Brunei in Brief - FINAL 2

His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu’izzaddin Waddaulah
ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Haji Omar ‘Ali Saifuddien Sa’adul Khairi Waddien,
The Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam
Brunei Darussalam In Brief
Typeset by Department of Information, Prime Minister’s Office,
Brunei Darussalam
Printed by
Department of Government Printing, Prime Minister’s Office,
Brunei Darussalam
Revised Edition
2013
Disclaimer
All rights reserved. The ‘Brunei Darussalam In Brief’ is an annual publication where it
Compilation and updating
discusses briefly on the socio-economic welfare of Brunei Darussalam in general.
Sastra Sarini binti Haji Julaini
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Editor
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Department of Information, Prime Minister’s Office, Brunei Darussalam.
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Layout
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ISBN
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Contents
Brunei Darussalam ‘The Abode of Peace’
~9~
Brief Historical Background
~ 13 ~
His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu’izzaddin Waddaulah ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Haji Omar ‘Ali
Saifuddien Sa’adul Khairi Waddien, The Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam
~ 19 ~
His Royal Highness Prince Haji Al-Muhtadee Billah ibni His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah
Mu’izzaddin Waddaulah, The Crown Prince and Senior Minister at the Prime Minister’s Office
~ 23 ~
National Flag of Brunei Darussalam
~ 27 ~
National Crest of Brunei Darussalam
~ 33 ~
National Anthem
~ 37 ~
The Land and People
~ 41 ~
The Government
~ 49 ~
Trade and Industry
~ 59 ~
Agriculture
~ 65 ~
Human Resource
~ 71 ~
Banking and Finance
~ 75 ~
Tourism
~ 79 ~
Transport and Communications
Brunei Darussalam
‘The Abode of Peace’
~ 83 ~
Social Services
~ 91 ~
Mass Media
~ 97 ~
International Relations
~ 101 ~
Places of Interest
~ 106 ~
Important Dates To Remember
~ 117 ~
Tourist Information
~ 125 ~
9
Brunei Darussalam ‘The Abode of Peace’
Location : Northwest of the Island of Borneo, between latitudes

40 and 505’ North and langitudes 11.4o o4’ and 110
23’ East
Land area : 5,765sq.km.
Highest point : 1.841 metres above sea level (Bukit Pagon)
Climate : Temperature ranges between 23.10C and

320C with relative humidity and total rainfall
of 1386.1 millimetres
Population : 399, 800 (2012 est)
Official religion : Islam
Official language : Malay but English is widely spoken
Currency : Brunei Dollar which is on par with Singapore Dollar
GDP : $10,140.8 million at current prices (*H1/2012 est)
Labour force : 190,200 (2012 est)
Literacy rate : 96.7 per cent (aged 10 and above)
Main industry : Oil and gas
Mobile phone subscribers : 454,297 (*H1/2012 est)
Internet subscribers : Broadband - 50,004 (*H1/2012 est)

Dial-up- 3,724 (*H1/2012 est)
*H1/2012 - First half of year 2012
10 11
Brief Historical
Background
12 13
Brief Historical Background
B efore the advent of Islam, Brunei

Darussalam’s early history is unclear
but archaeological discoveries supported
After the turmoil of the Second World
War, life gradually returned to normal but
progress only began to crystallise during the
by historical data indicate that Brunei had reign of the 28th ruler, Sultan Sir Muda Omar
wide contacts with its neighbours on the ‘Ali Saifuddien Sa’adul Khairi Waddien who
Asian continent around 518 A.D. Chinese utilised Brunei’s oil revenue to finance for
historians of that period, for example, made the first time a five-year development plan
references in their writing of ‘Puni’ or ‘Poli’, (1953 – 1958) which has Brunei an intensive
two of the many names which Brunei was infrastructure and transformed it from a dull
known during ancient times. and quiet backwater into a modern thriving
state.
Islam took root in Brunei in the 14th
century when its first ruler, Awang Alak The year 1959 saw the promulgation of
Betatar, embraced Islam and changed his a written constitution which gave Brunei
name to Sultan Muhammad Shah. internal self-government and changed the
post of Brunei Resident which started in
th
By the 15 and 16 centuries, especially 1906 to High Commissioner.
th
during the reigns of the fifth ruler, Sultan

Bolkiah and the ninth ruler, Sultan Hassan, In 1967, after 17 years of benevolent reign,
Brunei was a dominant power in the region Sultan Haji Omar ‘Ali Saifuddien Sa’adul
with sovereignty embracing the whole Island Khairi Waddien voluntarily abdicated
of Borneo and as far as the Philippines. in favour of his eldest son, His Majesty
Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu’izzaddin
When European presence made itself felt Waddaulah who pledged to carry on his
in the region around mid-16th century to the father’s policies. His Majesty’s succession to
19th century, Brunei began to lose its grip on the throne further pushed Brunei Darussalam
the empire, which was besieged by problems on the road to greater development.
such as wars, internecine strife, insurrection
and piracy. By 1904, Brunei which became a Brunei Darussalam and Great Britain
British protected state in 1888, had shrunk to signed in 1971 an amended and revised
a small sultanate on three sides by Sarawak version of the 1959 Agreement, making
and to the north by the South China Sea. Brunei fully independent internally and post
of High Commissioner, a normal diplomatic
position. Only external affairs and defence
remained in British hands.
14 15
The turning of Brunei’s long history Another reshuffle of the Cabinet took
came in 1979 when the Treaty of Friendship place in May 2005 in which His Majesty
and Cooperation thus paving the way for appointed His Royal Highness Prince
Brunei’s resumption after 1983 of its place Pengiran Muda Haji Al-Muhtadee Billah,
in the community of nation-states. The Crown Prince as the Senior Minister at
the Prime Minister’s Office and announced
As anticipated months of preparations, a new post of a Minister of Energy under
a new chapter in Brunei’s colourful history the Prime Minister’s Office. Meanwhile, the
opened shortly after midnight December posts State Mufti and the Attorney General
31, 1983 when His Majesty declared Brunei now hold the ministerial ranks.
Darussalam as a fully independent sovereign
nation ready to resume its international The recent reshuffle of the Cabinet was
responsibilities. announced on May 29, 2010 where it saw the
post Minister of Finance II is now under the
In consequence, His Majesty announced Prime Minister’s Office. The new Cabinet
a six-member Cabinet with himself as the line-up also saw the appointment of the first
Prime Minister and concurrently holding the female Deputy Minister.
portfolios of Home Affairs and Finance.
Under His Majesty’s leadership, the
In October 1986, His Majesty reshuffled government has invested billions of dollars
the Cabinet. He remained as Prime Minister on one development plans after another
and relinquished the portfolios of Home and will continue to do so in an effort to
Affairs and Finance, and took over the maintain and improve the quality of life of
Defence portfolio which his late father had the population through economic growth,
held since 1984. His Majesty also announced productivity enhancement and wider
the appointment of five new Ministers and economic diversification.
eight Deputy Ministers.
His Majesty’s Government through its
On November 30, 1988, His Majesty 10th National Development Plan, which
announced another reshuffle of the Cabinet, begins from 2012 to 2017 has allocated
which took effect from January 1, 1989. $6.5 billion for the country’s continuing
In the reshuffle, aimed primarily to boost development and progress.
the country’s development, His Majesty
created the Ministry of Industry and Primary
Resources and elevated a state dignitary to a
full minister.
16 17
His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah
Mu’izzaddin Waddaulah ibni Al-Marhum
Sultan Haji Omar ‘Ali Saifuddien Sa’adul
Khairi Waddien, The Sultan and Yang
Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam
18 19
His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu’izzaddin Waddaulah ibni
Al-Marhum Sultan Haji Omar ‘Ali Saifuddien Sa’adul Khairi Waddien,
The Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam
H is Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah

Mu’izzaddin Waddaulah, The Sultan
and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam
Like his illustrious father who is fondly
remembered as the Architect of Modern
Brunei, His Majesty continues this tradition
is the 29th monarch in line of succession, by working tirelessly to ensure that his
which dates back to the 14th Century. Today, citizens continue to live in peace and
he is one of the longest reigning monarchs in harmony. The charismatic leader, apart from
the world. the usual day-to-day administration of the
government, keeps tab on latest developments
Born on July 15, 1946 at the Istana by constantly being on the move, personally
Darussalam in the capital, Brunei Town visiting government departments and related
(now known as Bandar Seri Begawan), His institutions and visiting villages including
Majesty became the Crown Prince in 1961 remote parts of the Brunei.
and ascended the throne on October 5, 1967,
a day after his father Al-Marhum Sultan The promotion and strengthening of
Haji Omar ‘Ali Saifuddien Sa’adul Khairi relations with the outside world also get top
Waddien’s voluntary abdication. His Majesty priority from His Majesty. He has traveled
was crowned the following year on August widely in Southeast Asia, East Asia, the
1, 1968 in pomp and pageantry befitting Middle East, Europe and the United States.
Brunei’s ancient customs and traditions. He addressed the United Nations (UN)
General Assembly on Brunei Darussalam’s
His Majesty received his early education admission to the UN in September 1984.
in the form of a private tuition at Istana Darul
Hana and attended top institutions in both His Majesty is an enthusiastic sportman
Brunei and Malaya (Peninsular Malaysia). and takes great interest in sports, including
His Majesty continued his studies as an polo, which he has excelled in matches
officer cadet at Royal Military Academy against international teams held at home and
Sandhurst in the United Kingdom and was abroad.
commissioned as a Captain in 1967. He
left Sandhurst in October the same year to
ascend the throne.
Besides being the Sultan, His Majesty is

concurrently the Prime Minister, Defence
Minister, Finance Minister and the country’s
head of Islam. As such, he is heavily involved
in the development and implementation of
Brunei state policy both at home and abroad.
20 21
His Royal Highness Prince Haji Al-Muhtadee
Billah ibni His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal
Bolkiah Mu’izzaddin Waddaulah, The Crown
Prince and Senior Minister at the Prime
Minister’s Office
22 23
His Royal Highness Prince Haji Al-Muhtadee Billah
ibni His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu’izzaddin Waddaulah,
The Crown Prince and Senior Minister at the Prime Minister’s Office
A ugust 10, 1998 a date corresponding

