GB Unit 2
GB Unit 2
GB Unit 2
Unit 2
Principles and Elements of Design of Green Building
Content
Structure
design Energy Water
efficiency efficiency
efficiency
Indoor
Materials
environment
efficiency
quality
• In today’s competitive world, the practice of sustainable architecture
and construction revolves mainly around innovation and creativity.
• One of the primary attributes of green building is that materials and
techniques are employed that do not have a negative impact on the
environment.
• Also, the building’s inhabitants do not choose materials just because
they are more familiar with their use.
• For example, there are numerous recycled products that can be used
in the construction of sustainable structures, such as ceramic floor tiles,
which can be made from recycled glass. Bamboo flooring is another
suitable alternative to wood that is less expensive and is actually harder
than hardwood flooring and more durable
• It is important to address the many traditional building design concerns
of economy, utility, durability, and aesthetics. Green design strategies
underline additional concerns regarding occupant health, the
environment, and resource depletion.
➢ Encourage the use of renewable energy and materials that are
sustainably harvested.
➢ Ensure maximum overall energy efficiency.
➢ Ensure that water use is efficient, and minimize wastewater and runoff.
➢ Conserve non-renewable energy and scarce materials
➢ Optimize site selection to conserve green space and minimize
transportation impacts.
➢ Minimize human exposure to hazardous materials
➢ Minimize the ecological impact of energy and materials used.
➢ Encourage use of mass transit, occupant bicycle use, and other
alternatives to fossil-fueled vehicles.
➢ Conserve and restore local air, water, soils, flora, and fauna.
➢ Minimize adverse impacts of materials by employing green
products.
➢ Orient buildings to take maximum advantage of sunlight and
microclimate
GLASS
BAMBOO
FLY ASH
GREEN
CONCRETE
WOOL BRICK
AUTOCLAVED
AERATED
CONCRETE WOOD FIBRE
BOARDS
BAMBOO 00
Bamboo as a building material in the
bamboo architecture is using for
several constructions.
➢ Bamboo houses
This way of construction offers
the following advantages:
• Prefabrication, simple replacement of structural parts, simple
assembly.
• The bamboo elements can be easily dismantled and reused.
• This will offers high elasticity and low mass. This is the reason, why
this houses are secure from an earthquake.
➢ Roofing
The simplest roof covering is formed by bamboo shingles which
are as long as the rafters. They are held in position by their own weight.
GREEN CONCRETE
Green benefits :
➢ Reduces CO2 emissions
➢ Low environmental impact
➢ Excellent thermal efficiency
➢ Minimize the generation of solid waste
GLASS
Green benefits:
➢ Day lighting
➢ Recyclability
➢ Achieving energy efficiency
➢ Innovative application
➢ Controls noise
➢ Blending interiors with exteriors (views)
FLY ASH
Green benefits:
➢ These kinds of bricks can be manufactured without firing,
which contributes to energy savings.
➢ Best alternative to conventional building materials such as
earthen bricks and concrete blocks.
➢ Zero carbon product
➢ Resistant to cold and wet climates
WOOD FIBRE BOARDS
Green benefits:
➢ Manufactured from renewable resources
➢ Good acoustics
➢ No health risk
➢ Reusable , recyclable and 100% compostable
Indoor Environmental Quality and Safety
i. BUILDING SITE
ii. BUILDING LAYOUT
iii. BUILDING ENVELOPE
iv. EXTERNAL DEVELOPMENT
1. BUILDING SITE
• Sites which are located in developed regions of cities and towns (covered by
master plan) and connected by public transport constitutes a green building
site.
• Sites which have amenities and facilities like playground, school, hospital,
banks etc. within walking distances are green.
2. BUILDING LAYOUT
1. SITE FEATURES: It should follows the natural vegetation, provides native
vegetation and imprints minimum development footprint on it.
2. ORIENTATION:
3. BUFFER SPACES:
Such as courtyards, balconies, verandahs provide shade and catch
winds. The also provide cool air and adequate daylight.
The main task of the buffer zones is to
collect energy from solar radiation
through large glazed areas. The second
task is to store the accumulated heat and
release it to the rest of the house, if
necessary.
3. FENESTRATION:
It is serves to provide heat gain, day- lighting and ventilation. It hot
climates
❖ Minimum heat gain through fenestration is desired.
❖ Ample day lighting is required to reduce lighting energy consumption in
buildings.
❖ Adequate ventilation can let in fresh air and exhaust hot room air,
resulting in cooling.
The performance of fenestration depends on
• Design of openings (size, shape, orientation)
• Selection of glass
• Design of shading devices (chajja, fins)
Window jalis are particularly suitable in hot climates keeping
interior cool, as it prevents the entry of direct solar radiation.
4. EXTERNAL DEVELOPMENT:
It includes
➢ Vegetation includes tress, hedges, plants, creepers, vines and lawns
around buildings.
➢ Pathways and paving
➢ Road and Parking
➢ Other areas: Entrance porch, terrace development