University of Technology

Department of Communications Engineering

Optical Communication Systems Engineering Branch

Frequency Response of a System

Experiment No.4
Signal Processing Laboratory

Mousa Saad Luaibi

Third Year

Morning Study

Group (B)

Saturday, April 16, 2022

Wednesday, April 20, 2022
Signal Processing Laboratory EXP.NO.4: Frequency Response of a System

➢ Introduction
Frequency response describes the steady-state response of a system to sinusoidal inputs of
varying frequencies to be able to analyze and control systems in the frequency domain.

Example (1): Frequency response of the given LTI system (by equation form):
Magnitude Spectrum
1

0.9
clc;
0.8
num=input(‘Enter numerator vector: ‘);
0.7
den=input(‘Enter denominator vector: ‘);

Magnitude (dB)
0.6
n=input(‘Enter number of frequency points: ‘); 0.5
w=0:pi/n:pi; 0.4
h=freqz(num,den,w); 0.3
figure 0.2
plot(w/pi,abs(h)); 0.1
title(‘Magnitude Spectrum’); 0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
xlabel(‘Normalized Frequency (w/pi)’); Normalized Frequency (w/pi)

ylabel(‘Magnitude (dB)’);

Example (2): Frequency response of a given sine wave: Frequency response

10

5
close all;
t=0:0.001:1; 0

s1=sin(2*pi*50*t);
N=length(s1); -5
Magnitude (dB)

f=(0:N-1)/(N); %normalized frequency

-10
S1=abs(fft(s1));
figure -15

plot(f,2*log10(S1))
title('Frequency response'); -20

xlabel('Normalized frequency');
-25
ylabel('Magnitude (dB)');
-30
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Normalized frequency
Signal Processing Laboratory EXP.NO.4: Frequency Response of a System

Example 3: Design an FIR low pass filter of order 80 using a Kaiser window with β=8. Specify
a normalized cutoff frequency of 0.5π rad/sample. Display the magnitude and phase
responses of the filter.

close all;
d=designfilt('lowpassfir','FilterOrder',80,'CutoffFrequency',0.5,'Window',('kaiser',8));
freqz(d);
50
% ot try this code %
b=fir1(80,0.5,kaiser(81,8)); 0

Magnitude (dB)
freqz(b,1); -50

-100

-150
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Normalized Frequency ( rad/sample)

-1000
Phase (degrees)

-2000

-3000

-4000

-5000
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Normalized Frequency ( rad/sample)

➢ Discussion
1. Sketch the frequency response of the following LTI system:

nv=[0.1 0 0.1];
dv=1;
nfp=512;
wradian=0:4*pi/nfp:4*pi;
FR=freqz(nv,dv,wradian);
plot(wradian/pi,abs(FR));
title('Frequency Response');
xlabel('Normalized Frequency (rad/pi)');
ylabel('Magnitude (dB)');
Signal Processing Laboratory EXP.NO.4: Frequency Response of a System
Frequency Response
0.2

0.15

Magnitude (dB)
0.1

0.05

0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
Normalized Frequency (rad/pi)

2. Find and graph the frequency response of the following transfer function with 100
frequency points:
0.2𝑠 2 + 0.3𝑠 + 1
𝐻(𝑠) = 2
𝑠 + 0.4𝑠 + 1

nv=[0.2 0.3 1];

dv=[1 0.4 1;
nfp=100;
wradian=0:4*pi/nfp:4*pi;
FR=freqz(nv,dv,wradian);
plot(wradian/pi,abs(FR));
title('Frequency Response');
xlabel('Normalized Frequency (rad/pi)');
ylabel('Magnitude (dB)');

Frequency Response
35

30

25
Magnitude (dB)

20

15

10

0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
Normalized Frequency (rad/pi)
Signal Processing Laboratory EXP.NO.4: Frequency Response of a System

3. Design an FIR high pass filter of order 80 using a Kaiser window with β=8. Specify a
normalized cutoff frequency of 0.5π rad/sample. Display the magnitude and phase
responses of the filter.

filterorder=80;
wc=0.5;
filtertype='high';
point=81;
beta=8;
hpf=fir1(filterorder,wc,filtertype,kaiser(point,beta));
freqz(hpf);

50

0
Magnitude (dB)

-50

-100

-150
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Normalized Frequency ( rad/sample)

1000

0
Phase (degrees)

-1000

-2000

-3000

-4000
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Normalized Frequency ( rad/sample)

4. Design an FIR bandpass filter with passband between 0.35π and 0.8π rad/sample and 3
dB of ripple. The first stopband goes from 0 to 0.1π rad/sample and has an attenuation of
40 dB. The second stopband goes from 0.9π rad/sample to the Nyquist frequency and has
an attenuation of 30 dB. Compute the frequency response. Plot its magnitude in both
linear units and decibels. Highlight the passband.
Signal Processing Laboratory EXP.NO.4: Frequency Response of a System

sb=[0.1 0.9] ;
bp=[0.35 0.8];
pb=linspace(bp(1),bp(2),1e3)*pi;

bp=designfilt('bandpassfir','StopbandAttenuation1',40,'Stop
bandFrequency1',sb(1),'PassbandFrequency1',bp(1),'PassbandR
ipple',3,'PassbandFrequency2',bp(2),'StopbandFrequency2',sb
(2),'StopbandAttenuation2',30);

[h,w]=freqz(bp,1024);
hpb=freqz(bp,pb);
subplot(2,1,1);
plot(w/pi,abs(h),pb/pi,abs(hpb),'.-');
legend('Response','Pass-band');
title('Magnitude (Linear)');
subplot(2,1,2);
plot(w/pi,20*log10(h),pb/pi,20*log10(hpb),'.-');
title('Magnitude (dB)');
xlabel('Normalized Frequency(\times\pi rad/sample)');