to 17 Rabiulakhir 1419 Hijriah in the
Islamic Calendar, was a historic event for
His Royal Highness has also been
preparing for his responsibilities as the future
leader and head of state with visits to various
Brunei Darussalam. The date marked the national and international organisations and
royal proclamation of His Royal Highness institutions in the United Kingdom, Europe
Prince Haji Al-Muhtadee Billah as the and North America. At home in Brunei
Crown Prince of Brunei Darussalam. The Darussalam, the Crown Prince has spent
proclamation puts His Royal Highness in time on attachments to various government
line to become the 30th Sultan of Brunei. agencies as well as to a leading company in
the private sector. These attachments give
Born on February 17, 1974 corresponding His Royal Highness the widest possible
to 24 Muharram 1394 Hijriah, His Royal exposure to the Brunei’s governing and
Highness is the third child of His Majesty administrative system.
Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu’izzaddin
Waddaulah, The Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan On September 9, 2004, His Royal
of Brunei Darussalam and Her Majesty Raja Highness married Dayangku Sarah binti
Isteri Pengiran Anak Hajah Saleha. Pengiran Salleh Ab Rahaman, who during
the Royal Wedding was conferred the title
Throughout his academic life, His Her Royal Highness Paduka Seri Pengiran
Royal Highness is not only industrious in Anak Isteri Pengiran Anak Sarah. Their
his academic studies and extra-curricular Royal Highnesses welcomed the birth of a
activities but is also equally diligent and prince, their first child on March 17, 2007
devoted much time and attention to his and the birth of a princess, their second child
religious education, Islamic and welfare on January 1, 2011.
matters.
On May 29, 2010, His Majesty The Sultan
His Royal Highness progressed through and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam
the Brunei Junior Certificate of Education consented to announce the reshuffling of
in 1988, the ‘O’ level examination of the Cabinet Ministers, which includes His
the General Certificate of Education Royal Highness the Crown Prince, as Senior
(Cambridge) in 1991, and the ‘A’ level Minister at the Prime Minister’s Office.
examination of the General Certificate of
Education (Cambridge) in 1994. In 1995, Earlier on May 5, 2005, His Royal
His Royal Highness attended a course of Highness was conferred the rank Deputy
tutorials at Universiti Brunei Darussalam Inspector General of Police by His Majesty
and the prestigious Oxford University at at a ceremony held at the Officers’ Mess,
the Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies in the Gadong. The conferment marks an historic
United Kingdom. milestone for the Royal Brunei Police Force.
24 25
His Majesty also conferred the rank of
General of the Royal Brunei Armed Forces
(RBAF) to His Royal Highness. The ceremony
took place at the Officers’ Mess, Berakas
Garrison on March 24, 2004 during His
Majesty’s visit to the Ministry of Defence and
the Royal Brunei Armed Forces. It marked an
important chapter for Brunei, particularly the
Royal Brunei Armed Forces.
On September 4, 2006, during the 18th

Convocation Ceremony of Universiti Brunei
Darussalam (UBD), His Royal Highness was
awarded an Honorary Doctorate in Literature
by His Majesty. His Royal Highness is
also Pro-Chancellor of UBD, Brunei’s first
university.
In 2011, His Royal Highness was installed

as Pro-Chancellor of Brunei’s first Islamic
university, Universiti Islam Sultan Sharif
Ali (UNISSA) and later on November 28,
2013, as Pro-Chancellor of Institut Teknologi
Brunei (ITB).
National Flag of
Brunei Darussalam
26 27
National Flag of Brunei Darussalam
T he Brunei Darussalam state flag in

its present form, except for the crest,
has been in use since 1906 when Brunei
The personal standards of the
Pengiran
Digadong,
Bendahara,
the
the
Pengiran
Pengiran
Pemancha
became a protected state, following the and Pengiran Temenggong are white,
signing of an agreement between Brunei and green, black and red respectively.
Great Britain. The crest was superimposed
in 1959 after the promulgation of the The Sultan also bestowed personal flags
Constitution of September 29, 1959. to lesser officials known as Pengiran Cheteria
and to the ordinary Pengiran and commoners.
Prior to 1906, Brunei had no state flag but
individual flags or personal standards were When Brunei signed the agreement of
in use. Of the personal standards, those of the 1906, it was felt that the state should fall
Sultan and the wazir were the most important. in line with international practice in regard
to the adoption of the flag for the state.
In the old days Brunei had four wazir or
principal state officials to whom the Sultan Suggestions were put forward and
delegated his executive and administrative sketches were made on the proposed state
powers in accordance with their ranks. flag. Finally the design of the existing flag that
features yellow, white and black was adopted.
Of the wazir, the most senior at the
time was the Pengiran Bendahara. The The choice of those colours were
three other wazir, in order of seniority, symbolic of the fact that the principal
were the Pengiran Digadong, the Pengiran signatories to the agreement were the
Pemancha and the Pengiran Temenggong. Sultan, the Pengiran Bendahara and the
Pengiran Pemancha whose colours of
A premier wazir with the title of Pengiran yellow, white and black respectively, were
Perdana Wazir Sahibul Himmah Wal-Waqar accordingly incorporated in the new flag.
was appointed on February 6, 1970. As the
title suggests the Pengiran Perdana Wazir The reason why the colours of the wazir
takes precedence over all the other four wazir. were not incorporated in the new flag was
that at that time there were only two wazir
The Perdana Wazir also has a personal living, the signatories to the agreement.
standard granted to him by His Majesty. The The Pengiran Digadong and Pengiran
standard is white superimposed in the centre Temenggong had died and their positions
with the state crest in light yellow. The had not been filled at the time of the signing
crest is supported by ‘Si Kikil’, a traditional of the agreement.
Malay dagger crossed by its sheath.
28 29
After the adoption of the state flag, flags Following the promulgation of the
already in existence continued to be in use Constitution, minor alterations were made
and flown on state occasions to indicate to the personal standards of His Majesty The
individual ranks. The new state flag is Sultan and Her Majesty The Raja Isteri.
hoisted only at government buildings and by
non-Brunei residents of the state. His Majesty now has a personal standard
of yellow incorporating the royal crest on The centre of the flag is superimposed
The use of flags was consolidated after red background at the centre of the standard. by the state crest in red.
the promulgation of the Constitution of 29th
September, 1959, to reduce to a minimum The standard of Her Majesty The Raja The forefingers of the upright arms
the number of flags on state occasions. Isteri is light yellow incorporating the royal which support the red crest are equidistant
crest on red background at the centre of the at 24 inches from the left and right sides of
With the exception of those especially standard. the flag.
authorised by the Sultan to retain their
personal standards, the individual flags of The rectangular shape state flag of four The state motto is incorporated in the
commoners and the ordinary pengiran were component portions – two parallelograms crest. Written in the Arabic script in yellow
abolished. and two trapeziums – is cut cross by a letterings, it means ‘Always render service
parallelogram from a point 2 ½ inches below by God’s guidance’.
They now hoist the state flag on all the top left corner to a point of the same
national occasions. distance from the bottom corner on the right Four colours are incorporated in the flag,
side. red for the crest, yellow for the trapeziums,
Among the Pengiran and dignitaries who white for the upper parallelogram and
are authorised to use personal standards are: The standard measures 72 inches long by black for the lower parallelogram.
36 inches wide.
(a) Decendants of Sultan down to four
generations, The parallelogram dividing the rectangle
in this manner leaves two similar trapeziums
(b) Decendents of Wazir down to three at the top and bottom of the flag, with the
generations, lower trapezium assuming the inverted form
of the upper trapezium.
(c) Decendents of Cheteria down to two
generations, The parallelogram is again divided into
two parallelograms of unequal depths, the
(d) Menteri down to Damong. upper being one inch wider than the lower
which is 7 ½ inches in width.
Their personal standards incorporate the
state crest in red on a yellow background at
the top left corner of the flags.
30 31
National Crest of
Brunei Darussalam
32 33
National Crest of Brunei Darussalam
The crest consists of:
T he national crest of Brunei Darussalam was developed from a royal emblem and in
its original form still maintains its status as one of the royal emblems.The present
national crest was superimposed on the national flag after promulgation of the 1959 Brunei
Constitution.
The crest comprises of the following: -

- Bendera – the flag.
- Payung Ubor-Ubor – the royal umbrella.
- Sayap – the wing.
- Tangan (kimhap) – the hand.
- Bulan – the cresent.
The Bendera and Payung Ubor-Ubor have been royal regalias since the creation of the
crest.
The Sayap – the wing of four feathers – symbolises the protection of justice, tranquility,
prosperity and peace in the country.
Tangan or Kimhap – the hand – signifies the government’s pledge to promote welfare,
peace and prosperity.
Bulan – the crescent – is the symbol of Islam, the national religion of Brunei Darussalam.
The characters inscribed on the crescent are the national slogan, ‘Always render service
by God’s guidance’.
The scroll beneath the crest reads ‘Brunei Darussalam’ which means ‘Brunei, the abode
of peace’.

34 35
National Anthem
36 37
National Anthem
T he composer of the tune and the writer of the lyrics were the late Awang Haji Besar bin
Sagap and Pengiran Haji Mohamed Yusof bin Pengiran Haji Abdul Rahim (now Yang
Amat Mulia Pengiran Setia Negara Pengiran Haji Mohamed Yusof bin Pengiran Haji Abdul
Rahim) respectively.
Below is the lyric of the National Anthem;
Allah Peliharakan Sultan
Ya Allah lanjutkanlah usia

Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia
Adil berdaulat menaungi nusa
Memimpin rakyat kekal bahagia
Hidup sentosa Negara dan Sultan
Ilahi selamatkan Brunei Darussalam
The National Anthem can be translated thus:
Allah Bless His Majesty

