ROOF DECK SLAB DESIGN

TWO-WAY SLAB
PROJECT: PROPESED THREE STOREY TWIN BUILDING
SLAB NAME: S1

MATERIAL PROPERTIES:
Compressive strength, f'c = 28 Mpa
Yield Strength, fy = 275 MPa
Length = 4.65 m
Es = 2000000 MPa
Ec = 24870.062 Mpa
Concrete Unit Weight = 23.544 kN/mᶟ
phi (ɸ) = 0.9
β1 = 0.85

DIMENSIONS:
Short Span (S) = 3 m Sn = 2.5 mm
Long Span (L) = 4.65 m Ln = 4.15 mm
Slab Reinf. Short Ø = 12 mm
Short Bar Area = 113.10 mm²
Slab Reinf. Long Ø = 10 mm
Long Bar Area = 78.54 mm²
Concrete Cover = 20 mm
Beam width, b = 500 mm

DESIGN REQUIREMENTS (Two-Way Slab)

2(L+S)
Minimum Slab Thickness =
180
15300
=
180
= 85.000000 mm

Design Slab Thickness = 125 mm

Main bars 1 effective depth (d) = 99 mm

Main bars 2 effective depth (d) = 88 mm

Sn 2.5
ratio (m) = = = 0.6024
Ln 4.15

Case: 9
DETERMINING ULTIMATE SERVICE LOAD, Wu:

Dead Loads, DL LOAD FACTORS:

Slab Weight = 2.943 kPa DL = 1.2
SDL = 1.97 kPa LL = 1.6
Partition Load = kPa
Total = 4.913 kPa

Live Load, LL = 2.4 kPa

WuDL = 5.8956 kPa

WuLL = 3.84 kPa

Factore Load (Wu) = 9.7356 kPa

ACI Coefficients, m: Interpolation

Ca, neg = 0.083
Ca, neg =
Ca, DL = 0.034
Ca, LL = 0.009
Cb, neg = 0.008
Ca, DL =
Cb, DL = 0.005
Cb, LL = 0.009

Ca, LL =
Edge conditions of the slab:

Cb, neg =

Cb, DL =

Cb, LL =
DESIGN SUMMARY
t = 125 mm S1
CASE: 9 Short Span (a) Long Span (b)
Parameters edge midspan edge midspan
C 0.0830 - 0.0080 -
CDL - 0.0340 - 0.0050
CLL - 0.0090 - 0.0090
MMS (kN/m) 7.2725 2.1151 1.3414 1.3847
d (mm) 99.00 99.00 88.00 88.00
R (N/mm2) 1.6489 0.4796 0.3849 0.3973
ρmax 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315
ρmin 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051
ρ 0.0062 0.0018 0.0014 0.0015
As (mm2) 615.74 504.00 448.00 448.00
Ø bar (mm) 12 Ø 12 Ø 10 Ø 10 Ø
S (mm) 175 200 175 175
Scs = 1.5SMS (mm) 250 300 250 250
Smax = 2t (mm) 250 250 250 250
SCSfinal (mm) 250 250 250 250

COMPUTATION OF MOMENT AT MIDSPAN, M:

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
MS = (Wu) (Ca) (S2) = 7.272493 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MSDL = (WuDL)(Ca,DL)(S2) = 1.804054 kN-m
2
MSLL = (WULL)(Ca, LL)(S ) = 0.31104 kN-m
MS = MSDL +MSLL = 2.115094 kN-m

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML = (Wu) (Cb) (L2) = 1.341371 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MLDL = (WuDL) (Cb, DL) (L2) = 0.637388 kN-m
2
MLLL = (WuLL) (Cb, LL) (L ) = 0.74727 kN-m
ML = MLDL + MLLL = 1.384662 kN-m
COMPUTATION FOR FLEXURAL RESISTANCE FACTOR, R:
A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Ms ( 7.272493)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 1.648923 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (1.6489)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00622

AT MIDSPAN
Ms ( 2.115094)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 0.479564 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.4796)
=
275 (3)
= 0.00176

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML ( 1.341371)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.384921 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.3849)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00141

AT MIDSPAN
ML ( 1.384662)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.397343 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.3973)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00146
SOLVING FOR STEEL RATIO, ρ
MAXIMUM ρ:

ρmax =
0.85(28)(0.85)(3)
=
(275)(7)
ρmax = 0.031527
MINIMUM ρ:
1.4 or f'c
ρmin =
fy 4fy
1.4
= = 0.00509
275
28
= = 0.00481
(4)(275)
֒ ρmin = 0.005091
SOLVE FOR SPACING OF MAIN BARS, S:
Note:
If ρmin < ρ < ρmax use ρ
If ρmax > ρ, increase slab thickness to ensure ductile failure
If ρ < ρmin, use ρ = ρmin

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.006220 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.00622)(1000)(99)
= 615.73725 mm²
Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 615.737246
S = 183.68225
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25

Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm

AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(99)
= 504 mm²
 Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 504.000000
S = 224.40476
≈ 200 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 200 mm

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
 ROOF DECK SLAB DESIGN
TWO-WAY SLAB
PROJECT: PROPESED THREE STOREY TWIN BUILDING
SLAB NAME: S2

MATERIAL PROPERTIES:
Compressive strength, f'c = 28 Mpa
Yield Strength, fy = 275 MPa
Length = 4.65 m
Es = 2000000 MPa
Ec = 24870.062 Mpa
Concrete Unit Weight = 23.544 kN/mᶟ
phi (ɸ) = 0.9
β1 = 0.85

DIMENSIONS:
Short Span (S) = 3 m Sn = 2.5 mm
Long Span (L) = 4.65 m Ln = 4.15 mm
Slab Reinf. Short Ø = 12 mm
Short Bar Area = 113.10 mm²
Slab Reinf. Long Ø = 10 mm
Long Bar Area = 78.54 mm²
Concrete Cover = 20 mm
Beam width, b = 500 mm

DESIGN REQUIREMENTS (Two-Way Slab)

2(L+S)
Minimum Slab Thickness =
180
15300
=
180
= 85.000000 mm

Design Slab Thickness = 125 mm

Main bars 1 effective depth (d) = 99 mm

Main bars 2 effective depth (d) = 88 mm

Sn 2.5
ratio (m) = = = 0.6024
Ln 4.15

Case: 4
DETERMINING ULTIMATE SERVICE LOAD, Wu:

Dead Loads, DL LOAD FACTORS:

Slab Weight = 2.943 kPa DL = 1.2
SDL = 1.97 kPa LL = 1.6
Partition Load = kPa
Total = 4.913 kPa

Live Load, LL = 2.4 kPa

WuDL = 5.8956 kPa

WuLL = 3.84 kPa

Factore Load (Wu) = 9.7356 kPa

ACI Coefficients, m: Interpolation

Ca, neg = 0.085
Ca, neg =
Ca, DL = 0.05
Ca, LL = 0.062
Cb, neg = 0.015
Ca, DL =
Cb, DL = 0.009
Cb, LL = 0.011

Ca, LL =
Edge conditions of the slab:

Cb, neg =

Cb, DL =

Cb, LL =
DESIGN SUMMARY
t = 125 mm S2
CASE: 4 Short Span (a) Long Span (b)
Parameters edge midspan edge midspan
C 0.0850 - 0.0150 -
CDL - 0.0500 - 0.0090
CLL - 0.0620 - 0.0110
MMS (kN/m) 7.4477 4.7957 2.5151 2.0606
d (mm) 99.00 99.00 88.00 88.00
R (N/mm2) 1.6887 1.0874 0.7217 0.5913
ρmax 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315
ρmin 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051
ρ 0.0064 0.0040 0.0027 0.0022
As (mm2) 631.16 504.00 448.00 448.00
Ø bar (mm) 12 Ø 12 Ø 10 Ø 10 Ø
S (mm) 175 200 175 175
Scs = 1.5SMS (mm) 250 300 250 250
Smax = 2t (mm) 250 250 250 250
SCSfinal (mm) 250 250 250 250

COMPUTATION OF MOMENT AT MIDSPAN, M:

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
MS = (Wu) (Ca) (S2) = 7.447734 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MSDL = (WuDL)(Ca,DL)(S2) = 2.65302 kN-m
2
MSLL = (WULL)(Ca, LL)(S ) = 2.14272 kN-m
MS = MSDL +MSLL = 4.79574 kN-m

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML = (Wu) (Cb) (L2) = 2.515071 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MLDL = (WuDL) (Cb, DL) (L2) = 1.147298 kN-m
2
MLLL = (WuLL) (Cb, LL) (L ) = 0.91333 kN-m
ML = MLDL + MLLL = 2.060633 kN-m
COMPUTATION FOR FLEXURAL RESISTANCE FACTOR, R:
A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Ms ( 7.447734)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 1.688656 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (1.6887)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00638

AT MIDSPAN
Ms ( 4.79574)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 1.087358 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (1.0874)
=
275 (3)
= 0.00405

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML ( 2.515071)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.721726 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.7217)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00267

AT MIDSPAN
ML ( 2.060633)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.591320 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.5913)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00218
SOLVING FOR STEEL RATIO, ρ
MAXIMUM ρ:

ρmax =
0.85(28)(0.85)(3)
=
(275)(7)
ρmax = 0.031527
MINIMUM ρ:
1.4 or f'c
ρmin =
fy 4fy
1.4
= = 0.00509
275
28
= = 0.00481
(4)(275)
֒ ρmin = 0.005091
SOLVE FOR SPACING OF MAIN BARS, S:
Note:
If ρmin < ρ < ρmax use ρ
If ρmax > ρ, increase slab thickness to ensure ductile failure
If ρ < ρmin, use ρ = ρmin

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.006375 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.006375)(1000)(99)
= 631.16366 mm²
Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 631.163660
S = 179.19283
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25

Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm

AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(99)
= 504 mm²
 Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 504.000000
S = 224.40476
≈ 200 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 200 mm

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
 ROOF DECK SLAB DESIGN
TWO-WAY SLAB
PROJECT: PROPESED THREE STOREY TWIN BUILDING
SLAB NAME: S3

MATERIAL PROPERTIES:
Compressive strength, f'c = 28 Mpa
Yield Strength, fy = 275 MPa
Length = 5 m
Es = 2000000 MPa
Ec = 24870.062 Mpa
Concrete Unit Weight = 23.544 kN/mᶟ
phi (ɸ) = 0.9
β1 = 0.85

DIMENSIONS:
Short Span (S) = 4.65 m Sn = 4.15 mm
Long Span (L) = 5 m Ln = 4.5 mm
Slab Reinf. Short Ø = 12 mm
Short Bar Area = 113.10 mm²
Slab Reinf. Long Ø = 10 mm
Long Bar Area = 78.54 mm²
Concrete Cover = 20 mm
Beam width, b = 500 mm

DESIGN REQUIREMENTS (Two-Way Slab)

2(L+S)
Minimum Slab Thickness =
180
19300
=
180
= 107.222222 mm

Design Slab Thickness = 125 mm

Main bars 1 effective depth (d) = 99 mm

Main bars 2 effective depth (d) = 88 mm

Sn 4.15
ratio (m) = = = 0.9222
Ln 4.5

Case: 8
DETERMINING ULTIMATE SERVICE LOAD, Wu:

