International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research: Verticillata (L.F.) Royle. Collected From Polluted
International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research: Verticillata (L.F.) Royle. Collected From Polluted
International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research: Verticillata (L.F.) Royle. Collected From Polluted
Assistant Professor ,
1st Dr. Mary KensaV. Department of Botany and Research Centre,
S.T. Hindu College, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu
Associate Professor ,
2nd Dr. Neelamegam R. Department of Botany and Research Centre,
S.T. Hindu College, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu
Abstract
Preliminary phytochemical studies in whole plant dry sample extracts of H.
Verticillata grown in unpolluted and polluted water sources were carried out to
determine the presence or absence of possible secondary metabolites using various
solvents (petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl alcohol, methanol, and water).
Among the phytochemicals tested, flavonoids and phenols are not reported in all
the extracts of H. Verticillata from unpolluted and polluted water sources. The
steroids and tannins are present in the petroleum ether and chloroform extracts of
plant samples from unpolluted and polluted water sources. Presence of alkaloids
in water, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol extract (except petroleum ether)
of both unpolluted and polluted plant samples was noted. Saponins are present
only in water and petroleum ether extracts of both unpolluted and polluted plant
samples. The results of the qualitative preliminary phytochemical screening of
whole plant extracts of H. Verticillata plants from unpolluted and polluted water
sources exhibited the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, steroids
and tannins depend upon the polarity of solvent and solubility level of
phytocomponents.
1. Introduction
Phytochemicals are defined as bioactive, non-nutrient plant compounds found in fruits, vegetables,
grains and other plant foods that have been linked to reducing the risk of major chronic diseases The
medicinal values of plants exists in their phytocomponents which produce a definite physiological
action on the human body. Preliminary phytochemical screening reports, generally revealed the
presence of alkaloids, tannins, cardiac glycosides and saponins in the methanol leaf extracts of
Mitracarpus scaber (Abere et al. 2007); presence of alkaloid, catachin, coumarin, steroid, phenols,
amino acid, sugar, protein and xanthoprotein in the ethanolic extract of Alpinu calcarata and
Hiptage benghalensis leaves (Thirumurugan et al., 2008); presence of glycosides, mucilage,
carbohydrates, tannins, alkaloids and reducing sugars in the hexane, methanol and the aqueous
extracts of Tridax procumbens leaf (Kiran et al. (2008); and presence of iridiods, flavonoids and
triterpenes in methanol extract of Mussanda pupescens leaf (Vidyalakshmi et al., 2008).
Ethanol extract of Rubia cordifolia leaf showed positive results for alkaloids, cardiac
glycosides, tannins, flavonoids, and phenols and negative for saponins, volatile oils, anthraquinones
and cyanogenic glycosides and very trace for steroids (Kannan et al., 2009); the ethanolic extracts of
Costus mexicanus leaf showed the presence of phytosterols, saponins, glycosides and phenolic
compounds (Sheba et al., 2009). The occurrence of coumarines, flavonoids, sterols and triterpenoids
was reported by Kalaskar et al. (2010) in petroleum ether, ethanol, methanol and aqueous extract of
Ficus carica leaf samples. Ethanolic leaf extract of Pistia stratiotes (aquatic weed) revealed the
presence of anthraquinone, glycosides, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, steroids and tannins (Khan et
al., 2011). The present study was carried out to determine the phytocomponents present in the H.
verticillata plant grown in polluted and unpolluted water conditions.
Dr. Mary KensaV. , Dr. Neelam egam R. :: Prelim inary Phy tochem ical
Analysis Of Hydrilla Verticillata (L.F.) Royle. Collected From Polluted And
1126
Unpolluted Water Sources
ISSN: 2347-1697
International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research (IJIFR)
Volume - 3, Issue -3, November 2015
Continuous 27th Edition, Page No.:1125-1128
Tann
Stero
solvent extracts
Phen
Sapo
Flav
onoi
nins
oids
samples ids
ins
ols
used
ds
collected
1. Petroleum ether UPWS - - - + + +
PWS - - - + + +
2. Chloroform UPWS + - - - + +
PWS + - - - + +
3. Ethyl acetate UPWS + - - - - -
PWS + - - - - -
4. Methanol UPWS + - - - - -
PWS + - - - - -
5. Water UPWS + - - + - -
PWS + - - + - -
UPWS-Unpolluted Water Source; PWS-Polluted Water Source;
The plant produced secondary metabolites in response to stress (Keeling and Bohlmann
2006). These plant based secondary metabolites, have been subsequently exploited by human beings
for their beneficial role in a diverse array of applications (Balandrin et al., 1985). Often, plants
secondary metabolites may be referred to as plant natural products, which have illicit effects on other
organisms.
Dr. Mary KensaV. , Dr. Neelam egam R. :: Prelim inary Phy tochem ical
Analysis Of Hydrilla Verticillata (L.F.) Royle. Collected From Polluted And
1127
Unpolluted Water Sources
ISSN: 2347-1697
International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research (IJIFR)
Volume - 3, Issue -3, November 2015
Continuous 27th Edition, Page No.:1125-1128
5. References
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[10] Sheba, R., Kaur, R. and Arora, R. 2009.Studies on phytochemical constituents of Costus mexicanus.
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phytochemistry and pharmacology of Mussaenda sps.(Rubiaceae). Ethnobotanical Leaflets, 12: 469-475.
Dr. Mary KensaV. , Dr. Neelam egam R. :: Prelim inary Phy tochem ical
Analysis Of Hydrilla Verticillata (L.F.) Royle. Collected From Polluted And
1128
Unpolluted Water Sources