With A Long Life
Justly And Nobly Rule The Kingdom
And Lead Our People Happily Forever
Peacefully Be, The Kingdom and Sultan
Lord, Save Brunei, The Abode of Peace
38 39
The Land and People
40 41
The Land and People
Location Physical Features
B runei Darussalam is situated on the

north-west coast of the Island of Borneo,
between east longitudes 114004 and 11023’
T he land surface is developed on bedrock
of tertiary age, comprising of sandstones,
shales and clay. The terrain in the western
and north latitudes 40 and 505’. It has a total part of the country is hilly lowland, which
land area of 5,765 sq. km. and a coastline of rises in the hinterland to about 300 metres.
about 161 kilometres. It is bounded on the To the east, the wide coastal plain reaches
north by the South China Sea, and on the up to a height point of 1,840 metres above
other sides by the Malaysian state of Sarawak sea level at Bukit Pagon in the Temburong
which also divides Brunei Darussalam into District.
two parts. The eastern part is the Temburong
District while the western portion consists Brunei Darussalam has a coastline of
of the Brunei-Muara, Tutong and Belait about 161 kilometres. The beaches facing
Districts. the South China Sea are largely sandy and a
mixture of sand and mangrove in areas away
from the sea.
About 76 per cent of Brunei Darussalam’s total land area is covered with rainforest.
42 43
Climate Capital and Other Towns their ancestors centuries ago. The similarity,
however, ends there: the existing houses
L ike its neighbours, Brunei Darussalam

has an equatorial climate, a uniform
temperature, high humidity and heavy
B runei Darussalam’s capital, Bandar feature luxuries normally associated with
Seri Begawan has an area of 100.36 sq. modern living.
km. Located in the Brunei-Muara District,
rainfall. the most populous of the four districts, The government has virtually made
Bandar Seri Begawan thrives with activities Kampung Ayer self-sufficient in facilities,
Vegetation and Wildlife befitting its status as the hub of government including electricity and piped water
and business. supplies, clinics and schools.
T
•
here are seven types of forests in Brunei
Darussalam:
Mangrove Forest
Formerly known as Bandar Brunei or
Brunei Town, it was renamed on October
Cottage industries such as cloth-
weaving, silver craft, brass casting, practised
• Beach Type Forest 4, 1970 in honour of the 28th Sultan of generations ago continue to flourish.
• Freshwater Swamp Forest Brunei, Al-Marhum Sultan Haji Omar ‘Ali
• Peat Swamp Forest Saifuddien Sa’adul Khairi Waddien who Most of the inhabitants work with
• Heath (Kerangas) Forest became known as Seri Begawan Sultan. government and the private sector, while
• Mixed Dipterocarp Forest During his 17-year reign, the Seri Begawan many have businesses of their own or take
• Montane Forest Sultan set in motion the modernisation of up fishing as their means of livelihoods,
Brunei Darussalam. Most of them have cars, which they keep on
Seventy-six per cent of the country’s total the mainland and they commute to and from
land area is still covered with luscious green Kampung Ayer is a cluster of small villages the shore by motor boats.
forest and more efforts have been taken to on the Brunei River has been in existence
ensure its sustainability with 41 per cent for centuries. Prior to the resettlement of the Other towns are Muara which is 25
have been gazetted as Forest Reserve in capital, Bandar Seri Begawan (Brunei Town) kilometres to the north-east of Bandar Seri
which 50,000 hectares have been declared as on to the mainland in 1906, Kampung Ayer Begawan; Kuala Belait, Pekan Tutong and
a National Park. was synonymous with Brunei itself. Bangar are the administrative centres of
Belait, Tutong and Temburong Districts
Wildlife includes honey bears, deer, A renowned Italian traveller, Antonio respectively.
monkeys and a myriad of reptiles and birds. Pigafetta who sailed with Ferdinand
Magellan arrived in 1521 and described Seria, another town in the Belait District,
Districts Kampung Ayer as a city of 25,000 families. is the most vital as it has been the seat of
Brunei’s oil and gas industry since oil was
B runei Darussalam has four administrative

districts: Brunei-Muara, Tutong, Belait
and Temburong. Each district is administered
After the resettlement in 1906, the first struck there in 1929. Just outside this
population of Kampung Ayer was oil-town is Lumut where one of the world’s
further reduced as more people accepted largest Liquefied Natural Gas Plants, another
by a District Officer. government’s offer to resettle them on source of Brunei’s wealth operates. Brunei’s
An aerial view of a part of the famous water village locally land. Today, Kampung Ayer is still home first world-class methanol plant also operates
There are three municipal authorities known as Kampung Ayer (top); Proboscis Monkey, only to thousands of people who live in houses in this district.
found in Borneo Island, easily sighted along Brunei
known as Municipal Board located at Bandar huddled together and built on stilts just as
River (middle); Tasek Merimbun Heritage Park is one of
Seri Begawan, Kuala Belait and Tutong. ASEAN’S national heritage parks (bottom)
44 45
Population Language
T he first half of 2012 showed that the

population of Brunei Darussalam was
estimated at 399,800 with an annual growth
According to the preliminary findings of
the Population and Housing Census 2011, the
smallest district, which is the Brunei-Muara
M alay is the official language but English Relics and other various artistic heritage
is also widely spoken. A number of besides the ones mentioned above include
Chinese and Indian languages and dialects Malay weaponry, wood carvings, traditional
District was the most densely populated
rate of 1.6 per cent. Of the total, 206,700 are also used. instruments, ‘silat’ (the traditional art of self-
were males and 193,100 were females. with 490 persons per square kilometre of defence) and decorative items for women.
land area. While the largest district, which is Culture Some of these are kept in the Brunei Museum
Brunei Malays comprise Brunei the Belait District had 22 persons per square and Malay Technology Museum, not only
indigenous communities of Malay race: kilometre. Overall, Brunei Darussalam
Belait, Bisaya, Brunei, Dusun, Kedayan, remained sparsely populated with 68 persons
Murut and Tutong. The Malays constitute per square kilometre.
B runei’s culture mainly derived from the for the world to see but most importantly for
Old Malay World, which encompassed today’s generation to admire and be proud
the Malay Archipelago and from this stemmed of for future generation to emulate, perhaps
the major population group numbering at what is known as the Malay Civilisation. and something to remind us of forefather’s
262,800 persons followed by Chinese with Religion Based on historical facts, various cultural natural skill, creativity and innovativeness,
41,000 persons and other races 96,000 the influence of Brunei culture can be traced which over generations have been ingrained
persons.
I
slam is the official religion of Brunei
Darussalam as stated in the written
Brunei-Muara District is the most constitution, with His Majesty The Sultan
to four dominating periods of Animism, as one of the richest traditional culture in the
Hinduism, Islam and the West. Out of the Malay world.
four, Islam is the most influencial and has
populous district with a total of 285,300 and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam became a way of life and adopted as the
persons; followed by Belait with 61,500 as the head of the Islamic faith. Thus Islam state’s ideology and philosophy.
persons; Tutong with 44,100 persons; and plays a central role in the life of every
Temburong with 8,900 people. Muslim in Brunei Darussalam. Christianity, The setting up of Brunei Arts and
Buddhism and other religions are also Handicrafts Training Centre in 1975 is a
practised here. living testimony to the preservation and
the proliferation of the arts and crafts of the
bygone days which Brunei was renowned
for such as boat-making, silver smithing,
bronze casting, cloth weaving as well as mat
and basket weaving.
A trainee at the Brunei Arts and Handicraft,

Training Centre weaving a beautiful cloth
Young children completing commonly known as ‘Kain Tenunan Brunei’.
the reading of the Al-Quran.
46 47
The Government
48 49
The Government
B runei Darussalam is an independent and sovereign nation-state which is governed on

the basis of a written constitution. His Majesty The Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of
Brunei Darussalam is the supreme executive authority.
Brunei’s administrative system is centred on the Prime Minister’s Office, which has
provided the thrust behind His Majesty’s aim to introduce greater efficiency in the public
sector. In his National Day speech in 1987, His Majesty pointed out that it was essential
to keep the country’s administrative machinery up-to-date in line with the development of
Brunei as an independent nation-state. His Majesty has followed a combination of traditional
and reforming policies, moving away from a structure of a Chief Minister and State Secretary
to a full ministerial system with specified portfolios.
The 1959 Constitution
B runei Darussalam’s political system rests on the twin pillars of the country’s written
constitution and the tradition of Malay Muslim Monarchy. These two facts dominate
both the formal political life and its government ethos. An additional and underlying feature
is the country’s adherence to the rule of law, a system based primarily on the English
Common Law System and the independence of the judiciary.
Brunei’s first written Constitution came into force in 1959, has since been subject to
amendments.
The 1959 Constitution established the Chief Minister as the highest official, with the
British High Commissioner as adviser to the Government on all matters except those relating
to the Muslim religion and Malay customs.
In 1971, the amended Treaty reduce the power of the Government of the United Kingdom
which retained responsibility only for foreign affairs, whilst defence became the joint
responsibility of both countries.
The Constitution was amended with effect from January 1, 1984 to make provisions
reflecting the status of Brunei Darussalam as a fully independent and sovereign nation-state.
The Constitution was again revised and amended in 2004. The Constitution of Brunei
Darussalam (Amendment) Proclamation took place on September 29, 2004 at the
International Convention Centre, Berakas. This allows for the reinstatement of the State
Legislative Council.
50 51
Cabinet Ministers of Brunei Darussalam 2010-2015
Constitutional Bodies
T he constitution of Brunei provides for a

number of constitutional bodies.
They include:
- Council of Succession
- Privy Council
- Council of Cabinet Ministers
- Religious Council
- State Legislative Council
- Adat Istiadat Council
His Majesty
Judiciary In between, there is the Intermediate Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah
Court, with extensive civil and criminal Mu’izzaddin Waddaulah ibni Al-Marhum
J
Sultan Haji Omar ‘Ali Saifuddien
udicial power is vested in the Supreme jurisdiction, although it does not deal with Sa’adul Khairi Waddien, The Sultan and
Court and the Subordinate Courts. The capital offence. Matters related to the Islamic Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam,
Prime Minister, Minister of Defence and
Supreme Court comprises the High Court and faith are dealth with by the Islamic Court or Minister of Finance
the Court of Appeals, while the Subordinate the Syariah.
Courts comprises the Magistrate’s Court.
Brunei Darussalam is to enforce the
The High Court receives appeals from Islamic Low in 2014. His Majesty Sultan Haji
Magistrate’s Court in the districts and is Hassanal Bolkiah Muizzaddin Waddaulah
itself a court of first instance for criminal made the announcement on 22 October,
and civil cases. Appeal from the High Court 2013, saying the Syariah or Islamic Low will
is submitted to the Court of Appeals. The be enforced in stages.
Judicial Committee of the Privy Council in
London is the final court of appeal for civil
cases only.
His Royal Highness
Prince Haji Al-Muhtadee His Royal Highness
Billah ibni His Majesty Prince Mohamed Bolkiah ibni
Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Al-Marhum Sultan Haji Omar
Mu’izzaddin Waddaulah, ‘Ali Saifuddien Sa’adul
The Crown Prince and Khairi Waddien,
Senior Minister at The Prime Minister of Foreign Affairs
Minister’s Office and Trade
52 53
Cabinet Ministers
Yang Berhormat Yang Berhormat Yang Berhormat Yang Berhormat Yang Berhormat Yang Berhormat
Pehin Orang Kaya Seri Kerna Pehin Orang Kaya Johan Pehin Orang Kaya Indera Pehin Orang Kaya Pekerma Pehin Datu Singamanteri Kol- Pengiran Dato Seri Setia Dr.
Dato Seri Setia (Dr.) Haji Pahlawan Dato Seri Setia Pahlawan Dato Seri Setia Dewa Dato Seri Setia onel (Retired) Dato Seri Setia Haji Mohammad bin Pengiran
Awang Abu Bakar Awang Haji Adanan bin Awang Haji Suyoi Lim Jock Seng, (Dr.) Awang Haji Mohammad Haji Abdul Rahman,
bin Haji Apong, Begawan Pehin Siraja Khatib bin Haji Osman, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Yasmin bin Haji Umar, Minister of Religious Affairs
Minister of Education Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Minister of Development Trade II Minister of Energy at Prime
Mohd Yusof, Minister’s Office
Minister of Health
Yang Berhormat Yang Berhormat