Dead Loads, DL LOAD FACTORS:

Slab Weight = 2.943 kPa DL = 1.2
SDL = 1.97 kPa LL = 1.6
Partition Load = kPa
Total = 4.913 kPa

Live Load, LL = 2.4 kPa

WuDL = 5.8956 kPa

WuLL = 3.84 kPa

Factore Load (Wu) = 9.7356 kPa

ACI Coefficients, m: Interpolation

Ca, neg = 0.0866
Ca, neg =
Ca, DL = 0.0656
Ca, LL = 0.0724
Cb, neg = 0.0124
Ca, DL =
Cb, DL = 0.00316
Cb, LL = 0.0062

Ca, LL =
Edge conditions of the slab:

Cb, neg =

Cb, DL =

Cb, LL =
DESIGN SUMMARY
t = 125 mm S3
CASE: 8 Short Span (a) Long Span (b)
Parameters edge midspan edge midspan
C 0.0866 - 0.0124 -
CDL - 0.0656 - 0.0032
CLL - 0.0724 - 0.0062
MMS (kN/m) 18.2300 14.3739 2.4446 1.0610
d (mm) 99.00 99.00 88.00 88.00
R (N/mm2) 4.1334 3.2591 0.7015 0.3045
ρmax 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315
ρmin 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051
ρ 0.0166 0.0128 0.0026 0.0011
As (mm2) 1646.15 504.00 448.00 448.00
Ø bar (mm) 12 Ø 12 Ø 10 Ø 10 Ø
S (mm) 50 200 175 175
Scs = 1.5SMS (mm) 75 300 250 250
Smax = 2t (mm) 250 250 250 250
SCSfinal (mm) 75 250 250 250

COMPUTATION OF MOMENT AT MIDSPAN, M:

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
MS = (Wu) (Ca) (S2) = 18.22999 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MSDL = (WuDL)(Ca,DL)(S2) = 8.362531 kN-m
2
MSLL = (WULL)(Ca, LL)(S ) = 6.011401 kN-m
MS = MSDL +MSLL = 14.37393 kN-m

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML = (Wu) (Cb) (L2) = 2.444609 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MLDL = (WuDL) (Cb, DL) (L2) = 0.465752 kN-m
2
MLLL = (WuLL) (Cb, LL) (L ) = 0.59520 kN-m
ML = MLDL + MLLL = 1.060952 kN-m
COMPUTATION FOR FLEXURAL RESISTANCE FACTOR, R:
A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Ms ( 18.229994)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 4.133364 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (4.1334)
=
275 (28)
= 0.01663

AT MIDSPAN
Ms ( 14.373932)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 3.259063 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (3.2591)
=
275 (4.65)
= 0.01280

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML ( 2.444609)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.701506 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.7015)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00259

AT MIDSPAN
ML ( 1.060952)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.304451 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.3045)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00111
SOLVING FOR STEEL RATIO, ρ
MAXIMUM ρ:

ρmax =
0.85(28)(0.85)(3)
=
(275)(7)
ρmax = 0.031527
MINIMUM ρ:
1.4 or f'c
ρmin =
fy 4fy
1.4
= = 0.00509
275
28
= = 0.00481
(4)(275)
֒ ρmin = 0.005091
SOLVE FOR SPACING OF MAIN BARS, S:
Note:
If ρmin < ρ < ρmax use ρ
If ρmax > ρ, increase slab thickness to ensure ductile failure
If ρ < ρmin, use ρ = ρmin

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.016628 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.016628)(1000)(99)
= 1646.1456 mm²
Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 1646.145558
S = 68.70595
≈ 50 mm *Round down to the nearest 25

Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 50 mm

AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(99)
= 504 mm²
 Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 504.000000
S = 224.40476
≈ 200 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 200 mm

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
 ROOF DECK SLAB DESIGN
TWO-WAY SLAB
PROJECT: PROPESED THREE STOREY TWIN BUILDING
SLAB NAME: S4

MATERIAL PROPERTIES:
Compressive strength, f'c = 28 Mpa
Yield Strength, fy = 275 MPa
Length = 5 m
Es = 2000000 MPa
Ec = 24870.062 Mpa
Concrete Unit Weight = 23.544 kN/mᶟ
phi (ɸ) = 0.9
β1 = 0.85

DIMENSIONS:
Short Span (S) = 3.6 m Sn = 3.1 mm
Long Span (L) = 5 m Ln = 4.5 mm
Slab Reinf. Short Ø = 12 mm
Short Bar Area = 113.10 mm²
Slab Reinf. Long Ø = 10 mm
Long Bar Area = 78.54 mm²
Concrete Cover = 20 mm
Beam width, b = 500 mm

DESIGN REQUIREMENTS (Two-Way Slab)

2(L+S)
Minimum Slab Thickness =
180
17200
=
180
= 95.555556 mm

Design Slab Thickness = 125 mm

Main bars 1 effective depth (d) = 99 mm

Main bars 2 effective depth (d) = 88 mm

Sn 3.1
ratio (m) = = = 0.6889
Ln 4.5

Case: 9
DETERMINING ULTIMATE SERVICE LOAD, Wu:

Dead Loads, DL LOAD FACTORS:

Slab Weight = 2.943 kPa DL = 1.2
SDL = 1.97 kPa LL = 1.6
Partition Load = kPa
Total = 4.913 kPa

Live Load, LL = 2.4 kPa

WuDL = 5.8956 kPa

WuLL = 3.84 kPa

Factore Load (Wu) = 9.7356 kPa

ACI Coefficients, m: Interpolation

Ca, neg = 0.083
Ca, neg =
Ca, DL = 0.034
Ca, LL = 0.009
Cb, neg = 0.008
Ca, DL =
Cb, DL = 0.005
Cb, LL = 0.009

