MINISTRY OF EDUCATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN

AZERBAIJAN ARCHITECTURE AND CONSTRUCTION UNIVERSITY

In the manuscript right

BABAYEVA FATİMA DAUGHTER OF RASİM

"CONCEPTUAL, FUTURİSTİC, REAL ARCHITECTURAL SYSTEMS"

MASTER'S DISSERTATİON

Specialization: 060633-
ARCHITECTURE
Specialization in Architecture:
Architectural Environmental Design

Academic supervisor: Assoc. of the "Design" department. Daughter of Dadashova

Sevda Khanbala

BAKU-2022

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 CONTENTS

ENTRANCE................................................................................................................3
CHAPTER ONE. I. CONCEPTUAL ARCHITECTURAL SYSTEMS ………..6
1.1. Conceptual architecture is a creative style of thought...........................................6
1.2.Social and communicative potential of conceptual architecture.......................... .9
CHAPTER II. FUTURISTIC ARCHITECTURAL CONCEPTS.................. ....12
2.1. Futuristic architecture is a direction to the future...............… …..................... ..12
2.2. Modernity of futuristic architecture ...........…………………………………….15
CHAPTER III. MODERN ARCHITECTURE IN SPATIAL
ORGANIZATION ARTISTIC IMAGE .................................………………...…19
3.1 . Synthesis of artistic, scientific and technical principles ………………….........19
3.2. Artistic images of modern architecture ………………………………………...23
FİNAL RESULT……………………………………………………………...........26
LIST OF USED LITERATURE…………………………......................................28
ILLUSTRATION…………………………………………………………………..30

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 ENTRANCE

Architecture develops like any sphere of human activity without stopping in

place. The development of the existing situation and architecture in the country
depends on the introduction of innovations that technology brings with it. The
application of technological innovations without knowledge of their impact on
society and the attitude of the population towards technological innovations is not
considered appropriate. Conceptuality, technology, futurism, these terms developed
in a relationship. Conceptualism is primarily common and known in all spheres of
art: art, literature, painting, design. Today we see how important creativity is in
architecture and other forms of art. Architecture uses concept, conceptuality, starting
with styles created in architecture, ending with technological materials, in art, mainly
in painting, starting with painting and ending with the appearance of any form.
The relevance of the topic - the relevance of the presented work lies in the fact
that abstract and conceptual architecture in the context of the artistic search in the
culture of the twentieth century is in the whole scientific art, the dissemination of
which is due to the need to comprehend it, which meets the important ideas of the
time, reflects the dynamic The generality of modern, futuristic architecture, artistic
and cultural phenomena of the present time is studied by modern architects mainly
from the point of view of specific stylistic forms - style orientation, author's style or
method, style or lifestyle. Conceptual architecture is a form of architecture that uses
conceptualism, characterized by the application of ideas or concepts from the outside.
Conceptuality has played the role of a direction and style in architecture and art, and
here, first of all, the main creativity and creativity come to the fore. Whether in art or
architecture, the main goal is to have creativity, concepts and ideas that make people
think. Conceptuality plays such a role in painting, making people think logically.
Forms and objects, words in conceptual art. the pictures convey the underlying
expressions to the people. Today, this kind of creativity is more widespread. In the
age of development of technology, computer and telephone, people have been
deprived of communication and in every media program, even in exhibitions, it is

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possible to see underline figures, artworks or sentences that show people the situation
of today. They are an idea conveyed to people, and the purpose is to make people
think deeper. In conceptual art, it has influenced such directions as body art (body
performance), electronic art, and poor art. In architecture, as we know, the concept,
appearance and technology, the construction of the building based on modern
innovations are taken as the basis. The reason for the increase in the number of such
conceptual architects today is due to the increase in demand for unusual, cosmic, neo-
futuristic type buildings based on high technologies. This kind of development comes
from the widespread use of reinforced concrete, metal and glass constructions, and
the country of Azerbaijan has managed to develop with its urban environment in the
last 10-15 years. New concept business buildings Flame towers, malls. the Heydar
Aliyev cultural center, the carpet museum, which is a project of the famous architect
Zaha Hadid, all of them are conceptual and designed as a result of modern,
technological equipment. If a country is constantly developing and puts its future in
sight, it can stand out from other countries. No country can move forward without
thinking about its future and developing its architectural environment. Futurism is a
goal of a country related to the future, it is a pillar of development of countries going
to the future.
The purpose of the study
- The emergence of conceptualism and its effects in art and architecture;
- The history and role of conceptualism in art;
- How conceptualism is approached in architecture and how conceptual architecture
has been used in Azerbaijan in the last 10-15 years;
- Different architects and artists view conceptuality;
- To show the innovations of modern architecture, mainly futuristic architecture, by
giving examples of the works of famous architects;
-Illustrate the importance of concept, appearance and technology and how they play
a role in architecture;
As the object and subject of the Master's dissertation- information was given
about the creativity and projects of artists and architects who are considered famous
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 in the world both in fine arts and architecture. Examining how conceptualism plays
a role in both art and architecture and its impact on technology and contemporary
architecture, these questions are posed:
What is the purpose of conceptualism in art? How is conceptuality perceived in
architecture?
How widespread are these conceptual ideas in Azerbaijan?
What did famous architects such as Norman Foster, Zaha Hadid, Toyo Ito achieve
by creating futuristic projects and how did it affect architecture?
What are the effects of technology on architecture and which buildings are
considered more modern, futuristic?
Method of research - The role of conceptualism in architecture and art, the study of
futuristic, modern building projects and the influence of futurism in architecture.
Sources. Scientific-literary sources, articles, videos, internet resources, textbooks,
scientific literature and periodical press resources were used.
Dissertation volume. The dissertation consists of an introduction, 3 chapters, a
conclusion and a list of used literature. First of all, chapter 1 provides information on
the origin of conceptualism and its role in art, and then on its influence on
architecture. In the second chapter, realizing that conceptualism plays a big role in
modern architecture, transition to futuristic architecture was made, and information
was given about the role of appearance in architecture by taking examples from the
projects of famous architects. In the third chapter, futuristic architecture is connected
with technology.
Scientific Innovation - The scientific innovation of the topic is the use of new
technological materials based on new innovations in Azerbaijan, inspired by the
projects of famous architects, the application of the forms and constructions created
by them in architecture, providing a modern futuristic conceptual cultural center
based on conceptual ideas and in the style of neo-futurism, incorporating the culture
of Azerbaijan-Futuristic Conseptual Cultural Center. This Cultural Center is
distinguished from others by the interior, function, structure and service of the rooms.

