3is LAS Week 1-2 Q3
3is LAS Week 1-2 Q3
3is LAS Week 1-2 Q3
Immersion
Lesson
Brainstorming for Research Topics
1
Research provides the best solution to some of the world problems and also enhance the
knowledge of the researchers. It can give explanations to certain questions stated in the research
problem. Through the explanations, it serves as a tool for building knowledge and for facilitating new
learning.
Research also introduces new ideas, helps the researchers identify problems and appropriate
solutions in new ways and provide new framework to guide thinking and action. It informs action,
proves a theory and contributes to develop knowledge in a field or study. Therefore, it understands
various issues and increases public awareness.
The following shall help you recall some significant details relevant to your previous
understanding about the types of research namely: qualitative and quantitative researches.
Usually concerned with generating Usually starts with neither a theory nor
hypothesis from data rather than testing a hypothesis hypothesis about the relationship between two or
more variables
Uses either unstructured or semi-structured Uses structured research instruments like
instruments questionnaires or schedules
Uses small sample sizes chosen purposely Uses large sample sizes that are
representatives of the population
Has high validity Has high output replicability
Used to gain greater understanding of individual Used to gain greater understanding of group
differences in terms of feelings, motives and similarities
experiences
Uses more flexible processes Uses structured processes
Methods include field research, case study and Methods include census, survey, experiments and
secondary analysis secondary analysis
An inquiry is a method that has the aim of extending knowledge, undertaking doubt, or solving a
problem. A theory of inquiry is an interpretation of the various types of inquiry and action of the ways
that each type of inquiry attains its aim.
Now, to give you an idea of how to prepare for research, you may do the inquiry- based learning using
the following steps mentioned below:
Focus. An ill-structured problem demands
consideration of diverse perspectives.
Decide on a topic. Think-aloud, asks probing questions,
monitors and encourages participants to decide a topic.
Understanding theproblem. This will include
clarifications of misconceptions and possibilities.
Design on the problem. This is the final stage done to
address problems within manageable scales and extend
their learning pathways.
Brainstorming is a way of inquiring ideas that will help you to develop concepts and focusing
techniques by asking questions and knowing the interests of the persons involved in the said issues.
The potential ideas can be visualized for interpretations.
The following are the things that may be considered before starting the research
activity:
1. A problem that is most interesting to you
2. Existing problems in the class/school/campus which one may want to solve
3. Existing needs of the community or society
4. Area of interest, specialization or event from related fields
5. Prevailing theories and philosophy
TYPES OF RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
IMPORTANCE
Lesson
Identifying the Problem and
2 Asking the Questions
In the previous lesson, you’ve learned on how to choose research topics and formulate
Background of the problem or the statement of the problem, following the different elements
in writing a statement of the problem helps you to create a god topic for your research.
The background of the study will deliberate your statement of the problem, rationale, and research
questions. It links the introduction to your research study and guarantees a logical flow of ideas. Thus,
it helps readers understand and comprehend your reasons and explanations for conducting the study.
Problem statements or background of the study have three elements:
The problem itself, stated clearly and with enough contextual detail to establish why it is important;
The method of solving the problem, often stated as a claim or a working thesis;
The purpose, statement of objectives and scope of document the writer is preparing.
Research Problem
Assessment 2: Write the above research topics (refer to Assessment 1) you have created and identify at least
three research problem for each and explain why you choose them.
A Conceptual Framework is an analytical tool with several variations and contexts that can be applied in
different categories of work where an overall picture is needed to come up with the desired goal. It is necessary
to make conceptual and theoretical distinctions and organize ideas. Strong and resilient conceptual
frameworks capture and apprehend something real and do this in a way that is easy to remember and apply.
The theoretical and conceptual frameworks provide evidence of academic standards and procedures that
validates the authenticity of the study. They also proposed an explanation and clarification of why the study is
relevant and how the researcher expects to fill the gap in the literature.
Age:
Gender: Academic Achievement of 4Ps Pupils
Grade Level: - Recipients
Occupation of the parents: Monthly
income of the parents: Interactive
Method:
In developing a testable research hypothesis, it takes skill, however, along with careful
attention to how the proposed research method treats the development and testing of
hypotheses.
The hypothesis in your study, you are predicting the relationship between two variables.
Following are some hints for the formulation of your hypothesis.
Be certain to read on the subject matter to explain with it before making a final decision
As noted, a research hypothesis is more than just a topic. It has two elements (variables) that
are in relation to each other. Your hypothesis is what you propose to “prove” by your research.
As an outcome of your research, you will arrive at a conclusion, a theory, or understanding that
will be useful or applicable beyond the research itself.
Avoid judgmental and critical words in your hypothesis.
Your hypothesis must involve an issue or question that cannot be answered exclusively by the
discipline of law.
Be certain that each term if your hypothesis is clearly understood and defined, do not deal in
generalities or assume that the reader knows the meaning of the technical term.
Specify, if appropriate, whether you will be dealing with state or federal law or both on a
comparative basis if appropriate.
Know that your hypothesis may change over time as your research progresses.
You must obtain the teacher’s approval of your hypothesis, as well as any modifications to your
hypothesis, before proceeding with any work on the topic. You will be expressing your hypothesis in
3 ways:
As a one-sentence hypothesis.
As a research question.
As a title for your paper.
Your hypothesis will be part of your research proposal.
Example:
Question:
Does taking aspirin everyday reduce the chance of having a heart attack?
Null Hypothesis:
Taking aspirin daily does not affect heart attack risk.
