer due to busy schedule, some of them
agreed but did not answer the survey, did not entertained nor gave the researchers
researchers decided to conduct the study face to face. The researchers asked the
permission of the research adviser if the researchers could roam around Poblacion to
conduct the study. After the approval the researchers went to Pobacion and conducted
the study and followed the government protocols such as wearing mask, face shield,
and observing social distancing. The researchers went to some small stores in the
Poblacion and walked the streets of the Poblacion under the heat of the sun looking for
some respondents. Most of the respondents agreed but some of them disagreed. For
those who agreed, the researchers sent the Google form to the respondents and
provided an extra phone for those respondents who do not have their personal
cellphone. The researchers also dictated the questions for those respondents who can’t
read the questions clearly. To those who disagreed, the researchers politely accepted
their refusal and went on to the next store. The researchers were only able to gather 52
After Implementation. After the conduct of the study, the researchers collected
the responses from the respondents. The gathered data was then submitted to a
numerical point in a set of data. The data points of any sample are distributed on a
Mean
computed by summing all the scores (sigma or Σ) and dividing by the number of scores
(N):
Where X is the mean, ∑x is the addition or summation of all scores, and N is the
number of cases.
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Chapter 3
This chapter presents the analysis and interpretation of the gathered data from
the conducted study. The tables presented below were statistically treated and measure
Table 1
What are the impacts of Covid-19 to the small entrepreneurs?
Table 1 reveals that most of the small entrepreneurs faced the following
Difficulty securing financing for expansion. 11) Difficulty securing financing for business
as usual. 12) Struggling with other government regulations due to Covid-19. 13)Tax and
conditions, and political circumstances that vary by region. They must formulate
strategies that will, in the end, overcome major economic and social problems, thus
enhancing the quality of life in the area in which they are located (Soriano, 2017).
Table 2
What are the survival strategies of small entrepreneurs in times of Covid-19
pandemic?
Planning 92% 8%
Communication among employees/rellers 88% 12%
Monitoring 98% 2%
Table 2 reveals that most of the small entrepreneurs tried the following survival
employees/rellers, 3.) Monitoring 4.) Shorten operation hours 5.) Reduce inventory
8.) Extend credit period with suppliers 9.) Increase advertising and promotion 10.) Offer
discounts 11.) Product diversification 12.) Explore new market 13.) Invest in learning on
crisis management 14.) Invest in health and safety equipment 15.) Redecoration 16.)
To remain sustainable, small business owners must (a) have a strong strategic
plan, (b) perform an environmental scan that includes competitive strategies and plans,
business owners are knowledgeable about their product or service, they often lack the
business owners who established and updated strategic business strategies had less
failures than those who had a poor business plan (Turner & Endres, 2017).
41
Chapter 4
This chapter presents the summary of findings of the study, the conclusions and
the recommendations.
Summary of Findings
The following findings were based on the data gathered and treated statistically:
1. The impact of Covid-19 to small entrepreneurs has the highest percent of 83 resulting
most of the small entrepreneurs struggled with other government regulations due to
Covid-19.
2. The survival strategies of small entrepreneurs with the highest percent 92, reveals
Conclusion
Based on the findings of the study, among all the impacts of Covid-19, majority of
the small entrepreneurs struggled with other government regulations due to Covid-19,
although most of them used the strategy of planning in order to survive and to keep their
business going.
Recommendations
especially when global crisis in order to ensure the security of the business.
2. The small entrepreneurs to take actions after noticing signs of an emerging crisis in
3. The formulation of advanced plans for small entrepreneurs to cope up with the
4. The formulation of effective survival strategies that can help small entrepreneurs
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APPENDICES
51
Appendix A
Request Letter
April 5, 2021
DIOSDADO T. RENEGADO
AdministrativeOfficer V / BPLO
Sir Renegado,
Warm greetings!
In line with the requirements of Practical Research 2, we would like to ask, with your
permission, the list and total number of the Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in
Poblacion Compostela, Davao de Oro.
The above-requested data is very much needed in order for us to be able to conduct our
study.
Your approval to this request will be great help to this undertaking and will be highly
appreciated.
Appendix B
Letter to the Statistician
March 2020
Sir Balleser:
Good Day!
We are conducting our quantitative descriptive type of research entitled “Impact and
Survival Strategies of Small Entrepreneurs in Davao de Oro in Time of Covid-19
Pandemic”. With this, we are respectfully requesting you to be our research statistician.
We will provide you the overall results from our research survey from the selected
respondents.
Sincerely,
Juliana Mae A. Zamoras
Naureen J. Gemarino
Bernadeth G. Janiola
Justine N. Eyana
Archielyn L. Cervantes
Xyrell John C. Maghuyop
54
Appendix C
Research Questionnaire
Decrease of sales.
Monitoring
Offer discounts
Product diversification
Redecoration
Appendix D
Tabulated Data of the Impact and Survival Strategies of Small Entrepreneurs in
Davao de Oro in Time of Covid-19 Pandemic
Responde Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q1 Q1 Q1 Q1 Q1 Q1 Q1 Q1 Q1
nts 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
R1 3 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 2 1 2 2 2
R2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
R3 2 3 2 1 3 3 3 2 3 2 3 3 1 1 2 2 1 2
R4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 1 3 2
R5 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 2 2
R6 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3
R7 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
R8 2 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 1 3 2 1 1 1 1 3 3 2
R9 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
R10 2 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 2
R11 2 3 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 2
R12 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 3 3 1 3 3 2
R13 2 1 1 3 3 3 1 3 3 3 1 1 3 3 1 3 1 1
R14 2 1 1 3 3 2 2 2 1 3 2 3 3 2 1 1 2 2
R15 2 1 2 1 1 1 3 3 1 3 2 3 2 2 1 1 3 2
R16 1 1 1 3 3 3 2 3 1 3 3 1 1 1 1 2 2 2
R17 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
R18 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 3 3 1 1 3 1 3 3 3
R19 2 1 3 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2
R20 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 1
R21 2 1 3 3 3 3 2 1 2 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 3 2
R22 2 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2
R23 2 3 1 1 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2
R24 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
R25 2 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 2
R26 2 3 1 1 3 3 1 3 3 3 2 1 1 3 3 3 3 3
R27 2 3 3 1 1 3 3 3 2 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 3 2
R28 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2
R29 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 3 1
R30 2 3 1 3 1 1 3 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 3 2 2 2
R31 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
R32 1 1 1 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1
R33 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
R34 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
R35 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 1
R36 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 2
R37 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 3 1 1
R38 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
R39 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
R40 1 1 2 3 3 1 3 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
R41 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
58
R42 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2
R43 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 2
R44 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 2
R45 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
R46 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 2
R47 2 3 3 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 2 2 1 1 3 2 2 2
R48 2 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 2
R49 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1
R50 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
R51 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 3 2 2 1 3 1 1 2 2 2
R52 1 3 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 2
59
Appendix E
Tabulated Data of the Impact and Survival Strategies of Small Entrepreneurs in
Davao de Oro in Time of Covid-19 Pandemic
R42 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 1
R43 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 1
R44 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
R45 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2
R46 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 2
R47 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1
R48 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1
R49 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 1
R50 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
R51 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 1 1
R52 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1
61
Appendix F
Photo Documentation