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 CHAPTER ONE. I. CONCEPTUAL ARCHITECTURAL SYSTEMS
1.1. Conceptual architecture is a creative style of thought

Conceptualism, or conceptual art (from the Latin "conceptus" - thought, image)

is a literary and artistic direction in postmodernism that declares that the idea and
concept of a work is more important than its form of artistic expression. The
movement was formed in the late 1960s and aims to combine the artist's creativity
with his research on the part of the viewer, changing the usual communication
relationship between the viewer and the work. The goal of the conceptual artist is to
make his work intellectually interesting for the viewer and at the same time touch his
heart. Conceptualism is a generalizing concept for several types of art. A
conceptualist artist does not try to create a finished work. Followers of this art are
sure that their paintings, sculptures, should not arouse emotions in the viewer, but
intellectually rethink what they see. Here, the idea or concept covers the most
important area of the work. When an artist uses a conceptual art form, all the
planning and decisions are made in advance, and the execution is a formal matter.
Conceptual objects can exist in the form of expressions, texts, diagrams, graphs,
drawings, photographs, audio and video materials [17]. Art objects may not have
such a high value because the main concept and the execution are secondary. Among
the actual objects not intended for artistic purposes and ready-made works of art can
be found art objects that are not very valuable. They can be changed by the artist,
partially included in the work, combined with other objects and used in many other
ways. Many people doubt that it can be considered art at all, because the work of art
is not unique and was not created by the artist from scratch..
The fundamental contrast of conceptual art to traditional art is based on Marcel
Dushan and Dadaists.For the first time in 1917, a work by Marcel Dushan called the
fountain appears, which the artist calls this bastion conceptual.Dushan then explores
the goals and means of artistic language in his work" bicycle wheel".He not only
asked questions, but also studied the social function of the artist, applied philosophy
to art. The work" fountain " is a genre presented by Dushan. The artist proved by this
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that in order to come up with something new, it is not necessary to create it -
everything that can become a work of art already exists in the world that surrounds
us. That is, ready-made objects are ready-made objects that are transferred from the
usual place of residence to the new context .This work of Dushan retained its
relevance for years, and in 1960 conceptualism paved the way for the development of
the term. Conceptual art is based mainly on the idea that the artistic work can ask
questions, preferring the intellectual and ironic infrastructure of the work to its formal
structure. It is Joseph Koshut who is considered one of its most important
representatives here.
Joseph Koshut is considered to be a famous contemporary American artist,
essayist, publicist, journalist and practitioner of conceptual art and one of its creators
in the mid-1960s. For the first time, he preferred the use of words instead of all kinds
of visual representations, exploring the relationship between ideas and the images and
words used to convey them. This notion was one of the main forces that pushed
conceptual art into the movement in the late 1960s.
The artist worked on the work" one and three chairs " as a student. The work
looks like a chair, a photo of this chair and a copy of the dictionary word "chair" are
available. The main thing for understanding the work is that the photo depicts exactly
the exhibited chair. It is possible to change the chair itself, it still does not lose its
meaning, even if it is replaced by a chair of another shape. American artist, one of the
main representatives of minimalism and conceptualism, known as the author of
theoretical works on conceptualism. - is a trend that aims to redefine it by
questioning." - LeWitt. Sol LeWitt's article "The Paragraphs of Conceptual Art"
(1969) was instrumental in establishing conceptual art as a term. [1]. Sol Levitt used
geometric geometric shapes, various 3D views and illusions in his works. At first, he
tried to bring out different looks using materials such as stone, brick, and plastic.
In the last 15-20 years, conceptual ideas have been applied in Azerbaijani art.
Artist and curator Sabina Shikhlinskaya is one of the brightest promoters of modern
conceptual art in Baku. After the first attempt in 1996, when Sabina Shikhlinskaya
and a group of Azerbaijani artists installed a labyrinth in the gallery space, she made

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a complete transition from traditional painting to modern art. In 1999, Sabina curated
the project on "Lost Paradise" and the artists participating in the project collected
objects found on the Absheron Peninsula and created installations dedicated to the
ecological decline of Baku. In four parts, it chronicles the development of the
industry, where color and expressive brushstrokes depict the emotional impact of oil
on society and the environment. "In modern conceptual art, it is always clear that the
artist's message should be easier and more critical. Because modern art cannot be
decorative. It was originally created as a result of a critical attitude and was based on
the study of a certain deep thought. "- Sabina Sh. The project called "Disappearance"
organized by the artist was held within the framework of the festival held for the
purpose of preserving the cultural heritage of Azerbaijan. The goal was to show that
today our architectural heritage is in a terrible state. The reason was the
disappearance of all urban clusters in Baku and at the same time being erased from
our memory. The exhibition was held in the form of a kind of protest, and the
exhibition was held not in a gallery or museum, but in the most destroyed place of the
Soviet Union, in the cultural club named after Abilov. By creating such works of art
and holding exhibitions, the artist tried to spread conceptual fine art and brought the
problems of the country to the fore.Farid Rasulov is a famous conceptual artist and
works in various genres. He represented Azerbaijan at the 53rd Venice Biennale. The
artist is known for his unusual use of carpets in his work. In the interiors of the
rooms, only the carpet is used everywhere on the wall, on the floor, on the ceiling and
on the table.
Conceptual art developed both in relation to philosophy and thinking, the main
goal of which was to make the viewer think logically, and to convey some kind of
critical ideas. Sometimes the artist does not make any sense in his works. For artists,
the difficulties of forming a conceptual work are more difficult to find effective ways
to communicate their message to the public than the process. Some artists existing in
Azerbaijan focus on conceptualization on solving problems existing within the
country. "I am interested in touching on more problematic topical issues. "- Sabina.
Sh.

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 1.2.Social and communicative potential of conceptual architecture

Architecture affects a person, shapes his worldview, educates his moral culture.
Architecture affects us with its form, design, color scheme and concept. First of all,
the conceptual approach comes from a different view and approach to the idea. This
is also called conceptual thinking. Conceptual thinking is the ability to reconstruct
patterns or relationships between non-real objects. For some, conceptual thinking is
a natural process, but not everyone can think like that. Conceptual thinking is a way
to develop creativity.[19].
In architecture, a concept is an idea, thought, belief, or understanding that forms
the basis and foundation of a design project and drives it forward. It plays a major
role in the implementation of projects, their progress and development and is carried
out through constant consultation at all stages. Conceptual architecture is a form of
style that uses conceptualism, a combination of ideas and concepts outside of
architecture, and retains the discipline of architecture. Conceptual skills,
conceptualism (lat. conceptus-idea, imagination is a literary and artistic direction of
postmodernism, formed in America and Europe in the late 60s — early 70s of the XX
century . Conceptual architecture is based on abstract ideas or concepts. It refers to
the design, construction and operation of the structure. Unlike traditional architectural
design, conceptual architecture seeks to convey to us the idea both inside and outside
the building. This direction has a unique appearance, which often contrasts with the
surrounding landscape . This architecture combines creativity, New idea, creative and
creative thinking. The basis of creative thinking of the architect is intellect and
creativity. Creativity and creative thinking are considered one of the main conditions
Many projects implemented by architects and designers are ideological in nature and
often do not relate to real reality. This approach is called conceptual, virtual .
Conceptualism combines radical and deconstructive projects. Radical literally
means non-complex, non-simple, completely unrelated to real life. This is the essence
of conceptual architecture. It is based on concepts.Every form, object, figure, and
organism we encounter in life is a concept, regardless of its structure. Anti-realism is
a conceptual world based on abstract ideas about reality. It is a space dedicated to
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exploring ideas that escape realism and pragmatism and often cannot be adapted to
existing reality or implemented.The number of architects who create new
architectural examples based on such new advanced, modern, futuristic concepts has
increased in our time. Among them, Santiago Calatrava. It is impossible not to talk
about famous architects like Zaha Hadid and Toyo Ito.
Toyo Ito worked with architectural form and the latest construction
technologies. Sendai Mediatek is a library located in Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. The
building, designed by Toyo Ito in 1995, was commissioned in 2001.As a concept, its
shape is taken from the aquarium.Each plan is free-form, since the cages of the
constructive columns are independent of the facade and change in diameter as they
extend from floor to floor. Inspired by The Shape of a tree and a complex geometric
shape, he used the construction of an unusual shape of a column.Each plan has a free
form, since the structural lattices of the columns are independent of the facade and
change in diameter as they extend from floor to floor. The building consists of 7
floors. The lower floor is used as a business floor, while the central and upper floors
are administrative and commercial. The building is located in the library. On the last
floors, conference rooms are placed, and the roof is used as a parking lot.
The interior of the building is created in a minimalist style, with a more
elaborate design. The project consists of 13 tree-shaped complex columns, 4 of which
are located on the outer part, which act as support and adjustment and transfer 60-
70% of the loads. Of the nine smaller tubes, five are straight and contain elevators,
while the remaining four are more curved, carrying ducts and wires. These pipes not
only carry the role of channels, but also transfer heat energy, air. voice also has the
capacity to transmit information. Light enters the building through the glass between
the concrete branches. The media library is a glass container measuring 50x50
meters, 36 meters high, with several floors and a series of columns from first to last.
Double glass system was used in the building. The floors are separated by steel and
tubular metal beams and posts. A solid construction system consists of three main
elements: floor, pipe and cladding. The structural system of the building consists of a
floor with metal plates and a fubo with columns in the form of connected pipes. Ito
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does not use walls and partitions in his project. Santiago Calatrava is an analytical
architect who relies on his intuition and creativity, giving a building project as a
result of concepts and different ideas like Toyo Ito. The famous engineer almost does
not use computer programs in the creation of projects. Before revealing any project,
he tries to shape the idea by drawing an infinite number of hand sketches, concepts,
and pictures. The architect has described himself as the father of a kind of conceptual
architecture. In his projects, he preferred only unusual, non-existent, radical ideas and
concepts.He is an organic architect who finds his inspiration in the human body and
in nature, and thanks to his experience in architecture and engineering, he has learned
to combine sculptural concepts with technology to create bold designs, both visually
and structurally [13].
His familiarity with nature stems from animal skeletons and bird wings, creating
shapes that look weightless and defy gravity. An example is the building called
"converted tors", in which the human body can directly inspire architecture. This
structure with a height of 190 meters has 9 blocks on its basis. Each block consists of
5 floors, on which not only apartments, but also offices, gyms and swimming pools
are located.Rotating exactly 90 degrees from the first floor to the last floor, Santiago
Kalatrava's "Turning Torso"was considered the world's first rotating skyscraper after
its completion in 2005. The skyscraper was built and put into operation within 6
years. The tower houses offices, conference rooms and apartments. The first two
cubes are separated into an office floor with separate elevators, heating and cooling
systems, and the two cubes in the other upper part are divided into conference
rooms.The building consists of 54 floors. The main support of the exterior of the
building-the vertebral column-consists of steel posts.
The innovation that the conceptual direction brings to architecture is
transparency, lightness, giving space ideas and designing unusual deconstructive
forms that are more comfortable, difficult to build, but possible. Such conceptual
building projects have begun to be applied in Azerbaijan. The Flame Towers, The
Carpet Museum, the Heydar Aliyev Cultural Center were created on the basis of one
form.
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 CHAPTER II. FUTURISTIC ARCHITECTURAL CONCEPTS

2.1. Futuristic architecture is a direction to the future

Many styles in architecture and design have a philosophical meaning. When

Styles are created, depending on the current circumstances, they develop themselves
without resorting to the past, and sometimes, adhering to tradition, begin to spread.
Futurism rises, develops and grows with society, because the goal is to move
forward, to constantly evolve. it's about being open to innovation . Even if time
passes, it retains its purpose, reality and does not lose
The Futurism movement is an avant-garde art movement that emerged in Italy
just before the First World War, showing its influence on many different branches of
science, such as painting, sculpture, music, poetry, literature, theater, architecture,
photography and cinema. Futurism is formed from the Latin words "futur" and
"futura", which literally means the future. The Futurism movement, which has
created great changes in human life, is reflected in art. The first paintings praising the
technique began to be painted by several artists in the nineteenth century. These
paintings, in which the train and factories, the most striking images of the Industrial
Revolution, are described in praise, are considered one of the inspirations of futurism.
Emerging in Italy in the fields of painting, sculpture and literature, this movement
seeks to simultaneously express impressions of the past, present and future. Futurism
is a literary trend that arises from the excitement that modern life gives, and a
direction that opens up its possibilities to all innovation. It is also known as the
movement that advocates continuity, variability and mobility in art. The founder of
the Futurism movement is Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, an Italian poet, writer,
playwright and editor who lived between 1876 and 1944. The Futurist movement that
occurred between 1909 and 1919 was used in the Fine Arts and literature. Having an
active and active character, Marinetti defines futurism as “the future” [20].
Futurism in general is a major Italian phenomenon. The main objectives of this
trend; completely rejecting the aesthetic values and traditions of the past, arguing
that the future of the world is “modernity”, separating countries (especially Italy)

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from the weight of the past, modernizing them and creating concepts of “urbanized
civilization”. , “Mechanization” and “speed” are fundamental in social life .
This current, which emerged at the beginning of the 20th century, seeks to
explain past, present and future emotions at the same time. Futurism developed in
Italy as an art school that included the theory of war, Danger, Machine Age, fascism .
Movement is a perspective and approach for all life situations.The founder and
theorist of futurism, the Italian poet Tommaso Marinetti in February 1909, in an 11-
paragraph manifesto (declaration) published in the newspaper “Le Figaro”, defined
the multifaceted artistic goals and principles of futurism.The topics to be discussed in
the literature are aggressive actions and fights.
To understand futurism, it is necessary to look at the social situation of Italy in
the twentieth century. At that time, Italy was struggling with political, social and
economic problems.[14]The first futurist work in the field of painting is the painting
"the city rises" by the famous artist Umberto Boccioni, completed in 1910. The
confusion, conflict and blurring prevailing in the painting reflect all the features of
futurism. The most important futurist painters can be cited as Giacomo Balla, Carlo
Carra and Umberto Boccioni.
It expresses in itself such ideas as movement, time, high-tech machines, the
movement of people.Supporters of futurism, believing in the need to change the
current situation so that society can quickly absorb changes from the past and the
future, have called people to war. Because, in their opinion, the most powerful tool
that brought about this change is the war itself. [21]. In particular, factories,
machines, high-tech space ideas, etc., which are the result of technological advances,
which are the source of inspiration for Futurism. Landscapes like these have been the
subject of the artist. [16]. As a result, we can conclude that as a result of the
developments in industry, the formation of new production methods in Europe has
revealed differences between different layers of society. High-tech searches, which
are also manifested in art, depending on technological development, have
transformed social strata and formed the basis of modern art styles. Italy sought ways
to recover from the crisis of art that it fell through with the Futurism movement.

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Basically, such ideas as glorifying technology and mechanization and turning the
concept of movement into a basic principle at every stage of art are manifested in this
style.
Futurist architecture is a form of architecture born in Italy at the beginning of the
20th century, characterized by long dynamic lines that offer strong chromatism,
speed, movement, relevance and lyricism. In popular literature, the term futuristic is
often used without much accuracy. , used to describe architecture that has a Space-
Cycle appearance, as depicted in science fiction works, or as drawn in science fiction
comics or comics. This is a design language that goes beyond straight and simple
design shapes and forms curved lines. One of the most important factors in the
emergence of futurism was the emergence of the century of mechanization, which
covered the period between the XVIII and XIX centuries. The Industrial Revolution
that began with the invention of Steam Machines during this period caused
technology to experience an unprecedented rise at that time. .[20]
Before the Futurist movement, the designs had simple lines and were square or
rectangular. Futurism, on the other hand, brought into our lives unique angles, oval
lines, sharp edges, triangles or unusual shapes. This trend, which includes
technological advances; glass elevators also use metal components and mechanical
elements aesthetically. [23].According to Sant'elia, by following one idea under the
guise of futuristic technologies, it is possible to change the urban world of new ideas,
methods and materials.
Sant'elia's work La Citta Nuova was shown to the public at the nuove Tendenze
exhibition in 1914. The work, reflecting modernism, futurism and innovative
technologies, consisted of 40 sketches. In appearance, it embodied the future, and the
future played the role of a symbol here, and just because of this, the architect called
his works futuristic. His futuristic works were in geometric shapes, simple,
unadorned, geometric shapes. Sant'elia viewed their city as "giant cars". This
direction is the power of machines, energy; it attaches importance to the mobility and
dynamism of modern life.The goal of futurism is to eliminate existing ones, ignore
borders and present something new in an original way.

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 Futurism arose in architecture at the beginning of the twentieth century, the most
famous futuristic buildings were built in the 50s and 70s, and this is due to the
beginning of the era when space and motorization, that is, machine-type ideas, were
put forward. The first futuristic buildings in the USSR were built after the 60s, in the
fable of the joy of space flights. "Futurism plays a key role in creating a new state" -
people wanted to destroy all the foundations, old traditions and start life anew. In the
60s and 80s, many libraries, houses of culture, theaters and stadiums were built in a
futuristic style. [4]The purpose of this movement is to move away from the weight
of the past and modernize the concepts of civilization, mechanization and speed
as the main element of social life. Futurism not only beautifies the country
architecturally, but also affects the economy of the country. Therefore, futurism
is never outdated. The distinction and futurism of Sant'elia's projects showed its
influence on future architecture. The buildings were perceived as unthinkable
for that time, even if they were complex in structure.
The country of Azerbaijan has recently reached other countries with its
architecture. The construction of new business buildings and hotels, the design of
restaurants with unusual interiors, the design of futuristic buildings have turned the
city into a more modern country. As a proposal, I would propose to design in
Azerbaijan both buildings glorifying our culture and future-oriented buildings in
futuristic style, mainly cultural centers for young people, special buildings for
institutions providing psychological support, free libraries.
2.2. Modernity of futuristic architecture

Architectural style-a set of basic forms and features inherent in a particular era
and certain people, manifested in the features of the functional, constructive and
artistic order.Each era created its own style, and in each era there were certain types
of buildings, special building materials, structures were used.Style is traditionally
defined as a set of features, the unity of methods and means of expression or artistic
unity.Modern, constructivism, minimalism, techno style, futurism, neo-futurism, high
technology, kitsch - these have survived and spread to the present day as styles used
in modern architecture and art.In "modern" architecture, asymmetric layouts and
15
volumetric solutions of buildings were used [22]
In the 1960s, they used style and technology for various purposes in individual
spheres of public life. People were overwhelmed by the idea of space flight. The
post-war social revolution created a progressive society that valued the capabilities of
young people on a par with their talents .In 1977, along with the use of traditional
load-bearing structures-frames, forms, frames in the composition, combined systems
of rigid and cable elements began to be used. A distinctive feature of the solution of
high-tech load-bearing structures has appeared. In these times, the use of new
materials and the creation of different styles completely changed the angle of view of
people towards buildings, which, in part, Appeals not with constructiveness, but with
aesthetic requirements.All these emerging modern styles are somehow connected
with Futurism. The reason for the recognition of such architects as Zaha Hadid, Le
Corbuzye, Calatrava, Oscar Niemeyer, Kenzo Tange today lies in the fact that their
angle of view on architecture is completely different. Such architects have created
projects related to Futurism using different styles. Although the projects are of
different styles, they can express that cosmic and future impression. That is why in
our time such architects are called futuristic architects.[20]
Neo-Futurism, on the other hand, is an architectural style inspired by Futurism
that originated in the late 20th/early 21st century. Style combines conceptual
foundations ethics, aesthetics and innovation in search of an ideal. The movement has
its origins in the structural expressionist work of Finnish architects Alvar Aalto and
Eero Saarinen in the mid-20th century, as well as Danish architects Henning Larsen
and other pioneers such as Jorn Utzon and Buckminster Fuller. Neo-futurism is
superior to science and technology and is an avant-garde movement.Like Futurism,
the artistic trend from the beginning of the 20th century, from which it took its
fundamental values, neo-Futurism exalts the modern world, glorifies urbanism,
machines and speed two of the architects most famous of Neo-futurism are Zaha
Hadid and Santiago Calatrava.
Frank Lloyd Jeshright is undoubtedly one of the most important architects in the
history of modern architecture and the 20th century. The spread of modernity
16
accelerated in the 20th century with increasing urbanization, the development of
industry and technology.Unlike other modernist architects, he considered the material
needs of man, as well as his spiritual needs, to be a problem of architectural design.
This approach, which Wright defended throughout his career and which can be
briefly expressed as “the nature of the material determines the appearance of the
building, " was also adopted by other prominent architects of the twentieth
century[19]. F. L. Wright was a supporter of creating an organic whole in his own
designs. With its original use in organic architecture, it can be defined as "what is the
relation of the part to the whole, so is the relation of the part to the whole". Thus, the
organic can be defined as the object that exists as a whole.[5]. The creator of the
famous "house above the waterfall" (1939) and The New York Museum of
Guqgenheim (1959), the author of more than 20 books (among them "the future of
Architecture" and "the city that disappears").Iraqi-born Briton Zaha Hadid is a
famous architect who should be closely watched by science fiction lovers who want
to be inspired by his futuristic works. One of the successful representatives of
decontivism, one of the main interpretations of Postmodern architecture, and
considered neofuturistic, Hadid introduced a peculiar perspective into architectural
geometry. Having become an idol in the architectural discipline with its buildings and
style, Zaha Hadid perfectly analyzed and revealed the relationship between design,
space, theory and science fiction. [6].
Heydar Aliyev Center is a research and international dialogue center built in the
capital of Azerbaijan, Baku, on Heydar Aliyev Avenue. The center consists of a large
complex and includes a large Congress Hall, the Heydar Aliyev Museum, exhibition
halls and administrative offices.The center is named after the third president of
Azerbaijan Heydar Aliyev. In Azerbaijan, the Heydar Aliyev Cultural Center in Baku
has a liquid exterior with a general structure that eliminates sharp angles. Its walls
run continuously, as if they were like a wave spreading across the entire glazed front
of the building. The project of the center was developed in 2007 by the famous
architect Zaha Hadid. The main building of the center consists of three large parts:
the Heydar Aliyev Museum, exhibition halls and the "Auditorium". The nine-storey

17
part of the building houses exhibition halls, offices, as well as cafes. The four-storey
"Auditorium" part houses two conference rooms, meeting rooms and a media center.
The building also has a landscape area consisting of natural trees and plants. The
shell surrounding the building was made not by the traditional column-beam method,
but by the space frame system. Thus, the architect Zaha Hadid reflected the
parametric design approach to this building.
”My work works with concepts, logic and methods that explore and organize the
complexities of modern life patterns " -Zaha Hadid [7]In conclusion, we can say that
all Hadid's works are characterized by their smooth surfaces, which reinforce the
features of impeccability, fluidity and unity. Hadid always used the same formative
lines or shapes for all masses; if she used a triangle, the rest of the masses are
triangular. Hadid's desire to catch up with and use the latest technological advances
and every innovation has enabled her to become a global architect [8]. As a result of
each architect's search, we can see that they call it futursit, modern, despite using
different styles. F. L. Wright is a modernist architect, but he is called a futurist
because he creates organic architecture, an architectural style that no one can create,
and brings new technological ideas to architecture. Modern construction technology
and futuristic architecture, which we have successfully mastered today, have made
serious adjustments to the usual laws of beauty of the architectural work built with
the millennial development of the architecture of the whole world. If earlier the large
weight of the structure, its weight, huge walls, small openings gave rise to a sense of
visual strength, monumentality, solidity, splendor, today the minimum weight of the
structure, and therefore its visual lightness, is one of the main advantages. Futurism
added a kind of innovation to architecture and exerted its influence not only in other
countries, but also on the country of Azerbaijan. Although initially the buildings were
created in modern style, only the window was made of heavy plan, stone material. At
the present time, the development of new technologies and Styles has created
conditions for designing lighter unusual-looking buildings.

18
 CHAPTER III. MODERN ARCHITECTURE IN SPATIAL
ORGANIZATION ARTISTIC IMAGE
3.1 Synthesis of artistic, scientific and technical principles

The current situation in the country and the development of architecture depend
on the introduction of innovations brought with them by technologies. Without
knowing the effects of technological innovations on society and the attitude of the
population towards technological innovations, their implementation is not considered
appropriate. The word technology was formed from the combination of the Greek
words” techne “and” logos“, which means” art, skill or any application". Technology
is described as a means of creating innovation in products using production machines
and methods, increasing production, increasing productivity and providing
competitive advantage. And technique, in simple terms, is a set of tools and tools
applied in production [9].
The technology began to develop in architecture from the 18th to the 19th
century. The development of new materials, experiments on glass material led to the
creation of strong heat, sound and strong wind-resistant windows in the current
period. In modern times, people began to use water and daylight as electric energy,
indirectly watering plants with the accumulation of rainwater, saving water, etc. This
degree of advancement of technology has paved the way for the rapid development of
modern architecture. The concepts of" Virtual"," digital "or" computer " determine
the figurative characteristics of buildings, the design of which uses new information
technologies.. The basis of these almost endless possibilities of architecture is the
following: computer programming, modern design, the latest technologies and
materials [4].
In the 1990s, Frank Gehry pioneered “smart” digital design in architecture by
using software to optimize designs and transform them directly into a manufacturing
and construction process. This approach, now known in the industry as parametric
design and Building Information Modeling, opened a new era of architecture,
according to art historian Irene Nero: the era of “technological construction”.Built in
1997 in Bilbao, northern Spain, by the famous American Frank Gehry, the
19
Guggenheim Museum was the first example of Computer-Aided Design. Half a
millimeter thick 33 in the museum, built of limestone, glass and titanium.
Although metal cladding has long been a hallmark of the architect's work, the
museum reflects his first use of titanium. When looking for metallic polish that
responds to changing lighting conditions, the reflective properties of titanium proved
to be ideal. Titanium is a low-polluting material, and each part is designed differently
according to the direction to the building. [2]. The architect performed 3D modeling
for the first time in his projects. The advancement of computer technology after the
architect's projects facilitated the solution of the construction of buildings. He wanted
to show that the search for a special architectural experience can be accomplished
both by developing better versions of commercial buildings and by creating unique
buildings such as Bilbao.As far as I know, special-purpose computer software in the
design process - two-dimensional drawing, three-dimensional modeling, animation,
visualization and building design in a virtual environment such as earthquake
resistance, lighting and Heat Protection they are used to simulate their performance.
[10].
One of Dubai's most famous attractions, the Museum of the future (MOTF) is
located along the city's super highway Sheikh Zayed Road. Founded by the Dubai
Future Foundation and launched on February 22, 2022, the museum explores how
society can evolve in the decades to come using science and technology. In addition
to the global intellectual movement, it is also the headquarters of the city's “Great
Arab Minds” initiative, which aims to identify 1,000 exceptional Arab talents in key
areas.To achieve its goal, the architect used computer-aided design and designed its
fluid shape, using the most modern technology and futuristic views of architecture in
the formation of the volume. The Arabic Quran, according to the Uthmani RASM.
The building was built in its project without the use of a column, 77 m high and
seven-story resembles The Shape of a torus. The shimmering structure is covered
with stainless steel panels produced by robots that create the pattern that makes up its
skin. [18]. It is covered with windows carved in Arabic calligraphy. Inside, the
museum has seven floors, each dedicated to various exhibition spaces, and is

20
powered by solar energy.
Three of the seven floors of the museum focus on current technological
research. One focuses on ongoing resource development research for future space
travel, while the other focuses on ecosystems and bio-engineering. The main idea is
to look beyond the existing possibilities that modern technologies offer what kind of
future may be possible. Light enters through the many windows around the
building .Built using robotic technology and with a special focus on sustainability,
the building's 4,000 MW of electricity used to power the building is generated by
solar energy using solar panels connected to the museum and is pillarless [6].The
advantages of the technologies are; construction speed, high quality of the final
product, lightweight materials, good energy efficiency, strength and seismic
resistance, etc [11]. The technology of light steel thin-walled structures, monolithic
frame construction, reinforced concrete construction, metal-glass construction, a new
type of prefabricated large-panel housing construction, pipes replacing columns and
feeding with energy, solar-powered technological materials and solar batteries,
soundproof strong windows, construction of a monolithic concrete frame and the
availability of other high-tech materials and structures opens the way for [7].The
advantages of Technology result in the creation of more modern, future-style
buildings and conditions for people, and the simplification of people's lives [12].It
was designed by Al Bahr to Yemeners Aedas UK and built by Al-Futtaim Carillion.
Al bahr to DKK presents the world's largest computerized dynamic face. The facade
is also responsible for climate control and optimal lighting of the building.
It consists of two towers located near the Abu Dhabi beach. The Pineapple
building, officially known as the Al Spring Tower, is 29-storey 145-meter high. The
goal was to achieve a high glazing building, which allows a beautiful view from the
inside and provides the best level of visual and thermal comfort of the interior. The
architect was inspired by the awning part of the mosques called mashrabiya and
installed it in the tower, making the tower even more unique and eye-catching. The
pattern is created by a mathematically pre-rationalized form derived from Islamic
designs. Mashrabiya is a unique shading system commonly used in Islamic

21
architecture. The concept of Mashrabia consists of an outer part covered with shadow
elements, like 2000 umbrellas, which open and close depending on the angle of
incidence of the sun.. This system helps to cool and insulate the building during the
movement of the sun, thereby reducing the need for significant artificial lighting and
mechanical air conditioning [18].The use of such intelligent materials in building
projects is largely related to the development of nanotechnology. Nanotechnology
makes it possible to achieve concrete with properties such as steel, which relate to the
relationship between weight and carrying capacity, ceramic materials with strength,
metals with greater hardness, special electrical properties [3]. In project examples, we
encountered such processes as self-organization of movable structures, solar panels,
water, ventilation and lighting systems. Technology is also a tool that helps architects
and designers redefine how we can experience everyday life in the spaces we live in,
enabling the profitable use of this energy and water resource. As a suggestion, I
would like to consider the introduction of such modern solar panels in the country
of Azerbaijan. [21].
Currently, building projects are being made using glass material in our country,
and the ventilation system inside the buildings is very hot and heavy in sunny times.
The application of technological systems capable of converting these solar rays into
energy, the use of solar panels to save energy both contributes to energy saving and
the ventilation system is regulated inside. It is advisable to collect rainwater in the
building and use it for electricity, energy and irrigation of plants. The constant use of
such a profitable water system helps to protect the environment. In addition, the use
of green, ecological panels in urban environments is also important not only in
buildings. It is important that this system is applied in parking lots, street lamps,
decorative-type architectural systems. These panels act as wood and remove carbon
and harmful gases from the air and release oxygen. Oil. we are known as a city that is
more used as gasoline, and it is more important to clean the air, take care of the trees,
protect the ecology.

22
 3. 2. Artistic images of modern architecture

Humanity has found its solution in the process of continuous development and
change of architectural technology from the past to the present. The result of the
development of architectural styles up to the present time was the reason why people
created ideas inspired by nature [19]. The creation of ideas inspired by the forms,
behaviors or biological processes of living beings is considered one of the
fundamental issues. [14] Gaudi was one of the most important architects of his time,
who knew how to observe nature and managed to share the innumerable details that it
presented. The Sagrada Familia church in Barcelona is one of his most famous
works. Gaudi is best known for its complex structures in Barcelona, the storied
Basilica de la Sagrada Familia has become one of the most famous tourist attractions
in Europe in the last century.In his architectural projects, Santiago Kalatrava often
used his engineering knowledge to create innovative, sculptural structures made of
concrete and steel. [15]
The design of the Deniz Mall shopping center was developed by Tim Karran,
director of the company "Chapman Taylor". In addition, the Azersu Office to Yember
high-level building in Baku is designed to house the headquarters of the national
operator of water resources of Azerbaijan. Located next to the building, the 40-storey
skyscraper Socar to Yember represents fire action. Azersu to Yeshner in the form of a
drop of water, not only reflects the nature of the company staff involved, but also
successfully merges with the fire theme of the neighboring building. Thus, along
Heydar Aliyev Avenue there were symbols of water and fire in architectural forms.
Flame Towers The Carpet Museum in the form of a flame, which is considered a
symbol of Azerbaijan, was created from the carpet.
The Conceptual Futuristic Cultural Center is multifunctional and is being
designed in Shusha as a territory.Center idea from neo-futuristic style, It was
sketched in the postmodern direction,benefiting from Zaha Hadid's projects.The
decorative window frames on the building are provided in Bionic style.As it was
designed in Shusha, the sign of Khari-Bulbul was given on it as an idea.The project
consists of 2 floors.The purpose of my choice of the area in Shusha comes from the
23
fact that it is a city rich in culture and art.It is necessary to modernize this city
without going beyond its cultural heritage line ,to enrich the city with technological
cultural centers.
The territory is 2 hectares,and there are recreation areas on the territory, they are
located in a north-south direction.The construction of the two-storey building is made
of metal-frame construction and glass material.On the first floor there is an entrance
section,security reception and other service rooms that open with a large
hallway.There is a large cafe for people to relax.In addition,the first floor is occupied
by exhibition rooms,mock-up rooms,circles,technology museums, an exhibition space
and a company.These technological rooms have many peculiarities.
Technologically speaking of a city through floodlights on walls its development
is shown,inscriptions in the form of a design are reflected through the
lights,technological awnings,models,materials,carpets belonging to the modern
city,clothes belonging to the national-cultural world,musical instruments moving in
space are present on the forms laid as decoration.The rooms of the historical type
include animated images of our history, past and future forms of musical
instruments,clothes belonging to Shusha in the exhibition rooms and the presentation
of samples from modern objects to clothes,in the mock–up rooms of Shusha in the
previous and future idea presentation of the form, models, technological materials are
given.The association rooms are of a kind of teaching type and are held in classes
such as preparation of dishes belonging to Shusha ,acquaintance with Shusha
architecture.The main goal is to introduce Shusha architecture and develop it towards
the future.Each form given in the interior design is both modern style and reminds
Shusha. On the second floor, there is a large library, which contains books related to
both technological and glass culture and history. There is an association room, a
materials room, a large technological exhibition and museum room, a computer
room, an assembly hall and an architectural room. There are two entrances and one
exit part of the building is available. The total height of the building is 10 meters, the
height of the first floor is 3900 meters.

24
 The height of the second floor varies from 3800 to 6100 depending on the
structure and slope of the building. In the interior, associations and museums are
made of glass material instead of 40-meter walls. On the upper floor, there is a
computer room and an assembly hall is also available. Both national and neo-
futuristic styles have been used in the interior of the project. Despite the fact that it
consists of two floors, it is able to stand out with its interior and function. By giving
this kind of project structure, my goal is to use more different styles in our country, to
open more future-type cultural centers for the outlook of young people and to
organize museums, to create conditions for the development of technology, being
open to innovation and at the same time not to forget our culture.

25
 FINAL RESULT
As a result of research, we saw the role of conceptuality in the world and its influence
on art and architecture.
1. We see that “conceptual art”has continued this movement over the past fifty years
with different approaches and forms. The 1960s, along with conceptual art, show
both the formation of a new idea and how artists create it, show themselves in form
and material, that an idea or concept is the most important part of human work.
2. For artists, the difficulties of forming a conceptual work are more difficult to find
effective ways to communicate their message to the public than the process.
Although the works of artists using conceptual art are unrelated, each of them has a
purpose. To make a person think, influence his psychological state and try to find
solutions to the world problems that we face in our day to day.
3. Some artists existing in Azerbaijan focus on conceptualization on solving problems
existing within the country.
4. The innovation that the conceptual direction brings to architecture is transparency,
lightness, giving space ideas and designing unusual deconstructive forms that are
more comfortable, difficult to build, but possible. Thanks to this, by conceptualizing
and conducting searches, conditions are created for the creation of any forms that cost
more quickly in the current period.As a proposal, I would consider it necessary to
design such unusual conceptual concepts in the regions and villages of Azerbaijan,
existing not only in the city of Baku, but also in the Karabakh zone, which represent a
symbol of our own districts.
5. Although Futurism emerged as a political idea in art, it was able to exert its
positive influence. He created conditions for the emergence of neo-Futurism,
modernism and Hi - tek styles in architecture, the emergence of new technologies and
helped to build the spiritual future of people.
6. With futuristic design, designs that surpass age are being developed and living
spaces are being revealed that can meet people's needs in the future. According to
Futurism, aesthetic values and traditions in the past seem to be an important obstacle

26
to modernization. The purpose of this movement is to move away from the weight of
the past and modernize the concepts of civilization, mechanization and speed as the
main element of social life.
7. By studying the architectural form of Hadid, it is observed that she does not use
some principles that were previously important for creating a typical architecture.
Hadid's desire to catch up with and use the latest technological breakthroughs and
every innovation allowed her to become a global architect
8. Modern construction technology and futuristic architecture, which we have
successfully mastered today, have made serious adjustments to the usual laws of
beauty of the architectural work built with the millennial development of the
architecture of the whole world. If earlier the large weight of the structure, its weight,
huge walls, small openings gave rise to a sense of visual strength, monumentality,
solidity, splendor, today the minimum weight of the structure, and therefore its visual
lightness, is one of the main advantages. Futurism added a kind of innovation to
architecture and exerted its influence not only in other countries, but also on the
country of Azerbaijan
9. In modern times, the development of technologies provides us with all-round
assistance, and construction works are carried out in an innovative way. At the same
time, Reconstruction and modernization improve the architectural, planning and
engineering solutions of these buildings, improve technical reliability, convenience,
environmental safety and economic efficiency of operation, while minimizing energy
consumption
10. The advantages of Technology result in the creation of more modern, future-style
buildings and conditions for people, and the facilitation of people's lives .
11. As a result of the design of such modern buildings as Flame Towers, Carpet
Museum, Kristal Palace, International Mugham Center, National Gymnastics Arena,
National Olympic Stadium, Carpet Museum in Azerbaijan, our country has become
more beautiful and developed.

27
 LIST OF USED LITERATURE

1. Alexander Alberro Blake Stimson,Conceptual Art:A Critical Anthology,

Cambridge, Massachusetts ,London, England The MIT Press Massachusetts Institute
of Technology,1999. pg 163
2. ANTMEN, Ahu,Sanatçılardan Yazılar ve Açıklamalar, 20. Yüzyıl Batı Sanatında
Akımlar, 3. Baskı, İstanbul: Sel Yayıncılık.2010. səh 211
3. Ayfer U, Dr. Öğr. Üyesi Doç. Dr. Nurbiye , Eğitim Ve Sanatta Yenilikçi Siradişi
Yönleriyle Joseph Beuys, Avrasya Sosyal ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları
Dergisi,Antalya,2018,səh 10-11.
4.Alan Colquhoun,Modern Architecture (Oxford History of Art) 1st Edition, Oxford
University Press, 2002 ,pg 287
5. Anonim-1, Frank Lloyd Wright ve Ev , Boyut Yayın Grubu, İstanbul, 2002.
səh 120
6. Asena Soyluk, Zeynep Yeşim İlerisoy, (Women's Role In Civilization; Women
Architects And Case Of Zaha Hadid),Congress Book,Ankara/Turkey ,February 2019,
pg 631
7. Amatalraof Abdullah, Zaha Hadid Form Making Strategies For Design,Master
Degree,Yemen,May 2013, pg 220. [elektron resurs]
8.Amatalraof Abdullah, Zaha Hadid Form Making Strategies For Design,Master
Degree,Yemen,May 2013, pg 173-174.. [elektron resurs]
9. Allahquluzadə Təbriz Ayaz oğlu, «Sənaye müəssisəsində innovasiya yönümlü
texnologiyaların tətbiqinin stimullaşdırılması », Magistr Dissertasiyasi, BAKI - 2017,
səh 49-50
10. Arzu Eceoğlu,Teknolojik Gelişmelerin Mimarlik Mesleğine Yansımaları Ve
Simülasyon Programlarının Mekan Tasarımına Etkisi, The Turkish Online Journal of
Design Art and Communication 2(2):89-93 ,April 2012, pg 91-92.
11. Абакумов Р.Г., Подоскина Е.Ю. Методы оценки эффективности
инновационных проектов // Инновационная экономика: перспективы развития и
совершенствования. 2016. № 1 (11). С. 9–13.

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12. А. Хайрулин, Р. Фролов,Малоэтажное Жилье И Инновационные
Технологии Будущего, Алматы, Казахстан ,AMIT 3 (24) 2013 , c 3-4.
13. B.V.İ.U.C.O.A Vocabulary Architect's Biography Santiago Calatrava Published
on May 3, 2021 .pg 1-7
14. Betül Uç Zeytün,Mimari Tasarimda Biyomorfik Yaklaşimlar, Yüksek Lisans
Tezi, Lefkoşa,Kasim 2014.səh 172
15.Betül Uç Zeytün,Mimari Tasarimda Biyomorfik Yaklaşimlar, Yüksek Lisans
Tezi,Lefkoşa,Kasim 2014.səh 172
16.Coen, Ester (1988). Umberto Boccioni. (Dijital Versiyon). New York: The
Metropolitan Museum of Art, pg 330.
17.Çap version.LeWitt, «Konseptual incəsənət haqqında paraqraflar», Artforum
Vol.5, № 10, 1967 yay, səh.79-83.
18. Dubai-Observatory ,The Museum Of The Future, The Ad Store ,Dubai, March
2021,pg 4-8
19. Doç. Dr. Murat Dal ,Mimarlık Bilimleri ve Teknolojisi,Publisher Livre de Lyon
Ocak/January 2021, Lyon, pg 435.
20. Е. Ю. Помогаева, Е. В. Полинкова-Сарычева, М. В. Храмова,
Футуристическая Композиция Как Направление Формирования Фантазийного
Представления В Рисунке, Россия ,c 104-106
21. Erden, E. Osman (2015). Modern Sanatın Kısa Tarihi. İstanbul: Hayalperest
Yayınevi. səh 170-190.
22. Е. Ю. Помогаева, Е. В. Полинкова-Сарычева, М. В. Храмова,
Футуристическая Композиция Как Направление Формирования Фантазийного
Представления В Рисунке, Россия ,c 104-106
23. Esra Şahin Burat, “Taşi Taş Gibi, Ahşabi Ahşap Gibi Göstermek”:Frank Lloyd
Wright’in Malzeme Teorisi,Metu Jfa,Turkey 2012, səh 322.

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ILLUSTRATION

30