OCCUPATIONAL ACCIDENTS

LEGAL CONSEQUENCES AND

RESPONSIBILITIES
PRIORITY TARGET OF OHS;

TO PREVENT

Occupational accidents and

occupational diseases
Accident

Events that occur due to unknown, unplanned or

uncontrolled causes and cause damage around
them are called accidents.
Occupational Accident
Events that unforeseen, unknown and uncontrolled
that will damage the environment
(International Labour Organization (ILO))

An unforeseen event that causes most personal

injuries, machinery and equipment to be damaged,
and production to stop for a while.
(World Health Organization (WHO))
 According to Social Security Law No 5510 and
General Health Insurance Law Article 13
Occupational accident is the event which occurred in 5 cases and inflicts
physical or mental illness to the insured person immediately or later

1. When the insured is at work,

2. If the insured works independently for his or her own name and
account due to the work being carried out by the employer performed
out of the workplace,
3. Due to the fact that the insured working as an employee depending
on an employer is sent to another location outside the workplace as
an officer,
4. Breast-feeding women insured, according to labor legislation in the
time allocated to breastfeed their child,
5. During the departure and arrival of the insured to the place where
the work is done by the employer,
According to ILO statistics;

250.000.000/ year
335.000/year
Occupational death
accident

WORLD

7/second
1 death in 5.5
Occupational
minutes
accident
Losses from the occupational disease
 Injury or loss of life, medical
expenses, occupational
accident compensation,
machinery, materials and
equipment costs

DIRECT COST

- Loss of labor or profession,

- Continuous or temporary
disability,
- The mental crises that the work
force will create in him and his
family,
-Loss of time due to worker,
employer and other staff, loss of
production as a result of
deprivation, cost of new labor and
loss of time.
INDIRECT COST
 It seems that the cost of failure to
prevent work accidents and the
problems it poses are very severe and
require more than necessary to prevent
them.

Preventing is cheaper than

paying.
OBLIGATIONS of WORKERS
and EMPLOYERS
RESPONSIBILITIES
ENACT A LAW

CHECK

BUILD THE SUB STRUCTURE

OF TECHNICAL STUDIES

PROTECT THE WORKING

PROCEDURE SUITABLE FOR
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY RULES
AND INSTRUCTIONS

ESTABLISHING A LAWFUL
WORKPLACE
ENSURE THE PROVISION OF
TECHNICAL SECURITY ISSUES

RESOLVE UNSAFE SITUATIONS

 RESPONSIBILITIES OF EMPLOYEER

ACCORDING TO THE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY

LAW NO 6331

In order to ensure occupational health and safety in the workplaces:

1. to take all necessary precautions,

2. to keep the tools and equipments non-existent,
3. to check whether the occupational health and safety measures taken at the
workplace are complied with,
4. to inform the workers about the occupational risks they faced, the precautions
to be taken, legal rights and responsibilities,
5. to provide necessary occupational health and safety training.
 RESPONSIBILITIES OF WORKER

ACCORDING TO LABOUR LAW NO: 4857

Workers are obliged to comply with the following issues

related to health and safety at work (Article 13)

(a) Due to their behavior and defects, workers will pay utmost
attention not to negatively affect health and safety of
themselves and others, and will perform their duties in
accordance with the training and instructions given to them
by the employer.

(b) Workers, in line with the training and instructions given to

them by the employer.
1. To use machines, devices, tools, facilities and production tools in the
building correctly,

2. To inform the employer or representative of any situation in which

they believe to be prejudicial to health or safety in the workplace, or to
take protective measures when they see a serious and sudden failure or
deficiency in the workplace,

3. To cooperate with the employer or employee representative in the

activities carried out by the employer in accordance with the legislation
practices in order to ensure that the working environment and
conditions do not pose any risks to health and safety.
CAUSES OF
ACCIDENTS
Most accidents are caused by unsafe behaviour and
conditions or by a combination of them.
 OCCUPATIONAL ACCIDENT =
UNSAFE CONDITION X UNSAFE
BEHAVIOUR
 WHAT IS DAMAGED BY AN ACCIDENT
OCCURED AT WORK ?