Ca, LL =
Edge conditions of the slab:

Cb, neg =

Cb, DL =

Cb, LL =
DESIGN SUMMARY
t = 125 mm S4
CASE: 9 Short Span (a) Long Span (b)
Parameters edge midspan edge midspan
C 0.0830 - 0.0080 -
CDL - 0.0340 - 0.0050
CLL - 0.0090 - 0.0090
MMS (kN/m) 10.4724 3.0457 1.5772 1.6010
d (mm) 99.00 99.00 88.00 88.00
R (N/mm2) 2.3744 0.6906 0.4526 0.4594
ρmax 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315
ρmin 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051
ρ 0.0091 0.0025 0.0017 0.0017
As (mm2) 902.31 504.00 448.00 448.00
Ø bar (mm) 12 Ø 12 Ø 10 Ø 10 Ø
S (mm) 125 200 175 175
Scs = 1.5SMS (mm) 175 300 250 250
Smax = 2t (mm) 250 250 250 250
SCSfinal (mm) 175 250 250 250

COMPUTATION OF MOMENT AT MIDSPAN, M:

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
MS = (Wu) (Ca) (S2) = 10.47239 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MSDL = (WuDL)(Ca,DL)(S2) = 2.597837 kN-m
2
MSLL = (WULL)(Ca, LL)(S ) = 0.447898 kN-m
MS = MSDL +MSLL = 3.045735 kN-m

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML = (Wu) (Cb) (L2) = 1.577167 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MLDL = (WuDL) (Cb, DL) (L2) = 0.73695 kN-m
2
MLLL = (WuLL) (Cb, LL) (L ) = 0.86400 kN-m
ML = MLDL + MLLL = 1.60095 kN-m
COMPUTATION FOR FLEXURAL RESISTANCE FACTOR, R:
A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Ms ( 10.47239)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 2.374449 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (2.3744)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00911

AT MIDSPAN
Ms ( 3.045735)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 0.690572 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.6906)
=
275 (3.6)
= 0.00255

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML ( 1.577167)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.452585 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.4526)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00166

AT MIDSPAN
ML ( 1.60095)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.459409 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.4594)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00169
SOLVING FOR STEEL RATIO, ρ
MAXIMUM ρ:

ρmax =
0.85(28)(0.85)(3)
=
(275)(7)
ρmax = 0.031527
MINIMUM ρ:
1.4 or f'c
ρmin =
fy 4fy
1.4
= = 0.00509
275
28
= = 0.00481
(4)(275)
֒ ρmin = 0.005091
SOLVE FOR SPACING OF MAIN BARS, S:
Note:
If ρmin < ρ < ρmax use ρ
If ρmax > ρ, increase slab thickness to ensure ductile failure
If ρ < ρmin, use ρ = ρmin

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.009114 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.009114)(1000)(99)
= 902.31407 mm²
Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 902.314066
S = 125.34438
≈ 125 mm *Round down to the nearest 25

Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 125 mm

AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(99)
= 504 mm²
 Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 504.000000
S = 224.40476
≈ 200 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 200 mm

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
 ROOF DECK SLAB DESIGN
TWO-WAY SLAB
PROJECT: PROPESED THREE STOREY TWIN BUILDING
SLAB NAME: S4

MATERIAL PROPERTIES:
Compressive strength, f'c = 28 Mpa
Yield Strength, fy = 275 MPa
Length = 5 m
Es = 2000000 MPa
Ec = 24870.062 Mpa
Concrete Unit Weight = 23.544 kN/mᶟ
phi (ɸ) = 0.9
β1 = 0.85

DIMENSIONS:
Short Span (S) = 3.6 m Sn = 3.1 mm
Long Span (L) = 5 m Ln = 4.5 mm
Slab Reinf. Short Ø = 12 mm
Short Bar Area = 113.10 mm²
Slab Reinf. Long Ø = 10 mm
Long Bar Area = 78.54 mm²
Concrete Cover = 20 mm
Beam width, b = 500 mm

DESIGN REQUIREMENTS (Two-Way Slab)

2(L+S)
Minimum Slab Thickness =
180
17200
=
180
= 95.555556 mm

Design Slab Thickness = 125 mm

Main bars 1 effective depth (d) = 99 mm

Main bars 2 effective depth (d) = 88 mm

Sn 3.1
ratio (m) = = = 0.6889
Ln 4.5

Case: 2
DETERMINING ULTIMATE SERVICE LOAD, Wu:

Dead Loads, DL LOAD FACTORS:

Slab Weight = 2.943 kPa DL = 1.2
SDL = 1.97 kPa LL = 1.6
Partition Load = kPa
Total = 4.913 kPa

Live Load, LL = 2.4 kPa

WuDL = 5.8956 kPa

WuLL = 3.84 kPa

Factore Load (Wu) = 9.7356 kPa

ACI Coefficients, m: Interpolation

Ca, neg = 0.0844
Ca, neg =
Ca, DL = 0.0354
Ca, LL = 0.0628
Cb, neg = 0.0068
Ca, DL =
Cb, DL = 0.0028
Cb, LL = 0.0056

Ca, LL =
Edge conditions of the slab:

Cb, neg =

Cb, DL =

Cb, LL =
DESIGN SUMMARY
t = 125 mm S4
CASE: 2 Short Span (a) Long Span (b)
Parameters edge midspan edge midspan
C 0.0844 - 0.0068 -
CDL - 0.0354 - 0.0028
CLL - 0.0628 - 0.0056
MMS (kN/m) 10.6490 5.8301 1.3406 0.9503
d (mm) 99.00 99.00 88.00 88.00
R (N/mm2) 2.4145 1.3219 0.3847 0.2727
ρmax 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315
ρmin 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051
ρ 0.0093 0.0049 0.0014 0.0010
As (mm2) 918.45 504.00 448.00 448.00
Ø bar (mm) 12 Ø 12 Ø 10 Ø 10 Ø
S (mm) 100 200 175 175
Scs = 1.5SMS (mm) 150 300 250 250
Smax = 2t (mm) 250 250 250 250
SCSfinal (mm) 150 250 250 250

COMPUTATION OF MOMENT AT MIDSPAN, M:

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
MS = (Wu) (Ca) (S2) = 10.64903 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MSDL = (WuDL)(Ca,DL)(S2) = 2.704807 kN-m
2
MSLL = (WULL)(Ca, LL)(S ) = 3.12533 kN-m
MS = MSDL +MSLL = 5.830137 kN-m

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML = (Wu) (Cb) (L2) = 1.340592 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MLDL = (WuDL) (Cb, DL) (L2) = 0.412692 kN-m
2
MLLL = (WuLL) (Cb, LL) (L ) = 0.53760 kN-m
ML = MLDL + MLLL = 0.950292 kN-m
COMPUTATION FOR FLEXURAL RESISTANCE FACTOR, R:
A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Ms ( 10.649033)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 2.414500 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (2.4145)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00928

AT MIDSPAN
Ms ( 5.830137)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 1.321892 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (1.3219)
=
275 (3.6)
= 0.00495

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML ( 1.340592)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.384697 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.3847)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00141

AT MIDSPAN
ML ( 0.950292)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.272696 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.2727)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00100
SOLVING FOR STEEL RATIO, ρ
MAXIMUM ρ:

ρmax =
0.85(28)(0.85)(3)
=
(275)(7)
ρmax = 0.031527
MINIMUM ρ:
1.4 or f'c
ρmin =
fy 4fy
1.4
= = 0.00509
275
28
= = 0.00481
(4)(275)
֒ ρmin = 0.005091
SOLVE FOR SPACING OF MAIN BARS, S:
Note:
If ρmin < ρ < ρmax use ρ
If ρmax > ρ, increase slab thickness to ensure ductile failure
If ρ < ρmin, use ρ = ρmin

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.009277 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.009277)(1000)(99)
= 918.44654 mm²
Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 918.446542
S = 123.14271
≈ 100 mm *Round down to the nearest 25

Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 100 mm

AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(99)
= 504 mm²
 Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 504.000000
S = 224.40476
≈ 200 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 200 mm

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
 ROOF DECK SLAB DESIGN
TWO-WAY SLAB
PROJECT: PROPESED THREE STOREY TWIN BUILDING
SLAB NAME: S5

MATERIAL PROPERTIES:
Compressive strength, f'c = 28 Mpa
Yield Strength, fy = 275 MPa
Length = 5 m
Es = 2000000 MPa
Ec = 24870.062 Mpa
Concrete Unit Weight = 23.544 kN/mᶟ
phi (ɸ) = 0.9
β1 = 0.85

DIMENSIONS:
Short Span (S) = 3.75 m Sn = 3.25 mm
Long Span (L) = 5 m Ln = 4.5 mm
Slab Reinf. Short Ø = 12 mm
Short Bar Area = 113.10 mm²
Slab Reinf. Long Ø = 10 mm
Long Bar Area = 78.54 mm²
Concrete Cover = 20 mm
Beam width, b = 500 mm

DESIGN REQUIREMENTS (Two-Way Slab)

2(L+S)
Minimum Slab Thickness =
180
17500
=
180
= 97.222222 mm

Design Slab Thickness = 125 mm

Main bars 1 effective depth (d) = 99 mm

Main bars 2 effective depth (d) = 88 mm

Sn 3.25
ratio (m) = = = 0.7222
Ln 4.5

Case: 9
DETERMINING ULTIMATE SERVICE LOAD, Wu:

Dead Loads, DL LOAD FACTORS:

Slab Weight = 2.943 kPa DL = 1.2
SDL = 1.97 kPa LL = 1.6
Partition Load = kPa
Total = 4.913 kPa

Live Load, LL = 2.4 kPa

WuDL = 5.8956 kPa

WuLL = 3.84 kPa

Factore Load (Wu) = 9.7356 kPa

ACI Coefficients, m: Interpolation

Ca, neg = 0.083
Ca, neg =
Ca, DL = 0.034
Ca, LL = 0.009
Cb, neg = 0.008
Ca, DL =
Cb, DL = 0.005
Cb, LL = 0.009

Ca, LL =
Edge conditions of the slab:

Cb, neg =

Cb, DL =

Cb, LL =
DESIGN SUMMARY
t = 125 mm S5
CASE: 9 Short Span (a) Long Span (b)
Parameters edge midspan edge midspan
C 0.0830 - 0.0080 -
CDL - 0.0340 - 0.0050
CLL - 0.0090 - 0.0090
MMS (kN/m) 11.3633 3.3048 1.5772 1.6010
d (mm) 99.00 99.00 88.00 88.00
R (N/mm2) 2.5764 0.7493 0.4526 0.4594
ρmax 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315
ρmin 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051
ρ 0.0099 0.0028 0.0017 0.0017
As (mm2) 984.03 504.00 448.00 448.00
Ø bar (mm) 12 Ø 12 Ø 10 Ø 10 Ø
S (mm) 100 200 175 175
Scs = 1.5SMS (mm) 150 300 250 250
Smax = 2t (mm) 250 250 250 250
SCSfinal (mm) 150 250 250 250

COMPUTATION OF MOMENT AT MIDSPAN, M:

