Year 7 KS3 Science Year Booklet: Includes
Year 7 KS3 Science Year Booklet: Includes
Year 7 KS3 Science Year Booklet: Includes
Year Booklet
Includes:
Home-learning Tasks
Revision Questions
Content Checklists
Name:______________________
Tutor Group:_______
Science Group:_________
1
Contents:
Pg: 4 - 9 7B1: Cells
Pg 59 - 66 7P3: Light
2
FAQs.
How many home-learning tasks will I need to do?
One a week, which should cover 3 tasks per unit.
3
7B1: Cells
Textbook pages 14-25
4
7B1: Home-Learning Tasks:
Task Regular Challenge Completed?
Number
1. Describe what these parts of a cell do: a) A nucleus b) Cell membrane c) Chloroplast
2. Draw and label a diagram of a sperm cell. Explain how its streamlined head and tail helps the
sperm cell
3. Draw and label a diagram of an egg cell (Ovum). Explain how its streamlined head and tail helps the
sperm cell
4. Describe what diffusion is. Give an example of it
5
7B1: Revision Questions:
Question Answer
1. What are all living organisms made up Cells
from?
2. Who was the first person so look down Robert Hooke
a microscope?
3. What does “making an observation” Looking carefully and in detail at an object
mean?
4. Name the 7 parts of a microscope Eyepiece, objective lens, stage, slide, fine focussing
wheel, coarse focussing wheel, light
5. How do you calculate total Total magnification = eyepiece lens magnification x
magnification when looking down a objective lens magnification
microscope?
6. Name the four parts of an animal cell Cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondrion
7. Name the seven parts of a plant cell Chloroplast, vacuole, cytoplasm, mitochondrion, cell
wall, cell membrane, nucleus
8. Which part of the cell controls the Nucleus
cell and contains the genetic
information?
9. What happens in the mitochondria Respiration
10. What happens in the chloroplasts Photosynthesis
11. What happens in the cytoplasm Cell reactions
12. What does the cell membrane do? Controls substances entering and leaving the cell
13. What are specialised cells? Cells that have become specially adapted to do a
certain job
14. How is a nerve cell adapted to do its It is long and thin and has connections at both ends
job? to pass messages onto other nerve cells
15. How are red blood cells adapted to do They have a disk like shape to increase their surface
their job? area so they can carry more oxygen
16. How are sperm cells adapted to do They have a tail to help them swim. They have lots of
their job? mitochondria to give them enough energy.
17. How are leaf cells adapted to do their They have lots of chloroplasts in them to absorb
job? sunlight.
18. How are root hair cells adapted to do They have a large surface area to absorb water and
their job? nutrients. They do not have chloroplasts in them as
they are found underground so no photosynthesis can
take place
19. What substances are needed for Glucose and oxygen
respiration?
20. What is diffusion? When particles move from a place where there is a
high concentration of them to a place where there is
a low concentration of them.
6
21. Why do plants wilt? When a plant has not been watered there is not much
water in each cell. Normally the vacuole is full and
this pushes each cell outwards and makes the plant
stand upright. If there is not much water then the
vacuole shrinks and the plants wilt.
22. What is a unicellular organism? A organism made up from only one cell
23. How do Amoebas reproduce? By binary fission (they split into two new cells)
24. How does a Euglena move about? Using a tail called a flagellum
25. How does an Amoeba eat? They eat algae, bacteria and plant cells. They
surround tiny particles of food engulf these particles
into a food vacuole.
26. How does a Euglena eat? Euglenas contain chloroplasts so they can make their
own food by photosynthesis. If there is not enough
light then they can eat other microorganisms my
engulfing them.
7
7B1: Checklist:
Topic Page Spec points Understanding Revised RP
8
I can explain why plants wilt in
terms of cell structure
I can describe what osmosis is
1.5 22- Unicellular Organisms:
23 I can identify the structural
adaptations of some unicellular
organisms
I can describe what a unicellular
organism is
I can describe the structure of
amoeba and euglena
I can explain how adaptations
help unicellular organisms
function
I can explain how unicellular
organisms eat and reproduce
9
7C1: Particles and
their Behaviour
Textbook pages 60-75
10
7C1: Home-Learning Tasks:
Task Regular Challenge Completed?
Number
Draw on graph paper the cooling Research and then explain why the
2
curve of steric acid when it temperature remains constant when
freezes. Label on the diagram when a change of state occurs.
a change of stare occurs.
11
7C1: Revision Questions:
Question Answer
What are materials made of? Particles
What is a mixture? A mixture is made of different types of particles
What do the properties of a substance The particles
depend on?
What are three states of matter? Solid, liquid, gas
What are the properties of a solid? Uncompressible, doesn’t flow, fixed shape
What are the properties of a liquid? Uncompressible, does flow, takes the shape of its
container
What are the properties of a gas? Compressible, does flow, fills its container
Describe the structure of a solid Touching their neighbours, in a regular pattern,
vibrate in place, don’t move around
Describe the structure of a liquid Touching neighbours with gaps, may move around
Describe the structure of a gas Not touching neighbours, moving constantly
What are the solid/liquid state changes? Melting and freezing
Describe what happens to the particles as ice They gain energy and vibrate faster, they move out
melts of their places so the ice melts
What is a melting point? The temperature at which a substance melts
How can a melting point tell us about the Each substance has a specific melting point
identity of a substance?
How can a melting point tell us about the A pure substance has a sharp melting point
purity of a substance?
What is boiling? The state change from liquid to gas
What is the boiling point? The temperature at which a liquid boils
How can a boiling point tell us about the Each substance has a specific boiling point
identity of a substance?
What is evaporation? Changing from liquid to gas without boiling
When might evaporation be useful? Sweating to cool down
What is condensation? State change from gas to liquid
What is sublimation? State change from solid to gas without going to liquid
What is diffusion? The random movement of particles through air or
liquid to spread out.
What factors affect diffusion speed? Temperature, particle size, state of the diffusing
substance
What causes pressure? Particles colliding with the container wall
How does the number of particles affect More particles = more collisions =higher pressure
pressure?
How does temperature affect pressure? Higher temperature = more energy = faster particles
= more collisions = higher pressure
12
7C1: Checklist:
Topic Page Spec points Understanding Revised RP
13
I can explain changes of states of
matter with reference to energy
levels of particles
I can describe changes of states
with reference to energy changes
I can describe how to
measure the boiling point of a
substance
I can predict the state of a
substance at a certain
temperature using the boiling
and melting point
1.5 68- Changes of State:
69 I can describe what is meant
by evaporation, sublimation
and condensation
I can explain what happens in
evaporation, sublimation and
condensation in terms of
particles and energy
I can explain how evaporation
is useful
1.6 70- Diffusion:
71 I can state that particles may
move through a fluid by diffusion
I can describe diffusion in terms
of the particle model
I can explain how diffusion
happens in terms of the particle
model
I can suggest how the rate of
diffusion may be affected
1.7 72- Gas Pressure:
73 I can describe how pressure
occurs in gases
I can explain how pressure in
gases may change
14
7P4: Space
Textbook pages 148-157
15
7P4: Home-Learning Tasks:
Research Project:
You need to use the internet, class text books or from any information provided
to research answers to the following:
Regular:
Describe how the Moon was formed and explain what evidence we have for
this
Describe the difference between a meteor and a meteorite. Explain the
consequences of a meteorite colliding with Earth
Describe how we explore space through landers, probes and rovers
Describe what an asteroid is and what an asteroid belt is
Challenge:
16
7P4: Revision Questions:
Question Answer
1. What is an artificial satellite? A manmade satellite
2. What does orbit mean? The path taken by one body in space as it moves
around another body
3. How do we see the moon? (It is non-luminous). Light reflects off it from the
Sun
4. What is a comet? What is it made from? It is a body made up of ice and rock that orbits the
Sun (in an elliptical orbit)
5. What are asteroids? Lumps of rock orbiting the Sun left over from when
the Solar system was formed
6. What is the difference between a meteor A meteor is a rock that burns up in our atmosphere. A
and a meteorite? meteorite is a rock that collides with Earth.
7. How does an asteroid become a meteor? The asteroids collide into each other, knocking them
out of orbit. They then start moving towards planets
8. What is a star? A large ball of gas that emits light and heat in space
9. What is a galaxy? A large collection of stars and Solar systems
10. What is the universe? Everything that exists
11. What is the shape of a planet’s orbit? An ellipse
12. What is an ellipse? A squashed circle (an oval)
13. What is the order of the planets, starting Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn,
from the closest to the Sun? Uranus, Neptune
14. What are the 4 terrestrial planets? Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars
15. Which planets are the gas giants? Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
16. Between which two planets is the asteroid Mars and Jupiter
belt?
17. What is a dwarf planet? Give an example A small lump of rock that orbits the Sun. Pluto.
18. How did the universe form?
19. Describe the motion of the Earth It rotates on its axis
20. At what angle does the Earth tilt on its 23.4˚
axis
21. What is a year? How long is Earth’s? Time taken for a planet to orbit the Sun: 365.25 days
22. What is a day? How long is Earth’s? Time taken for a planet to make one complete
rotation: 24 hours
23. What are the 4 different seasons? Winter, spring, summer, autumn
24. What causes summer? When that part of the Earth is tilted towards the
Sun (as the sun is concentrated on a smaller area)
25. What causes winter? When that part of the Earth is tilted away the Sun
(as the sun is spread out over a larger area)
26. What is a constellation? A collection of stars that makes a pattern
27. Why does the moon look different at Its position around the Earth changes. It creates a
different times of the month? shadow on part of the Moon
17
28. What is meant by the different phases of The changing shapes of the Moon
the moon?
29. What is a lunar month? The time taken for the Moon to orbit the Earth
(around 28 days)
30. What is a solar eclipse? An eclipse where the moon comes between the Sun
and the Earth
31. What is a lunar eclipse? An eclipse that happens when the Earth comes
between the Sun and the Moon
32. What is an umbra? The area of total shadow behind an opaque object
where no light has reached
33. What is a penumbra? The area of blurred shadow around the edge of the
umbra
34. What is a satellite? A body that orbits another body
35. Give an example of a natural satellite The Moon
18
7P4: Checklist:
Topic Page Spec points Understanding Revised RP
19
leap year, with reference to the
fact that an earth year is actually
365.25 days
I can explain how the different
seasons occur in the northern
hemisphere, with reference to the
tilt of the Earth and proximity to
the Sun
I can apply knowledge of the
seasons in the northern
hemisphere to explain why the
southern hemisphere experiences
seasons differently
4.4 154- The Moon:
155 I can state that on Earth, a lunar
month is 28 days
I can describe what a Solar and
Lunar eclipse is
I can explain what causes Solar
and Lunar eclipses
I can describe what an umbra
and penumbra are
I can explain why we see
different phases of the Moon.
I can explain why we only see
one side of the Moon from the
Earth
20
7B2: Structure &
Function of Body
Systems
Textbook pages 26-39
21
7B2: Home-Learning Tasks:
Task Regular Challenge Completed?
Number
Describe how the named muscles of Explain the role of the ligaments,
3
your arm move the bones when tendons, cartilage and synovial fluid
lifting an object from the floor to in the knee joint
the table
22
7B2: Revision Questions:
Question Answer
1. What are multi-cellular organisms? Organisms made up of many cells
2. List the 5 levels of organisation in Cells tissues organs organ systems
multi-cellular organisms from smallest organism
to largest
3. Explain what a tissue is A group of similar cells working together to perform
a particular function
4. Explain what an organ is An organ is made up of a group of different tissues
that work together to perform a certain function
5. Explain what an organ system is An organ system is a group of different organs that
work together to perform a certain function
6. Explain what an organism is An organism is made up of several organ systems
working together to perform all the processes
needed to stay alive
7. What job do your lungs do? They are responsible for gas exchange – they take in
oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from the body
8. What parts of the body does air have Nose/mouth trachea bronchus bronchiole
to pass through before the oxygen in alveolus blood
it can get into the blood?
9. What are alveoli? Tiny air sacs found in the lungs. They create a large
surface area for gas exchange.
10. What is breathing in called? Inhaling
11. What is breathing out called? Exhaling
12. Give two differences between inhaled Inhales air contains more oxygen.
and exhaled air. Exhaled air contains more carbon dioxide.
13. When you breathe in what happens to They contract
the muscles in your chest?
14. When you breathe in what happens to It contracts and moves down
your diaphragm?
15. When you breathe in what happens to It increases
the volume in your lungs?
16. When you breathe in what happens to It decreases – this pulls air into your lungs
the pressure in your chest?
17. When you breathe out what happens They relax
to the muscles in your chest?
18. When you breathe out what happens It relaxes and moves down
to your diaphragm?
19. When you breathe out what happens It decreases
to the volume in your lungs?
20. When you breathe out what happens It increases and pushes air out of your lungs
to the pressure in your chest?
23
21. List three factors that decrease your Smoking, asthma and old age
lung volume
22. How many bones are there in the 206
average adult human skeleton?
23. List the four main functions of the Support the body, protect organs, help the body
skeleton move, make blood cells
24. Where is bone marrow found? In the middle of some of the longer bones such as in
your arms and legs
25. What does bone marrow do? Makes new blood cells
26. What is a joint? Where two or more bones join together
27. Name the three types of joint. Hinge joints, ball and socket joints, fixed joints
28. Give an example of a hinge joint Elbow or knee
29. Give an example of a ball and socket Hip or shoulder
joint
30. Give an example of a fixed joint The skull
31. What is the job of cartilage? This covers the ends of bones and stops them
rubbing together and causing pain
32. What is the job of ligaments? This holds the bones together
33. What is the job of tendons? This attaches the muscle to the bone
34. What does antagonistic mean? This is when a pair of muscles works opposite each
other to move the body. For example the biceps and
triceps. When the biceps contracts the triceps
relaxes and when the triceps relaxes the biceps
relaxes. This allows your arm to move up and down.
24
7B2: Checklist:
Topic Page Spec points Understanding Revised RP
25
I can describe how to measure
lung volume
I can explain how models can
demonstrate how the lungs work
2.4 32- Skeleton:
33 I can identify parts of the
skeletal system
I can describe the individual
functions of parts of the skeletal
system
I can describe the function of
bones
I can explain how blood cells are
made
2.5 34- Movement: Joints:
35 I can describe methods of
measuring the force from muscles
I can explain why some muscles
may need to be stronger than
others
I can describe the function of
cartilage and ligaments
I can recall the different
types of joint
2.6 36- Movement: Muscles:
37 I can identify parts of the
muscular system
I can describe the individual
functions of parts of the muscular
system
I can explain how parts of the
skeletal and muscular system work
together
I can explain the function of
antagonistic muscle pairs
26
7C2: Elements,
atoms and
Compound
Textbook pages 76-85
27
7C2: Home-Learning Tasks:
Task Regular Challenge Completed?
Number
Define the term element. Research Investigate the term element and
1
how many types of elements exist in list the first 20 elements in order
the world. of their atomic number.
State the number of each type of Draw and label diagrams to show
3
atom in H2O, H2, H2SO4 how you could make models of the
molecules: H2O, H2, H2SO4
28
7C2: Revision Questions:
Question Answer
What is an element? A substance made of only one type of atom
What is used to organise the elements? The periodic table
What is a chemical symbol? The one or two letter code for an element
What is an atom? The smallest part of an element that can exist
Does one atom on its own have the properties No
of an element?
What is a compound? Two or more different types of atom joined together
What molecules? Atoms joined together
What happens to the chemical properties The chemical properties change
when atoms form compounds?
What is a chemical formula? It shows the relative numbers of each atom in a
compound
How many elements are there? 92+
29
7C2: Checklist:
Topic Page Spec points Understanding Revised RP
30
7P1: Forces
Textbook pages 112-123
31
7P1: Home-Learning Tasks:
Task Regular Challenge Completed?
Number
Find out what the dead sea is. Describe what Newton’s 3rd law is.
1
Describe what happens when you Describe an example of it happening
are in the dead sea and explain why
this happens
1. Describe the difference between a contact and a non-contact force. Give examples of each
2. Describe what happens if you double the force applied to stretch a spring
3. Describe what is meant by an object’s elastic limit
4. Describe what friction is. Describe a situation where friction is and is not useful
5. Describe what happens to an object when the forces acting on it are balanced
6. Describe what you can do to decrease the air resistance acting on something
1. A spring has a spring constant of 5 N/cm and is stretched by 4 cm. What force is required to
do this?
2. Explain how making an object more streamline decreases the amount of air resistance acting
on it
3. Describe the difference between mass and weight
4. A car accelerates from rest, travels at a constant speed, then brakes to a halt. Describe what
happens to the forces acting on the car during this journey
5. Describe what happens when waves superpose
32
7P1: Revision Questions:
Question Answer
1. What do forces do? They can change the shape, direction or speed of an
object
2. What types of force are there? Pull, push and twist
3. Give some examples of contact forces Friction, air resistance, tension
4. Give some examples of non-contact forces Gravity, magnetism, static electricity
5. Describe what a non-contact force is A force that acts on an object even though it is not
touching the object
6. What is an interaction pair? When 2 objects interact there is a force on each one
that is the same size but in the opposite direction
7. Give an example of an interaction pair Gravity between 2 objects
8. Describe how you measure forces Using a Newton-meter
9. What unit is force measured in? Newtons
10. What does deform mean? To change the shape of an object
11. What does compress mean? To squash an object
12.Describe what a reaction force is The support force provided by a solid surface
13. Describe what extension is Where something increases in length
14. Describe what Hooke’s law is A law that says if you double the force on an object,
the extension of the spring doubles
15. Describe what is meant by a material’s The point beyond which a spring will not return to its
elastic limit original length when the force is removed
16. Describe the shape of the graph for Straight line graph that goes
Hooke’s law (extension against force) through (0,0)
Force is proportional to extension
33
an object (Gravitational field strength=10 on Earth)
28. Describe what happens to your weight on The bigger the mass of the planet, the larger the
different planets gravitational field strength and the larger the weight
29. Describe what happens if forces are An object will remain stationary (speed = 0) or will
balanced move at a constant speed
30. Describe what happens if forces are An object will either accelerate or decelerate (it will
unbalanced change speed)
31. Describe the forces acting on an orbiting Gravity causes objects to orbit each other (an
object (E.g. The moon around Earth) interaction pair). It causes a constant change in
direction but not a change in the object’s speed
34
7P1: Checklist:
Topic Page Spec points Understanding Revised RP
35
increase air or water resistance as
necessary
I can discuss applications of
friction
1.4 117- Forces at a Distance:
118 I can identify if a particular force
is contact or non-contact
(including gravity, magnetism and
static electricity)
I can describe what the
differences between weight and
mass
I can explain what happens to an
object’s weight in space
I can describe what a field is
I can calculate the weight of an
object
1.5 119- Balanced and Unbalanced:
120 I can describe what balanced and
unbalanced forces are and what a
resultant force is
I can explain when a force is
balanced or unbalanced
I can explain what happens when
forces are balanced and
unbalanced
36
7B3:
Reproduction
Textbook pages 40-57
37
7B3: Home-Learning Tasks:
Task Regular Challenge Completed?
Number
38
7B3: Revision Questions:
Question Answer
1. What is puberty? The physical changes that happen to children as they
develop into adults
2. List four changes that happen to both Pubic hair and underarm hair grows, body smell
boys and girls during puberty becomes stronger (body odour), you experience
emotional changes, you have a growth spurt
3. List four changes that happen to girls Breasts develop, ovaries start to release eggs,
during puberty periods start, hips widen
4. List five changes that happen to boys Voice breaks (gets deeper), testes and penis get
during puberty bigger, testes start to produce sperm, shoulders
wide, hair grown on face and chest
5. What controls the changes during Sex hormones
puberty?
6. What is the job of the testes? To produce sperm cells
7. What is the job of the glands in the To produce nutrients to keep the sperm alive
male reproductive system?
8. What two substances are found in Sperm cells and nutrient fluid
semen?
9. What tubes do the sperm travel down The sperm ducts
when they move from the testes to
the penis?
10. What does the urethra do? Carries urine out of the body
11. What is the job of the ovaries To contain egg cells and release one each month
12. What is the job of the oviduct? To carry eggs from the ovaries to the uterus
13. What is the job of the uterus? This is where a baby develops and grows before it is
born
14. What is the job of the cervix? This is a ring of muscle found at the entrance to the
uterus. It keeps the baby in the uterus until it is
ready to be born.
15. What is the job of the vagina? This receives the sperm during sexual intercourse
and the baby will pass out of the body through the
vagina.
16. What is the job of the urethra? This carries urine out of the body
17. What are gametes? This is the scientific name for egg and sperm cells
18. What is fertilisation? When an egg and sperm cell meet and the genetic
information carried in them joins together.
19. How does an egg get from the ovary to It passes down the oviduct; the cells of the oviduct
the uterus? are covered in cilia (tiny hairs) that waft the egg cell
along the oviduct.
20. What happens during ejaculation? Semen is released from the penis
21. If an egg cell becomes fertilised, it An embryo
39
divides several times to form a ball of
cells. What is this ball of cells called?
22. What is implantation? This is when the embryo attaches to the uterus lining
and begins to grow into a baby.
23. How long is the human gestation Around 9 months (40 weeks)
period?
24. Why should a pregnant woman avoid Smoke from cigarettes can cause babies to be born
smoking and drinking alcohol? early and underweight. Alcohol can affect the
development of the baby’s brain.
25. What is the job of the placenta? This is an organ that the mother grows. In this organ
substances pass between the mothers and babies
blood. It acts as a barrier to stop infections and
harmful substances reaching the baby.
26. What is the job of the umbilical cord? This connects the foetus to the placenta
27. What is the job of the fluid sac? This acts as a shock absorber, protecting the foetus
from any bumps.
28. On average how often does a girl or Every 28 days
woman have a period?
29. On which day of the menstrual cycle Day 14
is the egg usually released from the
ovary?
30. What is it called when an egg is Ovulation
released from the ovary?
31. What is contraception? This is a method where a man and woman take steps
to avoid becoming pregnant during sexual intercourse.
32. How do condoms work? This is a barrier method of contraception. The
condom prevents the semen from entering the
woman’s body.
33. How does the contraceptive pill work? This is a pill full of hormones that the woman takes.
These hormones prevent the woman from releasing an
egg every month.
34. Do condoms and the contraceptive pill Condoms do protect men and women. The
protect men and women from catching contraceptive pill does not protect men and women.
sexually transmitted diseases?
35. Name the two parts of the male part Anther and filament
of a flower (the stamen)
36. Name the three parts of the female The stigma, style and ovary
part of a flower (the carpel)
37. What is pollination? This is when a pollen grain fertilises the ovule.
38. Name the two ways that pollination Wind and insects
can happen
39. In plants what is fertilisation? When the nucleus of a pollen grain joins with the
nucleus of the ovule
40. Name the three parts of a seed Seed coat, embryo, food store
41. What three things does a seed need Water, oxygen, warmth
to germinate?
40
7B3: Checklist:
Topic Page Spec points Understanding Revised RP
41
3.5 47- The Menstrual Cycle:
48 I can describe the stages of the
menstrual cycle
I can describe what a period is
I can describe what ovulation
I can describe some methods
of contraception
I can explain how condoms
and the pill work
3.6 49- Flowers and Pollination:
50 I can name some tissues and
organs in the reproductive
systems of plants
I can describe the functions of
some tissues and organs in the
reproductive systems of plants
I can describe what pollination is
I can explain how insect and the
wind can pollinate other plants
3.7 51- Fertilisation and Germination:
52 I can explain how gametes are
involved in plant fertilisation
I can describe the structure of
a seed
I can describe what seeds need
to grow
I can explain how plants grow
3.8 53- Seed Dispersal:
54 I can describe the methods of
seed and fruit dispersal
I can investigate methods of
dispersal mechanisms
quantitatively
I can explain how seeds are
adapted to different methods of
dispersal
42
7C3: Reactions
Textbook pages 86-99
43
7C3: Home-Learning Tasks:
Task Regular Challenge Completed?
Number
Explain what a word equation is. Research and then illustrate word
2
Give 3 examples of word equations. equations of oxidation of magnesium
and the burning of a fuel.
1. Research and explain what needs to happen to chemical bonds when a chemical reaction occurs.
Explain how this influences whether a reaction is exothermic or endothermic.
2. Write a paragraph to compare exothermic and endothermic reactions. Include examples to
illustrate your answer.
3. Burning fuels is exothermic. Investigate the term energy profile diagram. Draw an energy profile
diagram of an exothermic reaction.
44
7C3: Revision Questions:
Question Answer
What is a chemical reaction? A change where atoms are rearranged to make new
substances.
What does reversible mean? It is quite easy to go back to the starting conditions
What are some signs of a chemical reaction? Flames, sparks, smells, temperature change, bangs,
fizzing
Are all reactions fast? No, they go at different speeds
What can be used to speed up a reaction? A catalyst
What is special about a catalyst? It speeds up a reaction without being used up.
What is a state change? A physical change
What elements make up carbon dioxide? Carbon, oxygen
What are the substances at the start of a Reactants
chemical reaction called?
What are the substances made by a chemical Products
reaction called?
Where do you put the reactants and products Reactants on the left
in a word equation? Products on the right
What is a fuel? A material that burns to transfer energy by heating
What is a more scientific word for burning? Combustion
What two products are made when a fuel Carbon dioxide and water
burns
What is a fossil fuel? Fuel made of dead organisms
What does non-renewable mean? Cannot be replaced once they are used up
Why might hydrogen be a good fuel? When it burns it only makes water
What does oxidation mean? A reaction that adds oxygen to a substance
What is thermal decomposition? Breaking up a compound by heating
What is made when a carbonate is heated? An oxide and carbon dioxide are formed
What is the test for carbon dioxide? Limewater turns cloudy
What is a discrete variable? Can only have specific values
What does conservation of mass mean? The total mass of the products is equal to the total
mass of the reactants
Why is balancing equations important? It makes them obey conservation of mass
What does exothermic mean? Gives out energy and gets hotter
What does endothermic mean? Takes in energy and gets colder
What is a hazard? A possible source of danger
What is a risk The chance of damage or injury from a hazard
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7C3: Checklist:
Topic Page Spec points Understanding Revised RP
46
I can give examples of
different fuels
I can describe what a fossil
fuel is
I can describe what happens
in combustion
I can write word equations
for combustion
I can describe what is meant
by non-renewable
I can describe what an
oxidation reaction is
3.4 92- Thermal Decomposition:
93 I can describe and identify
decomposition reactions
I can write word equations
for decomposition reactions
I can describe what thermal
decomposition is
I can describe an experiment
for thermal decomposition
3.5 94- Conservation of Mass:
95 I can state that mass is conserved
during changes of state and
chemical reactions
I can explain why mass is
conserved during changes of state
and chemical reactions
I can represent chemical reactions
using balanced symbol equations
3.6 96- Endothermic and Exothermic:
97 I can describe identify
endothermic and exothermic
reactions
I can describe that during
chemical reactions, surroundings
may increase or decrease in
temperature
I can explain changes of state
with reference to the energy
levels of particles and whether a
chemical reaction is exothermic or
endothermic
47
7P2: Sound
Textbook pages 124-135
48
7P2: Home-Learning Tasks:
Task Regular Challenge Completed?
Number
Find out what a mosquito anti-teen Research what a coupling gel is and
3
device is. Describe how it works and explain why it is necessary to use
describe any problems people have for ultra-scanning a foetus
with it
1. Describe the difference between a longitudinal and a transverse wave. Give examples
of each
2. Explain which one sound travels the fastest in: solids, liquids or gases
3. Describe what happens to the wavelength of a sound wave if you increase its
frequency
4. Explain how loud music can damage your hearing
5. Explain how ultrasound can be used to calculate how far away an object is
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7P2: Revision Questions:
Question Answer
1. What is a wave? What does it transfer? An oscillation/ vibration that transfers energy
2. What is meant by the amplitude of a wave? The maximum displacement of the particles (the
distance from the middle of the wave to the peak)
3. What is meant by the frequency of a The number of waves that past a point per second
wave?
4. What is meant by the wavelength of a The distance from one point of a wave to the next
wave? identical point
5. What is meant by the peak or crest of a The highest point of a wave
wave?
6. What is meant by the trough of a wave? The lowest point of a wave
7. Describe what a transverse wave is. Give Where the oscillations of a wave are at a right angle
an example to the direction the wave moves. Light
8. Describe what a longitudinal wave is. Give Where the oscillations of a wave are in the same
an example direction as the direction the wave moves. Sound
9. What is meant by compression and Where particles are close together. Where particles
rarefaction? Which wave has these areas? are spread out. Longitudinal waves
10. What is reflection? Where waves bounce off a surface
11. What is it called when sound reflects? An echo
12. What happens when waves superpose? Where waves join together to either add up or cancel
each other out
13. What is an incident wave? The wave going into a surface
14. What creates a sound wave? A vibration/ oscillation
15. What is needed for a sound wave to A medium
travel?
16. What can sound not travel through? A vacuum
17. What speed does sound travel in air? 340m/s
18. Explain why sound travels faster in a solid The particles are closer together, so the vibrations
than a liquid? of the particles can be passed along quicker
19. What happens when you travel faster You ‘break the sound barrier’
than the speed of sound?
20. State three differences between light Light travels faster than sound, sound needs a
and sound. medium to travel, light does not, light is a transverse
wave, sound is a longitudinal
21. What equipment can you use to view a A microphone and an oscilloscope
sound wave?
22. What is meant by the pitch of a sound How high the sound wave is. How high the frequency
wave? of the sound wave is
23. What is frequency measured in? Hertz
24. What is a kilohertz? 1000Hz
25. What is ultrasound? Sound waves with a frequency above the highest
50
human hearing frequency (20,000Hz)
26. What is infrasound? Sound waves with a frequency lower the lowest
human hearing frequency (20Hz)
27. What is meant by the human audible The range of frequencies that a human can hear
range?
28. Describe how the ear works Sound moves through the pinna, this vibrates the ear
drum. The ear drum vibrates bones called ossicles.
This makes the liquid in the cochlea vibrate. Hairs
then vibrate, which create an electrical signal sent
along the auditory nerve to the brain.
29. What parts is the outer ear made from? Pinna, auditory canal and the eardrum
30. How can you damage your hearing? Very loud noises can burst/ break your ear drum
31. What is sound intensity measured in? Decibels
32. What can ultrasound be used for? Physiotherapy, on ships, to make images of unborn
babies, measuring distances
33. What is a reverberation? Lots of echoes joined together
34. Explain how ultrasound is used to measure Ultrasound is sent to a surface where it reflects off
distances it and is received by the sender again. The time delay
can be used with the speed of the wave to calculate
the object is away
35. What produces ultrasound waves? A transmitter
36. What detects ultrasound waves A receiver
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7P2: Checklist:
Topic Page Spec points Understanding Revised RP
52
travels faster out of light and
sound
53
7C4: Acids &
Alkalis
Textbook pages 100-109
54
7C4: Home-Learning Tasks:
Task Regular Challenge Completed?
Number
List 3 examples of acids and alkalis. Research and illustrate the formula
1
Compare their properties. of sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid
and nitric acid. What elements do
all acids contain?
1. What does the term indicator mean? Illustrate your answer by showing the colours that universal
indicator goes in acids and alkalis.
2. Investigate the term salt. Explain how different salts can be formed.
3. What gas is evolved if an acid reacts with a metal? How would you test for this gas?
4. What gas is evolved if an acid is reacted with a metal carbonate? How would this gas be tested
for?
1. Research the term acid indicator. Show the colours that Universal, Litmus, Methyl Orange and
Phenolphalein indicators go in acids and alkalis.
2. Investigate and explain the differences between a base and an alkali. Use examples to illustrate
your answer.
3. Give 3 examples of where neutralisation is useful.
4. Explain with diagrams how copper sulphate crystals can be prepared from reacting copper oxide
with sulphuric acid.
5. Describe and explain the stages of making magnesium chloride crystals from an acid and an alkali.
55
7C4: Revision Questions:
Question Answer
1. Give some examples of acids. Hydrochloric acid (stomach acid), citric acid (lemon
juice), ethanoic acid (vinegar), sulphuric acid (battery
acid)
2. What type of chemical is contained in They contain alkalis.
liquid soap, oven cleaner and toothpaste?
3. What does corrosive mean? Corrosive means a chemical could burn your skin and
eyes.
4. Give two ways of controlling risks from Wear eye protection; keep the solution off your skin.
corrosive solutions.
5. Describe a concentrated acid solution. A concentrated acid solution contains a high number
of acid particles in one litre of solution.
6. What is an indicator? An indicator is a dye that turns a different colour in
acidic and alkaline solutions.
7. What colour does red litmus paper turn Red litmus turns blue on adding alkali.
when adding alkali?
8. What colour does blue litmus paper turn Blue litmus turns red on adding acid.
when adding acid?
9. What pH is neutral? What colour does pH7 is neutral, turns Universal indicator green.
Universal indicator turn in a neutral solution?
10. What sort of chemical gives pH 14? What A strong alkali would be pH 14, colour purple.
colour is this in Universal indicator?
11. What sort of chemical gives pH 1? What A strong acid would be pH 1, colour red
colour is this in Universal indicator?
12. Describe what neutral means. Neutral means that the solution is neither acidic nor
alkaline, the pH is exactly 7.
13. Give a difference between a base and an Alkalis are bases that dissolve in water.
alkali.
14. Give the general word equation for an acid Acid + base salt + water
reacting with a base.
15. Give the general word equation for a acid Metal + acid salt + Hydrogen
reacting with a metal
16. Describe the test for Hydrogen A lit splint makes a squeaky pop sound only when
Hydrogen is present.
17. Give the name of the liquid that is Filtrate.
collected when filtering a mixture.
18. Explain how to make salt crystals from an React an acid with a metal or base to give a salt
acid and a metal. solution. Filter to remove excess metal or base.
Heat the filtrate in an evaporating basin to remove
the water. Leave the evaporating basin in a warm
place to allow the rest of the water to evaporate.
Crystals will remain.
56
19. What type of salt is given when sulphuric Sulphate salt
acid is used in the reaction?
20. What type of salt is given when Chloride salt
hydrochloric acid is used in the reaction?
21. What type of salt is given when nitric acid Nitrate salt
is used in the reaction?
22. Give the name of the products when Calcium chloride + water
calcium oxide is reacted with hydrochloric
acid.
23. What is the pH scale? The pH scale shows how acidic or alkaline a solution
is.
24. Describe how neutralisation reactions can Neutralising bee/ wasp stings, neutralising soil to
be helpful. allow more plants to grow, neutralising lakes to enable
more wildlife to live there, neutralising stomach acid
25. Which element do all acids contain? All acids contain hydrogen.
26. Describe what a salt is. A salt is a compound that forms when an acid reacts
with a metal element or compound. The hydrogen
atoms of the acid are replaced by atoms of the metal
element.
18. Explain how to make magnesium chloride React magnesium, magnesium oxide or magnesium
salt crystals from an acid and a metal. hydroxide with hydrochloric acid to give a magnesium
chloride solution. Filter to remove excess reactant.
Heat the filtrate in an evaporating basin to remove
the water. Leave the evaporating basin in a warm
place to allow the rest of the water to evaporate.
Magnesium chloride salt crystals will remain.
57
7C4: Checklist:
Topic Page Spec points Understanding Revised RP
58
7P3: Light
Textbook pages 136-147
59
7P3: Home-Learning Tasks:
Task Regular Challenge Completed?
Number
Find out what a reflective telescope Find out what is meant by the
1
is. Using diagrams explain how it electromagnetic spectrum.
works Describe the properties of all of
these waves and the order of the 7
different waves in it
Find out what LASER stands for. Find out what an emission and an
3
Describe some properties and uses absorption spectrum are. Describe
of lasers what we can use them for
60
7P3: Revision Questions:
Question Answer
1. What is a luminous object? A object that emits light
2. How do we see non-luminous objects? They reflect light into our eyes
3. What does transmit mean? It allows light to pass through it
4. What does translucent mean? A material that transmits some light, the rest is
scattered (you cannot see the object clearly)
5. What does opaque mean? A material that does not transmits light (you cannot
see through it)
6. What does transparent mean? A material that transmits light (you can see through
it)
7. What is light? A wave
8. How fast does light travel? 300,000,000 metres/second
9. What is a light year? The distance travelled by light in one year
10. What is a virtual image? An image that cannot be focussed/ projected onto a
screen
11. What is a real image? An image that can be projected
12. What is the law of reflection? The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of
reflection
13. What is specular reflection? Reflection from a smooth surface. It reflects using
the law of reflection
14. What is (diffuse) scattering? Reflection from a rough surface. It reflects in
random directions
15. What is refraction? The change in direction of a ray or wave as a result
of the change in its speed
16. What is a medium? Something that a wave travels through?
17. Explain why light refracts Part of the light wave changes speed before the
other part of the light wave
18. Describe what a convex lens is A lens that converges light. It is a circular piece of
glass that is thick in the middle and thinner around
the outside
19. Describe what a convex lens does It converges light (focuses light onto a point)
20. What does the retina do? It responds to light and converts it into electrical
impulse sent up the optic nerve to the brain
21. What does the iris do? It controls how big the pupil is (to let more or less
light into the eye)
22. What does the cornea do? It is a lens that refracts the light onto the retina
23. What does the pupil do? It is a hole that allows light into the eye
24.What are the different types of Rods (for movement) and cones (for colour)
photoreceptor that make up the retina
25. What is at the back of a digital camera A CCD (Charged-coupled device)
that detects light?
61
26.What happens when you shine white light It separates into colours/ a spectrum
into a triangular prism?
27. What is meant by white light? All the colours/ frequencies from the colour
spectrum. It is continuous
28. What are the primary light colours? Red, green and blue
29. What are the secondary light colours? Cyan, yellow and magenta
30. What happens when white light is shone It transmits the colour of the filter and absorbs
through a filter? every other colour
31. How do we see colours? The colour you see is reflected off the object, all the
other colours are absorbed by the object
32. Why do objects appear white? They reflect all colours and absorb no colours
33. Why do objects appear black? They absorb all the colours and reflect no colours
62
7P3: Checklist:
Topic Page Spec points Understanding Revised RP
63
do
I can describe refraction using a
ray model diagram
I can describe how convex lenses
focus light using a ray diagram
I can apply my knowledge of light
waves to explaining why refraction
occurs, with reference to particles
and the speed of light
I can describe what the focal
length and focus is for a
converging lens
3.4 142- The Eye and the Camera:
143 I can describe how the human eye
forms an image using ray diagrams
I can state that pinhole cameras,
cameras with lenses and the human
eye form images from light
I can label the main parts of the
human eye: cornea, pupil, iris, lens,
retina, optic nerve
I can describe the functions of
3.4 the main parts of the human eye:
cornea, pupil, iris, lens, retina,
optic nerve
I can describe how a pinhole
camera works using a ray diagram
I can explain some applications of
convex lenses, in cameras and the
eye
I can compare and contrast the
human eye and a camera
I can apply my knowledge of light
waves to explain how colour
blindness occurs, with reference
to rod and cones
3.5 144- Colour:
145 I can state that white light is a
mixture of colours
I can describe that we see
different colours due to the
different absorption and
reflection of light by objects
I can describe how combinations
of the primary colours of light
result in the secondary colours of
64
light
I can describe how white light is a
mixture of colours with reference
to frequency
I can explain how we see different
colours, with reference to the
colour of the object and the
colour of the light available
I can explain how a prism may be
used to diffuse the different
colours of light, with reference to
refraction and wave speed
65
Practical Skills Checklist:
Lesson Skills Understanding Check
66