• HUMAN
• MACHINE
• TOOL - EQUIPMENT
• MATERIAL
• TIME
 REMEMBER !

THE ACCIDENT SAYS I'M

COMING!
Unfortunately, accidents always say I'm
coming.
 How familiar are these words, how much
is it familiar?

Our men are lucky,

How many years we've nothing happens
been doing this! Nothing
happens to us
How do I get rid
That job is done of an accident?
by a contractor,
not our employee
How many
times have I
warned you!
We only have cuts
and bruises!
I never thought
this would
happen!
 MAIN CAUSES FOR
OCCUPATIONAL ACCIDENTS
(4M)
MAN

1-Psychological Causes:
Forgetfulness, boredom-sadness-grief, environmental effects,
involuntary behavior, negligent behavior,wrong behavior, etc.

2-Physical Causes:
Fatigue, insomnia, alcohol, illness, etc.

3-Workplace Causes:
Human relations, team work, communication, etc.
MACHINE

1-Incorrect machinery and

equipment installation,
2-Incomplete or defective
protectors,
3-Inadequate standardization,
4-Inadequate control and
maintenance,
5-Inadequate engineering
services.
MEDIA (ENVIRONMENT)

1- Inadequate working knowledge

2-Inappropriate working method
3-Inappropriate working place and
environment
MANAGEMENT

1-Inadequate management
organization,
2-Incomplete rules and
instructions,
3-Inadequate security
management plan,
4-Inadequacy of education and
training,
5-Unsuitable supervision,
administration and guidance,
6-Inappropriate staff employment,
7-Insufficient health checks
Causes for occupational accidents

1. DIRECT CAUSES

2. INDIRECT CAUSES
 NATURAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN

✓THOUGHTFULNESS
✓IMPETUOSITY
✓ POSITION AND ATTITUDE
UNSAFE ✓FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH
BEHAVIOUR SAFETY MEASURES
✓JOKING
✓OVERSPEED
✓CARELESSNESS
✓NEGLIGENCE
✓DANGEROUS STUDY
 STRUCTURAL INCOMPATIBILITY

UNSAFE ✓PHYSICAL
BEHAVIOUR FAILURE
 LACK OF EDUCATION

UNSAFE ✓INSUFFICIENT KNOWLEDGE

BEHAVIOUR ✓INADEQUATE EXPERIENCE
 EQUIPMENT

✓NON-MAINTENANCE EQUIPMENT
✓DAMAGED EQUIPMENT
✓IMPROPER USE OF EQUIPMENT
UNSAFE
✓INADEQUATE PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
CONDITIONS
✓IMPROPER EQUIPMENT USAGE
✓IMPROPER ENCLOSURES
✓INSUFFICIENT WARNING SYSTEM
 WORKPLACE DISORDER

✓GROUND POLLUTION
UNSAFE
✓DISTRIBUTED AND IRREGULAR
CONDITIONS WORKING ENVIRONMENT
 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

✓NOISE
UNSAFE ✓LIGHTING
CONDITIONS ✓VIBRATION
 UNSAFE LACK OF CONTROL
CONDITIONS
 WHY DO WE WORK?

TO SURVIVE

TO MEET THE EXPECTATIONS

OF OUR FAMILY WITHIN OUR
FACILITIES AND TO PROVIDE
THEM WITH BETTER LIVING
CONDITIONS

TO MEET OUR FUNDAMENTAL NEEDS

WHAT IS OUR GOAL?

In which situations can we not work?

YAŞLILIKTAN DOLAYI İŞ YAPABİLME

GÜCÜMÜZÜ YİTİRDİĞİMİZ ZAMAN

WHEN WE'RE CRIPPLED ENOUGH TO

AFFECT OUR ABILITY TO DO BUSINESS
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY RULES FOR YOU

What is the occupational I will follow all the rules of

safety? Did we have it occupational safety. Because
before? I’m already they're the rules that I'm
bored, even if it’s supposed to be able to get
evening, I’m going home back home safely.
Ooff my foot! I wish I I followed all the occupational
had followed the rules of safety rules and I was able to
occupatıonal safety ! get back safely to my house.
FORESEE – TAKE MEASURE
Which one is SAFE?
Causes of Accidents

Causes of Occupational Accidents

▪Carelessness,
▪Improvidence,
▪Disobeying the rules,

▪Lack of information on the use of vehicle equipment used

▪Maintenance and inconveniences of vehicle equipment used
Carelessness
✓ The fact that the employee is not
paying the necessary attention for
various reasons, such as problems
related to his / her private life, is one of
the reasons of the accident.
✓ In addition, insomnia and continuous
long-term studies can cause distraction.
 Imprudence
✓ The wrong thoughts such as I do
not make an accident can distract
you from being cautious.
✓ The most dangreous thought is the
thought of nothing will hapen to me
✓ It is very difficult for the person
who is obsessed with this idea to
prosper.
✓ It is necessary to leave these empty
thoughts aside and be cautious. We
have to be vigilant as soon as
possible.
Disobeying the rules

There are a number of rules in work place to

protect workers against occupational accidents.
Failure to comply with these rules may result in
an accident.
Ignorance

✓ The ignorance of the use of the devices is also a major

cause of accident.
✓ Failure to know the specifications of the device and
pressing the wrong buttons may cause accidents.
 Lack of Maintenance

✓ If the equipment, tools and equipment

are not maintained on time, it may be
an accident due to deterioration.

✓ Machines that break down while

working or a part of which is broken,
can damage workers and those in the
environment.
When accidents are examined and the
main causes of accidents are
eliminated, the repetition of the
accidents can be prevented.
Accident Analysis
Six Essential Question Forms for Accident Investigation

• WHO...
• WHERE...
• HOW...
• WHEN...
• WHAT, WHICH...
• WHY
WHO ?

• Who was hurt?

• Who saw the accident?
• Who was working with him?
• Who instructed, educated,
tasked to the exposed
worker?
• Who else was involved?
• Who can help prevent the
recurrence of the incident?
WHERE?

• Where was the accident?

• Where was the accident at work?
• Where was the auditor at that
time?
• Where were the people he was
working with at the time?
• Where were the witnesses when
the accident happened?
• Where else is this condition
available?
WHEN?

• When was the accident?

• When did the working referent
begin?
• When was the working referent
appointed?
• When did the hazards appear for
the employee?
• When was the last time the auditor
checked the employee's work?
• When did he realize that
something worked?
HOW?

• How did the employee get hurt?

• How could it be avoided by

accident?

• How can co-workers avoid similar

accidents?

• How could the auditor prevent the

accident?
WHAT, WHICH?

• What was the accident?

• What was the injury / illness?
• What was done during the
accident?
• What were they told them to do?
• What materials were used?
• What application was running?
• What instructions were given?
• What measures were necessary?
• Which PPE should be used?
• What did others do to cause the
accident?
• What problem or question was
encountered?
• What did victims or others do after
the accident?
• What did eyewitnesses see?
• What to do to prevent the
recurrence of the incident?
• What security rules are broken?
• Which security rules are missing?
• What security procedures are
required?
WHY?

• Why was the employee injured?

• Why did the employee behave
this way?
• Why did other people behave
this way?
• Why is not Personal Protective
Equipment used?
• Why are not the employee
given specific instructions?
• Why was the employee at this
location / location?
• Why was the employee using
these tools (or machines)?
• Why did not the employee
check with the auditor?
• Why did the employee keep
working on these conditions?
• Why was not the auditor there
at that time?
 Personel
factors

Equipment
factors UNSAFE
CONDITIONS

UNSAFE PROBLEM ACCIDENT

MANAGEMENT
Working
factors
UNSAFE
BEHAVıOUR

Management
factors