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
MS = (Wu) (Ca) (S2) = 11.36327 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MSDL = (WuDL)(Ca,DL)(S2) = 2.818834 kN-m
2
MSLL = (WULL)(Ca, LL)(S ) = 0.486 kN-m
MS = MSDL +MSLL = 3.304834 kN-m

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML = (Wu) (Cb) (L2) = 1.577167 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MLDL = (WuDL) (Cb, DL) (L2) = 0.73695 kN-m
2
MLLL = (WuLL) (Cb, LL) (L ) = 0.86400 kN-m
ML = MLDL + MLLL = 1.60095 kN-m
COMPUTATION FOR FLEXURAL RESISTANCE FACTOR, R:
A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Ms ( 11.363271)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 2.576442 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (2.5764)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00994

AT MIDSPAN
Ms ( 3.304834)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 0.749319 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.7493)
=
275 (3.75)
= 0.00277

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML ( 1.577167)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.452585 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.4526)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00166

AT MIDSPAN
ML ( 1.60095)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.459409 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.4594)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00169
SOLVING FOR STEEL RATIO, ρ
MAXIMUM ρ:

ρmax =
0.85(28)(0.85)(3)
=
(275)(7)
ρmax = 0.031527
MINIMUM ρ:
1.4 or f'c
ρmin =
fy 4fy
1.4
= = 0.00509
275
28
= = 0.00481
(4)(275)
֒ ρmin = 0.005091
SOLVE FOR SPACING OF MAIN BARS, S:
Note:
If ρmin < ρ < ρmax use ρ
If ρmax > ρ, increase slab thickness to ensure ductile failure
If ρ < ρmin, use ρ = ρmin

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.009940 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.00994)(1000)(99)
= 984.02653 mm²
Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 984.026533
S = 114.93593
≈ 100 mm *Round down to the nearest 25

Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 100 mm

AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(99)
= 504 mm²
 Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 504.000000
S = 224.40476
≈ 200 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 200 mm

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
 ROOF DECK SLAB DESIGN
TWO-WAY SLAB
PROJECT: PROPESED THREE STOREY TWIN BUILDING
SLAB NAME: S5

MATERIAL PROPERTIES:
Compressive strength, f'c = 28 Mpa
Yield Strength, fy = 275 MPa
Length = 4.65 m
Es = 2000000 MPa
Ec = 24870.062 Mpa
Concrete Unit Weight = 23.544 kN/mᶟ
phi (ɸ) = 0.9
β1 = 0.85

DIMENSIONS:
Short Span (S) = 3 m Sn = 2.5 mm
Long Span (L) = 4.65 m Ln = 4.15 mm
Slab Reinf. Short Ø = 12 mm
Short Bar Area = 113.10 mm²
Slab Reinf. Long Ø = 10 mm
Long Bar Area = 78.54 mm²
Concrete Cover = 20 mm
Beam width, b = 500 mm

DESIGN REQUIREMENTS (Two-Way Slab)

2(L+S)
Minimum Slab Thickness =
180
15300
=
180
= 85.000000 mm

Design Slab Thickness = 125 mm

Main bars 1 effective depth (d) = 99 mm

Main bars 2 effective depth (d) = 88 mm

Sn 2.5
ratio (m) = = = 0.6024
Ln 4.15

Case: 2
DETERMINING ULTIMATE SERVICE LOAD, Wu:

Dead Loads, DL LOAD FACTORS:

Slab Weight = 2.943 kPa DL = 1.2
SDL = 1.97 kPa LL = 1.6
Partition Load = kPa
Total = 4.913 kPa

Live Load, LL = 2.4 kPa

WuDL = 5.8956 kPa

WuLL = 3.84 kPa

Factore Load (Wu) = 9.7356 kPa

ACI Coefficients, m: Interpolation

Ca, neg = 0.0844
Ca, neg =
Ca, DL = 0.0354
Ca, LL = 0.0628
Cb, neg = 0.0068
Ca, DL =
Cb, DL = 0.0028
Cb, LL = 0.0056

Ca, LL =
Edge conditions of the slab:

Cb, neg =

Cb, DL =

Cb, LL =
DESIGN SUMMARY
t = 125 mm S5
CASE: 2 Short Span (a) Long Span (b)
Parameters edge midspan edge midspan
C 0.0844 - 0.0068 -
CDL - 0.0354 - 0.0028
CLL - 0.0628 - 0.0056
MMS (kN/m) 7.3952 4.0487 1.1402 0.8219
d (mm) 99.00 99.00 88.00 88.00
R (N/mm2) 1.6767 0.9180 0.3272 0.2359
ρmax 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315
ρmin 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051
ρ 0.0063 0.0034 0.0012 0.0009
As (mm2) 626.53 504.00 448.00 448.00
Ø bar (mm) 12 Ø 12 Ø 10 Ø 10 Ø
S (mm) 175 200 175 175
Scs = 1.5SMS (mm) 250 300 250 250
Smax = 2t (mm) 250 250 250 250
SCSfinal (mm) 250 250 250 250

COMPUTATION OF MOMENT AT MIDSPAN, M:

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
MS = (Wu) (Ca) (S2) = 7.395162 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MSDL = (WuDL)(Ca,DL)(S2) = 1.878338 kN-m
2
MSLL = (WULL)(Ca, LL)(S ) = 2.170368 kN-m
MS = MSDL +MSLL = 4.048706 kN-m

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML = (Wu) (Cb) (L2) = 1.140165 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MLDL = (WuDL) (Cb, DL) (L2) = 0.356937 kN-m
2
MLLL = (WuLL) (Cb, LL) (L ) = 0.46497 kN-m
ML = MLDL + MLLL = 0.821908 kN-m
COMPUTATION FOR FLEXURAL RESISTANCE FACTOR, R:
A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Ms ( 7.395162)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 1.676736 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (1.6767)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00633

