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Renewable

This document discusses several renewable energy technology problems and questions: 1. It asks to calculate the electrical power generated and required pipe diameter for a hydro system with a given water flow rate and pipe specifications. 2. It provides details of a hydro system and asks to calculate its rated power output and expected annual energy production. 3. It outlines a pumped hydro storage system design and asks several questions about sizing the storage tank, required flow rates, energy needs, and photovoltaic system sizing. 4. It provides specifications for an additional pumped hydro system and asks to calculate its average deliverable power over 12 hours.

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23 views2 pages

Renewable

This document discusses several renewable energy technology problems and questions: 1. It asks to calculate the electrical power generated and required pipe diameter for a hydro system with a given water flow rate and pipe specifications. 2. It provides details of a hydro system and asks to calculate its rated power output and expected annual energy production. 3. It outlines a pumped hydro storage system design and asks several questions about sizing the storage tank, required flow rates, energy needs, and photovoltaic system sizing. 4. It provides specifications for an additional pumped hydro system and asks to calculate its average deliverable power over 12 hours.

Uploaded by

Steve
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as pdf or txt
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TECC3792 Renewable Energy Technologies

Tutorial 9
(06 October 2022)

1. Suppose 13 l/s of water is taken from a creek and delivered through 245 m of 8 cm
diameter PVC pipe to a turbine 30 m lower than the source. If the turbine/generator
has an efficiency of 40%,

a) Find the electrical power that would be delivered by the generator.


b) What diameter would be required to keep the flow speed at around 1.5 m/s or
less?

2. Given a creek with a flow rate of 2 cubic meters per second, 20% of which can be
diverted for electricity production. The penstock is 1.2 km long with an elevation drop
of 120 m from the intake to the turbine-generator shed. The total head losses in the
penstock is estimated to be 2.8 m. The turbine-generator unit is expected to have a rated
efficiency of 87%.

a) Calculate the rated power of the generator in kW.


b) If during the four months of dry season it is estimated that the available flow for
electricity generation is reduced to 30% of the normal value, calculate the
expected annual energy production in kWh.

3. Consider the design of an off-grid, pumped hydro system for a PV powered small cabin
located next to a pond as shown in the figure below. Suppose the energy demand is
estimated to be 10 kWh/day with a peak load of 3 kW. A tank will be placed on a nearby
hilltop 30 m (100 ft) above the turbine. The connecting pipes that run to and from the
tank are each 244 m (800 ft)
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒×𝑔×𝐻𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡
a) The potential energy in the water is expressed as 𝐸 = .
3.6×106
Assuming an average of 15% head losses in the pipeline and 80 % conversion
efficiency for the turbine, how many litres of water needs to flow from the upper
tank to the pond to meet daily energy demand?
b) Determine the size of the storage tank needed to provide a full day’s worth of
backup energy when renewables (PV system) do not supply any power. Assume
maximum allowed tank drainage is 75%.
c) Assuming piping losses are 20% during peak demand, what flow rate (L/s) from
the tank would be needed to supply the 3 kW peak demand?
d) How much energy would a photovoltaic system have to provide to meet the
average daily demand for energy. Assume 15% piping losses in each piping run
and 75% efficient pump.
e) In an area with 5.5 kWh/m2/day insolation, size a photovoltaic system to supply
the 10 kWh/day needed by the household. Assume a derate factor of 0.75.

4. Suppose 300 m of elevation separate the upper and lower reservoirs of a pumped
hydro system. Each has an average surface area of 10 hectares (100000 m2) and their
surfaces are allowed to vary in elevation by 1 m. If the penstock efficiency is 90% and
the turbine generator efficiency is 80%, what is the average power that could be
delivered over a 12 h period?

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