Subject: EE66 EE APPARATUS AND DEVICES Date Performed: OCT 18, 2022

Instructor: ENGR. NOVEAS EROISA Date Due: OCT 28, 2022

MEASURING THE WINDING RESISTANCES

TITLE

EXPERIMENT NO. 4

SUBMITTED BY:
BALTODANO, CHRISTIAN PAUL
TAGAYUNA, CHESTER JULES
OGUIMAS, MELVILLE JUNE
CANONIGO, ANGEL JUNE
BRETANIA, JOSUA

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

College of Engineering
Central Mindanao University
Musuan, Bukidnon

1st Semester, SY 2022-2023

INTRODUCTION

A three-phase transformer is made of three sets of primary and secondary windings, each
set wound around one leg of an iron core assembly, whereas primary winding draws energy from
the main source and the secondary winding transmits the energy to the load. A winding resistance
test of a transformer is carried out as a type test, routine test and also as a field test. Winding
resistance measurements are an important diagnostic tool for assessing possible damage to
transformers resulting from poor design, assembly, handling, unfavorable environments,
overloading or poor maintenance. Measuring the resistance of transformer windings assures that
each circuit is wired properly and that all connections are tight. (Testguy, 2018).
Transformer Winding Resistance Testing Explained. (2018, March 18). Retrieved from
https://testguy.net/content/276-Transformer-Winding-Resistance-Testing-Explained

OBJECTIVES

- To determine or to check the significant difference in the resistance between three windings
- To determine the resistances of the winding given the recorded volts and current.
- To compare the resistance characteristic of a three-phase winding to a single-phase
winding
MATERIALS NEEDED
- 1 DL 10100 300VA 2x21V/2x12V Three Phase Transformer
- 1 DL 10065N Electrical Power Digital Measuring Unit
- 1 DL 10016 Power Supply Module
- 2 Multimeters
- Wire Cords
PROCEDURE

To begin the activity, wire cords have been prepared for connecting the modules
based on the circuit diagram provided. The two multimeters were used as an ammeter,
which records the current from the variable DC output based on the values shown in the
table, and a voltmeter, which measures the voltage that corresponds to the current given.
The circuit diagram indicates that the apparatus being measured is a three-phase
transformer with three armature windings. The ammeter was connected in series with the
winding that was measured, while the voltmeter was connected in parallel with the winding.

The supply section has been prepared after the wire connections have been
completed. The supply module DL 10281 controls have been set to direct current open
switch output with an excitation that can be controlled using the variator, which can be
rotated from fully counter-clockwise (zero position) to fully clockwise (maximum position).
The L+/L-terminals are connected to the high voltage winding (heavy line connection for
phase U1). By turning the circuit breaker to "on," the supply module has been activated.
The data was then recorded by adjusting the knob to the current input value specified in the
table. The latter procedure was repeated to determine the voltage of the V1 with the given
current (second high voltage winding) and the W1 (third high voltage winding). After the W1
has been measured, the circuit breaker has been opened and the high voltage windings
has been disconnected.

Following that, the low voltage winding was connected to the L+/L- terminals (dotted
line connection for phase 2V). The supply module was switched on using the same
procedure as the high voltage winding, by turning the circuit breaker to "on," and then data
was recorded by adjusting the knob to achieve the current input value specified in the table.
 After measuring the final set of secondary windings, the circuit breaker was opened and the
main supply module was turned off.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
VOLTMETER

AMMETER

WINDING
RESISTANCE
VARIABLE DC
OUTPUT
(EXCITATION)

HIGH VOLTAGE LOW VOLTAGE

SIDE SIDE

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Table 1: Resistance test summary of results for Primary Winding

In a 3-phase transformer, each phase winding has considerable amount of resistance
which affects the overall voltage and power output. Since for a 3-phase system, a large magnitude
current is being shared by the 3 phases, such that each will take normal magnitudes of current.
Hence when compared to a single-phase transformer, the resistance of the coil winding is much
larger than that of the 3 phases.
Resistance given by ohms law: R = V/I, is the ratio between the voltage and current
impressed in a conductor. However, it is important to note the V there is the voltage drop due to
resistance and not the from the supply mains.
According to the data, the average resistance for phase 1U1/1U4, 1V1/1V4, 1W1/1W4,
is about 0.70, 0.66, 0.72 ohms, respectively. However, it is important that each phase is balanced
or with parameters of proximate values, since an unbalanced system results to a reduced
efficiency or even potential risks. Hence, the per-phase resistance for the primary is approximately
0.70 Ohms.
 For the case of the secondary, notice that the same amount of current is used to excite
the secondary winding however the voltage drops data shows that there is only a slight difference
between the voltage drops in the secondary and primary. This implies that the per-phase
resistance of both windings is of proximity. According to the data, the average resistance for phase
2U1/2U4, 2V1/2V4, 2W1/2W4, is about 0.75, 0.72, 0.78 ohms, respectively. Assuming a balanced
parameter, the per-phase resistance of the secondary is approximately 0.75 Ohms.

CONCLUSION
Based on the results, each phase winding in a 3-phase transformer has a significant
amount of resistance, which affects the overall voltage and power output in practical applications.
Because a large magnitude of current is shared by the three phases in a three-phase system,
each phase will take a normal magnitude of current. As a result, when compared to a single-phase
transformer, it can be concluded that the resistance of the coil winding of a three-phase
transformer is significantly lower.