“Memory Games for Elderly”

A Project Report
on
Memory Games for Elderly
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the award of the degree of

Bachelor of Technology
in
Computer Science & Engineering

Submitted By
Shreya
2819137

Under the Supervision of

Dr. Rama Chawla
Assistant Professor

Panipat Institute of Engineering & Technology, Samalkha, Panipat

Affiliated to

Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra, India (2019-2020)

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DECLARATION

We hereby declare that the work presented in this project report entitled “Memory Games for
Elderly” in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of Bachelor of
Technology in Computer Science & Engineering, submitted to Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra,
India is an authentic record of our own work carried out during the period from September 2022 to
December 2022 under the guidance of Dr. Rama Chawla(Assistant Professor).

We hereby declare that this submission is our own work and that, to the best of my knowledge and
belief, it contains no material previously published or written by another person nor material which
to a substantial extent has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma of the
university or other institute of higher learning, except where due acknowledgment has been made in
the text.

Signature:

Name: Shreya

Roll No. : 2819137

Date:

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CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Project-II report (PROJ-CS-401) entitled “Memory Games for Elderly”,
done by Shreya(2819137) is an authentic work carried out by them at PIET, Samalkha, Panipat
under my guidance. The matter embodied in this project work has not been submitted earlier for the
award of any degree or diploma to the best of my knowledge and belief.

Mr.Gaurav Gambhir Dr. Rama Chawla

Mr.Jitendra Kumar

Prof. Dr. S C Gupta

HOD (CSE)

PIET, Samalkha

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It gives us a great sense of pleasure to present the report of the B. Tech Project undertaken during B.
Tech. Final Year. I owe special debt of gratitude to Assistant Professor Dr. Rama Chawla,
Department of Computer Science & Engineering, PIET, Samalkha for her constant support and
guidance throughout the course of our work. Her sincerity, thoroughness and perseverance have been
a constant source of inspiration for us. It is only her cognizant efforts that our endeavors have seen
light of the day.

I also take the opportunity to acknowledge the contribution of Professor Dr. S C Gupta, Head,
Department of Computer Science & Engineering, PIET, Samalkha for his full support and assistance
during the development of the project.

I also do not like to miss the opportunity to acknowledge the contribution of all faculty members of
the department for their kind assistance and cooperation during the development of our project. Last
but not the least, we acknowledge our friends for their contribution in the completion of the project.

Signature:

Name : Shreya
Roll No.: 2819137
Date :

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ABSTRACT

The Memory Game Project is all about demonstrating your mastery of JavaScript. You’ll build a
complete browser-based card matching game (also known as Concentration). But this isn’t just any
memory game! It’s a well-designed, feature-packed memory game!

How the game works:

1. Sudoku : A complete sudoku game is a 9 x 9 grid, where each row, column, and each 3 x 3
square must contain each of the numbers from 1 to 9 and each number can be used only once.

-The game is presented with a partially completed grid and the rest user has to fill.

-It ranges from easy to expert level.

2. Chess: A chess board consists 64 number of squares, and square color consists of white and

black.

- To make a working chess board, we’ll create a nested for loop. Let us assume the outer loop as “i”
and the inner loop as “j”. The outer loop will be used to create rows and the inner loop will be used
to create columns(cells in each column). By doing this a N x M cells will be created ( N=number of
rows, M=number of columns).

We also have give an appropriate colour to each cell. So, for this, if the summation of i and j is an
even number then the cell has to be colored as white else it has to be colored black.

And this will create the cells of alternative colors of white and black.

Development Strategy :

It's very important that I’ve plan my project before I start writing any code. Break my project down
into small pieces of work and plan out my approach to each one. It's much easier to debug and fix an
issue if I've only made a small change. It becomes much more difficult if I wait longer to test my
code.

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Table of Contents
DECLARATION ......................................................................................................................... II

CERTIFICATE ........................................................................................................................... III

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .......................................................................................................... IV

ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................... V

LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................................ X

TABLE OF FIGURES .................................................................................................................. X

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................. 12

1.1 Topic of the System ................................................................................................ 12

1.2 Project Abstract ...................................................................................................... 12

1.3 Purpose of the System ............................................................................................ 12

1.4 Target user ............................................................................................................... 13

1.5 Objectives…............................................................................................................ 13

1.5.1 Cognitive Stimulation…………………………………………………………….13

1.5.2 Mental Agility…………………………………………………………………….13

1.6 Scope of the System ............................................................................................... 13

1.7 Limitation of the System ........................................................................................ 14

1.8 Functionalities of the system......................................................................................... 14

1.9 Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………………14

CHAPTER 2: PROBLEM DESCRIPTION............................................................................. 15

2.1 Current Problem Description .................................................................................. 15

2.2 Description of Problem Area .................................................................................. 15

2.2.1 Problem Importance and Justification ................................................................ 15

2.3 Proposed Solution ................................................................................................... 15

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2.4 Hardware and Software Used for development ...................................................... 16

2.4.2 Hardware ............................................................................................................. 16

2.4.3 Software .............................................................................................................. 18

2.5 Conclusion............................................................................................................. 19

Chapter 3: LITERATURE REVIEW ....................................................................................... 20

3.1 Introduction to Literature Review ............................................................................. 20

3.2 Advanced Preliminary Research ............................................................................... 20

3.3 Feasibility Study ........................................................................................................ 20

3.4 Domain Research ....................................................................................................... 21

3.5 Android ...................................................................................................................... 23

3.5.1 Android Architecture .............................................................................................. 24

3.6 Security and Permissions ........................................................................................... 26

3.7 Conclusion ................................................................................................................. 26

Chapter 4 :RESEARCH METHODS ....................................................................................... 27

4.1 Solving methods.......................................................................................................... 27

4.2 Brute force …......................................................................................................... 27

4.2.1 Method 1 ………………………………................................................................... 27

4.2.2 Method 2………………………………................................................................... 28

4.3 Conclusion ................................................................................................................. 30

CHAPTER 5: ANALYSIS ......................................................................................................... 31

5.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 31

5.2 Development Strategy............................................................................................... 31

5.3 Methodology Phase ................................................................................................... 32

5.3.1 Analysis ................................................................................................................... 32

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5.3.2 Design ...................................................................................................................... 33

5.4 Research Methodology ………………………………………………………………………..33

5.5 Logic behind these games……………………………………………………………………40

CHAPTER 6: DEVELOPMENT RQUIREMENTS AND TOOLS....................................... 41

6.1 Hardware Requirements ............................................................................................ 41

6.1.1 PC Configuration: ................................................................................................... 41

6.1.2 Device Configuration ............................................................................................. 41

6.2 App Requirements ..................................................................................................... 41

6.3 Database …………….................................................................................................. 42

TABLE OF FIGURES

Figure 1: Web application structure 16

Figure 2: Sample sudoku game 23
Figure 3: Android Version 24
Figure 4 Android Architecture 24
Figure 5 Workflow of Application method 1 27
Figure 6 Workflow of Application method 2 28
Figure 7 Model 31
Figure 8 Sudoku structure flow chart 32
Figure 9 chess structure flow chart 33
Figure 10 Basic layout 34
Figure 11 Differet types of permutations used 35
Figure 12 block diagram of database required 35

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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Topic of the System

Title: - Memory games for elderly.

