Pertemuan 2 - 2 Dinamika Pengembangan Masyarakat

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DASAR DAN DINAMIKA

PENGEMBANGAN MASYARAKAT
PENGEMBANGAN MASYARAKAT, PENYULUHAN
PERTANIAN DAN PEMBERDAYAAN

Pengembangan Masyarakat
(Community Development)

Outreach
Mechanism

Agriculture
Empowerment
Extension

Communication Education Fungsi dari:


(Disseminastion) (Diffusion-Adoption) Otoritas, Sumberdaya,
(Eropa) (Amerika) Informasi,
dan Akuntabilitas

Definisi, Proses, Definisi, Proses, Definisi, Proses,


Dan Falsafah Dan Falsafah Dan Falsafah
Pengembangan Masyarakat dalam
Konteks Pembangunan Daerah
• Tingginya ketergantungan pembangunan daerah
kepada pusat dapat menghilangkan kemandirian
daerah
• Pembangunan daerah memerlukan importation
of energy dari masyarakat
• Mengembangkan potensi yang ada di masyarakat
pada tingkat lokal dan komunitas akan sangat
berarti dan dapat menjadi basis pertumbuhan
dalam aktivitas pembangunan daerah
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND BUSINESS:
Business Evolution toward Sustainability

Diadaptasi dari Fajar (2006)


COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND BUSINESS:
CSR : The Triple Bottom-line Approach
Brand Equity
Improving the Quality of Life
Synchronizing
Triple bottom line for
Sustainable Development

Adding Harmonizing Building Social


Economic Value Environmental Factors Capital in the Community

ENERGY
HEALTH ,
MANAGEMENT
INCOME EDUCATION
NR MANAGEMENT
GENERATION &
ENVIRONMENT
INFRASTRUCTURE
CONSERVATION
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND BUSINESS:
Convergence of Interests
Pure Philanthropy

Social Benefits

Combined Social
and
Economic benefits

Pure Business
Economic Benefits
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND BUSINESS:
Goals of Corporate Investment
As expectations on return on CSR investment increase, companies tend to gravitate
towards transformational partnerships that leverage core business.
Goal Activity
Doing good

 Improve image at community,  Engage in times of disaster


Grants/
GIK

national and employee levels  Donate cash / goods


 Fund programs around operations

Philanthropy

 Heighten employee morale and skills  Support community projects and


Partnerships
Capabilities

 Contribute as a business to social voluntary work, offer expertise,


Social Investment goals technologies and social marketing
 core skills, resources

 Reach new markets & revenue streams  Develop pro-poor products,


through new products / services services and supply chains, and
Commercial Initiatives
Transformational

 Increase consumer loyalty inclusive business models


Doing business

Partnerships

 Comply with regulations  Local supplier enterprise development


 Meet requirements for ‘local content’  Ethical supply (e.g. human rights/ labor
Core Business
 Ensure sustainability in supply and policy)
distribution
7 Size of Investment Source: World Vision
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND BUSINESS:
Corporate Social Responsibility
• The World Business Council for Sustainable Development
"Corporate Social Responsibility “is the continuing commitment by business to behave ethically and
contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their
families as well as of the local community and society at large.

• The World Bank Group


“Is the commitment of business to contribute to sustainable economic development working with
employees and their representatives, their families, the local community and society at large to improve
quality of life, in ways that are both good for business and good for development”

• Indonesian Business Link


“CSR is a concept whereby companies integrate social and environmental concerns in their business
operations and in their interaction with their stakeholders on a voluntary basis

• CEO Forum on CSR in Indonesia


“The concept of CSR goes beyond philanthropy and paying taxes, it is about investing in sustainable
development and the empowerment of communities. It is not only about external stakeholders but
actively involves the internal stakeholders as well.”
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND BUSINESS:
Why CSR?
• Government’s Regulation
– Bill passed on July 20, 2007 as Limited Liabilities Companies Act No.
40, Article 74:
1. A Limited Liability Company is obligated to conduct corporate
social responsibility and environmental responsibility
2. Corporate social and environmental responsibility is an
obligation for Limited Liability Companies, which is budgeted
and calculated as cost or expense for Limited Liability Company
3. A Limited Liability Company that does not carry out the
obligation shall be sanctioned according to regulations
• Building and Enhancing Corporate Image
– In 2006, 12 companies issued stand-alone sustainability CSR reports
to their annual financial reports

• Company’s Culture

• Crisis Management
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND BUSINESS:
Jebakan Aktivitas CSR Perusahaan

 No free lunch: image and reputation, jika


mungkin dampak langsung untuk bisnis
 Avoid conflict: cenderung akomodatif dan
“mengumbar” janji
 Find the easiest way: mengalokasikan
uang/anggaran atau memberi philanthropy
 Quick result: ditujukan kepada pengembangan
ekonomi individu, bukan community
 Hanya melaporkan successful story
 Hit and run
Key Actors of CSR
Agents

Private
Sector

Watchdogs
Civil
Society CSR Government Law makers

Communities

Owners
Pergeseran Makna Partisipasi dalam CSR (Dari
community participation ke stakeholder participation)

Kebijakan 2
Program CSR
1 Partisipasi
CSR

Partisipasi
Partisipasi

Swadaya 1 Pemerintah
Respon Masyarakat
Masyarakat
Masyarakat 2
Perusahaan
Community Stakeholder
Participation Participation
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND BUSINESS:
Spectrum of CSR
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND BUSINESS:
ISO 26000 (Corporate Social Responsibility)
Stakeholder Engagement

7 Principles of Social Responsibility


(1) Accountable for its impact on society and the environment; (2) transparent in its decision
and activities that impact; (3) behave ethically at all times; (4) respect and consider the
interesets of its stakeholders; (5) respect the rule of law; (6) recognize both the importance and
the universality of human rights; (7) respect relevant international norms where these norms
are superior to national law and practice
Core Issues

Organizational Fair Operating Consumer Sos & Ec


Human Rights Labor Practices Environment
Governance Practices Issues Development

Implementing Social Responsibility


Understanding

Working with
Enhancing Credibility
Implementing Stakeholders
Social Responsibility
Assesing Integrating

Communicating Implementing

Stakeholder Engagement
Diadaptasi dari Prasetijo (2010)

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