Yang Berhormat Yang Berhormat Yang Berhormat
Pehin Udana Khatib Dato Pehin Orang Kaya Pekerma
Pehin Orang Kaya Hamzah Pehin Orang Kaya Seri Pehin Orang Kaya Laila Setia
Paduka Seri Setia Ustaz Haji Laila Diraja Dato Seri Setia
Pahlawan Dato Seri Setia Utama Dato Seri Setia Dato Seri Setia
Awang Badaruddin Awang Haji Hazair
Awang Haji Abdullah Awang Haji Yahya Awang Haji Abdul Rahman
bin Pengarah Dato Paduka bin Haji Abdullah,
bin Begawan Mudim Dato bin Begawan Mudim Dato bin Haji Ibrahim,
Haji Othman, Minister of Culture,Youth
Paduka Haji Bakar, Paduka Haji Bakar, Minister of Finance II at
Minister of Home Affairs and Sports
Minister of Communications Minister of Industry and Prime Minister’s Office
Primary Resources
54 55
Deputy Ministers
Yang Mulia Yang Mulia Yang Mulia Yang Dimuliakan Yang Mulia
Dato Paduka Awang Haji Dato Paduka Awang Haji Ali Dato Paduka Awang Haji Pehin Datu Lailaraja Major Datin Paduka Hajah Adina
Abdul Wahab bin Juned, bin Haji Apong, Mustappha bin Haji Sirat, General (Retired) binti Othman,
Deputy Minister at Prime Deputy Minister at Prime Deputy Minister of Defence Dato Paduka Seri Haji Awang Deputy Minister of
Minister’s Office Minister’s Office Halbi bin Haji Mohd Yussof, Culture,Youth and Sports
Deputy Minister of Home
Affairs
Yang Mulia Yang Mulia Yang Mulia

Dato Paduka Awang Haji Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Pengiran Dato Paduka Haji
Bahrin bin Abdullah, Yusoff bin Haji Ismail, Bahrom
Deputy Minister of Finance Deputy Minister of Education bin Pengiran Haji Bahar,
Deputy Religious of Religious
Affairs
56 57
Trade and Industry
58 59
Trade and Industry

A part from depending on the revenue

from exports of oil and gas, efforts
External Trade
will also be intensified for the development

of oil and gas downstream activities and
other industries that can create additional
B runei Darussalam’s total exports in
the first half of year 2012 amounted to
$8,358.1 million where exports were still
growth centres. The achievement of the dominated by crude petroleum.
non-oil sectors particularly the small-and-
medium industries is also a contributor to the The main countries of destination of
sustainable economic growth of the country. Brunei’s crude petroleum in the first half of
year 2012 were: Australia ($706.7 million);
Through a series of five-year National China ($76.9 million); India ($783.2
Development Plans (NDP), measures have million); Indonesia ($308.7 million); Japan
been taken to diversify the economy by ($204.1 million); Republic of Korea ($799.8
encouraging development in other fields. million); New Zealand ($370.9 million);
The national objectives of NDPs are to create Philippines ($57.2 million); Singapore
an integrated and dynamic development in ($48.0 million); Thailand ($303.0 million);
every aspect that could lead to improvements and Viet Nam ($371.4 million).
in quality of life of the people. The year
2012 saw the launching of the 10th National While total exports of natural gas in first
Development Plan (2012 – 2017) $6.5 billion half of year 2012 amounted to $3,921.1
has been allocated to fund 682 projects. million with Japan as the top destination
amounting to $3,408.6 million; followed by
Gross Domestic Product Republic of Korea - $512.5 million.
B runei Darussalam’s Growth Domestic Oil and Gas Industry

Product (GDP) at current prices
increased by 0.9 per cent to $21.2 billion
from $21.0 billion in 2011. N
atural gas produced from Brunei oil
fields is exported as liquefied natural
gas to two major destinations which are
While GDP per capita at current prices Japan and Republic of Korea. The average
declined by 0.7 per cent to $53.0 thousand production of crude oil in the first half of
from $53.4 thousand in 2011. 2012 was at 154,000 barrels per day. Whilst
production of gas was at 1,248 Million
standard cubic feet (MMscf) per day.
In the same period, the oil price was at

US$121.63 per day; while liquefied natural
gas US$18.3292 per MMBtu (Million
British thermal unit).
60 61
Imports The production of Bakau Poles reached
89.9 thousand cubic metres; and charcoal at
I mports by commodity section in first half

of year 2012 were $2,264.3 million.The
main imports were food ($285.9 million);
17.7 thousand kilogrammes.
Logging in Brunei Darussalam is confined

chemicals ($158.8 million); manufactured to 100,000 cubic metres annually and is only
goods ($559.1 million); machinery and 30 per cent of local consumption, while the
transport equipment ($642.0 million); rest is imported.
miscellaneous manufactured articles ($232.3
million); and others ($386.2 million) Brunei Darussalam has a National
Herbarium, which has become an important
institution of reference. The Brunei National
Herbarium (BRUN) plays an important
role as the centre for specimens collected
in the country and those from neighbouring
Forestry and Other Resources They represent one of the most diverse countries: the Malaysian states of Sabah
and unique vegetative assemblages in the and Sarawak, Indonesian province of
T ropical rainforest covers 76 per cent of world, comprising about 5,000 species of
Brunei’s total land area. There are seven plants, including about 2,000 species of
major types of forests, each representing trees. Although a large part of Brunei is
Kalimantan, and Republic of Singapore.
BRUN currently houses an impressive
specimen collections amounting to nearly
numerous variants: covered with timber, its contribution to the more than 29,000 species.
• Mangrove Forest economy is minimal.
• Beach Type Forest
• Freshwater Swamp Forest In the first half of year 2012, forestry
• Peat Swamp Forest production of round timber and sawn timber
• Heath Forest amounted to 49.8 thousand cubic metres and
• Mixed Dipterocarp Forest 20.4 thousand cubic metres respectively.
• Montane Forest
A unique fauna found in Brunei Darussalam.
62 63
Agriculture
64 65
Agriculture
A griculture remains an important sector

in the country’s bid to achieve a
progressive and productive economy and at
Local production was at 2,627.9 metric
tonnes with a retail value of $4.60 million;
while 14,413.1 metric tonnes were imported
the same time ensuring the security of food with an estimated retail value of $38.24
supply for the people of Brunei Darussalam. million.
Rice Production The fruits grown in Brunei Darussalam
I n first half of year 2012, rice production are banana, musk lime, sweet orange,
amounted to 925.7 metric tonnes. papaya, young coconut, watermelon, lemon,
cempedak, guava, old coconut, durian,
In 2011, 1,604.67 hectares of land were jackfruit, pomelo, pineapple and rambutan.
allocated for the cultivation of paddy with
647.73 hectares in Brunei-Muara District; Miscellaneous Crop
370.70 hectares in Belait District; 321.44
hectares in Tutong District; and 264.80
hectares in Temburong District.
T he local production of miscellaneous
crops in 2011 was 885.8 metric tonnes
with a retail value of about $1.42 million.
Import percentage was 93.0 per cent or
Vegetables Production 11,710.9 metric tonnes.
V egetables production continues to hold

a significant post with an estimated Ornamental and Floriculture Industry
retail value of $56.47 million in 2011.
L ocal production of ornamental plants in
2011 amounted to 363,166 stalks with a
The local production was about 12,964.0 retail value of about $1.35 million. While a
metric tonnes amounted to an estimated total of 138,765 stalks were imported with
retail value of $31.29 million. While a total an estimated retail value of $0.84 million.
of 7,678.4 metric tonnes of vegetables were The overall total consumption of ornamental
imported. plants was 501,931 plants or $2.19 million.
As of 2010, 708.86 hectares of land were While the local production of cut flowers
used for vegetables production with 345.15 in 2011 was 278,368 cuts with retail value of
hectares in Brunei-Muara District; 212.27 $278,368. Total import was 728,629 cuts or
hectares in Tutong District; 141.01 hectares $1,301,036.
in Belait District; and 10.43 hectares in
Temburong District involving 472 farmers. Agrifood Industry
Fruits Production • Livestock Production
I n 2011, the fruits industry was valued at

an estimated retail value of $42.84 million
with a total consumption of 17,041.0 metric
The total consumption of livestock
productions in 2011 for buffaloes were
2,014.17 metric tonnes; 2,08.14 metric
tonnes. tonnes and 8.54 metric tonnes of goats.
66 67
Brunei Darussalam continues to be
self-sufficient in the production of broiler
chickens. In 2011, the production of broiler
chickens reached 22,962.2 metric tonnes or
retail value of $94.06 million.
• Poultry Layer Production

