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    What Is Research

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    Rahul Kumar
    1) Research is a systematic process of discovering new knowledge through a scientific investigation. It involves collecting data to answer a research question or test a hypothesis. 2) There are different types of research methods including descriptive research, which describes characteristics of a population, analytical research which analyzes facts to make inferences, and experimental research which tests hypotheses in a controlled environment. 3) Key aspects of research methodology include determining how to answer research questions, identifying appropriate techniques and methods, considering assumptions and limitations, and systematically solving research problems. The specific techniques used to collect and analyze data are called research methods.

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    What Is Research

    Uploaded by

    Rahul Kumar
    22 views3 pages
    1) Research is a systematic process of discovering new knowledge through a scientific investigation. It involves collecting data to answer a research question or test a hypothesis. 2) There are different types of research methods including descriptive research, which describes characteristics of a population, analytical research which analyzes facts to make inferences, and experimental research which tests hypotheses in a controlled environment. 3) Key aspects of research methodology include determining how to answer research questions, identifying appropriate techniques and methods, considering assumptions and limitations, and systematically solving research problems. The specific techniques used to collect and analyze data are called research methods.

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    1) Research is a systematic process of discovering new knowledge through a scientific investigation. It involves collecting data to answer a research question or test a hypothesis. 2) There are different types of research methods including descriptive research, which describes characteristics of a population, analytical research which analyzes facts to make inferences, and experimental research which tests hypotheses in a controlled environment. 3) Key aspects of research methodology include determining how to answer research questions, identifying appropriate techniques and methods, considering assumptions and limitations, and systematically solving research problems. The specific techniques used to collect and analyze data are called research methods.

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    22 views3 pages

    What Is Research

    Uploaded by

    Rahul Kumar
    1) Research is a systematic process of discovering new knowledge through a scientific investigation. It involves collecting data to answer a research question or test a hypothesis. 2) There are different types of research methods including descriptive research, which describes characteristics of a population, analytical research which analyzes facts to make inferences, and experimental research which tests hypotheses in a controlled environment. 3) Key aspects of research methodology include determining how to answer research questions, identifying appropriate techniques and methods, considering assumptions and limitations, and systematically solving research problems. The specific techniques used to collect and analyze data are called research methods.

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    of 3

    RESEARCH METHOD IN SOCIAL SCIENCES 1

    WHAT IS RESEARCH ?

    Research is “re-search,” meaning a voyage of discovery. “Re” means again and again, and “search”
    means a voyage of knowledge. Research facilitates original contribution to the existing stock of
    knowledge, making for its advancement for the betterment of this universe. Research inculcates
    scientific and inductive thinking, and it promotes logical habits of thinking and organizations. The wider
    area of research and its application has laid to define research in various ways by various authors. By
    and large, research can be thought of as a scientific process by which new facts, ideas, and theories
    could be established or proved in any branch of knowledge. Research is an art of scientific
    investigations; it leads to unearth the so-called hidden things of this universe. Research leads to
    enrichment of knowledge bank.

    Research is a diligent search, studious inquiry, investigation or experimentation aimed at the discovery
    of new facts and findings; or, broadly, it may relate to any subject of inquiry with regard to collection of
    information, interpretation of facts, and revision of existing theories or laws in the light of new facts or
    evidence. More complex research would be required to investigate, for example, the causes of human
    fertility decline in Asia, or future labour force migration patterns in Asia.

    Research Methodology

    The systematic process of solving a research problem is termed as research methodology. The science of
    studying how a research is carried out scientifically is known as research methodology. It generally
    encompasses various steps followed by researchers in studying research problems adopting logical
    sequences. In doing so, researchers should clearly understand the following questions in their mind:
    how to reach the answers to the questions, what could be the other steps, and what
    methods/techniques should be used? They should have ideas about a particular technique to be used
    among the available techniques, what are the assumptions and what are the merits and demerits. Thus,
    proper knowledge of research methodology enables a researcher to accomplish his or her research
    projects in a meticulous way.

    Research Method

    Techniques or methods used in performing research operation known as research method. Research
    method is mainly concerned with the collection and analysis of information generated in answering the
    research problem that researchers have in mind. Thus, research method mostly includes analytical tools
    of research. The method of collecting information (from observation, experimentation, survey,
    etc.)using an appropriate survey/case study/experimentation method is included in a research method.

    Research Methodology vs. Research Method

    A research method is a way of conducting and implementing research. Research methodology is the
    science and philosophy behind all research. It goes into the heart of how we know what we know and
    allows us to understand the very strict constraints placed upon our concept of what knowledge actually
    is.

    Research is a journey towards the betterment of human lifestyle. It is innovative, intellectual, and fact-
    finding tools. Depending upon the nature, objectives, and other factors, research program has been
    defined or categorized under different types
    RESEARCH METHOD IN SOCIAL SCIENCES 1

    Types of Research

    Research is a journey towards the betterment of human lifestyle. It is innovative, intellectual, and fact-
    finding tools. Depending upon the nature, objectives, and other factors, research program has been
    defined or categorized under different types

    1. Descriptive research - Descriptive research includes surveys and fact-finding enquiries of


    different kinds. This research is sometimes known as ex post facto research. In this type of
    research, the objective is to describe a state of phenomenon that already exists. Generally the
    researchers attempt to trace probable causes of an effect which has already occurred even
    when a researcher doesn’t have any control over the variables.Ex post facto research may also
    be undertaken in business and industry, for example, reasons for changing behavior of
    consumer towards a particular commodity or group of commodity. In this type of studies, all
    measures to describe the characteristics as well as correlation measures are considered.
    2. Analytical Research
    Analytical research study is based on facts. A researcher has to use the facts or information
    available to them, analyzes them to critically evaluate the situation and followed by inferences.
    Thus, the difference between the descriptive and analytical research, though there is no silver
    lining, is that analytical research most likely goes deep inside the information for critical
    evaluations of the situations, whereas descriptive research may have the sole objective in
    describing the characteristics of the situations
    3. Exploratory Research
    Exploratory research is associated with the development of a hypothesis. It is the type of
    research in which a researcher has no idea about the possible outcome of the research.
    Research is an innovative activity. It is an intellectual process to provide more benefits to the
    community. Exploratory research is the tool to discover hidden facts underlying the universe.
    Exploratory research can, however, be conducted to enrich a researcher on a particular
    phenomenon he or she wishes to study. For example, if a researcher intends to study social
    interaction pattern against the polio vaccination program or polythene avoidance program but
    has little idea about human behavior, a preliminary interaction with persons related against the
    polio vaccinations or against the polythene avoidance may help the researcher in designing his
    or her research program.
    4. Explanatory Research
    The purpose of explanatory research design is to answer the question why. That means in
    explanatory research, the problem is known and descriptions of the problem are with the
    researcher but the causes or reason sort the description of the described findings is yet to be
    known. Thus, explanatory research starts working where descriptive research ends. For
    example, descriptive research has findings that more than 30% of people in a particular
    community suffer from a particular disease or abnormality. Now, an explanatory researcher
    starts working to search the reason for such results. He or she is interested in knowing why a
    particular phenomenon is happening, what are the reasons behind it, and how could it be
    improved upon.
    RESEARCH METHOD IN SOCIAL SCIENCES 1

    5. Historical Research
    Historical research means an investigation of the past. In this type of research, past information
    is noted and analyzed to interpret the condition existed during the period of investigations. It
    may be a cross-sectional research or a time series research. This method utilizes sources like
    documents, remains, etc., to study past events or ideas, including the philosophies of people
    and groups at any remote point in time. In forecasting generally the past records are analyzed to
    find out the trends and behaviors of a particular subject of interest. These are sometimes
    mathematically modeled to extrapolate the future of a phenomenon with an assumption that
    past situations will likely continue in the future. The Delphi and expert opinion methods are
    examples of using such historical method of research in solving research problems
    6. What is Experimental Research?
    7. Experimental research is a study that strictly adheres to a scientific research design. It includes a
    hypothesis, a variable that can be manipulated by the researcher, and variables that can be
    measured, calculated and compared. Most importantly, experimental research is completed in a
    controlled environment. The researcher collects data and results will either support or reject the
    hypothesis. This method of research is referred to a hypothesis testing or a deductive research
    method (Babbie 4).
    What is the Purpose of Experimental Research? Experimental research seeks to determine a
    relationship between two (2) variables—the dependent variable and the independent variable.
    After completing an experimental research study, a correlation between a specific aspect of an
    entity and the variable being studied is either supported or rejected.

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