1.2 Project Abstract

Memory Games for Elderly Using Javascript, In this we will get to know about the
application which provides the the memory games to it’s user. The Memory Games for older
people will be a game changing factor in coming future which will be very useful and make
changes to prevent the people of older ages to suffer from mental health related issues.

The Memory game is all about representing your mastery in Javascript. In this I’ll build a
complete browser based chess, sudoku and a card game. But this isn’t just any ordinary memory
game! It’s a well designed, feature-packed memory game including 3-D chess!!

In this report, we present the detailed development and implementation of sudoku game and
chess game. The Sudoku game consists of graphical user interface, solver and puzzle generator;
implemented using javascript and jquery. The solver finds the solution to the puzzles generated
by the generator as well as to the puzzle entered by the user. Generator created various number
of different sudoku puzzles according to levels he/she wants.

1.3 Purpose of the System

The main purpose for Memory games website for elderly people is to keep the aging mind sharp.
Dementia and Alzheimer’s are the most common mental health disorders faced by the senior
generation. As there is no way to prevent ourselves from memory degradation, many researchers
concluded that there are various things that we can do to keep our mind active. So the most easy
and interesting way to keep ones mind active is by playing games.
Many experts have also suggested and mentioned activites like chess, sudoku etc. to keep ones
mind active and stimulated.

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1.4 Target User

As people get older, their cognitive abilities decline. Playing memory games can help keep the
mind flexible and improve the way they think. These Memory games are targeted for the senior
people who face gradual degradation of their mental health as they ages. So to prevent them from
all these mental health related issues we can make a system which include memory games to keep
their mind active.

1.5 Objectives
As people get older, their cognitive abilities decline. Playing memory games can help keep the
mind flexible and improve the way they think. As we grow older, we tend to have difficulty
recalling and quickly thinking about information. With the help of memory games, we can get
back to thinking about what we've been thinking.

Memory games are fun and stimulate the brain in a non-threatening manner similar to what
crossword puzzles or Sudoku do. They can also keep seniors engaged as their abilities to keep
up with the daily activities of life decline.

1.5.1 Cognitive Stimulation

Memory games arouse or stimulate the brain, keeps our brain active and engaged. This brain
exercise leads to the generation of new brain cells and synapses which toughen your ability to
remember things in long run. These games can help elderly people to recover from many mental
health disorders, also help in the recovery of memory loss. Memory games also helps the people
to reduce anxiety by providing you sufficient time to focus on a single problem without getting
distracted.

1.5.2 Mental Agility

Memory games develop mental agility and deftness, by connecting the recently gathered
information with the older one. All these games mainly work to improve “temporal-spatial”
memory which helps you to understand the new information and make sense of it. The more we
memorize things, the better we will use and retain them in future. So, these memory games can

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help us to become more logically strong and to build our own and different logics from the
things which are already known to oneself. Basically these games open our mind to think
beyond.

1.6 Scope of the System

The objective of the proposed project is to increase the Thinking Capability.
The main purpose of this application is to help older people to retain their memory. These games
are the most beneficial because they help to improve memory in one’s particular area. They are
also good for those people who have already lost their memory due to their old age, for ex:
Alzheimer’s and Dementia patients. These memory games are web-based and can be played
anywhere according to ones preference and comfort. They can be played by a single user and
therefore old age people don’t have to be dependent on anyone for these games.

The sudoku game having all the records which you perform, in playing you can Select easy to
expert(hard) level according to your choice. You can make your own sudoku and at any step
you can cancel what you have written , you can pause the game, continue it and you can see in
what time frame you have completed the game as it is provided with a timer.

It is manually a very difficult job to perform and its need a lot of recalling, reminding and
mathematical calculations. Both of these games help to increase mental thinking , vision etc.

1.7 Limitation of the System

A scope limitation is a the part of the application which describes that whether the system is in
condition to run in all the fields or not. Scope limitations describes that this application will not
be able to some certain condition and on some certain devices.

Dementia is a severe disease faced by the aging groups of our societies. According to scientists
“Besides, due to the large number of games, it is difficult to select out effective ones. Yet, there
is no unified and comprehensive assessment methods for SGDC. So a reliable assessment model
is worth studying. In this paper, we review these existing research work on SGDC from two

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perspectives: (1) the development of SGDC; (2) the different symptoms in different dementia
stages.”

Limitations of having this program:

The users need a smart phone to start playing the Application.

1.8 Functionalities of the System

1.8.1 Core Functionalities

It includes a 3-D featured chess game to make it more interesting and Realistic for elderly
people.

1.8.2 Enhanced Features

The one can rotate and shifts the chess board according to the player’s turn.

1.8.3 Special Features

It includes variable themes.

1.9 Conclusion
Chapter 1 concludes the system background study which is done by the researcher. In this
chapter we learn about the system we are developing and what are the uses of the system and
why we need this application. We got to learn about the objective of the virtual assistant and
why we need the application. This chapter also conclude the applicability of the application and
where we can use the system. In this chapter we study about the limitation of the system and
what are the drawbacks of the application.

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CHAPTER 2: PROBLEM DESCRIPTION

2.1 Current Problem Description

After the starting phase of the initial research, developer has noticed and known a number of the
most drawback areas of the application that are in brief represented below:

2.2 Description of Problem Area

We are familiar with the offline memory games like Movie alphabet game(player one has to tell
a movie name then the next player has to give a movie name starting with the last letter of player
one’s movie and so on), Story stacking game(for ex: player one says I went to the restaurant last
night then the next player has to add something in this, like in went to the restaurant last night
with my friend etc) etc, offline sudoku etc. But these games can’t be played anywhere and these
are also not single player games, multiple users or players are required.
So online memory games are a bit easy and comfortable for elderly people, because they can
play these games anye
There are millions of memory games available online. Many of them are commercial so they’ll
give you a free teaser and then they’ll ask you to pay to access the site. However some are free
but there graphics are not very good or they seems to be boring. And most of the time they lack
variety of themes etc.

