Riph - Week 1 - Introduction - Historical Method
Riph - Week 1 - Introduction - Historical Method
Riph - Week 1 - Introduction - Historical Method
1. GOD – Psalm 33:12 • History was derived from the Greek word “historia”
Only Christian Nation in Asia which means “knowledge acquired through inquiry
2. PEOPLE or investigation.”
Most knowledge of God’s word • As discipline it existed for around 2,400 years and is
Rich and unique cultural heritage as old as mathematics and philosophy.
3. LAND
VARIOUS HISTORIANS
Philippines is rich of natural resources
• “History is the record of what one age finds worthy
THE OTHER NAMES BEFORE “PHILIPPINES” of note in another.” – Burckhardt
1. Ma-yi – land of gold • “History, in its broadest sense, is everything that
2. Maniolas – Greek mapmaker named by Claudius ever happened.” – Henry Johnson
Ptolemy • “The value & interest of history depend largely on
3. Archipelago of St. Lazarus – Ferdinand Marcos the degree in which the present is illuminated by the
named this island “Las Islas Filipinas” past.” – V.S Smith
4. Felipinas – named by Ruy Lopez de Villalobos in • “History is the story of man’s struggle through the
honor of Crown Prince Felipe “Las Felipinas” ages against Nature and the elements; against wild
5. Philippine Islands beasts and the jungle and some of his own kind who
6. Republic of the Philippines have tried to keep him down and to exploit him for
their own benefit.” – Jawakaral Nehru
PEARL OF THE ORIENT SEAS
HISTORY – provides us significant records of events of the
- The most popular nickname of the Phiippine past, a meaningful story of mankind depiciting of what
- Father Juan del Gado – he gave as nickname (1751) happened to man and why it happened.
- Jose Rizal – approved romantically the nickname
- August 4, 1996 – Republic of the Philippines NATURE OF HISTORY
KTH | MT 2-YA-8
9. Continuity and coherence are the necessary • a journal/magazine article which interprets or
prerequisites of history reviews previous findings conference proceedings
10. History is relevant • literary criticism
11. History is comprehensive • book reviews
1 • research sources
RELEVANCE & FUNCTIONS OF HISTORY
REPOSITORIES OF PRIMARY SOURCES
1. History helps us understand people and societies
2. History contributes to moral understanding • National Archives of the Philippines
3. History provides identity • National Library of the Philippines
4. Studying history is essential for good citizenship • National Historical Commission of the Philippines
5. History is useful in the world of work • National Museum of the Philippines
• Library of Congress
HISTORIAL SOURCES • National Archives and Records Administration
- An object from the past or testimony concerning the • Lopez Memorial Museum / Ayala Museum
past which historian’s use to create their own
HISTORIAL CRITICISMS
depiction of the past.
1. WRITTEN SOURCES – are published materials 1. EXTERNAL CRITICISM – deals with the problem of
(books, journals, etc.) and manuscript (handwritten authenticity: to spot hoaxes, fakes, forgeries and
and unprinted like archival materials and memoirs). fabrications
2. NON-WRITTEN SOURCES – oral history, artifacts,
Tests of Authenticity are:
fossils, etc.
Determine the date if it is Anachronistic: a
PRIMARY SOURCES
material, skill or culture does not exist at that
• Testimony of an eyewitness time
• It must have been produced by a contemporary of Determine the author in the uniqueness of his
that is narrated. handwriting or signature
• It is a document or physical object written or created Determine the provenance or custody
during the time under study. genuineness
• These sources were present during an experience or Determine the Semantics, meaning of a text or
time period and offer an inside view of a particular word
event, Determine the Hermeneutics, the ambiguities
(the branch of knowledge that deals with
SECONDARY SOURCES interpretation)
2. INTERNAL CRITICISM – it deals with the problem of
• Interpret and analyze primary sources
credibility.
• They are one or more steps removed from the
event. Ex: printed textbooks Tests of Credibility are:
KTH | MT 2-YA-8
remembered was recorded, only a part of what
survived came to the historian’s attention
Only part of what is credible has been grasped,
only a part of what has been grasped can be
expounded and narrated by the historian