Classifying Hot-Mix Recycling Agents: Standard Practice For

Designation: D 4552 – 92 (Reapproved 1999)
Standard Practice for

Classifying Hot-Mix Recycling Agents1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4552; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope for Use in Pavement Construction2

1.1 This practice covers a standardized method whereby 3. Significance and Use
petroleum product additives to be used in hot recycling of
asphalt concrete can be identified. The products are classified 3.1 Recycling of deteriorated asphalt pavements is being
by viscosity in centistokes measured at 140°F (60°C). This used with increasing frequency for its economy and benefit of
practice does not apply to emulsified materials. conserving raw materials. The objective of recycling is to reuse
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the the two ingredients of asphalt concrete-aggregate and asphalt
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the and to restore the desired properties to the mixture. Recycling
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- is carried out hot or cold, depending on the condition of the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- deteriorated pavement, construction procedure, availability of
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. equipment, and cost. This practice is for classifying recycling
agents to be used in hot recycling.
2. Referenced Documents
4. Classification
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 70 Test Method for Specific Gravity and Density of 4.1 This practice describes recycling agents (RA) as belong-
Semi-Solid Bituminous Materials2 ing to one of the following six groups: RA 1, RA 5, RA 25, RA
D 92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland 75, RA 250, or RA 500, as shown in Table 1. The viscosity
Open Cup3 ranges are designed to avoid overlap and to provide sufficient
D 140 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Materials2 flexibility to satisfy a wide range of mix proportions. Other
D 946 Specification for Penetration-Graded Asphalt Ce- properties specified include flash point (handling), weight
ment for Use in Pavement Construction2 percent of saturates (compatibility), selected properties of the
D 1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific RTF or TF oven residue (durability), and specific gravity.
Gravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid 4.2 The choice of RA grade will depend on the amount and
Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method3 hardness of the asphalt in the aged pavement. In general, the
D 1754 Test Method for Effect of Heat and Air on Asphaltic lower viscosity RA types can be used to restore aged asphalts
Materials (Thin-Film Oven Test)2 of high viscosity and vice versa. Additionally, grades RA 1, RA
D 2007 Test Method for Characteristic Groups in Rubber 5, RA 25, and RA 75 will generally be most appropriate for
Extender and Processing Oils by the Clay Gel Adsorption hot-mix recycling of salvaged asphalt concrete when no more
Chromatographic Method4 than 30 % virgin aggregate is added, while grades RA 250 and
D 2170 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Asphalts RA 500 will generally be most appropriate when more than
(Bitumens)2 30 % virgin aggregate is incorporated into the mix.
D 2171 Test Method for Viscosity of Asphalts by Vacuum 5. Physical Properties
Capillary Viscometer2
D 2872 Test Method for Effect of Heat and Air on a Moving 5.1 All recycling agents must be homogeneous, free-
Film of Asphalt (Rolling Thin-Film Oven Test)2 flowing at pumping temperature, and must conform to the
D 3381 Specification for Viscosity-Graded Asphalt Cement requirements shown in Table 1.
5.2 The final acceptance of recycling agents meeting the
requirements shown in Table 1 is subject to the compliance of
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-4 on Road and the reconstituted asphalt blends with current asphalt specifica-
Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.40 on tions.
Asphalt Specifications.
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 1992. Published May 1992. Originally 6. Sampling
published as D 4552 – 86. Last previous edition D 4552 – 86.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.03. 6.1 All sampling shall be carried out in accordance with
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01. Practice D 140.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
D 4552
TABLE 1 Physical Properties of Hot-Mix Recycling Agents
NOTE 1—Compliance requires the asphalt be extracted from the pavement to be recycled and combined with the recycling agent being tested. This
combination should be in accordance with ratio of recycling agent to recovered asphalt used in the mix. The resulting mixture must meet all specifications
for the appropriate grade within Specification D 946 or Table 1, 2 or 3 of Specification D 3381.
ASTM RA 1 RA 5 RA 25 RA 75 RA 250 RA 500
Test Test
Method Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max
Viscosity • 140°F, D 2170 50 175 176 900 901 4500 4501 12500 12501 37500 37501 60000
cSt or
D 2171
Flash Point,COC,F D 92 425 ... 425 ... 425 ... 425 ... 425 ... 425 ...
Saturates,wt,% D 2007 ... 30 ... 30 ... 30 ... 30 ... 30 ... 30
Tests on Residue D 2872
from RTFO or or
TFO oven D 1754
325°F
Viscosity RatioA “ ... 3 ... 3 ... 3 ... 3 ... 3 ... 3
Wt Change,6,% “ ... 4 ... 4 ... 3 ... 3 ... 3 ... 3
Specific Gravity D 70 Report Report Report Report Report Report
or
D 1298
Viscosity of Residue from RTFO or TFO Oven Test · 140°F,cST
A
Viscosity Ratio 5 Original Viscosity · 140°F,cSt
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Classifying Hot-Mix Recycling Agents: Standard Practice For

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Classifying Hot-Mix Recycling Agents: Standard Practice For

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Designation: D 4552 – 92 (Reapproved 1999)

Standard Practice for

1. Scope for Use in Pavement Construction2

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