Question/s:
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Research Hypothesis:
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Example:
Specific Title of the Study:
Narcissism in Teenagers: Root Causes, Manifestations and
Interventions
The different parts of the problem statement will be written as follows:
Introduction
Taking selfies or a video of oneself has become a social phenomenon that has
been brought about by the use of modern gadgets, particularly the mobile phone -
adolescents take pictures or videos of themselves, their possessions, their latest
happenings or gigs, their friends, their food-anything, anyone they take a fancy on,
anywhere, anytime. A good number of people say that this social phenomenon has
evolved into narcissism. There is, to date, a dearth of research on this topic.
The section on the significance of the study provides information to the reader on how the
study will contribute. It must be exactly stated, however, what the study will contribute and
who will benefit from it.
Example:
The researcher believed that the result of this study will help the following assess the 4Ps program and its
effect to the performance of the pupils.
The Department of Social Welfare and Development. The researcher believes that the result of this
study will be of great importance to the department since they are the ones monitoring the 4Ps
program. May this study serve as the basis in the modification of the conditions in giving cash grants
The Administrators. The result of the study would be the basis of constructing and implementing new
and innovative teaching aids to help teachers fully supervise and assess the pupils to achieve their full
potentials, since children are financially supported in their studies by the government.
The Teachers. The result of this study may help the teacher in constructing and
developing new teaching strategies to help the students in their performance and be
mindful that even if students are provided and supported by the government, they still
need equal guidance to perform well in school. The factors affecting the performance of
the students may also help the teacher as their basis in making daily lessons.
The Parents. The result of this study will inform the parents that their guidance is a big
impact on the performance of the students in school.
The Students. May the result of this research help the student in understanding that
coming to school daily may be a guarantee that they will also have good academic
performance. And may the result give them the overview of how the government is
supporting their studies and that they must do their part by studying well.
Directions: On the topic you’ve chosen, write a specific statement regarding the Significance or the Importance
of the study.
The scope and delimitation of the study set borders and limitations of the problem
inquiry and narrow down the scope of the inquiry.
The purpose of the delimitation of the study is to delimit by geographic location, age, sex,
population traits, population size, or other similar aspects. Delimitation makes study more
manageable and feasible. Part of it sets the constraints or weaknesses of a study which are
beyond the control of the researcher.
This study includes only those English freshman classes that use both Blended Learning and
standard ways of Language teaching.
Assessment 6: Writing Exercise: On the Scope and Limitation of the Study
Directions: Go back in the sample given. On the topic that you’ve chosen, write a specific
statement showing the Scope and Limitation of your study.
Glossary of Research Terms- this glossary is intended to assist you in understanding commonly used
terms and concepts when reading, interpreting, and evaluating scholarly research in the social sciences.
Types and Functions
Conceptual Definition
Refers to the dictionary meaning.
Operational Definition
The meaning of the concept or terms as used in a particular study.
Conceptual Definition:
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Operational Definition:
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Evaluation:
Multiple Choice. Write the letter of the correct answer. Kindly write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following is a limitation to brainstorming?
a. free riders work harder in a group c. people are more willing to talk because they are part of a group
b. only a few people can contribute d. only one person can speak at a time
2. What characterizes inquiry?
a. it is designed to generate multiple alternatives c. it is an open process
b. it encourages an exchange of ideas d. all of the above
3. What are the two phases of brainstorm?
a. cause and effect c. idea generation and evaluation
b. projection and selection d. problem and solution
4. What is an informal or indirect expression of knowledge?
a. Books b. gestures c. sentences d. words
5. How will you capture the ideas?
a. traditional method c. post – it notes
b. electronic method d. all of the above
6. Which of the following statements about brainstorming is NOT correct?
a. brainstorming is often used for creative problem-solving
b. no criticism is allowed in brainstorming
c. brainstorming is an exposed game without rules or guidelines
d. all participants in brainstorming should be given a chance to contribute
7. Which criteria should you use to evaluate ideas?
a. feasible c. novel
b. attractive d. none of the above
8. Which of the following is a limitation to brainstorming?
a. free riders work harder in a group. c. people are more willing to talk because they are part of the group
b. only a few people can contribute. d. only one can speak at a time
9. Which among them does not belong to ruining a brainstorm?
a. early criticism of ideas c. need evaluation
b. having no clear focus or objective d. settling for too few ideas
10.Which of the following are the benefits of brainstorming when compared to the nominal group
technique?
a. brainstorming is more fun
b. brainstorming can create a positive organizational climate
c. brainstorming can encourage talented and highly skilled employees to remain in an
organization
d. all of the above
11. The part of your study that will provide context to the information discussed
throughout the research process.
a. Background of the Study c. Operational Definition
b. Scope and delimitation of the study d. Significance of the study
12. An analytical tool with several variations and contexts.
a. Scope and delimitation of the study c. Significance of the Study
b. Conceptual Framework d. Operational Definition
13. The part of your states what the researcher expects to find- it is the
tentative answer to the research question that guides the entire study.
a. Research Significance c. Research Hypothesis
b. Research Truth d. Research Operation Definition
14. In making your conceptual framework which is not included in the steps
stated below.
a. Conduct a Literature c. Write a Narrative
b. Create a Flow chart d. Do not return and revise
15.Who are the individuals whom they explain clearly the purposes of the problem
statement or inquiry?
a. Marshall and Rossman c. F.J Espania and R.E Fernandez
b. Marshall Leu and Rose Man d. None of the above