The target for poultry layer production
is to secure and ensure continuous egg
production at 100 per cent self-sufficiency
level. Egg production in Brunei Darussalam
has reached 100 per cent self-sufficiency
since year 1994.
Agriculture production data shows that

the production of chicken eggs in year 2011
was worth at retail value of about $22.98
million or 128.87 million eggs. While total
consumption was at 129,80 million eggs or a
retail value of $23.14 million.
• Fisheries
F ishery is one of the sustainable sectors

that contribute to the country’s economic
diversification. The Fisheries Industry
comprises three sectors: Capture Industry;
Aquaculture Industry; and Processing
Industry.
The Capture Industry in 2010 saw a

local production of 13,329.2 metric tonnes;
followed by Aquaculture Industry with 423.8
metric tonnes; and the Processing Industry
with 564.1 metric tonnes.
• Processing Industry
The overall processing industry involved
the livestock and crops. In 2011, the
livestock processing industry was worth at
about $44.42 million; and crops processing
was valued at $46.96 million.
68 69
Human Resource
70 71
Human Resource
I n the National Development Plan 2007 – 2012, the highest priority was given to human
resource development with the aim of developing a pool of high calibre human resources
in all fields of importance to the country’s development.
According to Brunei Darussalam Key Indicators 2011, Brunei Darussalam’s labour force
in 2012 was recorded at 190,200 comprising of 112,500 males and 77,700 females.
Unemployment rate for the year 2012 was at 1.7 per cent.
72 73
Banking and Finance
74 75
Banking and Finance
B runei Darussalam issued its own currency in 1967 replacing the Malaya British Borneo
money which it had previously shared with Malaya and Singapore.
The currency consists of notes of $1, $5, $10, $50, $100, $500, $1,000 and $10,000; and
coins 1 cent, 5 cents, 20 cents and 50 cents. One dollar is equivalent to 100 cents.
The Brunei Dollar on a par with the Singapore Dollar.
Gross circulation of Brunei Currency at the end of 2011 amounted to $1,690 million
while exchange rates of currencies were subject to daily fluctuations.
The banking sector comprised two local banks, six foreign branches of international and
regional banks including one Islamic trust fund. The banks and trust fund are:
1. Authority Monetary Brunei Darussalam

2. Bank Islam Brunei Darussalam (BIBD)
3. Baiduri Bank Berhad
4. HongKong & Shanghai Banking Corporation Ltd. (HSBC)
5. Standard Chartered Bank
6. Malayan Banking Berhad
7. RHB Bank Berhad
8. United Overseas Bank Ltd.
9. Perbadanan Tabung Amanah Islam Brunei (TAIB)
76 77
Tourism
78 79
Tourism
B runei Darussalam has identified the tourism industry as one of the sectors that can be
further developed to diversify its economy. One of its efforts is by promoting eco-
tourism.
With more than 70 per cent of the country’s land area is covered with tropical rainforests,
one of the world’s most richest and diverse, the country offers tourists with a wide range of
natural habitats and opportunity to foster environmental education.
Brunei’s tourism industry is divided into several market areas: ASEAN, Far East,
Australia/New Zealand and Long Haul.
The total numbers of tourist arrivals in 2010 were comprised of 50.59 per cent from
ASEAN; 15.88 per cent from Far East; 12.28 per cent from Australia/New Zealand; and
16.08 per cent from Long Haul.
80 81
Transport and
Communications
82 83
Transport and Communications
T he transport and communications sector

plays a crucial role in supporting the
economic growth and to ensure balanced
Brunei Shell Petroleum has a small airport
at Anduki in the Belait District for its own
operations.
socio-economic development of the country.
With the continuous economic growth, Air Transport
Brunei Darussalam has developed an
efficient transportation network and runs
one of the most modern telecommunications
systems among developing countries.
S tatistics show that aircraft movements
schedule, non-schedule, military and
chartered in first half of 2012 were 6,194;
328; and 5,395 respectively.
Airports
While the number of passenger movement
T he Brunei International Airport, the

main gateway to Brunei Darussalam is
located in Berakas, about 15 minutes drive
in the same period was 353.3 thousand
inward passengers; 337.4 thousand outward
passengers; and 139.1 thousand transit
from Bandar Seri Begawan. passengers.
The government has given approval Freight handled in the same period were
for the modernisation project of Brunei 7,264.2 thousand kilogrammes (inward); and
International Airport where the value of 3,928.9 thousand kilogrammes (outward).
the upgrading and development project is
approximately $130 million. The approval Royal Brunei Airlines
was given in March 2010. The first phase is
expected to be completed by 2013, raising
airport capacity to three million passengers
per annum as compared with 1.5 million
R oyal Brunei (RB) formerly known as
Royal Brunei Airlines (RBA) is the
national carrier, an independent corporation
when the airport first opened in 1974. wholly owned by the Government of His
Majesty The Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of
Brunei Darussalam. It was established on
November 18, 1974.
In its first year of operation, services

were started to Singapore, Hong Kong, Kota
Kinabalu and Kuching of Malaysia.
To date, RB provides scheduled services

to destinations across Asia, the Middle East,
Australasia and to the United Kingdom. As
an added convenience to its passengers, the
84 85
airline has code-share agreements with a Roads commissioned as the Department of Ports the Old Airport Complex in Berakas acts
number of airlines allowing passengers to on May 1, 1974. The department took over as the processing centre for letters and
coordinate flights for seamless travel to a
wider choice of destinations. B runei Darussalam in 2010 has 3,029.1
kilometres of roads ranging from
highways to earth roads. Of the figure,
the management and operations of all ports
on January 1, 1986 from the Department of
Royal Customs and Excise.
parcels regardless of categories of mail from
ordinary to Express Mail Service (EMS)
items, while the General Post Office in the
RB now operates a fleet of six Boeing 2,425.4 kilometres is permanent road, capital operates as the administration for the
777-200ERs, two Airbus A320s and two 560.7 kilometres improved road and 43.0 Being the main point for the exports and Department of Postal Services.
Airbus A319s. kilometres unimproved road. imports of goods, Muara Port plays a crucial
role in providing various required facilities The EMS Speedpost network has been
Road Transport Sea Transport and Water Taxis Services such as containers, storage and transhipment. extended to 64 countries in 2010, an
The dedicated container terminal at Muara impressive increase of 100 per cent from 32
T he number of vehicles increased over the

years due to subsidised fuel, low road
tax and driving license fees. Most vehicles
B oats and water taxis are the transportation
for most residents of Kampung Ayer.
Fares are cheap and charged according to
Port, Muara Container Terminal is equipped
with up-to-date machinery and equipment.
It is operated by experienced and skilled
are imported from South Korea, Malaysia, distance. Others prefer foot-bridges, which manpower that delivers high levels of
Indonesia, Japan, Britain, Germany and Italy. are available throughout Kampung Ayer. efficiency and productivity.
Cars in Brunei Darussalam are right-hand There are regular water taxis and boat In 2009, the terminal housed 85,060 local
drive and every vehicle must be covered a operating daily to and from Bandar Seri containers and handled 927,916 tonnes of
with a valid insurance policy. Begawan and Temburong between 7.45 am to cargo.
4.00 pm daily and services to the Malaysian
Drivers must have valid licenses issued by towns of Lawas, Sundar and Labuan. Sea
Brunei Darussalam or international driving transport services to the Malaysian Federal
licenses. Territory of Labuan depart from Serasa countries in 1990.
Terminal in Muara.
In 2011, the postal services handled
Marine and Ports 7,940,000 million mails; and 955,000 parcel,
postcard, printed matter, registered article
The main port of Brunei Darussalam and other items.
is Muara, which is about 28 kilometres
from the capital. It was opened for
commercial operations in February 1973 and
Postal Services Telecommunications
Public transportation system in the country

had also undergone rapid development. In
T here are reliable domestic and
international postal services provided at
25 Post Offices and several Postal Agencies
T elecommunication services have
improved considerably over the years.
Telekom Brunei Berhad (TelBru) formerly
2010, 15,069 new vehicles were registered throughout the nation. known as Department of Telecommunications
comprising 13,983 private vehicles; 366 before it was privatised on April 1, 2006 is
goods vehicles; 606 motorcycles/scooters; The Mail Processing Centre (MPC) at responsible for the provision, management
and 114 were of other categories.
86 87
and maintenance of domestic as well as up subscribers; and 22,449 were fixed
international telecommunications services broadband subscribers.
consisting of telephone, facsimile, telex,
telegraph, cellular mobile telephone, radio
paging and data packet switch.
• Fixed Line Service
Fixed line telephone services despite

facing stiff challenges from cellular mobile
telephone services is still highly subscribed.
This can be seen through statistics in 2010
which revealed it had 79,678 subscribers.
• Cellular Mobile Telephone Service
The cellular mobile telephone services

have become an increasing trend with
489,335 subscribers in 2011 with 64,491
postpaid subscribers and 424,844 prepaid
subscribers, surpassing the local population.
The cellular mobile telephone service

was introduced in 1990 and was privatised
in 1995 when it was taken over by DST
Communications Sdn. Bhd. Today there
are two cellular mobile telephone service
providers – DST Communications Sdn. Bhd.
and BMobile Sdn. Bhd.
• Internet
In October 1995, the Department of

Telecommunications established BruNet
which enables connection the internet. The
internet services since then have been further
developed.
In 2011, there were 50,557 internet

subscribers with 23,746 people subscribed
to mobile broadband; 4,362 were dial-
88 89
Social Services
90 91
Social Services
T he Government of His Majesty The

Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei
Darussalam continues to ensure the welfare
15 health/maternal and child health clinics;
three traveling health clinics; and four flying
medical services.
of its citizens. Some of the measures taken
are by providing good health services and The flying medical team which makes
education to the citizens living in both urban visit on regular schedule provides primary
and rural areas with minimal cost, heavily health care to remote villages of the country.
subsidised housing schemes, and pensions For medical care not available in Brunei
and allowances for those eligible. Darussalam, citizens and those eligible are
sent overseas on government’s expenses.
Medical and Health
While the private health sector comprises
T here are four government-run hospitals

with one based in each district: Raja Isteri
Pengiran Anak Saleha Hospital (Brunei-
of three medical centres namely: Jerudong
Park Medical Centre (JPMC); the Gleneagles-
JPMC Centre and the Panaga Health Centre.
Muara District); Suri Seri Begawan Hospital
(Belait District); Pengiran Muda Mahkota Other government specialised medical
Pengiran Muda Haji Al-Muhtadee Billah centres are the National Cancer Centre and
Hospital (Tutong District); and Pengiran the National Stroke Rehabilitation Centre.
Isteri Hajah Mariam Hospital (Temburong Both are housed in JPMC.
District).
The health sector in 2011 comprised of
Community-based outpatient services 608 doctors; 95 dentists; 48 pharmacists;
and primary health care for mothers and 2628 nurses; and 510 midwives.
child is provided through a large network of
health clinics and health centres distributed The population per doctor was 647
throughout the country. Currently there are persons per doctor.
six hospitals (four government and two
private hospitals); 16 health centres (15 Statistics showed that the three major
government and one private health centres); cause of death in 2011 was Cancer (Malignant
Neoplasms) - 256 persons; followed by
heart diseases (183 persons); and Diabetes
Mellitus (116 persons). Other major causes
of death include Cerebrovascular Diseases;
Bronchitis, Chronic and unspecified
Emphysema and Asthma; Hypertensive
Diseases; Transport Accidents; Congenital
Malformations; Deformations and
Chromosomal Abnormalities; Septicaemia;
and other diseases.
Jerudong Park Medical Centre (JPMC).

92 93
To further promote awareness on the school/kindergarten; 43,769 in primary under Phase One had been completed and Social Welfare Services
importance of living a healthy lifestyle schools; 40,334 in secondary schools; 5,576 allocated to successful applicants in early
among the community, a Health Promotion
Centre (HPC) was established. Officially
in sixth form; 4,006 in technical/vocational
institutions; and 6,937 in universities.
1986.
Similar and other housing schemes

B eginning January 1, 1955, the Old
Age Pensions and Disable Act 1954
was introduced. The monthly provisions
opened in 2008, HPC offers a number of
interactive activities including exhibitions Literacy rate for aged 10 and above was were introduced since then which include of welfare, old age pensions and disability
suitable for all ages. 96.7 per cent with 97.7 per cent for male and the Landless Indigenous Citizens Housing allowance are not only maintained until
95.4 per cent for female. Scheme (STKRJ), Temporary Occupation today but have been expanded to include
Education License Land (TOL) Scheme, and Infill the less fortunate and those facing social
Scheme (IS). mishaps. Under this act, the elderly are given
T he government provides free education a monthly allowance of $250.

to all Brunei citizens who attend In 2011, more citizens were awarded with
government schools/educational institution. land grants and keys to their new homes. Besides the government, non-government
Text books; transport where necessary; and From the day it was introduced until today, organisations (NGOs) are also providing
accommodation in hostels for students from more than 7,000 houses have been built services to society.
rural areas are provided free to all citizens. through the National Housing Scheme.
Students who are not eligible for hostel
accommodation will get free transportation
to and from school. The government has a
Chancellor Hall of Universiti Brunei Darussalam.
school feeding system whereby meals are
given to rural schools and light meals to Housing
those in the urban areas.
In 2011, there were 255 educational V arious schemes have been introduced as
early as the 1950’s in providing all of the
institutions ranging from kindergarten to Brunei citizens with proper accommodation
university. In total there were 79 kindergarten/ in a pleasent environmnet.
primary/secondary schools; 119 pre-school/
primary schools; two Arab Preparatory; The resettlement programmes began
One of the many housing schemes introduced.
three Arab Preparatory/Arab Secondary; 35 as early as 1951 when the residents of
Secondary; 11 Technical/Vocational; and six Kampung Bendahara Lama of Kampung
universities. Ayer were resettled to Bunut Resettlement
Area in Mukim Kilanas of the Brunei-Muara
The total numbers of teachers were District.
10,730 with 687 for pre-school/kindergarten;
4,184 for primary schools; 4,548 secondary/ A nationwide survey was conducted
sixth form (pre-university) teachers; 621 in 1970’s to identify the people’s housing
technical/vocational teachers; and 690 as needs. Hence as a result, the first of many
university lecturers. housing schemes, the Lambak Kanan
National Housing Scheme in the Brunei-
Total numbers of students enrolled in Muara District was introduced covering a
2011 were 113,675 with 13,053 in pre- site of about 810 hectares where 84 houses
94 95
Mass Media
96 97
Mass Media
Radio Citizens are given more option with the

availability of Kristal-Astro Sdn. Bhd., a
R adio transmission in Brunei Darussalam private cable TV provider, which gives

goes back to May 1957 where extensive coverage of channels from news
programmes were transmitted only two and to sports.
a quarter hours each day.
Press
Today there are two radio networks
operating in the country. The government-
owned network has five channels T he Pelita Brunei is the government’s
official newspaper where it is published
broadcasting in Malay – Nasional FM, in Malay with three editions per week. It has a
Pelangi FM, Harmoni FM and Nur Islam. circulation of 22,000 copies. The newspaper
While those broadcasting in English, consists of local news, current affairs,
Mandarin and Gurkhali is Rangkaian Pilihan. religious issues, government advertising and
sports.
The only privately-owned radio network
is Kristal FM where its broadcast is a mixture The government also publishes a monthly
of Malay and English. English language newsletter called Brunei
Darussalam Newsletter. Designed especially
Radio Brunei launched its NetRadio for foreign readers, the newsletter was first
service to enable global listeners to listen to published in October 1985.
Radio Brunei on July 9, 2011.
There are three privately-owned
Television newspapers which are the Borneo Bulletin
and The Brunei Times published in English,
R adio Televisyen Brunei (RTB) is the and Media Permata published in Malay.
state-owned television network. It has
five channels – RTB 1 (focuses on news, Foreign daily newspapers, periodicals
educational documentaries, forum and and other publications are also available on
special event programmes); RTB 2 (focuses sale.
on entertainment, serial drama, movies and
live special event programmes); RTB 3 Brunei regularly receives visits from
(focuses on serial drama and documentaries foreign journalists and media organisations
with High Definition quality); RTB 4 to cover events and news items in the
(focuses on local dramas, documentaries country. The Department of Information is
and educational programmes, which are responsible for issuing press accreditation/
broadcast internationally); RTB 5 (focuses passes for practising journalists visiting the
on religious programmes and religious talk country.
shows).
98 99
International
Relations
100 101
International Relations
B runei Darussalam is a member of

the Association of South East Asian
Nations (ASEAN), Organisation of Islamic
Paris, Berlin, New Delhi, Tehran, Tokyo,
Amman, Seoul, Rabat, Muscat, Islamabad,
Doha, Moscow, Riyadh, Abu Dhabi, London,
Conference (OIC), the United Nations Washington and permanent representatives
(UN), the Commonwealth, the Non- to the UN in Geneva and New York, and set
Alignment Movement (NAM), World Trade up a Trade and Tourism Office in Taipei.
Organisation (WTO), Asia-Pacific Economic
Cooperation (APEC), and Asia-Europe Brunei Darussalam has also opened/
Meeting (ASEM). appointed consulate offices in Jeddah,
Sabah and Sarawak in East Malaysia and
Brunei Darussalam plays a leading Hongkong.
role in the economic zone known as
Brunei-Indonesia-Malaysia-Philippines- Diplomatic Missions in Brunei
East Asian Growth Area (BIMP-EAGA).
Since the resumption of independence, Countries that have diplomatic mission
Brunei Darussalam has been pursuing an in Brunei Darussalam are fellow members
active foreign policy designed to improve of ASEAN, Britain, the United States of
understanding and strengthen cultural, America, Australia, Japan, Republic of
religious and economic ties. Korea, The Federal Republic of Germany,
Canada, Pakistan, Bangladesh, France, The
It has diplomatic missions either embassies Sultanate of Oman, the People’s Republic of
or high commissions in all ASEAN capitals, China, India, Iran and Saudi Arabia. Some 69
as well as in Canberra, Manama in Bahrain, other countries have also officially accredited
Dhaka, Brussels, Ottawa, Beijing, Cairo, their ambassador to Brunei Darussalam.
ASEAN leaders and representative at the 22nd ASEAN Summit held in Bandar Seri Begawan.
102 103
Places of Interest
104 105
Places of Interest
Mosques
T here are two great mosques in Bandar

Seri Begawan. The first is located at
the city centre of Bandar Seri Begawan.
It is one of the most magnificent mosques
in Southeast Asia, which symbolises
Brunei’s perpetual adherence to Islam.
Completed in 1958, it is named after

the 28th Sultan of Brunei, Omar ‘Ali
Saifuddien, who is referred to as the Architect of Modern Brunei. The mosque features
classical Islamic architecture, and marble, gold mosaic and stained glass. It has a 52-metre
golden dome flanked by a 54-metre minaret. Linked to the mosque and built in the middle of
a lagoon, is a replica of a 16th century royal barge known as ‘Bahtera’.
The mosque is open for visitors from Saturday to Wednesday beginning 8.00 am to 12.00
noon, 1.30 pm to 3.00 pm and 4.00 pm to 5.30 pm. The mosque is closed for non-Muslim
on Thursdays and Fridays.
The second mosque is the Jame’ ‘Asr Hassanil Bolkiah, which provides a further
inspirational example of Islamic architecture in the capital. It was built in 1994 to commemorate
the 25th anniversary of the reign of the 29th Sultan, His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah
Mu’izzaddin Waddaulah.
The mosque, located midway between

the Bandar Seri Begawan town centre and
the rapidly developing growth centre of
Gadong, is a recent example of carefully
crafted Islamic design and symbolises
modern Brunei. Its gold-topped domes
tower over artfully landscaped garden and
fountains.
Visiting hours are from Saturday to

Wednesday beginning 8.00 am to 12.00 noon, 1.00 pm to 3.30 pm, 4.30 pm to 5.30 pm and
is closed to non-Muslims on Thursdays and Fridays.
106 107
Kampung Ayer Brunei Arts & Handicrafts Training
Centre
K ampung Ayer (Water Village) is centuries-old where it is the largest settlement area
based on water. It has six mukim namely Saba, Sungai Kedayan, Peramu, Burung Pingai
Ayer, Tamoi and Sungai Kebun. E stablished in 1975 with the objective
to preserve the skills of producing
local handicrafts, the centre until today
Kampung Ayer, the country’s historical attraction and the world’s largest water village has produced many graduates who
is home to more than 30,000 inhabitants. It is a place where houses on stilts were built on later are mostly involved in small-and-
Brunei River where the houses are joined by a maze of inter-connecting wooden walkways. medium enterprises (SMEs) mainly in
producing local handicrafts like kain
Modern facilities such as schools, clinics, police stations and mosque are provided for tenunan tradisional Brunei (weaved
residents who are living at Kampung Ayer. Water taxis are the most efficient and popular cloth), songkok (tradition headgear), and
means of transportation to travel across the Brunei River to the mainland. brass-making products. The centre has a gallery that displays various of handicrafts made by
the students where some exhibits are for sale.
Lapau and Dewan Majlis
Bubungan Dua Belas
A nother magnificent building within

Bandar Seri Begawan is the Royal
Ceremonial Hall and House of Parliament A lso known as House of Twelve
Roofs, it was built in 1906. It is one
locally known as the Lapau and Dewan of the oldest surviving buildings in Brunei
Majlis respectively. They form a sprawling based at Kota Batu. Located along Jalan
complex featuring a blend of traditional Residency, the building was formerly
Malay and western architecture. used as the residence for previous British
Residents and High Commissioners. It
The Lapau which contains the Patarana is now an exhibition gallery and offers a
(Throne) and where numerous solemn panoramic view overlooking the famous
ceremonies are held is beautifully decorated water village, Kampung Ayer.
in exquisite gold motifs. It was here on August 1, 1968 that His Majesty The Sultan and Yang
Historical and Artefacts
Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam was crowned the 29th ruler of Brunei Darussalam.
The Mausoleum of Sultan Bolkiah
T wo significant buildings that house historical findings and
artefacts; the Brunei Museum and the Malay Technology
T he mausoleum is situated at Jalan Kota

Batu facing the Brunei River. The
tomb of Sultan Bolkiah, the fifth Sultan of
Museum.
Situated along the river banks of Brunei River at Jalan

Brunei lies within the mausoleum. Sultan Kota Batu, the Brunei Museum showcases the origins of
Bolkiah was one of the greatest Sultans of Brunei’s culture and heritage. A walking distance away is the
Brunei, known as Nakhoda Ragam which Malay Technology Museum where it offers an insight into the
means ‘The Singing Captain’. During kind of tools ancient Bruneians used for their daily routine
his rule, Brunei’s sovereignty extended particularly for the cottage industry. The museum features
over the whole of the coastal kingdom goldsmith techniques, boat-making, fishing, brasssmith, and
of Borneo. The mausoleum, therefore, woodworks, as testaments to the ingenuity which earlier
commemorates the golden age of Brunei. generations utilised available materials and resources.
108 109
Istana Nurul Iman Kampong Ayer Cultural & Tourism
Gallery
T he Istana Nurul Iman is the largest

residential palace in the world and the
home of His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal T
he Kampong Ayer Cultural &
Tourism Gallery (KACTG) located
Bolkiah Mu’izzaddin Waddaulah, The just across from the downtown area of
Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Brunei’s capital, Bandar Seri Begawan
Darussalam. With its golden domes, vaulted was officially opened on August 19, 2009.
roof and riverside setting, the palace is a Offering tourists an attractive touch-screen
spectacular subject for photography. information display, five mini galleries
containing background information on
The palace is opened to the public during Hari Raya Aidilfitri or Eid Mubarak when the Kampung Ayer, as well as a number of
citizens and visitors have the opportunity to personally greet His Majesty and members of photographs and museum artefacts are showcased. Handicraft displays, live craft-making
the royal family. demonstrations, and a souvenir kiosk will allow visitors to bring back memories and
mementos of their Kampung Ayer experience. The KACTG is a new landmark for Bandar
Royal Regalia
Seri Begawan and a point of pride for Kampung Ayer residents.
T he Royal Regalia, strategically located in the

heart of Bandar Seri Begawan is a building
that was established to commemorate the
Health Promotion Centre
1992 Silver Jubilee of His Majesty The Sultan

and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam’s
L ocated about 10 minutes drive from
the capital, the centre was officially
opened by His Majesty The Sultan and
accession to the throne. The building houses
Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam on
ceremonial regalia including the royal chariot,
November 13, 2008. This centre consists
gold and silver ceremonial armoury, the
of modern exhibits that features health
traditional jewel-encrusted coronation crows
related items. Besides viewing the modern,
and a replica of the throne used by His Majesty
attractive and innovative exhibitions, interactive activities are also available.
on state occasions.
Gadong Night Market Oil and Gas Discovery Centre
T his market is opened daily from 6.00

pm until midnight. It offers various
types of cooked food ranging from local to
I t is located in Pekan Seria, Belait District
where it was set up by the Brunei Shell
Petroleum with an aim to educate the
western dishes at affordable prices. Also public on science, technology and the
available are fresh fruits and vegetables environment.
and some clothing items.
110 111
Tasek Merimbun Heritage Park Bukit Shahbandar Forest Recreational Park
L ocated in Tutong District, about

one hour and 15 minutes drive from
Bandar Seri Begawan, the park aims to
T his popular recreational park is located along the
Muara-Tutong Highway. It is set in a 70-hectare
of undulating landscape providing a challenge for
provide a safe haven for protected wildlife even the most dedicated joggers, hikers and bikers.
to breed, preserve flora and fauna and to An observation tower gives a bird’s eye view over
provide a base for scientific research and the whole terrain from this huge Bukit Shahbandar
study. For those interested in botany or Park. Located in Jerudong, the park has become
bird watching, there is a jungle trail to synonymous among sports lovers as it has nine hills
explore. The park was declared as one for adventurous hiking.
of the ASEAN National Heritage Sites on
November 29, 1984.
Ulu Temburong National Park
T his park is rich with unspoiled flora

and fauna. It can be reached by using
a long boat or locally known as Temuai. Beaches
At the park, one can enjoy strolling on the
extensive wooden boardwalk and witness
the fresh environment. Other excitements L ocated close to Bukit Shahbandar
Recreational Park are two beaches,
namely Tungku Beach and Jerudong
here are the canopy walk and the waterfall.
Beach. Besides these two beaches, the
other famous beaches are Muara and
Serasa Beach. These are popular beaches
and are well equipped with picnic
Taman Persiaran Damuan grounds, changing rooms, restrooms,
yacht activities and food stalls.
I t is situated next to the Istana Nurul Iman

where visitors can get the best view of
the palace. Because of the magnificent
Berakas Forestry Recreational Park
view of the palace, this park is one of

the popular places of interest in Brunei.
Taman Persiaran Damuan offers a scenic
I t is 199 hectares wide situated along the
Muara-Tutong Highway which is just 10
kilometres from Bandar Seri Begawan. Here
park along the riverbank off Jalan Tutong, you can witness the sun-dappled pathways
and it is a popular spot for joggers. Other meanders past sheltered picnic spots and
distinctive decorations are the six outdoor barbeque facilities towards the soaring
sculptures by ASEAN artists. observation tower, and the tang of salt air
hovers above the lush green keranga and
casuarina forests that tumble to the edge of
the nearby South China Sea.
112 113
114 115
Important Dates
To Remember
116 117
Important Dates To Remember
1841 Brunei ceded Sarawak to 1959 September 29, the

James Brooke. establishment of the first
written constitution.
1846 Brunei ceded Labuan to
Britain. 1961 May 31, formation of the
Royal Brunei
1847 Brunei and Britain signed Malay Regiment.
a treaty for the furtherance
of commercial relations and 1962 Armed rebellion put down.
the mutual suppression of
piracy. 1967 June 12, Brunei issued its
own currency.
1848 Brunei ceded the northern
portion of Borneo to a 1967 October 4, the voluntary
British Commercial abdication of the 28th
Syndicate. Sultan, Sultan Haji Omar
‘Ali Saifuddien
1888 Brunei became a British Sa’adul Khairi Waddien.
protected State.
1968 October 5, His Majesty
1906 Agreement between Brunei Sultan Haji
and Britain accepting the Hassanal Bolkiah
First British Resident. Mu’izzaddin Waddaulah
ascended the throne.
1913 Exploration of oil began.
1970 October 4, the state capital,
1929 Oil was struck at Seria. Brunei Town, was renamed
as Bandar Seri Begawan.
1941-45 Japanese occupation.
1971 November 23, the 1959
1950-67 Reign of Sultan Haji Omar Agreement was amended
‘Ali Saifuddien Sa’adul and brought up-to-date.
Khairi Waddien.
1973 April 4, official opening of
1953 The blueprint for the first one of the world’s largest
National Development Plan LNG plants at Lumut in
was drawn. Belait District.
1974 Brunei International Airport

opened.
118 119
1975 May 14, the launch of Royal 1992 October 5, Silver Jubilee of 2004 September 25, the State 2007 August 1, capital of Brunei
Brunei Airlines reign of His Majesty Legislative Council was Darussalam, Bandar Seri
Sultan Haji Hassanal reopened. Begawan was expanded from
1979 May 7, Brunei and Bolkiah Mu’izzaddin 12.87 sq. km to 100.35 sq. km.
Britain signed the Waddaulah, The Sultan 2004 September 29 the
Treaty of Friendship and and Yang Di-Pertuan of amendment of Brunei’s 2007 Brunei begun to observe
Cooperation Brunei Darussalam. Written Constitution Energy Day every 24th May.

1984 Brunei became sixth member 1998 August 10, proclamation 2005 July 7, two local banks 2007 October 5, Brunei celebrates
of ASEAN (7th January), of His Royal Highess – Islamic Bank of Brunei the 40th anniversary of His
OIC (16th January) and Prince Haji Al-Muhtadee and Islamic Development Majesty The Sultan and
the United Nations Billah as the Crown Prince. Bank of Brunei were Di-Pertuan of Brunei
(21st September). merged. Darussalam’s ascension to
1999 August 7 - 15, Brunei hosted the throne.
1984 February 23, Brunei the 20th Southeast Asian 2005 August 1, the Ministry of
celebrated its first National (SEA) Games. Foreign Affairs renamed as 2007 November 24, Compulsory
Day Ministry of Foreign Affairs Education Order 2007 was
2000 Brunei Darussalam hosted and Trade. introduced.
1985 October 28, Universiti Brunei the Asia-Pacific Economic
Darussalam intake of 176 Cooperation (APEC) 2005 September 2, the 2004 2007 $9.5 billion allocated for
students. Meeting. legislative was dissolved National Development Plan
and new membership was 2007-2012.
1986 The demise of Sultan Haji 2001 November 1 - 6, Brunei introduced comprising
Omar ‘Ali Saifuddien Darussalam hosted the of 29 members. 2008 May 5, Brunei became the
Sa’adul Khairi Waddien, His Seventh ASEAN Summit. fourth member of ASEAN to
Majesty, the 28th Sultan. 2006 January 31, Bank Islam use biometric passport.
2001 November 5, Brunei Brunei Darussalam (BIBD)
1989 The first convocation of National Petroleum took into effect. 2008 May 21, the authority
Universiti Brunei Darussalam Company for Broadcasting Act
(PETROLEUM Brunei) – 2006 March 14, the nation’s first (Chapter 180) was
1990 The first Al-Hafiz of Brunei Brunei’s national oil Islamic bond known as transferred to the Ministry of
Darussalam was produced. company was officially Sukuk Al-Ijarah was Communications.
established. launched.
1991 The setting up of the Brunei . 2008 July 7, the government’s
Islamic Trust Fund (TAIB). 2004 The Royal Wedding between 2007 Brunei became the 180th official newspaper, Pelita
His Royal Highness Prince member of the International Brunei became available o
1992 Brunei joined Non-Aligned Haji Al-Muhtadee Billah, Labour Organisation. online daily.
Movements (NAM). The Crown Prince and Her
Royal Highness Paduka Seri
Pengiran Anak Isteri
Pengiran Anak Sarah.
120 121
2008 September 26, Omar 2011 January 1, Autoriti
`Ali Saifuddien Mosque Monetari Brunei Darussalam
celebrated its golden jubilee. takes into effect.
2009 February 23, Brunei 2011 The Currency

celebrated its Silver Jubilee Interchangeability
National Day. Agreement between the
Government of His Majesty
2009 July 14, mandatory The Sultan and Yang Di-
retirement age has been Pertuan of Brunei
extended from 55 to 60 years Darussalam and the
old. Government of Singapore
remain intact.
2009 August 3, the first
harvesting of Brunei’s ‘Beras 2011 January 1, Deposit
Laila’. Protection Order, 2010 was
introduced.
2010 January 4, the
Supplementary Contributory 2012 A budget of $6.5 billion has
Scheme (SCP) was been allocated for National
introduced. Development Plan 2012 –
2017.
2010 May 25, Brunei’s first
methanol plant was officially
launched.
2010 May 29, new ministerial

cabinet line-up for 2010 –
2015 was announced.
2010 November 25, the Royal

Brunei Armed Forces Staff
College formally opened.
2011 January 1, maternity leave

has been extended from 56
to 105 days.
122 123
Tourist Information
124 125
Tourist Information
Passport and Visa Requirements
A ll persons entering Brunei Darussalam must possess valid passports or travel documents
recognised by the Government of Brunei Darussalam. The passport must have a validity
of six months before expiry when entering the country.
As required by the Brunei Passport Act, all foreign nationals need a valid visa to enter
Brunei Darussalam. However, the following countries stated below are exempted from the
requirement for social, business or professional visits for certain number of days:
Cambodia, Canada, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Liechtenstein, Maldives, Myanmar, Norway,

People’s Republic of China, The Philippines, Peru, Qatar, Switzerland, Thailand, Ukraine,
Vietnam – 14 days.
Australia, Austria, Bahrain, Belgium, Czech Republic, Cyprus, Denmark, Estonia,

Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Kuwait, Italy, Iran, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania,
Malta, Malaysia, New Zealand, The Netherlands, Oman, Poland, Portugal, Singapore,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, South Korea, Sweden, United Kingdom, United Arab Emirates
– 30 days.
United States – 90 days.
All transit pass is issued for all countries for a stay up to 72 hours only, provided they have
assurance (ticket) of travelling to another destination, and a sponsorship letter or guarantor
from the airlines.
For further information and clarification, please contact:
Department of Immigration and National Registration Headquarters

Ministry of Home Affairs, Jalan Menteri Besar
Bandar Seri Begawan
Brunei Darussalam BB3910
Tel: (673) 238 3106

Fax: (673) 238 0222
Website: www.immigration.gov.bn
126 127
Where to stay
LeGallery Suites Hotel
The Empire Hotel and Country Club Km 2.5, Jalan Tutong
Jerudong BG3122 P.O Box 344, Seri Complex
Telephone: (+673) 241 8888 Bandar Seri Begawan BA1799
Fax: (+673) 241 8999 Telephone: (+673) 222 1228
E-mail: [email protected] Fax: (+673) 222 1132
Website: www.theempirehotel.com E-mail: [email protected]
Website: www.legallerysuiteshotel.com
The Rizqun International Hotel
The Mall, Abdul Razak Complex, Kiulap Plaza Hotel
Gadong, Bandar Seri Begawan, Be3519 Lot 57046, Kg. Kiulap
Telephone: (+673) 242 3000 Bandar Seri Begawan
Fax: (+673) 242 8000 Telephone: (+673) 223 2251/2
Website: www.rizquninternational.com E-mail: [email protected]
Website: www.kiulap-plaza-hotel.com
Radisson Hotel
Jalan Tasek Jubilee Hotel
Bandar Seri Begawan Jubilee Plaza, Jalan Kg. Kianggeh
Telephone: (+673) 224 4272 Bandar Seri Begawan
Fax: (+673) 222 1579 Telephone: (+673) 222 8070
Website: www.radisson.com/brunei E-mail: [email protected] / [email protected]
Website: www.jubileehotelbrunei.com
Orchid Garden Hotel
Lot 31954, Simpang 9, Grand City Hotel
Kg. Anggerek Desa Kg. Beribi, Gadong
Jalan Berakas BB3713 Bandar Seri Begawan
Telephone: (+673) 233 5544 Telephone: (+673) 245 2188
Fax: (+673) 233 5444 Fax: (+673) 245 2110
E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected]
Website: www.orchidgardenbrunei.com
Times Hotel
The Centrepoint Hotel 2nd Floor, Times Square Shopping Centre
Abdul Razak Complex Simpang 13-29, Jalan Berakas
Gadong BE3519 Kg. Jaya Setia, Mukim Berakas ‘A’
Bandar Seri Begawan Telephone: (+673) 233 7878
Telephone: (+673) 243 0430 Fax: (+673) 233 7879
Fax: (+673) 243 0200 E-mail: [email protected]
E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.timeshotelbrunei.com
Website: www.thecentrepointhotel.com
128 129
Riverview Hotel
Km 1, Jalan Gadong
Bandar Seri Begawan
Telephone: (+673) 223 8238
Fax: (+673) 223 7999
Website: www.riverviewhotel-brunei.com
Where to Eat
The Brunei Hotel
95, Jalan Pemancha,
Bandar Seri Begawan BS8811
P.O Box 50, Bandar Seri Begawan, BS 8670
T here are many restaurants and cafes in the capital and in all major towns. Many are
first class and generally serve Asian and European dishes. Varieties of local cuisines
are available at the tamu (open-air market) which is open in the evening opposite Radisson
Telephone: (+673) 2244 828 Hotel or outdoor market located opposite the Gadong Market.
E-mail: [email protected] / [email protected]
Website: www.thebruneihotel.com For a more international flavor, there are always McDonalds, Pizza Hut, KFC, Sugar Bun,
Jollibee, Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf, and Gloria Jeans Coffees.
Traders Inn
Block D, Lot 11620 Public Holidays
Jalan Gadong
Bandar Seri Begawan New Year
Telephone: (+673) 244 2828 Chinese New Year
Fax: (+673) 243 1188 National Day
E-mail: [email protected] Israk Mikraj (anniversary of the Prophet’s journey to heaven)
Website: www.tradersinn-bn.com First Day of Ramadhan (fasting month)
Nuzul Al-Quran (anniversary of the revelation of the holy Al-Quran)
Hotel Sentosa (Belait District) Hari Raya Aidilfitri (festival celebrated after the fasting month)
92-93, Jalan McKerron Hari Raya Aidiladha (Festival of the Sacrifice)
P.O Box 252, Kuala Belait KA1189 Royal Brunei Armed Forces Anniversary
Telephone: (+673) 333 4341/2 or 333 1345/7 Hari Raya Aidiladha
Fax: (+673) 333 1129 First day of Hijrah (Islamic calendar)
E-mail: [email protected] Maulidul Rasul (Prophet Muhammad’s birthday)
Website: www.bruneisentosahotel.com Christmas
Sea View Resort Hotel & Apartment (Belait District)

Lot 3678, Km 2.6, Jalan Maulana
P.O Box 127
Kuala Belait KA 1139
Telephone: (+673) 333 2651/55, 333 4901/05
Fax: (+673) 334 2770
E-mail: [email protected]
130 131
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His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu’izzaddin Waddaulah

Muhammad Arif bin Morni

Location : Northwest of the Island of Borneo, between latitudes

Land area : 5,765sq.km.

Highest point : 1.841 metres above sea level (Bukit Pagon)

Climate : Temperature ranges between 23.10C and

Population : 399, 800 (2012 est)

Official religion : Islam

Official language : Malay but English is widely spoken

Currency : Brunei Dollar which is on par with Singapore Dollar

GDP : $10,140.8 million at current prices (*H1/2012 est)

Labour force : 190,200 (2012 est)

Literacy rate : 96.7 per cent (aged 10 and above)

Main industry : Oil and gas

Mobile phone subscribers : 454,297 (*H1/2012 est)

Internet subscribers : Broadband - 50,004 (*H1/2012 est)

*H1/2012 - First half of year 2012

B efore the advent of Islam, Brunei

during the reigns of the fifth ruler, Sultan

H is Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah

Besides being the Sultan, His Majesty is

A ugust 10, 1998 a date corresponding

On September 4, 2006, during the 18th

In 2011, His Royal Highness was installed

T he Brunei Darussalam state flag in

The crest consists of:

The crest comprises of the following: -

Below is the lyric of the National Anthem;

Allah Peliharakan Sultan

Ya Allah lanjutkanlah usia

The National Anthem can be translated thus:

Allah Bless His Majesty

Location Physical Features

B runei Darussalam is situated on the

L ike its neighbours, Brunei Darussalam

B runei Darussalam has four administrative

T he first half of 2012 showed that the

A trainee at the Brunei Arts and Handicraft,

B runei Darussalam is an independent and sovereign nation-state which is governed on

The 1959 Constitution

T he constitution of Brunei provides for a

Yang Berhormat Yang Berhormat

Yang Mulia Yang Mulia Yang Mulia

A part from depending on the revenue

will also be intensified for the development

B runei Darussalam’s Growth Domestic Oil and Gas Industry

In the same period, the oil price was at

I mports by commodity section in first half

Logging in Brunei Darussalam is confined

A unique fauna found in Brunei Darussalam.

A griculture remains an important sector

Rice Production The fruits grown in Brunei Darussalam

V egetables production continues to hold

Fruits Production • Livestock Production

I n 2011, the fruits industry was valued at

• Poultry Layer Production

Agriculture production data shows that

F ishery is one of the sustainable sectors