2.2.1 Problem Importance and Justification

There are millions of memory games are available online nowadays but many of them are
commercial so they’ll give you free teaser and they’ll ask you to pay to access the site. However
some are free but there graphics are not very good. And most of the time they lack variety of themes.

Many times user just find only a single game or a single variety of games.

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2.3 Proposed Solution

The solution for the current system is to develop a system which will sort out all the above
problems. The proposed system will work upon the current issues and will overcome the
problem.

In the fast growing field of software engineering and development and even more rapidly
growing sector of Web Application development the future is hard to predict. I’m working with
the browser-based application, as my Major Project is a credit subject and as part of my degree
I choose this type of work for doing better with development cycle, development period,
graphics, coding, adopting new technology, designing.

In general web application project is a project focusing on the creation of an application which
is independent of device operating system. Web applications are usually coded in browser
supported language such as JavaScript and HTML as these languages rely on the browser to
render the program executable. Some of the applications are dynamic, requiring server-side
processing. Others are completely static with no processing required t the server.

We can make a website which includes different types of memory games with variety of themes
and with good graphics which make it more interesting and fun for the user. They can experience
different variety of themes, so that they don’t get tired and bored easily. Memory games are a
fun way to keep your mind active and stimulated without boredom. These game are single player
games, so that the user can play it itself without being dependent on someone else. Basically,
user can play these games independently.

The first game which is a chess game in this website is in 3-D, which makes it more realistic
and attractive to the user. They can also play this game by on their own. They can move the
chess board 360 degree which make it more comfortable.

2.4 HardwareandSoftwareUsed for development

2.4.1 In this part we will see all the hardware devices and all the software which are used in this
for developing the application. For developing the application system should meet the minimum
specification requirement

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2.4.2 Hardware
Laptop :Dell
Model :Dell Inspiron 15 3000
Processor:Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-6006U CPU @ 2.00GHz
Ram:8 GB
Hard Disk:SSD480GB
SystemType:64-bit
OperatingSystem:Windows10

2.4.3 Software
Web applications are usually coded in browser-supported language such as JavaScript and HTML
as these languages rely on the browser to render the program executable. Some of the applications
are dynamic, requiring server-side processing. Others are completely static with no processing
required t the server.
There is a lot of confusion created by the use of terms like web-based, internet-based and cloud
based when referring to applications. Web-based applications actually encompass all the
applications that communicate with the user via HTTP. This includes light applications like Flash
games, online calculators, calendars and so on, as well as more intensive applications such as web-
based word processors and spreadsheet applications.

Fig 1 : Web application structure

*HTML5: HTML is the standard markup language for creating Web pages.
- HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language.
-HTML describes the structure of Web pages using markup.

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- HTML elements are the building blocks of HTML pages.

-HTML elements are represented by tags.
-HTML tags label pieces of content such as "heading", "paragraph", "table", and so on.
-Browsers do not display the HTML tags, but use them to render the content of the page.

* CSS: CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets.

-CSS describes how HTML elements are to be displayed on screen, paper, or in other media.
-CSS saves a lot of work. It can control the layout of multiple web pages all at once.
-External stylesheets are stored in CSS files.

Javascript : Javascript is a cross- platform, object-oriented scripting language used to make

webpages interactive( e.g having complex animations, clickable buttons, popup menus, etc.) .
There are also more advances server side versions of javascript such as node.js which allows us
to add more functionalities to a website than simply downloading files(such as real-time
collaboration between muktiple computers). Inside a host environment (for wx: a web browser)
javascript can be connected to the objects of its environment to pwivide programmatic control
over them.

2.5 Conclusion
Chapter 2 deals with the drawback discovered in the current study area, i.e. the problem that the
user face accessing the information about the organization. The problems were mentioned in the
document properly along with the justification for each problem. After identifying all the
drawbacks, the developer has to propose the solution which will solve the above problem. For
the same purpose, the corresponding solution and justification for each problem were
documented. A feasibility study of the system will then be carried out to make sure that the
proposed system is technically, functionally and financially competent and it will be developed
in the given time span. The proof of concept is successful and creates an additional avenue for
the developer to move the project forward.

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Chapter 3: LITERATURE REVIEW

3.1 Introduction to Literature Review

A literature review is the part in which the developer will study the already presented research
which is being done currently and using that developer will analyze the drawback in the current
existing system and then can make a strategy to remove those drawbacks.

In the first phase the research is done on the application which focus on the weakness of the
application.

In the first phase the research is done on the application which focus on the methodologies of the
application which is being use while development.

You will get to know about in the chapter below.

3.2 Advanced Preliminary Research

Sudoku is a Japanese abbreviation of a phrase meaning digits must remain single, also known
as Number place, where su meaning number, doku meaning which translates as single or
bachelor. Sudoku is not a mathematical or arithmetical puzzle. It works just as well if the
numbers are substituted with letters or some other symbols, but numbers work best.

The aim of puzzle is to enter a numerical digit from 1 to 9 in each cell of a 9 x 9 grid which is
made up of 3 x3 subsquares or sub-grids, starting with some digits given in some cells by the
generator and each row, column, and subgrids must contain only 1 to 9 numbers.

Throughout this document we refer to the whole puzzle as the grid or game board, a 3 x 3 subgrid
as a block and the individual grids that contains the number as a cell.

Fig 2: Sample sudoku game

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3.3 Feasibility Study

Feasibility study is used to determine that whether our will be able to complete the application
with provided resources and the time using available technologies. Using this study we decide
that whether we should build the application or not.

Technical feasibility: It includes finding out technologies for the project, both hardware and
software. For memory games, user just need a laptop or a mobile phone(this website is
responsible, so these games can be played on mobile devices) and an internet connection. These
are very cheap now a days and everyone generally possess them. Besides, system needs internet
connection. It is also not an issue in this era where almost every home or office has Wi-Fi.

Operational feasibility: It is the ease and simplicity of operation of proposed system. System

does not require any s pecial skill set for users to operate it. In fact, it is designed to be used

by almost everyone of any age category. Kids and teenagers or people with any age can play

these games to keep their mind stimulated and active.

