Group 1 - Structural Case Study - Dalian
Group 1 - Structural Case Study - Dalian
Group 1 - Structural Case Study - Dalian
Introduction
Dalian is an important seaport, industrial, trade, and
tourism center, located in the southernmost part of
the Liaodong Peninsula in the Chinese Liaoning
Province.
Location: Client:
Dalian, China Dalian Municipal People’s
Government, P.R. China
Building Length
220 m
No. of Floors
8
NATURAL VENTILATION
PV CELLS
VENTILATION SYSTEM
AUTOMATED LOUVERS
AUTOMATED LOUVERS (SUPPLY AIR)
(SUPPLY AIR)
SEA
Steel Space Structure Metal Cladding Solar panels Steel Trusses Perforated
and exhausts External Skin
Public Entrance Multifunctional hall Lobby Opera Main stage Banquet Exhibition
Perforated Steel Space Structure Solar panels Steel Trusses Steel Space Structure
External Skin and exhausts
Public Entrance Conference hall Meeting Rooms Exhibition Main stage Garden Conference hall
Doubly
Ruled
facade
Facade
Spatial twisted steel framework
Cores
Table
Auditorium
Spatial steel structure
Conference boxes
Spatial steel structure
Image 2.3 : Exploded Model showing structure layers
The structural concept is based on a sandwich structure composed of two elements: the “table” and
“ceiling”. Both are steel space structures with depths ranging between 5 and 8 meters.
The whole structure is lifted 7 meters above ground level and is supported by 14 cores of steel and concrete Table
compounds. Spatial steel framework
A doubly ruled façade structure connects the two layers of table and roof, creating a load-bearing shell
structure.
The application of new design and simulation techniques, the knowledge of local shipbuilders to bend massive Cores and Columns
Vertical steel concrete bond
steel plates, and the consumption of more than 40,000 tons of steel enables breathtaking spans of over 85
meters and cantilevering of over 40 meters.
Large Span Design Studio, 7th Semester Image 2.4 : Exploded Model
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi | 2021 Diljotpal Singh Khushi Sarkar Shashwat Prakhar Uday Pratap Gupta
Dalian International Conference Center| Structure- Spatial Steel Framework
Applications
Image 2.5 : Stretched steel structure on massive construction cores with reinforced concrete shell conference hall
Composed of planar substructures. The plane is The vault has a cross section of a simple arch. Requires the use of tetrahedral modules or
channeled through the horizontal bars and the Does not need to use tetrahedron modules as a pyramids and additional support from a skin
shear forces are supported by diagonals part of its backing
All elements are in a single layer, generally used The elements are arranged in two parallel layers Elements are placed in three parallel layers,
in lightweight structures with each other at a certain distance apart. The linked by the diagonals. They are almost always
diagonal bars connecting the nodes if both flat. This is adapted to decrease the length of the
lakers in different directions in space diagonal members
Image 2.7 : Spatial Steel Framework types according to the number of grid layers
Large Span Design Studio, 7th Semester
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi | 2021 Diljotpal Singh Khushi Sarkar Shashwat Prakhar Uday Pratap Gupta
Dalian International Conference Center| Structure - Spatial Steel Framework types
According to the type of joint
System III Space Frame Pyramid Sphere Space Frame Hemispherical Node Axent Space Frame
Ideal solution for medium spans Practical assembly using a hand
Most versatile, forged steel ball and tube system Traditional ball and tub appearance
Max span 90 feet wrench only
Easiest ball and tube system to assemble Great for simple flat or flat sloping space frame
Contemporary appearance with a
Flexibility of form through free of angle projects
simple and mobile construction
process
Image 2.8 : Spatial Steel Framework types according to the type of joint
Shell Structure
Shell structure, in building construction, a thin, curved plate structure shaped to transmit
applied forces by compressive, tensile, and shear stresses that act in the plane of the
surface.They are usually constructed of concrete reinforced with steel mesh.
Roof structure
System III Space Frame Fabrication
Shells may be cast in place, or pre-cast off site and moved into place and assembled. The
strongest form of shell is the monolithic shell, which is cast as a single unit. The most
common monolithic form is the dome, but ellipsoids and cylinders are also possible
using similar construction methods.
Facade
Spatial twisted steel
framework
Table
Spatial steel framework
Image 3.1 : Cores and Columns with vertical steel concrete bond
Image 3.3 : Table and Conference Box Flat cover ,Double layer space frame
Large Span Design Studio, 7th Semester
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi | 2021 Diljotpal Singh Khushi Sarkar Shashwat Prakhar Uday Pratap Gupta
Dalian International Conference Center| Structure
Image 4.3 : Facade with different types of openings Image 4.4 :Exploded roof structure
Type S02
Type S01 Type S03
Well ventilated,
Type of facade and function shaded
and lit, view not
Building structure
Visible view
visible
1. Scaffolding Method
3. Lift Up Method
The whole space frame is assembled at the ground level so
that most of the work can be done before hoisting. Increased
efficiency and better quality.
QUADROCLAD® QC500
Image 5.1 :
Extruded
profiles
encased
between two
aluminium
layers
Image 5.4 : Facade construction process Image 5.5 : Facade construction process details
Lastly, overlay all of the systems, the structural members of the space
frame
Legend
GI - Grid
R - Regular
SR - Semi-Regular
VC - Vertex Connection
NID - Node Identification VC SR22
RD - Dual Regular
SRD - Dual Semi Regular
SFSM - Space Frame Structural Membrane
NID SFSMw
● The building consists of two elements “the table and the roof. The opera, conference halls and access zones rest on the table-shaped steel construction, with a three-dimensional deformed
façade-roof construction above it
● Both elements are steel space frames with depths ranging between five and eight meters.
● The whole structure is supported by fourteen vertical cores made of composite steel and concrete. The steel constructions were produced at Chinese shipyards, since these were the only
facilities where the 10-cm steel plates could be welded safely and precisely.
● Modern technology and construction expertise allowed for span widths of more than 85 meters and projections of more than 40 meters.
● To make the building’s architectural concept and function visible from the outside, the conference halls penetrate the facade. They stand out against the metallic outer skin and deform it. The
perforated aluminum slats of the exterior shell provide a sufficient amount of daylight and give the building its striking sculptural shape. The slats are opened in some of the public areas,
offering selective views of the city and the bay of Dalian.
Roof
Facade Roof
Perforated aluminium
slats
Conference Halls
Table
Image 5.7 : Structure model Image 5.8 : Dalian International Conference Center