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    Microprocessor and Interfacing Theory Assignment-1

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    Sriharsha Chinta
    Here are the explanations for the SUB instructions: a) SUB CX, BX - Subtracts the value in BX register from CX register and stores the result in CX. b) SUB DH, 0EEH - Subtracts the immediate value 0EEH from DH register and stores the result in DH. c) SUB BP, 33H - Subtracts the immediate value 33H from BP register and stores the result in BP. d) SUB CH, [SI] - Subtracts the value in the memory location pointed by SI register from CH register and stores the result in CH. e) SUB DX, [SI+10] - Subtracts the value in the

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    Microprocessor and Interfacing Theory Assignment-1

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    Sriharsha Chinta
    34 views6 pages
    Here are the explanations for the SUB instructions: a) SUB CX, BX - Subtracts the value in BX register from CX register and stores the result in CX. b) SUB DH, 0EEH - Subtracts the immediate value 0EEH from DH register and stores the result in DH. c) SUB BP, 33H - Subtracts the immediate value 33H from BP register and stores the result in BP. d) SUB CH, [SI] - Subtracts the value in the memory location pointed by SI register from CH register and stores the result in CH. e) SUB DX, [SI+10] - Subtracts the value in the

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    Microprocessor and Interfacing theory Assignment-1

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    Here are the explanations for the SUB instructions: a) SUB CX, BX - Subtracts the value in BX register from CX register and stores the result in CX. b) SUB DH, 0EEH - Subtracts the immediate value 0EEH from DH register and stores the result in DH. c) SUB BP, 33H - Subtracts the immediate value 33H from BP register and stores the result in BP. d) SUB CH, [SI] - Subtracts the value in the memory location pointed by SI register from CH register and stores the result in CH. e) SUB DX, [SI+10] - Subtracts the value in the

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    34 views6 pages

    Microprocessor and Interfacing Theory Assignment-1

    Uploaded by

    Sriharsha Chinta
    Here are the explanations for the SUB instructions: a) SUB CX, BX - Subtracts the value in BX register from CX register and stores the result in CX. b) SUB DH, 0EEH - Subtracts the immediate value 0EEH from DH register and stores the result in DH. c) SUB BP, 33H - Subtracts the immediate value 33H from BP register and stores the result in BP. d) SUB CH, [SI] - Subtracts the value in the memory location pointed by SI register from CH register and stores the result in CH. e) SUB DX, [SI+10] - Subtracts the value in the

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    Download as pdf or txt
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    Microprocessor and Interfacing theory Assignment-1
    Name: Sriharsha Chinta

    Reg.No: 20BCE2049

    Slot: D2

    Question & Answer-2

    The MUL instruction deals with the multiplication of two unsigned numbers. There are
    types of multiplication depending on the number of bits:

    • Byte with byte


    • Word with Word
    • Byte with word

    Example-Assembly Language Program


    MOV AL, 5H ; a byte is moved to AL
    MOV BL, 10H ; immediate data must be in BL register
    MULBL ; AX = 0050h, CF = 0

    Emulator Result
    16-Bit Multiplication

    Example-Assembly Language Program

    The following statements multiply the 16-bit value 2000H by 0100H. The Carry flag is set
    because the upper part of the product (located in DX) is not equal to zero:

    MOV AX, 2000H ; a word is moved to AX

    MOV BX, 0100H ; immediate data must be in BX register

    MULBX ; DX:AX = 00200000H, CF = 1

    Emulator Result
    The IMUL instruction allows the multiplication of two signed operands. The operands can
    be positive or negative. When the operand is a byte, it is multiplied with AL register and
    when it is a word, it is multiplied with AX register. The operation of MUL and IMUL
    instructions are same. The only difference between two is one deals with the multiplication
    of unsigned numbers and the other deals with signed operands.

    If the product of multiplier and multiplicand produce result that fits into the destination
    register DX and AX with some of the bits left unused. Then these unused bits are filled with
    the copies of signed bit and clear CF and OF flags to zero.

    Example-Assembly Language Program


    The following instructions multiply 4 by 4, producing (-16) in AX. AH is a sign extension of AL
    so the Overflow flag is clear

    MOV AL, -4 ; a byte is moved to AL


    MOV BL, 4 ; immediate data must be in BL register
    IMULBL ; AX = FFF0H, OF = 0

    Emulator Result
    The main difference between MUL and IMUL is that MUL multiplies the 'unsigned
    numbers'. IMUL multiplies 'signed numbers'.
    Explanation:

    • The MUL and IMUL are multiplication instructions. Here, MUL instructions used for
    multiplying unsigned numbers. On the other hand, IMUL multiplies signed numbers.
    • For these instructions, one factor should be in the accumulator register. The other
    factor can be in any of the memory operand or single register.
    • The IMUL instruction with multiple operands can be used for both signed – unsigned
    multiplication. This is because, the 16 bit product will be same in both case.

    When multiplying N-bit number by other N-bit one, the low N bits of the result are the
    same no matter whether you do the signed or unsigned. So both 32-bit MUL and IMUL
    produce the same low 32 bits of result. For this reason though there are additional variants
    of IMUL that can store result in any 32-bit register or memory location, there are no such
    for MUL, since they would do exactly the same. The difference is in case when the result is
    stored as 64 bits in EDX:EAX, and high 32 bits (in EDX) may differ.

    Question & Answer-3

    a) 3A.3

    (3A.3) ₁₆ = (3 × 16¹) + (10 × 16⁰) + (3 × 16⁻¹) = (58.1875) ₁₀

    b) 219.C

    (219.C) ₁₆ = (2 × 16²) + (1 × 16¹) + (9 × 16⁰) + (12 × 16⁻¹) = (537.75) ₁₀

    c) CA.DC

    (CA. DC) ₁₆ = (12 × 16¹) + (10 × 16⁰) + (13 × 16⁻¹) + (12 × 16⁻²) = (202.859375) ₁₀
    d) FBB.3

    (FBB.3) ₁₆ = (15 × 16²) + (11 × 16¹) + (11 × 16⁰) + (3 × 16⁻¹) = (4027.1875) ₁₀

    e) B8B.0E

    (B8B.0E) ₁₆ = (11 × 16²) + (8 × 16¹) + (11 × 16⁰) + (0 × 16⁻¹) + (14 × 16⁻²) =


    (2955.0546875) ₁₀

    Question & Answer-4

    a) SUB CX, BX

    b) SUB DH, 0EEH

    c) SUB BP, 33H

    d) SUB CH, [SI]

    e) SUB DX, [SI+10]

    f) SUB AGAIN, AL

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