Economical feasibility: Here, we find the total cost and benefit of the proposed system over
current system. For this project,the cost is not an issue because nowadays every one have a
cellphone and internet connection. It is cost economic and cost effective.

Organizational feasibility: This shows the management and organizational structure of the
project. This project is not built by a team. The management tasks are all to be carried out by a
single person. That won’t create any management issues and will increase the feasibility of the
project.

Cultural feasibility: It deals with compatibility of the project with cultural environment. Memoty
games website is built in accordance with the general culture. The project is named memory
games so as to represent Indian culture without undermining local beliefs.

3.4 Domain Research

Domain research is the main part of any project building. Developing team has to identify
different hardware and software requirement. Team has to decide which platform is the best and
more feasible for their project. During the time of research the researcher found different domain

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with their pro and cons. By kipping all that in the mind the team decided following domain to
work

The application’s domain area is focused on web-based application. Web applications are

usually coded in browser-supported language such as JavaScript and HTML as these languages

rely on the browser to render the program executable. Some of the applications are dynamic,

requiring server-side processing. Others are completely static with no processing required t the

server.

3.5 Android
This website is responsive and can be played on smaller screen devices like mobiles tablets etc.
Android is a Linux-primarily based totally running system and is greater of a cell
telecellsmartphone software program stack consisting specially of an running gadget,
middleware and key programs. The Android running gadget is an open-supply running gadget
for cell gadgets that has a Linux-primarily based totally kernel. Most of the library present in
the android are written in the core c, But for developing application based on java we majorly
uses Java and C# with the Android elegance extension.

Below there are some of android version are present:

Fig 3: android version

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3.5.1 Android Architecture

Figure 4: Android Architecture

Applications: Android provides number of application android is the most use operating system
which is being used in more than 80% present of smart phones. Android is Linux based system
which is used in different number of the devices like Smartphone tablet and laptops etc. for
accessing the android based application we use the goggle playstore or third party websites.

Android Runtime: At an equivalent level because the libraries, the golem runtime provides a
collection of core libraries that alter developers to put in writing golem applications
victimization the Java programming language. Android runtime provides the simulator in which
the developer can run their application inside the machine using a virtual workspace or the
virtual machine the application can run at any time and can be modify using the number of the
device hardware and software configuration.

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3.6 Security and Permissions

There are millions of memory games are available online nowadays but many of them are
commercial so they’ll give you free teaser and they’ll ask you to pay to access the site. However
some are free but there graphics are not very good. And most of the time they lack variety of themes.

It is a secured website to play games because it doesn’t say to provide user’s personal information
like passwords or gmails or anything like most of the website.

3.7 Conclusion
Chapter 3 contains an overview of the previous literature to provide a starting point for the
proposed project. Reviewing the literature, the existing systems for gathering knowledge within
the field of study were examined; what options are new What Technologies are being used while
developing the application and what are their specification and the scope of those systems. This
chapter conclude about the data and resources that are analyzed in the literature review and
studies or are investigated in the upcoming time to assemble the information data concerning
study area.

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Chapter 4 :RESEARCH METHODS

4.1 Solving methods

4.2 Brute force solving method:
A simple way to solve a Sudoku puzzle is to simply try filling each blank square with the
numbers 1 to 9 until a solution is found. I ended up devising three different implementaions of
this method , as shown below:

Method 1:

The first and most native solver starts at the top-left square and moves from left to right, to-
bottom, filling each blank saquare with a number from 1 to 9 until the grid is invalid (numbers
should not be duplicate) or until the grid is filled and valid(completed the puzzle).

Fig 5 : method 1

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Method 2:

The second implementation introduces the concept of ‘domains’. Each square in a grid has a
domain of up to 9 values(1 to 9) that is reduced according to numbers already present in the
intersecting row, column and region.

In this gird, we can reduce the domain of the left-top square to {1,4} since 2 and 3 already
appear in the first column.

Likewise, we can restrict the domain of the top-right square to {2}, since 3 and 1occur in the
rightmost column and 4 appears in the top-right region.

This sudoku solver acts in the same way as the previous implementation except that it restricts
the domains of the grid before it starts, only using numbers present in the initial domains. While
the domain restriction requires computation, it should result in significantly less backtracking
to find the solution of a grid.

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Fig 6: method 2

4.3 Conclusion
Chapter 4 is being all about the all the research which is done for finding about details on
technologies which are being used for developing the application which are Developing team
has to identify different hardware and software requirement. Team has to decide which platform
is the best and more feasible for their project. During the time of research the researcher found
different domain with their pro and cons. There were number of the method which was used to
determine the need of the software for developing the application. The reason behind the
research was that the developer will know all the details which he need remember while
developing phase and it will also save is time. In the above we discussed about an application
which is mwmory games. This chapter discuss about the technique used in the process of
developing the application.

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CHAPTER 5: ANALYSIS

5.1 Introduction
In the this chapter will make discuss about the method and methodology which we will be using
while developing the application in this we will get to know what method will be used to develop
and what will be the flow of the developing will be and we will discusses that what method will
be using for testing the application. In this we will get to know that how much time the project
will take in developing process and hoe much time it will take in testing. And we will check that
whether all the process will be completed in the expected time and the application will provide
the expected outcome.

5.2 Development strategy

It's very important that we plan our project before we start writing any code. Break our project
down into small pieces of work and plan out our approach to each one. It's much easier to debug
and fix an issue if we've only made a small change. It becomes much more difficult if we wait
longer to test our code.

Basic rules of sudoku:

-Start by building a sudoku grid of 9 x 9 spaces.

-We an use only numbers from 1 to 9.

-Each 3 x 3 box can only contain numbers from 1 to 9.

-Each vertical column can only contain numbers from 1 to 9.

-Each horizontal row can only contain numbers from 1 to 9.

- Each number in the 3 x 3 block, vertical column or horizonal row can be used only once.

- The game is over when the whole sudoku grid is correctly filled with numbers.

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For completing the project we will need model to follow for completing the project. The model
will help to plan the systematic and proper pat to complete the model.

Fig7 : model
5.3 Methodology Phase
5.3.1 Sudoku Game:

Fig 8 : sudoku structure

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The aim of puzzle is to enter a numerical digit from 1 to 9 in each cell of a 9 x 9 grid which is
made up of 3 x3 subsquares or sub-grids, starting with some digits given in some cells by the
generator and each row, column, and subgrids must contain only 1 to 9 numbers.

Throughout this document we refer to the whole puzzle as the grid or game board, a 3 x 3 subgrid
as a block and the

5.3.2 Chess Game:

Fig 9: chess structure

5.4 Research Methodology

Requirement for user:
The basic requirement was to create a simple Sudoku game and a chess game. In sudoku user can
be able to get different puzzles according to the level he choose, user is also able to check and get
a solution for those puzzles.
Considering this requirement a simple 9 x 9 grid layout has been made and discussed with the
users to find out what edxactly they expecr the user interface to be.
Some of the questions which raised during the discussion are:

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I . Layout
II . Interaction either from mouse or keyboard
III. Types of menus and variations.
IV. Resizable window or not
V. Timer
VI. Black and white theme
VII. Dark and light background.
VIII. Kind of help/support

Fig 10: Basic layout

5.5 logic behind these games

The generator is for creating qualified sudoku arrays. Combining with the solver , we could start to
make our own sudoku puzzles. The main technique in this algorithm is using permutations , based on
one qualified pattern to enumerate qualified sudoku arrays. Here we only use band permutations ( 3!
Time variations) , Row permutation within a band (3! Time variations), stack permutations(3!time
variaations), and column permutation within stack.

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Fig 11: Different types of permutations

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CHAPTER 6: DEVELOPMENT RQUIREMENTS & TOOLS

6.1 Hardware Specification

6.1.1 Computer Specification:
For creating a Virtual Assistant application, a computer must have a minimum hardware required
specification. which is shown below.

Figure 18 PC Configuration

Processor: IntelPentium
CPU: 1.80GHz
Memory: 8.00 GB

6.1.2 User Device Configuration

Android-Version Upto 7.00
Memory: 2GB
Storage: 150MB
Mic

This is the minimum device configuration.

6.2 Application Requirements

Before discussing about the specification requirement of the application in the end user device ,
it is important to have detailsonthefollowing:

Current methodsusedinindustryfordevelopingwebsite.
An understanding of the formatsavailable.
ImplementationdetailsothemethodsusedinAppdevelopment.

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First of all we need to ask that why we need to create the application correctly? The reason behind
this is, when user will use this application user should feel that it fulfill his/her all need.

6.3 Sudoku database

This part of the system comprises the collection of puzzeles obtaind from different sources in a
text file. The system also allows user to store and retrieve their unfinidhed puzzles.
The block diagram is:

Fig 12: block diagram

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CHAPTER 7: IMPLEMENTATION
7.1 Introduction
The initial phase of the project is design after completing of that phase, the developer determine
that all the specification is consistent with the proposed system The developer which design are
being used have to prefect because it will reflect the real time result that is why it is consider
one of the most important part of the project development. This phase involves the vigorous use
of software to convert the prepared modules into a application with expected outcome. In order
to be able to work on the real system, the requirement for the developer would be a programming
language and a programming tool. The developer chooses to work with the IBMCloud, Salsa
Lip-Sync, Blender, Unity 3D Engine and the chosen development language would be C#. The
developer had to go through a series of bugs that hampered the runtime of the implementation.
This chapter sheds light on how the design was implemented and what shortcomings there were.
in the implementation of the system. Additionally, a list of problems is mentioned and what
were the possible solutions that were provided.

7.2 Tools used for Implementation

The developer has mentioned all the tools he used while developing the system.

Table 6:Tools used for Implementation

Tools Purpose

Windows 10 For running all the application and software we used the
Microsoft’s windows 10.

Microsoft-Word 2010 For Project documentation.

Microsoft-Project 2010 For creating Gantt Chart.

Unity Game Engine It is used to design and develop the application

Android Device A Android based phone for showing the application.

Blender 3D Used to create 3d Models.

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7.3 Implementation Plan

The implementation part is additionally cited because the take a look at phase. when everything
is completed, the supervisor tests the applications. All the test cases are checked by our
supervisor teacher and we were informed about the errors and the bugs throughout the process.
If a blunder occurred during the test, the error are fastened. The test is continual till all
application errors are fixed and therefore the application runs with success as per needs.

The supervisor is additionally provided the guidelines about solving the errors. The
implementation part represents the primary check of the whole course, and thus it's counseled
to not absolutely divide this phase into 2 parts: a test implementation phase and a final
implementation phase.

The execution phase is a test phase. The tester tests the full applications. The tests aim to find the
vulnerabilities and reveal any bugs that were not observed during the build process.

At the time of the testing, the supervisor deeply went through the applicationand informed us
for the possible improvements and correctable errors. In this phase, the test run project and the
user test run are running. to ensure that the project is usable and running as it is expected to
work.

User testing takes place before the final version of the application is being released. This is the
final phase of the testing Where the tester try to find the errors and the bugs in the application.

And according to the feedback of the tester the developer fix the errors and bugs.

7.4 User-Manual

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This User guide gives the proper information about how to use the application. And perform the
simple task on the application.

Figure 25:Launch App

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Figure 26 Splash Screen

Figure 27 Mic Permission

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Figure 28 Menu

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7.5 Technical Manual

Developer Note: The mobile phone which is being used should be have enabled developer mode
if not it can be enabled in the system settings:

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graphics and Descriptions

Figure 32: Add Project in Unity Hub

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Figure 33: Select Projects in Unity Hub

Figure 34: Opening Project in Unity studio

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CHAPTER 8: TESTING
“... we have as many testers as we have developers. And testers spend all their time testing, and
developers spend half their time testing. We're more of a testing, a quality software organization
than we're a software organization.” – Bill Gates.

8.1 Introduction
One of the most important part of any software development process is testing which is use to
find the errors , irregularities and bugs which will be fixed by the developer. The goal of testing
is to discover different classes of bugs with a minimum of time and effort. system, the system
must face the test cases and the outcome the testcases after the testing should be correct as it is
expected.

8.2 Need of Testing

The importance of the testing section in every application is to check and confirm the complete
application is working fine. so it runs and renders needless to say and every one options work
as outlined within the project specification form. Testing doesn't need the developer to check
every and each section of code to ascertain it for errors and endure bugs and errors that exist in
it, however its goal is to find the things that the system or may have an effect on the project or
which can render the project unsuccessful. Therefore, tests are performed to enhance the
standard of the made system so it's satisfactorily acceptable to the meant user.

The Key points of this chapter include:

The different types of testing done.

The duration taken to test.
The person(s) involved.
The reported errors.
The measures taken.

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8.3 Test Plan

Test plan process usually consider to prevent the unwanted outcome, errors and bugs in the application.

8.3.1 Type of Testing

Figure 36 Testing Flow

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Testing
S. No Requirement
Technique

Testing individual system components or software modules. This type of

testing is only done by developers because it requires detailed knowledge
of the internal program design and code.
Source-Code
1.
Testing

The compatibility test is employed to see if the system causes issues

regarding its operation in regard to the software and also the differing
kinds of hardware and software within the system. The developer
performs this sort of testing on completely different hardware/software
platforms to check the compatibility of the system on every platform.
Compatibility-
2.
Testing

The test is conducted to verify that the system design conforms to the six
predefined design principles of the HCIU and that the system is easy to
3. GUI-Testing use.

The purpose of usability testing is to see if a product or document can work

with its meant users or readers. This should be done by evaluating a
product by observant the important folks acting on it or victimization it to
enhance or improve the system. finish users run the system to check it.
4. Usability-Testing

Documentation tests should be performed to check whether the system

Documentation- documentation is meaningful and user-friendly or not.
5.
Testing

8.3.2 Pass and Fail Criteria

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The system created meets all specifications mentioned within the project specification kind and
every one user needs raised throughout the analysis phase.

All modules/functionalities are enforced in such some way that the required system runs error-free and
quickly.

The system shall be verified for usability based on well-established principles of

humancomputer interaction (HCI) and aimed at achieving the application's usability,
navigation, completion time and debugging .

8.4 Users Involved in Testing

The developer will play the role of tester.

8.5 Source Code Testing

In computing, source code is any collection of code, with or without comments, written using a
human-readable programming language, usually in plain text..

It works across Android and most of the AR applications are coded in Unity. Using the most popular
language for the most popular engine i.e., C#.

8.5Bot Manager

usingSystem.Collections; usingSystem.Collections.Generic; usingSystem.Text.RegularExpressions; usingIBM.Cloud.SDK.Utilities;

usingUnityEngine;

publicclassBotManager :MonoBehaviour
{
[SerializeField]

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privateTextToSpeechtextToSpeech;
[SerializeField]
privateSpeechToTextspeechToText;
[SerializeField] privateIBMWatsonibmWatson;

voidStart() {
Runnable.Run(ibmWatson.Welcome());
}
voidUpdate()
{
// Debug.LogWarning("STT Status: " + speechToText.GetStatus() + ", TTS Status: "
+ textToSpeech.GetStatus());
// We check SpeechToText and TextToSpeech statuses to make control.
if (speechToText.GetStatus() ==
SpeechToText.ProcessingStatus.Listening&&textToSpeech.GetStatus() ==
TextToSpeech.SpeakingStatus.NotSpeaking)
{
speechToText.Active = true; speechToText.StartRecording();
}
elseif(speechToText.GetStatus() ==
SpeechToText.ProcessingStatus.Talking&&textToSpeech.GetStatus() ==
TextToSpeech.SpeakingStatus.NotSpeaking)
{
speechToText.SetStatus(SpeechToText.ProcessingStatus.Idle);
speechToText.Active = false; speechToText.StopRecording();
// Removing special characters from input text because IBM got stucks with special characters.
// Reason behind it they are using the special characters for controlling language understanding YAML files.
ibmWatson.SendQuestion(Regex.Replace(textToSpeech.textInput.text,
@"[^0-9a-zA-Z\._]", " "));
}

if(ibmWatson.chatStatus == IBMWatson.ProcessingStatus.Processed)

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{
ibmWatson.chatStatus = IBMWatson.ProcessingStatus.Idle; textToSpeech.StartTextToSpeech(ibmWatson.textResponse);
}

}
}

8.5.2 Speak Button

usingSystem.Collections; usingSystem.Collections.Generic;
usingUnityEngine;
usingUnityEngine.EventSystems;

publicclassSpeakButton :MonoBehaviour, IPointerDownHandler, IPointerUpHandler {

// Defining the components for SpeechToText and Animator.
publicSpeechToTextspeechToText; private Animator animator;
privatevoidStart() {
animator = GetComponent<Animator>();
}
// We check if button is pressing animate the button and change the state for SpeechToText.
publicvoidOnPointerDown(PointerEventDataeventData)
{
animator.SetBool("isPressed", true);
speechToText.status = SpeechToText.ProcessingStatus.Listening;
}
publicvoidOnPointerUp(PointerEventDataeventData)
{
animator.SetBool("isPressed", false);
speechToText.status = SpeechToText.ProcessingStatus.Thinking;

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8.6 Compatibility Testing

The compatibility test is employed to see if the system causes issues regarding its operation in
regard to the software and also the differing kinds of hardware and software within the system.
The developer performs this sort of testing on completely different hardware/software platforms
to check the compatibility of the system on every platform.

The purpose of this check is to seek out out if the planned system can run in a very specific atmosphere
consisting of hardware, software, network, operative system, and so on.

8.6.1 Justification for Compatibility Testing

A 3D virtual chat assistant is tested for different hardware and software platforms when the system
supports all platforms.

The system is the first to be tested for Android OS versions where it runs fine on Marshmallow or higher
Android versions.

The system hardware should also be tested for how much RAM is required to run the system properly.

Project Name 3D Talking Virtual Assistant)

S. No Testing Method Expected Result Actual Result Status

1. Hardware Test (As per The app runs as it is App runs Pass
expected with an appropriately as
the hardware
required speed without expected.
requirement specified,

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Android Smartphone – any barriers or

Marshmallow or above, difficulties.
5 MP Rear Camera,
RAM – 50MB, Disk
Space – 100 MB).

2. Operating System Test The developed The application Pass

application is only worked perfectly fine
compatible with for android operating
Android operating system.
system because it is a
mobile based app
developed for
smartphone and tablet
users.
3. Development Platform

3.1. Unity 3D engine The app should run The application ran Pass
perfectly fine without smoothly without any
any interruption.
errors.

3.2 Blender 3D The 3D Models should The application worked Pass

run smoothly without any fine.
errors or exceptions.

8.7 GUI Testing

Graphical user interface (GUI) testing tests the system's GUI. It includes testing the screens with
GUI controls like menus, buttons, icons and all kinds of bars, toolbars, menu bars, dialog boxes
and windows. etc.

The system is test for GUI based upon six design principles:

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Table 8 GUI Testing

Project Name An Intelligent Railway Ticket Checker

Test Case ID GUI Testing Case Name App GUI Test

Testing Priority High Tester Developer

Testing Date April 11, 2019 Testing Duration 1 Day

Items Questions Answers

Icons Does the logo have meaningful presentation? Yes No N.A.

Do they explain the expected action? Yes No N.A.

Is relevent icons used? Yes No N.A.

Are the icon si e consistent (width and height). Yes No N.A.

Screen Design Is the layout logical so that the user does not have to search Yes No N.A.
for typical functions?

Are graphics and text arranged on the screens in such a way Yes No N.A.
that they are easy to view and are not clustered?

Are themes used for all types of user? Yes No N.A.

Themes Do the used themes colours are sufficient contrast to Yes No N.A.
reduce eye strain?

Fonts Are fonts consistent throughout the system? Yes No N.A.

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Are the fonts used are available are available in all types of Yes No N.A.
operating system?

8.8 Usability Testing and its Justification

Usability tests are carried out to check how easy and attractive and responsive the applications
user interface is to use and how user-friendly the system is. Check how userfriendly or user-
friendly the system is for different categories of users. Therefore, this is designed from the end
user's point of view. Usability tests therefore ensure that users of the system can easily,
efficiently and effectively execute the system's functionalities. Usability tests are performed by
end users. Measure the system in five components; Learnability, Efficiency, Memorability,
Errors and User Satisfaction.

Learn ability: It measures however straightforward it's for the top user to access the system'
functionalities or how easy it is to execute the system interface. For example, the projected
system encompasses a easy interface composed of forms, buttons, and different interactive GUI
controls that facilitate learning. The editorial texts additionally enclosed suggestions to create
the system easier to use.

Efficiency:It measures how fastapplication functions and tasks can be completed. For example, the
system is quite fast, efficiently guiding the user from one activity to another.

Memorability:It measures however well the tip user will remember the system and its
functionalities once accessing the system once an extended amount of time. For example, the
easy and interactive interface makes it straightforward for the user to recollect the functions of
the system. Metaphors were wont to improve the memorability property of the system.

Errors:It measures how effectively the system can recover from errors. The proposed system
The proposed system is not error-prone; a popup message is provided when an error or exception
is expected.

User Satisfaction:It determines how much the user likes the application or how comfertable they
are with the system. For example, achieving the above components contributes to user
satisfaction, achieving learnability, recall, efficiency, and debugging to achieve user
satisfaction.

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Questionnaire
Table 9Questionaire
1. Was the application easy to use, easy to learn, easy to navigate through various forums or page?

2. Was the application efficiency while performing various takes? as it was expected

3. Was the application free from errors and bugs or was capable enough to recover you from errors?

4. Was the application easy to memorize when executed again but after a period of time?

5. Were you satisfied with the application completely?

RatingCriteria
Excellent-5 Very-Good-4 Good-3 Average-2 Poor-1
Usability Testing on the basis of five factors
Table 10 Testing Factors
User Learn-ability Efficiency Memor-ability Errors User Total Average
Satisfaction

Ankit 5 5 4 4 3 21 4.2

Chandan 5 5 3 5 4 22 4.4

Satyam 4 5 3 5 5 22 4.4

Sourav 4 5 4 5 5 23 4.6

Kartik 5 5 4 5 4 23 4.6

Overall Average: 4.44(88.80%); Usability Achieved

8.9 Documentation testing

This test is performed to verify the accuracy and completeness of the document. All the
important criteria must be met and a well-presented document published so that it meets all the
standards required by the project manager. The integrity of the documentation has been verified
with the last year. The specification of the project documentation provided by the project leader.
MS Word spell checker also helped in correcting spelling and grammar.
Table 11 Criteria Checklist
Criteria from FYP Checklist Status

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Proper referencing and citation have been done. Yes

Ethical form is signed by supervisor. Yes

Documentation pages have proper numbering, header and footer. Yes

Header: Kurukshetra University Logo (LHS)
Project Title (Centre)
PIET Logo (RHS)
Footer: Roll Number(LHS)
Panipat Institute of Engineering and Technology (Centre)
Page Number (RHS)
There are no spelling mistakes in the documentation. Yes

Documentation has been verified with Turnitin. Yes

Questionnaires have been defined why they have been used and a justification is given for Yes
each particular question.

Credible internet references are used. Yes

Must give reference Yes

Justify has been given why an approach, tool, languages, concept etc. was chosen. Yes

Ethical Form has been included. Yes

All the log sheets are attached. Yes

“Developer” word has been used instead of word “I” Yes

8.10 Conclusion
Testing permits developers to deliver software system that meets expectations, prevents sudden
results, and improves the semi permanent maintainability of the application. Early testing is
important because the developer seeks to scale back costs, wasted time, and rework, and
increase quality.

software system testing helped the developer to find bugs within the system, make sure the
productivity and quality of the system, study and run code in several environments on different
platforms. interface tests were performed to verify the system style; however straightforward
it's to use and whether or not it conforms to the six HCIU design principles. In the end, the end
users of the system performed usability and user acceptance tests to get their opinion about the

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system, how much the system can be used and whether the system is designed to fully satisfy
the users.

The system was found to be workable; since it has achieved learning ability, efficiency,
memorability, accuracy and satisfaction for the user. User satisfaction was achieved by ensuring
that the system is now operational.

Finally, documentation tests were carried out to ensure that the system is well documented with the
appropriate level of English.

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CHAPTER 9: CRITICAL EVALUATION

9.1 Critical Evaluation
After finishing the project on the developer side, it' time to critically assess the project by
comparison the project associate degreed its wants with the specifications provided within the
project specification form. Since the developer did intensive analysis on the functionalities of
the system, he applied an intensive analysis. once analysis and analysis, the developer designed
the system to line goals, that were implemented thus tested to fix any bugs, if gift within the
system, to provide a bug-free system.

Now it's time to critically observe and measure the system, which has the complete analysis of the
system.

The important analysis isn't done module by module, however the total system is evaluated to work
out the quality, importance and worth of the system.

The last part is that the analysis phase. it's the method of soliciting Supervisor feedback on
application, 3D Interface, logos, and buttons. It aims to make sure that the applications meet the
wants of the users. In any case all the documentation and user guide and implementation is
shared with the end user.

This partmeasures the usefulness and competence of teaching. This evaluation includes the
process of collecting user response on the content, graphics, audio, animation, interface, etc.
that the application uses. This process is doneby through the purchase methods. , tests,
questionnaires, interviews, etc. to confirm that the application is working as it is expected. In
this phase there is the cleaning and the final product. When debugging is the first identified
errors.

After the check run has been performed, the errors encountered by the users ought to be
identified. Bugs and errors should be dropped at lightweight so the developer will make changes
into the application according to the feedback of the testers. ensuing step is to search out a
solution. Once bugs are identified, workarounds should be performed to repair them. within the

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final product, the developer must gift his product. the merchandise is prepared to be bestowed
and launched so that an oversized audience can get pleasure from this app on the developers
website.

9.1.1 Finding Error

When the application for the testing part is completed, an emerging bug needs to be identified,
the problem of which occurs during implementation. The developer should take the example of
an error and precision with care to ensure the efficiency of the project.

9.1.2 proposing the Solution

After the tester feedback the developer worked on the problem and worked on the issues and completed
the application

9.2 Framework

Figure 38 Framework Flow

When the user gives the voice command to the assistant, the assistant records the voice
command and then sends it to the IBM Cloud service, where it processes the voice command
into the text command, and then compares the command with its base and tries to find the most

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relevant data according to it of the question and when it finds the relevant answer according to
the command, it processes the text-to-speech answer and resends the data to the Unity Engine.

9.3 Solution Complexity

Figure 39 Framework Flowchart

CHAPTER 10: CONCLUSION

10.1 CONCLUSION
In this project we tried to create an virtual assistant which will provide the basic information about an
particular organization.

There is an increased overall awareness and a higher level of comfort demonstrated specifically
by millennial consumers. In this ever-evolving digital world where speed, efficiency, and
convenience are constantly being optimized, it’s clear that we are moving towards less screen
interaction.

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Main reason to create an virtual assistant so a user can getbasic information about an particular
organization .

The main purpose of this application is to provide the basic information about the organization
such as location of the organization, accessibility and contact Information about the
organization user also can search about basic queries like dress code and fee structure etc. In
the future, we want to develop a application which will be server based which will configure
the result using previous commands. and make this assistant intelligent enough so it can fulfill
the user needs .

When you user will give the voice command to the assistant the assistant will record the voice
command and then It will be sent to IBM cloud service where It will process the speech
command into the text command and then It will match the command to its database and try to
find the most relevant data according to the question and when it will find the relevant answer
according to the command then it will process the response from text to the speech and will
send the data to Unity Engine back again where the engine will integrate the speech with Salsa
Lip-Sync and then the final outcome will be a speech with the realistic expression of 3D avatar.

-Use of IBM Cloud for innovativeness

-Managing the huge Inner Organization functions.

-Attractive Interface
-Oculus Lip-sync for natural expression

10.2 SCOPE FOR FUTURE WORK

The main purpose of this application is to provide the basic information about the organization
such as location of the organization, accessibility and contact Information about the
organization user also can search about basic queries like dress code and fee structure etc. In
the future, we want to develop a application which will be server based which will configure
the result using previous commands. and make this assistant intelligent enough so it can fulfill
the user needs . The system will be working for a particular organization and will be used by
student who want to take admission.

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Few are functionalities that can be add: -Search

Engine with voice Command can be add -

Details of geographical state.

-Reminder and To-Do application.

-Weather application.

CHAPTER11: REFERENCES

VangieBeal,"FindaTechnologyDefinition,"23032020.[Online].Available:https://www.
webopedia.com/TERM/A/Augmented_Reality.html.

"arplate.com,"arplate,18052018.[Online].Available:http://arplate.com/2018/05/18/hello -world/.

Hartvigsen G, Johansen S, Widding RA, Bellika G, Cao W. The Virtual Secretary.

[Online].Available:https://jarit.app/blog/5.

"medtechboston.medstro.com,"24022016.[Online].Available:https://medtechboston.me
dstro.com/blog/2016/05/24/16045/.

Lau, Hebitz CH, and Jeffrey CF Ho. "Dimension-Based Interactions with Virtual Assistants:
A Co-Design Project with Design Fictions." Multimodal Technologies and Interaction 5.12
(2021): 78.

https://www.academia.edu/40229169/PROJECT_REPORT_ON_VIRTUAL_ASSIST
ANT_SUBMITTED_BY_NAAZNEEN_JATU

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264001644_Virtual_Personal_Assistant

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https://www.thebalancesmb.com/best-virtual-personal-assistant-services-5079587

https://developer.vuforia.com/

https://www.academia.edu/

https://developer.oculus.com/documentation/unity/audio-ovrlipsync-unity/

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 Project-III – (PROJ-CS-402A) PROGRESS CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project- III report (PROJ–CS-402A) entitled “3D Virtual Talking
Assistant “done by Tej Grover(2818045), Satyam(2818064) is an authentic work carried out
by him at PIET, Samalkha, Panipat under Mr. Mohit Lalit guidance. The matter embodied in
this project work has not been submitted earlier for the award of any degree or diploma to the
best of my knowledge and belief.

Module Completed/ Guide

Sr.
Activity performed/ Date Signature Guide Remarks
No
Project Report Status with date
Discussion on
functionalities of the 05th April
1
project to be 2022
implemented
Discussion on analysis
and design phase along 06th May
2
with partial 2022
implementation of project
Discussion on Overall
project functionalities
01st June
3 and
documentation(Turnitin 2022
report)

*Final Remarks by Guide:-

Guide Name

(Project Guide)
3 D Virtual Assistant

ORIGINALITY REPORT

20 % 7% 1% 20%
SIMILARITY INDEX INTERNET SOURCES PUBLICATIONS STUDENT PAPERS

PRIMARY SOURCES

Submitted to Panipat Institute of Engineering 1 14%

& Technology
Student Paper

Submitted to Engineers Australia

2 Student Paper 3%
www.scribd.com
3 Internet Source 1%
clearbridgemobile.com
4 Internet Source 1%
Submitted to Higher Education Commission
5 < 1%
Pakistan
Student Paper
 techengage.com
6 Internet Source < 1%
Submitted to University of Wales, Lampeter
7 Student Paper < 1%
dspace.daffodilvarsity.edu.bd:8080
8 Internet Source < 1%
9 Submitted to PSB Academy (ACP eSolutions)
Student Paper

< 1%
Submitted to Da Vinci Institute
10 Student Paper < 1%

www.techopedia.com
11 Internet Source < 1%

Submitted to Amity University

12 Student Paper < 1%

Submitted to University of East London

13 Student Paper < 1%
 Submitted to University of Gloucestershire
14 Student Paper < 1%

Submitted to Asia Pacific University College of 15 < 1%

Technology and Innovation (UCTI)
Student Paper

wiredspace.wits.ac.za
16 Internet Source < 1%

www.slideshare.net
17 Internet Source < 1%
Exclude quotes On Exclude matches Off
Exclude bibliography On