AT MIDSPAN
Ms ( 4.048706)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 0.917980 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.918)
=
275 (3)
= 0.00341

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML ( 1.140165)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.327182 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.3272)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00120

AT MIDSPAN
ML ( 0.821908)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.235855 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.2359)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00086
SOLVING FOR STEEL RATIO, ρ
MAXIMUM ρ:

ρmax =
0.85(28)(0.85)(3)
=
(275)(7)
ρmax = 0.031527
MINIMUM ρ:
1.4 or f'c
ρmin =
fy 4fy
1.4
= = 0.00509
275
28
= = 0.00481
(4)(275)
֒ ρmin = 0.005091
SOLVE FOR SPACING OF MAIN BARS, S:
Note:
If ρmin < ρ < ρmax use ρ
If ρmax > ρ, increase slab thickness to ensure ductile failure
If ρ < ρmin, use ρ = ρmin

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.006329 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.006329)(1000)(99)
= 626.53259 mm²
Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 626.532590
S = 180.51735
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25

Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm

AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(99)
= 504 mm²
 Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 504.000000
S = 224.40476
≈ 200 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 200 mm

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
 ROOF DECK SLAB DESIGN
TWO-WAY SLAB
PROJECT: PROPESED THREE STOREY TWIN BUILDING
SLAB NAME: S6

MATERIAL PROPERTIES:
Compressive strength, f'c = 28 Mpa
Yield Strength, fy = 275 MPa
Length = 5 m
Es = 2000000 MPa
Ec = 24870.062 Mpa
Concrete Unit Weight = 23.544 kN/mᶟ
phi (ɸ) = 0.9
β1 = 0.85

DIMENSIONS:
Short Span (S) = 3 m Sn = 2.5 mm
Long Span (L) = 5 m Ln = 4.5 mm
Slab Reinf. Short Ø = 12 mm
Short Bar Area = 113.10 mm²
Slab Reinf. Long Ø = 10 mm
Long Bar Area = 78.54 mm²
Concrete Cover = 20 mm
Beam width, b = 500 mm

DESIGN REQUIREMENTS (Two-Way Slab)

2(L+S)
Minimum Slab Thickness =
180
16000
=
180
= 88.888889 mm

Design Slab Thickness = 125 mm

Main bars 1 effective depth (d) = 99 mm

Main bars 2 effective depth (d) = 88 mm

Sn 2.5
ratio (m) = = = 0.5556
Ln 4.5

Case: 4
DETERMINING ULTIMATE SERVICE LOAD, Wu:

Dead Loads, DL LOAD FACTORS:

Slab Weight = 2.943 kPa DL = 1.2
SDL = 1.97 kPa LL = 1.6
Partition Load = kPa
Total = 4.913 kPa

Live Load, LL = 2.4 kPa

WuDL = 5.8956 kPa

WuLL = 3.84 kPa

Factore Load (Wu) = 9.7356 kPa

ACI Coefficients, m: Interpolation

Ca, neg = 0.085
Ca, neg =
Ca, DL = 0.05
Ca, LL = 0.062
Cb, neg = 0.015
Ca, DL =
Cb, DL = 0.009
Cb, LL = 0.011

Ca, LL =
Edge conditions of the slab:

Cb, neg =

Cb, DL =

Cb, LL =
DESIGN SUMMARY
t = 125 mm S6
CASE: 4 Short Span (a) Long Span (b)
Parameters edge midspan edge midspan
C 0.0850 - 0.0150 -
CDL - 0.0500 - 0.0090
CLL - 0.0620 - 0.0110
MMS (kN/m) 7.4477 4.7957 2.9572 2.3825
d (mm) 99.00 99.00 88.00 88.00
R (N/mm2) 1.6887 1.0874 0.8486 0.6837
ρmax 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315
ρmin 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051
ρ 0.0064 0.0040 0.0031 0.0025
As (mm2) 631.16 504.00 448.00 448.00
Ø bar (mm) 12 Ø 12 Ø 10 Ø 10 Ø
S (mm) 175 200 175 175
Scs = 1.5SMS (mm) 250 300 250 250
Smax = 2t (mm) 250 250 250 250
SCSfinal (mm) 250 250 250 250

COMPUTATION OF MOMENT AT MIDSPAN, M:

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
MS = (Wu) (Ca) (S2) = 7.447734 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MSDL = (WuDL)(Ca,DL)(S2) = 2.65302 kN-m
2
MSLL = (WULL)(Ca, LL)(S ) = 2.14272 kN-m
MS = MSDL +MSLL = 4.79574 kN-m

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML = (Wu) (Cb) (L2) = 2.957189 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MLDL = (WuDL) (Cb, DL) (L2) = 1.32651 kN-m
2
MLLL = (WuLL) (Cb, LL) (L ) = 1.05600 kN-m
ML = MLDL + MLLL = 2.38251 kN-m
COMPUTATION FOR FLEXURAL RESISTANCE FACTOR, R:
A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Ms ( 7.447734)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 1.688656 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (1.6887)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00638

AT MIDSPAN
Ms ( 4.79574)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 1.087358 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (1.0874)
=
275 (3)
= 0.00405

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML ( 2.957189)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.848596 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.8486)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00314

AT MIDSPAN
ML ( 2.38251)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.683686 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.6837)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00252
SOLVING FOR STEEL RATIO, ρ
MAXIMUM ρ:

ρmax =
0.85(28)(0.85)(3)
=
(275)(7)
ρmax = 0.031527
MINIMUM ρ:
1.4 or f'c
ρmin =
fy 4fy
1.4
= = 0.00509
275
28
= = 0.00481
(4)(275)
֒ ρmin = 0.005091
SOLVE FOR SPACING OF MAIN BARS, S:
Note:
If ρmin < ρ < ρmax use ρ
If ρmax > ρ, increase slab thickness to ensure ductile failure
If ρ < ρmin, use ρ = ρmin

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.006375 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.006375)(1000)(99)
= 631.16366 mm²
Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 631.163660
S = 179.19283
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25

Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm

AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(99)
= 504 mm²
 Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 504.000000
S = 224.40476
≈ 200 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 200 mm

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
 ROOF DECK SLAB DESIGN
TWO-WAY SLAB
PROJECT: PROPESED THREE STOREY TWIN BUILDING
SLAB NAME: S6

MATERIAL PROPERTIES:
Compressive strength, f'c = 28 Mpa
Yield Strength, fy = 275 MPa
Length = 5 m
Es = 2000000 MPa
Ec = 24870.062 Mpa
Concrete Unit Weight = 23.544 kN/mᶟ
phi (ɸ) = 0.9
β1 = 0.85

DIMENSIONS:
Short Span (S) = 3 m Sn = 2.5 mm
Long Span (L) = 5 m Ln = 4.5 mm
Slab Reinf. Short Ø = 12 mm
Short Bar Area = 113.10 mm²
Slab Reinf. Long Ø = 10 mm
Long Bar Area = 78.54 mm²
Concrete Cover = 20 mm
Beam width, b = 500 mm

DESIGN REQUIREMENTS (Two-Way Slab)

2(L+S)
Minimum Slab Thickness =
180
16000
=
180
= 88.888889 mm

Design Slab Thickness = 125 mm

Main bars 1 effective depth (d) = 99 mm

Main bars 2 effective depth (d) = 88 mm

Sn 2.5
ratio (m) = = = 0.5556
Ln 4.5

Case: 8
DETERMINING ULTIMATE SERVICE LOAD, Wu:

Dead Loads, DL LOAD FACTORS:

Slab Weight = 2.943 kPa DL = 1.2
SDL = 1.97 kPa LL = 1.6
Partition Load = kPa
Total = 4.913 kPa

Live Load, LL = 2.4 kPa

WuDL = 5.8956 kPa

WuLL = 3.84 kPa

Factore Load (Wu) = 9.7356 kPa

ACI Coefficients, m: Interpolation

Ca, neg = 0.0866
Ca, neg =
Ca, DL = 0.0656
Ca, LL = 0.0724
Cb, neg = 0.0124
Ca, DL =
Cb, DL = 0.00316
Cb, LL = 0.0062

Ca, LL =
Edge conditions of the slab:

Cb, neg =

Cb, DL =

Cb, LL =
DESIGN SUMMARY
t = 125 mm S6
CASE: 8 Short Span (a) Long Span (b)
Parameters edge midspan edge midspan
C 0.0866 - 0.0124 -
CDL - 0.0656 - 0.0032
CLL - 0.0724 - 0.0062
MMS (kN/m) 7.5879 5.9829 2.4446 1.0610
d (mm) 99.00 99.00 88.00 88.00
R (N/mm2) 1.7204 1.3565 0.7015 0.3045
ρmax 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315
ρmin 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051
ρ 0.0065 0.0051 0.0026 0.0011
As (mm2) 643.53 504.00 448.00 448.00
Ø bar (mm) 12 Ø 12 Ø 10 Ø 10 Ø
S (mm) 175 200 175 175
Scs = 1.5SMS (mm) 250 300 250 250
Smax = 2t (mm) 250 250 250 250
SCSfinal (mm) 250 250 250 250

COMPUTATION OF MOMENT AT MIDSPAN, M:

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
MS = (Wu) (Ca) (S2) = 7.587927 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MSDL = (WuDL)(Ca,DL)(S2) = 3.480762 kN-m
2
MSLL = (WULL)(Ca, LL)(S ) = 2.502144 kN-m
MS = MSDL +MSLL = 5.982906 kN-m

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML = (Wu) (Cb) (L2) = 2.444609 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MLDL = (WuDL) (Cb, DL) (L2) = 0.465752 kN-m
2
MLLL = (WuLL) (Cb, LL) (L ) = 0.59520 kN-m
ML = MLDL + MLLL = 1.060952 kN-m
COMPUTATION FOR FLEXURAL RESISTANCE FACTOR, R:
A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Ms ( 7.587927)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 1.720443 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (1.7204)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00650

AT MIDSPAN
Ms ( 5.982906)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 1.356530 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (1.3565)
=
275 (3)
= 0.00508

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML ( 2.444609)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.701506 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.7015)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00259

AT MIDSPAN
ML ( 1.060952)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.304451 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.3045)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00111
SOLVING FOR STEEL RATIO, ρ
MAXIMUM ρ:

ρmax =
0.85(28)(0.85)(3)
=
(275)(7)
ρmax = 0.031527
MINIMUM ρ:
1.4 or f'c
ρmin =
fy 4fy
1.4
= = 0.00509
275
28
= = 0.00481
(4)(275)
֒ ρmin = 0.005091
SOLVE FOR SPACING OF MAIN BARS, S:
Note:
If ρmin < ρ < ρmax use ρ
If ρmax > ρ, increase slab thickness to ensure ductile failure
If ρ < ρmin, use ρ = ρmin

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.006500 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.0065)(1000)(99)
= 643.52641 mm²
Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 643.526414
S = 175.75036
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25

Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm

AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(99)
= 504 mm²
 Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 504.000000
S = 224.40476
≈ 200 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 200 mm

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm