Colorimeter Compatibility Mode
Colorimeter Compatibility Mode
Colorimeter Compatibility Mode
AND
LAMBERT’S-BEER’S LAW
Shingala vaishali
Sandha prafulla
Tiwari Kuldeep
TOPIC
What is colorimeter?
Use of colorimeter.
Component & It’s function.
Function of colorimeter.
The principle of colorimeter.
LAMBERT’S-BEER’S LAW
Advantage & Disadvantage of single cell photometer.
Beer’s & Lambert’s Law
• The amount of light absorbed or transmitted by
coloured is in accordance with the Beer’s &
Lambert’s Law.
• Beer’s law : It states that the intensity of the colour is
directly proportional to the concentration of coloured
particle in the solution.
• Lambert’s Law :It states that the amount of the
light absorbed by a coloured solution depends on the
length of the column or the depth of the liquid
through which light passes.
• The Beer & Lambert Law combines these two laws.
WHAT IS COLORIMETER ?
Colorimeter is works on principle of photometry
Light source
Two kinds of lamp.
1. Halogen Deuterium
• for measurement in the ultraviolet range
200 – 900 nm
2. Tungsten lamp
• for measurement in the visible 400 – 760
nm and near-infrared ranges
CUVETTE (Sample cell ):
As per lamber – beer's law,pathlength is fixed to 1 cm.
Sample cell has 1 cm diameter.
A container that contains a sample is usually called
"cell“
two types are available
1. Glass
• wavelength of 340 nm or less hardly passes
through a glass cell. It absorbed in glass cell.
• Cheap
2. Quartz cells
• It allows passage of light in the entire
wavelength in the ultraviolet and visible ranges.
• Used for the measurement in the ultraviolet
range
• Costly
MONOCHROMOTOR :
FILTER:
COLORD SOLUTION
•A solution has color.
•Lesser proportion of the color represented by it.
•For example ,
• A blue solution appears blue because when white light
passes through it, large proportion of blue light will be
transmitted.
GRATINGS :
•This devises separate the various wavelengths of radiant energy
as produced by a tungsten lamp by refraction or diffraction and
from the spectrum produced,
•Desired wavelength selected by the adjustment of an exit slit.
•Costly than others.
PHOTOCELL (PHOTODETECTOR)
•these are the devices to measure the intensity of light
by converting light energy in to electric energy.
•They are made up of light sensitive material such as
selenium.
GALVANOMETER
•Readout device.
•A galvanometer is used to detect and measure eletrical
current produced by the photodetecter.
•It is calibrated to read directly either transmittance or
absorbance or both.
ADVANTAGES OF COLORIMETER
• Less sensitive.
• Limited range of filters available.
• If the light source is not stable ,there is a
possibility of errors due to a change from the
initial light intensity during a measurement.
Equation, A = 2 - log10 %T .
The relationship between absorbance and transmittance is
illustrated in the following diagram: