TRAVANCORE TITANIUM PRODUCTS LIMITED

A SUMMER INTERNSHIP REPORT

Submitted by

GAYATHRY SURESH

Roll No- FIT21MBA51

in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree

of

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

of APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University

FISAT BUSINESS SCHOOL

AUGUST, 2022
 DECLARATION

I do hereby declare that this report is a bonafide record of the organization study done by
me under the supervision of Dr. Dhanya Alex, Associate Professor, FISAT Business
School, and Mrs. Beena T, HR Manager, Travancore Titanium Products Limited during
the months July 2022 and August 2022 in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
award of the Degree of Masters in Business Administration, FISAT Business School,
Angamaly.

This work has not been undertaken or submitted elsewhere in connection with any other
academic course.

Place:

Date: Gayathry Suresh

iii
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The internship opportunity I had with TTPL was a great chance for learning and
professional development. I am grateful for having a chance to meet so many wonderful
people and professionals who led me through this internship period.

Bearing the above in mind I am using this opportunity to express my deepest gratitude
and special thanks to Mrs Beena T, HR Manager, TTPL who in spite of being
extraordinarily busy with her duties, took time out to hear, guide, and keep me on the
correct path and allowing me to carry out my project at their esteemed organization and
extending during the training.

I express my deepest thanks to Mr Rajesh Kumar M, Senior Superintendent, HR

Department for taking part in useful decisions & giving necessary advice and guidance,
and for arranging all facilities to make life easier. I choose this moment to acknowledge
his contribution gratefully.

It is my radiant sentiment to place on record my best regards, and deepest sense of

gratitude to Dr. Joshua Ambat, Director, FISAT Business School, and Dr. Dhanya
Alex, Associate Professor, FISAT Business School for their careful and precious
guidance which were extremely valuable for my study both theoretically and practically.

GAYATHRY SURESH

iv
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Summer Internship work entitled “Summer Internship at

Travancore Titanium Products Limited” submitted to APJ Abdul Kalam University
(KTU) in partial fulfilment of the requirements for award of MBA degree is a record of
original work done by Gayathry Suresh during the period July-August 2022 under the
supervision of Dr. Dhanya Alex, Associate Professor, FISAT Business School,
Angamaly.

Dr. Dhanya Alex Prof. Prashanth P John

Faculty Guide Internship Coordinator

Dr A J Joshua

Director, FISAT Business School

v
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This report is based on the summer internship completed in Travancore Titanium

Products Limited from 18th July, 2022 to 31st August, 2022. Travancore Titanium
Products Limited (hereinafter referred to as TTPL) is the leading manufacturer of anatase-
grade titanium dioxide in India.

During the internship period, all the interns were tasked with visiting staff from each
department of the organization in order to garner in-depth knowledge about the working
and functioning of the same. There were also routine quiz sessions about the information
gathered in various instances. The weekly reports submitted by the interns were
scrutinized and examined before being signed off each time.

There was also a scheduled visit to all three manufacturing plants which included detailed
information of the production process. These visits were followed by questioning sessions
regarding the same in order to assess progress.

Furthermore, there were also individual face- to- face meetings with professionals in the
field which included insights regarding the study course and the subjects as well as career
guidance.

vi
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Sl. No. Title Pg. No.

1 Introduction 1-5
1.1 Objectives of the Internship 3

1.2 Industry Analysis 3

2 Organization Analysis 6-47

2.1 Organization Structure 8

2.2 Mission & Vision 10

2.3 Product Profile 10

2.4 Department Profile 12

2.5 SWOC Analysis 39

2.6 Organization Policies 41

2.7 Competitor Analysis 45

3 Positioning of the Intern 48-50

3.1 Department Allotted to the Intern 49

3.2 Department Structure 49

3.3 Duties and Responsibilities Assigned 50

3.4 Brief Detail about Internship 50

4 Internship Overview 51-61

4.1 Weekly Activity Report 52
4.2 Contribution of the Intern 59

4.3 Learnings from the Internship 59

5 Conclusion 62-63

6 References 64

vii
 LIST OF TABLES

Sl. No. Title Pg. No.

2.1 The Management Team of TTPL 8

2.2 The Board of Directors of TTPL 9

2.3 Personal protective equipment provided by TTPL 33

2.4 Comparison of price and quality of competitors 47

4.1 Activity report of week 1 52

4.2 Activity report of week 2 53

4.3 Activity report of week 3 54

4.4 Activity report of week 4 55

4.5 Activity report of week 5 56

4.6 Activity report of week 6 57

4.7 Activity report of week 7 58

4.8 Objectives V. Achievements of the internship 60

viii
 LIST OF FIGURES

Sl. No. Title Pg. No.

2.1 The organizational chart of TTPL 9

2.2 The profit and sales detail of TTPL for the past 5 years 12

3.1 Structure of HR Department, TTPL 49

ix
 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
 2

A study of organisations from several angles, using various techniques, and at various
degrees of analysis is referred to as an organisational study. The research was done at
Travancore Titanium Product Limited in Trivandrum, a manufacturing facility (TTPL).
The Kerala State Government owns 80.94% of the shares of TTPL, a public limited
company that falls within the State Public Sector. 7.91% are held by Kerala State
Industrial Development Corporation (KSIDC), while the other shares are held by the
general public. There are around 826 employees and 110 officers in this sector, all of
whom are focused on enhancing productivity, profitability, competitiveness, and market
leadership. The maximum age for employees is 58, and the maximum age for officers is
60. The new plants to this connection will be introduced this year. TTPL has proposals to
increase its capacity to 27000 tonnes per year, modernise, and diversify in phases to
produce both Anatase and Rutile Grades of Titanium Dioxide pigment.

Ilmenite is widely available as placer deposits on beaches close to Kollam in the coastal
state of Kerala, India. On December 18th, 1946, TTPL was established to create pigment
grade Titanium Dioxide from this material. The British Titan Products (BTP) Company
Limited, a U.K. company, and the princely state of Travancore collaborated to market the
unit (now known as Tioxide Group limited). Indian Titan Products Company served as
the company's managing agency and had administrative control over the business.

The company gradually grew its capacity to the current level of 40–45 tonnes per day
after beginning production at a modest rate of 5 tonnes per day. The only facility in India
that produced anatase-grade titanium dioxide pigment up until recently was Travancore
Titanium Products Ltd.

It is an accomplishment that titanium dioxide, a chemical that was previously only

produced in highly industrialised western countries, is now produced in Trivandrum. In
South-East Asia as a whole, TTPL was the only facility producing this white pigment,
not just in India.
 3

1.1. OBJECTIVES OF THE INTERNSHIP

 To study the overall performance of the company.

 To understand the actual functioning of the organization.

 To know about the practical application of various learned theories in the

organization.

 To make a SWOT analysis of the organization.

1.2. INDUSTRY ANALYSIS

The primary white pigment used in commerce is titanium dioxide (TiO2), an organic solid
with a variety of excellent physical qualities. White lead, lithopone, and zinc white are
competing white pigments, however TiO2 is gaining ground. Three crucial physical
traits—a high refractive index, a lack of colour, and chemical inertness—are primarily
responsible for its dominance.

Due to the presence of impurities like iron and other components, TiO2 found in nature
is typically coloured. Pure TiO2 cannot be created without processing. Pure TiO2 large
crystals are transparent, but when they are finely crushed to the ideal particle size, they
become quite opaque. Coloured pigments differ from TiO2 pigments in that the latter are
characterised by selective visible spectrum light absorption. TiO2 also demonstrates
outstanding chemical inertness. Its melting point is approximately 1840 °C, giving it high
heat resistance. Due to its lack of toxicity, TiO2 has replaced white lead in paints.

TiO₂ is polymorphous, showing three distinct crystalline forms- rutile, anatase, brookite.
Only rutile and anatase are of importance technically and commercially. These two
modifications of TiO₂ differ in their basic structures and some physical properties:

1. The refractive index of anatase is slightly less than rutile.

 4

2. Rutile crustal structure modification exhibits greater stability than the anatase form.

3. Anatase is less abrasive than rutile.

4. Rutile pigments impart greater durability than anatase.

Titanium Dioxide, a white pigment, accounting for about two-thirds of total

manufacturing capacity, or 3.17 million tonnes annually. Additionally, TiO2 holds a 75%
market share on the global market for white pigments. Its dominance is mostly
attributable to a variety of superior physical characteristics, including a high refractive
index, lack of colour, and chemical inertness. TiO2 is increasingly replacing white
pigments like white lead, lithopone, zinc sulphide, etc. Paints and coatings, plastics and
paper, inks, ceramics, cosmetics, textiles, etc. are the principal industrial consumers of
TiO2.

Due to the sharp decline in GDP that followed the start of the world recession in 1989,
there was an oversupply of TiO2 manufacturing capacity compared to demand. Due to
this, manufacturers were left with a product that was both overcapacity-related and of
worse quality. For instance, between 1989 and 1991, the collapse in TiO2 and too
optimistic capacity increases resulted in price drops of 13% and 16% in the US and
Germany, respectively.

The "Operating rate" is another useful metric for assessing the success of the TiO2 sector.
The percentage of production capacity that is being used at any particular time is known
as the operating rate. The world operating rate varied throughout the 1980s, which were
regarded as a "golden period" by the TiO2 industry, between a healthy 92 and 97%. But
once the recession got underway, this fell to a low of 85% in 1991 and, more recently,
83.5% in 1996. The 1996 rate was ascribed to elements like consumer destocking, a
decline in paper consumption, and heightened manufacturer competitiveness. These
elements contributed to a dramatic drop in TiO2 price, which in turn reduced the operating
rate.

A host of other small manufacturers includes Kemira with a production capacity of

2,90,000 tons, Ishihara with 1,97,000 tons, Kerr McGee with 1,73,000 tonnes, Bayer with
1,47,000 tons, etc. combined accounted for 1,796,000 tonnes representing 43% of world
 5

capacity. Major TiO₂ manufacturers in India are –

1. Kerala Minerals & Metals Ltd, Kollam, Kerala.

2. Kilburn Chemicals Ltd, Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu.
3. Colmack Chemicals Ltd, West Bengal.
 CHAPTER 2
ORGANIZATIONAL ANALYSIS
 7

An organisation certified to ISO 9001:2015, Travancore Titanium Products Limited is a

public sector undertaking managed by the Kerala government in India that produces and
sells several grades of titanium dioxide pigments. It is located in the Keralan state of
Kochuveli, Thiruvananthapuram. It was founded to facilitate the commercial exploitation
of illmenite, a priceless natural resource. Between two tidal channels, between
Neendakara in the south and Kayamkulam in the north, is where this substantial sand
deposit is located along the seashore. This basic material, illmenite, may be turned into
titanium dioxide extremely cheaply. With ISO 9001:2015 accreditation, Travancore
Titanium Products is one of India's major producers and exporters of titanium dioxide
(Anatase grade) pigment. Travancore Titanium Products Ltd uses the sulphate process in
conjunction with sulfuric acid to produce titanium. In this procedure, finely ground
illmenite is digested with potent sulfuric acid to form titanium sulphate, which is then
hydrolyzed to produce TiO2. Titanium dioxide of the Anatase grade is the company's
principal offering.

TTPL is a public sector organisation that is overseen by the Keralan government. It is the
country's first manufacturer of titanium dioxide. The then-diwan of Travancore, Sir C. P.
Ramaswamy Iyer, was the one who first proposed the idea of starting a plant that would
produce titanium dioxide. Illmenite, which is used to make TiO2, may be found on the
beaches at Chavara, 65 km north of Thiruvananthapuram, the state capital. British Titan
Products (BPT) Company Limited, a UK company, and the then-princely state of
Travancore collaborated to market the facility (now known as Tioxide Group Limited).
The company gradually grew its capacity to the current level after beginning production
at a modest rate of 5 tonnes per day. Production at the company began in 1951. Travancore
Titanium Products Ltd. was managed by the Government of Kerala in 1960 despite
holding 80.94% of the shares. Then, it saw an increase in production capacity to 10 tonnes
per day. In the same year, a sulphuric acid plant was also built. When the output capacity
of the titanium dioxide facility was expanded to 45 tonnes per day in 1973, a significant
expansion was started and completed for Rs. 140 crores (15000 tonnes per annum). In the
same year, a third acid plant with a 300 tonne per day production capacity began
operations. In 1996, a new Sulphuric Acid plant that uses the tail gas recycling DCDA
(Double Catalysis Double Absorption) technology was created and began operating. The
alkali scrubbing system incorporated therein helps to keep sulphur dioxide emissions well
within permissible limits and helps in maintaining a clean environment.
 8

2.1. ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE

Table 2.1.- The Management Team of TTPL.

Designation Name E-mail id Phone no

Managing Sri. Georgee Ninan [email protected] 9745004342
Director
Company Sri. S.V. Vimal [email protected] 9847549610
Secretary
General Manager
(Technical) & Sri. Pradeepkumar P [email protected] 9072865023
HOD (Project)
Chief Financial Sri. Sivaprasad K. [email protected] 9048505630
Officer M
Dy. General Sri. M.K. [email protected] 9048505624
Manager (HR) Prabhakaran
Dy. General Sri. Perumal S [email protected] 9048505628
Manager
(Production)
Dy. General Sri. Sasikumaran [email protected] 9048505629
Manager
Thampi N
(Marketing &
Legal)
Dy. General Sri. Venugopal N [email protected] 9048505625
Manager
(Engineering)
Dy. General Dr. Johnson K [email protected] 9048505933
Manager (QM &
RD)
HOD (Safety & Sri. Vinod R [email protected] 9048505345
Environment)
HOD Sri. Anil Kumar B [email protected] 9048505637
(Commercial)

Vigilance & Sri. Binuraj V. [email protected] 9048505346

Security
Superintendent
 9

Table 2.2.- The Board of Directors of TTPL.

Designation Details

Sri. APM Mohammad Hanish IAS

Chairman Principal Secretary to Industries Dept.
Government of Kerala
Managing Director Sri. Georgee Ninan
Mob: 9745004342
Smt. K.S. Usha
Director Addl. Secretary (Finance Dept.)
Government of Kerala
Smt. Latha S.
Director Under Secretary (Industries Dept.)
Government of Kerala

Fig.- 2.1.- The organizational chart of TTPL.

 10

2.2. MISSION AND VISION

Mission
To ensure customer satisfaction by continuously improving product quality and to earn a
reasonable profit.

Vision

To be the largest producer of Titanium dioxide products and the most preferred supplier.

2.3. PRODUCT PROFILE

Travancore Titanium Products Ltd is one of the largest industries in India that produces
Titanium Dioxide (Ti02). The company is also manufacturing Potassium Titanate,
Sodium Titanate, low Phosphorus and Special Grade Titanium Dioxide comparatively in
small quantities.

Titanium Dioxide (Ti02) is a white pigment and there are two grades of Titanium Dioxide.

 Rutile Grade
 Anatase Grade
These two grades of Titanium Dioxide are chemically same but their physical properties
differ from each other. The company deals with the production of Titanium Dioxide,
which belongs to Anatase grade. The major raw material used for production is Ilmenite.
The most important commercial use of Ilmenite is for the manufacture of Titanium
Dioxide pigment. Ilmenite is a compound of the oxides of iron, Titanium and traces of
other elements. The separation of Titanium Dioxide can be done through the sulphate
route or chloride route. The Travancore Titanium Product plant is based on the Sulphate
Route.

Few grades of Titanium dioxide are produced namely

 Anatase – ISI Grade

 Rutile Grade
 Anatase PG
 Rutile PG
 Anatase GP
 11

 Rutile GP
 In addition to TiO2, TTPL manufacturers small quantities of the following on
demand.
 Potassium Titanate
 Anatase Special Grade

Anatase (ISI)

This is a pigmentary form of TiO2 having the following desirable properties – High
brightness, tinting strength, good colour, excellent dispersion characteristics in both
aqueous and non-aqueous media. Suitable for use in paints, paper, plastics, linoleum,
rubber, leather finishes, soap and cosmetics and other applications.

Rutile Grade

The major application is Plastic Master Batches, paint, Textiles. Substitute for treated
Rutile especially in plastics, paints, undercoats, printing inks, primers, road marking
paints, rubber ceramics, welding rods. Making quality seamless welding possible.

Anatase (PG)

The product is highly suitable for plastic Master batch applications. It has been
substantially used for end applications like Monolayer films, Thicker 3layer films (>50
microns), Sheets and Profiles etc. It has a very good whiteness Index, dispersability and
filterability. Especially recommended for high opacity tough films for detergent packing
and shopping bags.

Rutile (PG)

The product is recommended for products requiring more UV exposure and can be used
for making M.B.S. and compounds for both moulding and extrusion. It can be used for
making Yellows, Ivory, Beige and Oranges. Is used extensively for thin gages HM – HD
films.

Anatase (GP)

General purpose pigment is recommended for use in non-decorative paints, cement

 12

paints, distempers and rubber products.

Rutile (GP)

The major applications are ceramic, Paints, Plastics.

Potassium Titanate

Potassium titan ate possesses low thermal conductivity and high reflectance ranging from
ultra-violet to infra-red region. Used in the manufacture of special quality welding rods,
due to its high insulating property and high melting point.

Anatase Special Grade

This low phosphorous Anatase grade is used in the manufacture of special quality
welding rods, due to its insulating properties and high melting point.

2.4. DEPARTMENT PROFILE

2.4.1. FINANCE DEPARTMENT

The profit and sales detail of TTPL for the last 5 years
250

200

150

100

50

0
2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019 2019-2020 2020-2021
-50

-100
2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019 2019-2020 2020-2021
Net Sales (in crores) 138.33 173.85 208.67 177.73 165.61
PBT (in crores) 3.31 19.25 8.06 -6.87 -63.51
PAT (in crores) 0.65 17.71 8.13 -16.04 -67.07

Net Sales (in crores) PBT (in crores) PAT (in crores)

Fig. 2.2.- The profit and sales detail of TTPL for the past 5 years.
 13

Objectives of Finance Department

 To prepare corporate plans, annual plans and budgets.

 To control cost, financial planning and ensuring uniform and correct observance of
financial disciplines of the company.
 To monitor the progress of budget achievements.
 To provide accounting service to all levels and ensuring updating of systems
procedures for the same.
 To advise management on fund utilization and its implementation.
 Setting of all investment proposals, certain new assets, new posts etc. from the point
of financial feasibility.
 To evolve an audit manual.

Functions of Finance Department

 To complete all budget work.

 Assist all departments in providing financial administration of all transactions.

 To make proper entries in books of accounts and extract reports like Trial Balance,
Profit and Loss A/c, Balance Sheet on a time bound basis. To collect all sums due to
the company.

 To make timely payments to creditors, suppliers, contractors, employees,

Government statutory bodies, service providers etc.

 Budget preparation, computerization and finalization of annual budgets, providing

information regarding budget provision as and when required.

 To prepare MIS as required by management

 To assist all types of audit work.

 To file proper returns in time.

 To manage cash properly to maintain proper liquidity.

 Timely dispersant of salary/wages to employees as per agreement.

 14

TTPL conducts four audits namely, Internal Audit, Statutory Audit as per Companies Act,
Accountant General Audit and Inspection Audit. The finance department consists of the
following sections-

Bills Section:

This section includes payment like (Statutory) K.S.E.B, Purchase, R.M, except salary of
employees. Receipt cum Inspection Report (RCIR) and invoice is received by Bills
section. This is scrutinized to consider the terms and conditions, as to whether there is
any damage, oversupply of goods or change in quantity and quality. All these details are
recorded in the tally records. For payment of purchases, purchase Bill is used. For
electricity, Water payment General Journal Voucher is used. The bill section also handles
Medical reimbursement for employees.

Salaries and wages section:

The salary section has following duties, such as calculation of salary, wages, Income tax,
P.F etc. Basic Pay, D.A. L.P, Overtime, Individual attendance, bonus (for workers) shift
allowance, HRA, conveyance allowance (RLT), special allowance, Holiday Pay,
Canteen, Loans, advances like Festival advance, Thrift, TLSS, TRC, Benevolent fund,
Bonus etc. at the times on the pay slip.

Cash section:

Cash section is in charge of preparing cheques on receipt of vouchers, on receipt from

bank and they maintain a Petty Cash Book for entering expense including during business
hours, which includes monthly salary and incentive payments and other payments.

Stores accounts section:

Proper maintenance of store accounts and proper balancing and recording of each and
every transaction is done.

Loan section:

Housing loans has been arranged through HDFC at an interest rate of 13% of which 6%
is provided by the company for the workers. Vehicle loans are also allowed to the
employees through this section.
 15

Computer cell section:

The computer cell in TTPL started functioning since 1994. Today almost all the
departments of the company are computerized. Various sections of the company are
connected through Local Area Network (LAN).

Time Office section:

Time Office is for recording the attendance of the workers. This section is under the
authority of Finance Controller. The manual card punching is the facilities provided in
time office. The electronic card punching system is used in office building to mark the
attendance of the entering employees. Simultaneously the attendance registers are kept in
each department.

2.4.2. MARKETING DEPARTMENT

Marketing Department was started on 14-12-02. Earlier there was no marketing

department in TTPL. The Marketing Department of Titanium mainly concentrates on sale
of final products. The Titanium Managing Committee (TMC) decides the sales for the
year. After fixing the sales target by TMC, it comes to the marketing department, then it
fixes price of the product.

There are two wings in the marketing department namely, Domestic wing – which deals
with domestic sales and Export wing – which deals with export sales.

Department level quality objectives

“To continual improvement of customer oriented services to meet customer’s

requirements.”

Domestic wing
To achieve customer satisfaction through timely execution of orders and to maintain
harmonious customer relationship.
Export wing
To achieve customer satisfaction through timely execution of export orders and to
 16

maintain quality standards in delivery of our product.

Objectives of Marketing Department.

 To select and appoint stockiest and other customers for direct sales.

 Invoicing and maintenance of customer accounts, follow up and management of

receivables etc.

 Order evaluation and acceptance, maintenance of order registers, priority booking

registers, dispatch registers.

 To fix price, fixation of sales commission and overall sales policy including market
budget.

 Export management.

 Delivery and logistics management. Export management.

Customers

Presently company has 33 authorized stockiest. These stockiest are nominated by

company. A general agreement is executed between company and the stockiest. In
addition to these stockiest, TTPL has many direct customers. These include reputed
organizations like Asian Paints, Berger Paints, Godrej, Bata etc. The sector wise
classification of customers of titanium products are Paint, Leather, Paper, Plastic, Printing
Ink, Soap, Cosmetics, Fabrics, Rubber, Ceramic, Artificial fibres, Pharmaceutical
preparation, Textiles, Electronic industries, Ink etc. Furthermore, Customer Satisfaction
Surveys are conducted yearly in the organization.

Sales activities - Procedure (Domestic)

Orders are received by post, fax, e-mail etc. Along with this order, customer has to send
cheques, pay in slip copy (amount credited to TTPL A/c). The customer has to send
original cheque. Also in case of depositing amount, the marketing department will ensure
that the amount is credited in TTPL’s ICICI, Trivandrum account. Usually one-month
credit is given to stockiest. So cheques will be post-dated. After verifying the details
regarding payment, customer’s demand for pigment grade etc., indent (work order) is
 17

prepared. Presently four copies are printed and software is available for indent
preparation. The indent is reviewed by Assistant Manager. The customer’s order may
contain details regarding transporter. So in the meantime department has to contact
transporter. The prepared indents are sent to Technical Service Lab (TSL) for batch
allotment and the details regarding allotment is sent to packing section. One copy of
indent is held in TS Lab and one copy in Packing Section. After getting authorized
signature from Packing Section, allotted batch is loaded in lorry/truck. Details regarding
Lorry Receipt (LR) and vehicle number are noted and invoice is prepared. By knowing
the indent number, invoice can be easily generated and details regarding LR and vehicle
number are entered. Eight copies of invoices are printed out. Original invoice is sent by
post to buyer. Duplicate copy of the invoice, LR and dispatch notes (3 copies) given to
transporter. Dispatch note includes details regarding number of bags, quantity etc.

Sales activities – (Exporting)

Presently TTPL’s products are exported to countries like USA, UAE, Malaysia,
Indonesia, China, Singapore etc. Both Anatase grade and Rutile grade are exported. Web
based interactions are done with customers. A sample if required is sent to the customers
by cargo. After discussions with the customers regarding price, terms of export like FOB
(Free Own Board), CIF (Cost Intense Freight), orders are placed by customers through
fax or email specializing terms. As per the financial capability of customers, bank LOC
(Letter of Credit) is opened. All conditions are stated in LOC. With the help of Central
Excise Department and in presence of them, the product is dispatched in container.
Products are exported through an agent at Kochi. Letter of Undertaking (LOU) is the
document (bond) used to export the products. This document is renewed yearly. DEPB
(Duty Entitlement Pass Book) license, an incentive license is owned by TTPL and with
the help of which company get incentives from Foreign Trade. There is no export duty.
Usually, the mode of transport used for exporting the product is sea transport. Export is
usually made according to the requirements of the customers.

Business promotion activities

Web-based and telephonic interactions are done with customers. Advertisements (mainly
magazine and newspapers and internet), trade commissions, discounts, introduction of
 18

company and company products to potential customers through internet, telephones,

mails etc. are all business promotion activities.

2.4.3. COMMERCIAL DEPARTMENT

The commercial department of Travancore Titanium Products Ltd. involves in purchase

activities and contracts. The work of this department is to sub serve all other activities of
the company, which results in smooth flow of material, inputs and services required.

Main objectives of the department include:

 To serve as an information centre on the materials knowledge relating to price, source

of supply, mode of delivery etc.
 The quantity of materials purchased should be tested and certified by a competent
officer from the department/stores.
 To develop good supplier relationship as this will ensure the best terms of supply of
materials.
 The financial and legal interest of the organisation related to purchase activities are
safeguarded and the timely supply is guaranteed.

Purchase Section

Purchasing is the function of procuring goods and services from external sources to the
organisation. In other words, purchasing is the procuring of materials, machine tools and
services required for equipment, maintenance and the operation of a manufacturing plant.
In TTPL, purchase department involves in purchase of raw materials like illmenite,
sulphur, scrap iron, furnace oil and also purchase of tools and equipment like fabrication
valves, pumps, canteen equipment, safety items, electrical goods, gears, lubricants, lab
items, stationary items etc.
 19

2.4.4. MATERIALS DEPARTMENT

In TTPL, even though the Materials section comes under the commercial department, it
is functioning independently. In this company the investment in current assets constitutes
a lion portion. Therefore, a separate stores department is maintained. The location a layout
of the department is carefully planned so that transportation charge can be minimized.

Functions of Material Department

 Issues of materials: The main function of this section is to issue the materials as per
the issue voucher. This issue is also recorded in Bin Card and Computer.
 Dispatch: As per the delivery orders received from the commercial department the
customers of the various products sent their transporting vehicles
through various transporters.. The invoice declaration and gate pass is prepared. The
materials produced daily is taken into stock and maintained in the register.
 Inspection: The receipt vouchers are checked for the item and the quantity and the
concerned intend of the material is asked to inspect and certify. The inspector works
in accordance to the concerned intends while receipt of goods.
 Inward Materials: All the stores materials coming to the stores as per the different
purchase orders made by the purchase section are received. The quantity and quality
a rechecked and a receipt voucher is prepared. After the inspection of materials,
quantify is recorded in the BinCard and Kardex as per the location and code of each
material.
 Raw Materials: The raw materials received from various sources i.e., departmental
and contractor are recorded as per the weighbridge bills.
 Inventory Control and Disposal: The material section is also concerned with the
inventory control. They should inform to the concerned departments when the
reorder level is reached.
 20

2.5.5. HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT

Human resource is the main asset of any organisation. Therefore, managing the human
resources is the most important function of any organisation. So it is essential for any
organization to fix a separate department for the management of human resources. The
department is responsible for personnel functions of the company to result in timely action
for maintaining smooth industrial relations, leading to employee’s morale and
productivity.

Employee strength of the company:

Presently there are nearly 823 employees. The employees fall under two categories:

 Managerial cadre

 Workers cadre

Managerial cadre is having superior service rules and the workers’ cadre having sub-
ordinate service rules.

Objectives of HR department
To provide leadership for management of industrial relations and employee’s welfare
functions of the company.
 Administering the different committees for employee’s participation.
 For evolving system of prompt attention and redressal of employee’s grievance and
prevention of the same.
 For evolving system of prompt attention and redressal of employee’s grievance and
prevention of the same. Administering the different committees for employee’s
participation.
 Implementing the standing orders pertaining in the company.
 To provide basics for corporate strategies and policies for maintenance of industrial
peace and for workers’ motivation.
 21

Functions of HR Department

 Man power planning and identification

One of the major functions of this department is the planning of the required manpower
and identification of the vacancies present in the company. The number of employees
required for the company was planned by Human resource department.

 Recruitment
Another important function of personal department is the recruitment of the right persons
in the right place at right time. It is the first time process by which employment is provided
to the adequate manpower resources. It is the positive process of searching for prospective
employees and circulating them to apply for the jobs.

Mainly there are 2 modes of recruitment-

a) Direct Recruitment
b) Public Service Commission

For the appointment of managerial cadre Direct Recruitment mode is used. For the
recruitment of process operator, work assistant, Direct Recruitment method is used.
Clerks and typists are recruited through PSC. For Direct Recruitment of workers, 30%
reserved for locals.

For Direct Recruitment invitation will be given to the professional employment exchange
and advertisement will be given in leading newspapers. Based on the written test &
interview, selection is made.

For conducting interviews there will be a selection committee consists of MD, Company
Secretary, Chief Manager (Human Resource), Govt. Nominee and representative of
concerned department.
 22

In addition to above 2 modes of recruitment, the following recruitments are made:

Sports Quota:

Titanium encourages sports activities in the state by recruiting young promising players
into the company sports team. These include Football, Volleyball players. The
recruitment is based on qualification and sport level performance.

Dying in Harness:

An employee’s dependant is provided employment in the company if he dies in service.

Special Recruitment:

For SC/ST through PSC: 8% SC and 2% ST.

Probationer

Newly appointed employees will be on probation. For Managerial cadre, it is one year.
For subordinate class, it is 6 months. There will be police verification for newly appointed
employee. During probation overall performance, attendance, punctuality, loss of pay,
any disciplinary action taken etc. will be taken into account. During probation period, the
employee will not be eligible for annual leave.

Appointment by transfer

This is a type of internal recruitment. In case there is some vacancy and there is no eligible
person to be promoted to that post, a person of another department having the required
eligibility may apply and be appointed to the vacant post by internal transfers.

Dying-in-harness scheme

The company appoints several persons by this scheme. If any employee dies before
retirement, then the company offers job for his children or any member of family
according to their qualification.

 Maintaining Service Records

The company’s human resource department is keeping service record of each employee
for further reference of promotion and transfer of the existing employees from the light
of frequent performance evaluation.
 23

 Promotion
Promotion is concerned with rewarding the capable employees by putting them in highest
positions, with more responsibility and higher pay. In case of promotion one-year
probation period will be provided. Usually promotion is based on Graduation Rank list.
In addition to this performance rating, attendance, qualification is also considered.
Advancement within an organisation is ordinarily labelled as promotion, which involves
a change from one job to another that is better in terms of status and responsibility.
Change to higher job is accompanied by increases in pay and privileges. For every chance
for promotion, three persons are considered. Basis for promotion in TTPL are attendance
service, performance, seniority, test/interview etc.

 Performance appraisal
Performance appraisal is a systematic evaluation of present potential capabilities of
personnel by their superiors. It is the process of estimating or judging value status of a
person. In TTPL separate appraisal is done for subordinate staff and management cadre.
In performance appraisal capacity, job knowledge, initiative, job attitude, human
relations, personnel character, attendance, punctuality, integrity etc. are measured. It is
conducted every six months.

The main objectives of performance appraisal are:

a) To provide systematic judgement to back up salary increments, transfers etc.
b) Means of telling the employees how he is doing or performing his work and
suggesting the needed changes in his behaviour.
c) It is used as a base for coaching and counselling the individual by his superior.

 Labour welfare

The very existence as well as the progress of a factory is largely dependent on the mental
satisfaction of its workforce. Aiming the satisfaction of the workforce, labor welfare
measures in various forms are introduced in Travancore Titanium Products. It provides a
vast number of welfare amenities to its employees for the promotion of better labor
management relationship.
 24

 Maintaining records – regarding leave

TTPL’s HR department is keeping the records of leave of the employee for the payment
of remuneration of each employee in the organisation.

 Industrial Relation
In TTPL, Trade Unions are recognized through a referendum. There were 9 Trade Unions
in TTPL, but in a referendum made by the company in 1996, all other unions except
Titanium Products Labour Union and Titanium General Labourers Union were
disqualified. Therefore, in 1998, all other unions merged into one to form a new trade
union called Titanium Employees Co-ordination Council. TTPL maintains an excellent
relationship with its employees and their Trade Unions. TTPL has 3 recognized trade
unions. They are:
a) Titanium Products Labour Union (TPLU) of INTUC

b) Titanium Government Labour Union (TGLU) of CITU

c) Titanium Employee Co-ordination Council (TECC) of AITUC

For recognition each union must have 20% or more support from among the employees.
They are meant for carrying out functions like:
a) To secure fair wages for workers.

b) To safeguard the jobs of the employee and to improve the conditions of the
organisation.

c) To improve rapport unities for promotion and transfer.

d) To improve working and living conditions of employees.

 Remuneration
TTPL gave fair remuneration to its employees in order to increase their morale thus by
increasing productivity. There are two types of pay scale present. One is for subordinate
service and other for officer service. HR department calculated the remuneration payable
to each employee from the details of their attendance and the payroll sheet transferred to
finance department.
 25

Retirement
Retirement means the situation when the employee being terminated service on reaching
a fixed age. The age of retirement of TTPL is 58 yrs. At the time of retirement, the
employee will be provided with Provident Fund, Gratuity etc.

Workers Participation
The further enhancement of industrial relation is done by encouraging workers and
increasing worker’s participation in management. For this purpose, TTPL has formed
various committees like Works Committee, Canteen Advisory Committee, Departmental
Promotion Committee, Medical Committee, Benevolent Fund Committee, Safety
Committee etc. In the works committee the members are selected by representatives of
workers and management. They meet once in a month.

2.4.6. TRAINING DEPARTMENT

Training is an inevitable part of an organisation for ensuring the workers and officers’
commitment towards their respective works. Training is provided to the workers for
increasing their skill and ability to perform specialized jobs.

Objectives of Training department

 Proper induction of new recruits into their job.

 To educate the employees regarding the procedure and responsibilities of their job.

 To faster the career development

 To bridge the communication gap between the workers and the management.

 To develops skills for a particular job.

 To motivate worker
 26

Every training programme has a well-defined specific objective. The different stages in
training are as follows.

a) Induction Programme

Induction programme is training with specific objectives. It aims at creating awareness to

the new comers about the organization and its products, different sections, rules and
regulations they have to follow etc.

b) Orientation

This is the second stage in training programme. After

induction programme is carried out, feedback is obtained after three months.
This is orientation.

The training department of TTPL mainly offers 4 main Training Programmes. They are:

 Induction Programmes or Vestibule Training.

This programme is designed to give them a general view of what the enterprises do, how
it is organized, what benefits it offers and what its general rules and regulations are.

 In-House Training Programme.

This programme is meant for all levels of employees and worked, aimed at creating an
awareness of the knowledge of fundamentals. It is mainly for improving employee's
attitude, motivation, co-ordination etc. under this programme and industrial tour was
conducted which was for 8 days.

 Outside-Training.

This programme is meant for particular category of employees or workers, conducted by

the Training Department under the authority of specialized expert from outside agency.
This is knowledge-based training. In this programme, an effort is made to expose
participants to concepts, theories, basic principles, pure and applied knowledge.
 27

 Unit Level Class

This programme is come under worker's education scheme. In this programme, education
is given to the workers in order to create social awareness in turn. Education is given to
workers in areas like their working environment, democracy etc.

2.4.7. ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

One of the major departments in TTPL is the Engineering Department, which is headed
by Chief Engineer. The Engineering Department is responsible for the installation of all
factory structures, Plants, equipment and their proper maintenance and upkeep as well as
optimum production of titanium dioxide. The Department has four sections each headed
by Deputy Chief Engineers under the authority of Chief Engineer. The Chief Engineer
co-ordinate the overall activities of all sections. TTPL has a well efficient Engineering
Department

The Engineering department performs various functions very smoothly. It has co-
ordination will other departments also.

The Objectives of the Engineering Department includes.

 Preparation of plants.
 Preparation of technical specifications and assist the Commercial Department in
technical scrutiny of offers and arranging purchase and stock of materials.
 To advice the Management to take decision on all Engineering matters.
 To arrange planning of engineering equipment and stores materials required for the
factory.
 Ensuring proper upkeep maintenance and installation of estate.
 To keep liaison with Government Departments like KSEB, Electrical Inspectorate,
Factories and Boilers Inspectorate etc. for ensuring maximum co-operation and
assistance from these departments for maintaining all engineering related activities.
 Planning, arranging and initiating preventive maintenance programmers and repair
of equipment and installations in the factory including vehicles.
 28

 Preserve the working life of plants.

The Engineering Department in TTPL has four major subdivisions namely Mechanical,
Electrical, Instrumentation and Civil Sections. A brief description about each section is
as follows.

a) Mechanical section

Another section of Engineering Department is the Mechanical section, which is headed

by three Deputy Chief Engineers. This section includes areas like Workshop and Plant
Technical Services, Titanium dioxide plant and Vehicles, SAP, Boiler & Utilities.
Functions of mechanical section includes maintenance of equipment, machines etc. Plant
Technical Service (PTS) carried out statutory work of company.

 Repair
 Maintenance of Mechanical devices and equipment.
 Maintenance of spare parts.
 Installations and running of the related devices.

b) Electrical section

One of the major sections of the Engineering Department is Electrical Section-which is

headed by Deputy Chief Engineer. This section under- takes the activities of maintaining
sub-stations of 60/11 KV and 11/440KV power demand of the factory. The main function
of this department is the electrical maintenance of plant and organization. The
maintenance of different types of electrical equipment like switchgears, motor control
centre, power control centre etc. The areas like white section and black section of plant,
Generator substations and Sulphuric Acid Plant comes under this section. The electrical
section has well equipped workshop, which undertakes electrical works of the company.
The major functions include.

 Maintenance work of electrical equipment

 Inspection of electrical items.
 Undertaking electricity related works.
 29

c) Instrumentation section

Instrumentation department enhances maintenance of instruments, modification of works

etc. The areas like titanium dioxide plant, shift, acid plant, lab instruments, weigh bridge,
Attendance Management System are also come under this section. The section enhances
Titanium Plant service maintenance as well as that of acid plant. The function of this
section includes process parameters are done by this section. Daily charts and monthly
charges are present. This section conducts service contracts for checking weighing bridge.
This section also deals with punching system repair. TTPL has electronic punching
machines, which was filled by KELTORN. Attendance Management system is also
another function of this section.

d) Civil section

The civil section is one of the major sections of Engineering department. There are 16
labours present in the section, which includes officers. They mainly undertake Plant
maintenance work. The section has co-ordination with stores and Commercial
Department. The main activity of civil section is construction and extension of building
and also the maintenance of carpentry works, plumbing works etc. There is a separate
drawing branch for drawing the outline of new projects in Civil Section.

2.4.8. LEGAL DEPARTMENT

Legal department is to render legal opinion / advice on matters referred from various other
departments of the company on subjects varying from recruitment and service to matters
related to contract and commercial transactions. The Chief Manager heads the TTPL’s
legal department. This department is responsible for representing the company in legal
matters.

Objectives of Legal department

 Prevention and settlement of industrial dispute.

 Represent the company in the Court of Law.
 File cases against external parties
 30

Functions of Legal Department

The Department is to render Legal opinion/advice on matters referred from various other
Departments of the company on subjects varying from recruitment and service matters to
contract and commercial transactions.

 Recruitment
To the various categories of posts in Managerial Cadre and Subordinate Service,
recruitments effected through PSC/Employment Exchange or by direct notification, and
under Dying-in-Harness scheme.

With regard to direct recruitment Legal opinion is often called for as to

qualifications/eligibility of the candidates or acceptability of applications.

In appointments under Dying-in-Harness scheme, producing of various certificates

evidencing Death of the employee, right of the claimant(s) for Death-cum-Retirement
benefits and qualifications/eligibility of the applicant for the job, the post to which the
candidate is to be appointed etc., may require legal vetting and verification.

 Service Matters
Service matters ranging from eligibility of the candidates for promotion to a particular
post, deciding the merit, up-gradation (in lieu of promotion), increments/anomaly etc may
call for legal advice/opinion.

 Conduct of Cases
A dispute of difference between the parties in any of the above matters such as
recruitment/service matters, contract may lead to litigation at various venues such as
Industrial Tribunal/Labour Court, various Civil Courts, and High Courts of Departmental
authorities such as Sales Tax/Transport Commissioner/Tribunals (Central Excise
Commission/Collector (Appeals), Central Excise & Gold Control Appellate Tribunal
(CEGAT). In case of purchase/contract disputes are also referred to Arbitration.

In these cases, the Standing Counsels at Ernakulam and Trivandrum appear in Courts for
the company. All the necessary information and documents required in the cases for
 31

filling/presenting in Court have to be obtained from the concerned Departments and

transmitted to the Standing Counsels. Where the Judgment/Award of the Court or
Authority contains any direction to the Company the Department has to pursue action for
compliance with such direction stipulated in the judicial pronouncements.

 Disciplinary Proceedings
Being an establishment employing above 1200 employees (Managerial and Subordinate
Service), naturally questions of discipline may come up most often. Having got the
certified Standing Order, and the misconducts well define therein, any act affecting
discipline cannot but be taken cognizance of. Disciplinary proceedings start with issuance
of charge sheet with details of the alleged misconduct and calling for the delinquent’s
explanation which is not found satisfactory, domestic enquiry is ordered: this involves
posting of the Enquiry officer and Presenting Officer, culminating in the Enquiry Report
of the Enquiry officer and award of punishment, if found guilty, based on the Enquiry
Report.

At any of these stages legal opinion/advice may be sought so as to ensure that the
Management’s action is legally sound, as also to ensure that the delinquent is accorded
reasonable opportunity to present/defend his case and natural justice meted out to him. In
addition to these duties with regard to disciplinary proceedings in general, officers in the
Department are posted as Enquiry/Presenting Officer in which case they have to play the
role of the judge or prosecutor respectively.

 Commercial Transactions
In the course of business, the Company has to enter into agreements/contracts with
various suppliers, customers and contractors for supply of material, servicing of
equipment supplied, executing of contract works etc. throughout the country and even
abroad at times. Documents embodying these contracts have to be
drafted/approved/vetted by this Department.

In case of delay or default in supply or execution of work as per contract also, this
department shall have to intervene at various stages by way of issue of show cause notice,
termination of control, blacklisting of the party etc.
 32

 Financial Matters
Mainly the financial matters referred for legal opinion relate to levy of charges such as
Excise duty/MODVAT claims, Sales Tax etc., on material purchased/sold by the
company.

There being a bulk of statues in the country governing industry/labour in addition to the
ordinary enactments on civil matters, a legal issue may spring up in anything related to
the Company any time, warranting involvement of Legal Department.

2.4.9. SAFETY DEPARTMENT

Safety can be defined as a positive, organized activity or program based on knowledge of

the reaction between man and his working environment, which aids business enterprise
by minimizing human and economic and sociological losses caused by injuries, healt h
impairment, fires, explosions and other occupational accidents. TTPL has a safety
department in order to ensure the safety needs of its employees. According to Factories
Act, every company employing more than five hundred workers should have a welfare
and security officer. The safety department which is handled by a safety manager is
considered to be vigilant in every aspect of production. Primary job of safety manager
involves teaching supervisors, assisting them in their responsibility for ensuring safety in
operation.

The main Objectives of the department include

 To give instructions to work force about safe working methods & conditions.
 To detect and prevent work related accidents.
 To control accidents and losses.
 To advise and assist the factory management for fulfilment of its statutory obligation.
 Monitoring the potential health and safety problems and carrying safety inspections.
 33

Table 2.3.- Personal protective equipment provided by TTPL

Helmet For head

Goggles For eyes

Mask For face

Respiratory Apparatus For Breathing

Gloves For Hand

Apron For Body

Sale Shoe For Foot

Functions of Safety Department

 To provide the preventive action against accidents.

 To create Safety Awareness.
 Safety Training.
 To direct unsafe conditions and actions in the working premises and report it to top
management.
 To control the losses and accidents that occurred within the company.
 Give medical and other type of assistance in accidents.
 To provide preventive action, which includes plant safety inspection, safety audit,
and periodic training program for accident prevention.
 To create safety awareness among the employees.
 To conduct investigation about the accidents that occurred.
 To analysis the accidents occurred in a year and calculated.
 34

2.4.10. MEDICAL DEPARTMENT

In TTPL there is a Medical section. Even though it comes under the authority of Human
resource department, it is functioning independently for providing better medical service
to the employees.

The head of the section is a Medical Officer. Under him, there is one male nurse and four
nursing assistants. The working hour of this department is 24 hours and 365 days in a
year. The Medical Officer and male nurse were working on general shift i.e. from 9 am
to 5 pm. The ambulance and driver is present for 24 hrs service. Doctors are appointed
by the company. When an accident occurs within the factory premises, first aid is
provided and if found serious the victim is taken to the nearby hospital. The employees
working in areas hazardous to their health are subjected to annual bio-toxological
examination at Occupation Health Service Centre. Periodical medical check-up for
employees in canteen, led burning, packing shed, acid plant and welding section are
conducted. Ophthalmic check-up for the employees was organized in collaboration with
ophthalmic outpatient unit of General Hospital, Thiruvananthapuram. Supplementary
vitamin foods were being given to these employees. The medical allowance given to the
employees is 14% of the amount of sum of basic pay and DA, which is paid once in 3
months.

2.4.11. PROJECT DEPARTMENT

The project department in TTP, which is headed by Chief Project Manager carry out the
projects for the company. They also dealt with plant modification and expansion. Under
the authority of Chief Project manager, three wings are present namely civil, mechanical
and project wing. The project department undertakes type of works like:

Plant Modification and Expansion

Plant modification and expansion is very important concerned with the company.
Company gives prime importance to the modification of the plant. Project department is
 35

concerned with this duty.

New Projects
Company undertakes several new projects. Pollution is the main problem faced by the
company. So company needs a project for pollution controlling. So this project
department undertakes a new project of Effluent Treatment Plant worth Rs.412 Crores
for pollution controlling. In this project 3 plants are intended namely, Acid recovery plant,
Copperas recovery plant and Neutralization plant. The amount estimated to complete the
first phase of this project is 129 crores, out of which 82 crores were expended by the
company.

2.4.12. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT

This is a new department specially created for carrying out the project works successfully.
The project department in TTPL, which is headed by Chief Project Manager to carry out
the projects for the company. They also dealt with plant modification and expansion.
Under the authority of Chief Project manager, three wings are present namely civil,
mechanical and project wing

Research is an ongoing process. For the development of any organization, research is a

prime factor. So in any reputed organization, there is a special wing for research and
development. TTPL also has a well-equipped and efficient R & D department concerned
with quality control and pollution monitoring, Technical services, Research and pilot
plant respectively. The department was concerned with the research or study of new
processes or techniques for the company. By the findings of these departments, the
company was able to find long-term solution to certain problems of process and quality.

The R & D Manager is responsible for guiding, directing, initiating and executing all the
jobs in the department. The ISI analysis of the products and raw materials also came under
the department. Research and development activities are concerned with raw material
substitutions, usage norms, surface coating, development of titanium based products,
pollution control, effluent control advice on stage wise inspection and follow-up of
titanium dioxide production particularly Rutile grade. TTPL gave prior importance to the
quality of product. Their product was well known for its quality.
 36

The main objectives of R & D department are:

 Render in process, stage wise testing and trouble-shooting service acting as a

necessary adjunct to production.
 Undertake development projects both for process and product improvement and
diversification to help General Manager and advice management on new process,
products and projects.
 Identifying the changing needs of customers through regular interactions.
 Maintaining quality at incoming in process and final product stages.
 Implementing and maintaining a quality management system.

The department has also some functions like:

 Studying the variance.

 Finding the process parameters like electricity revelation per minute (rpm).
 To improve the quality as well as quantity of products.
 Monitoring the plant performance.
 Monitoring the pollution.
 Maintaining quality at all stages of products.
 Providing service to customers.
 Taking samples at various stages starting from raw material till the product.
 Analyzing the samples, finding the variance in production.

Research & development Department Includes 5 divisions Namely;

 Research and pilot plant

The pilot plant produces special grade of Titanium dioxide, sodium titanate and potassium
titanate that are used in welding electrodes as flux.

 Process Quality Control

It is responsible for analysis of raw material, finished products and samples from different
products process stages etc.
 37

 Technical services

It is responsible for providing service to customers. They analysis the final packed
product for ISI grading and allow the same for the customers looking in for specific
requirement and attends to customer’s queries and complaints.

 Pollution Monitoring

It carries out analysis of liquid effluent and stack emissions and reports the result to the
State Pollution Control Board. The Research group is responsible for optimizing
products, quality and process specification, development of titanium based product on a
bench scale and further on a pilot plant scale.

 Library

TTPL has two Libraries, namely Technical Library and Titanium Recreation Club Library
(TRC library), which comes under the R& D department. Technical library has books of
all subjects, which is under management control. TRC library has daily newspapers and
magazines, which is under a committee Chairman is a Management nominee. There are
7 members in the committee.

2.4.13. SECURITY AND VIGILANCE DEPARTMENT

The company’s security department is headed by Security Superintendent and Vigilance

officer. It is the responsibility of security department to protect employees, materials,
machineries, buildings and protect during fire, theft and other problems. As the security
is 24 hrs, in every shift, the security group is headed by head security guard.

Duties

 To carry out standing orders properly.

 To ensure that the rules and laws of the company are obeyed.
 38

Functions

 To protect the personnel and property of the organisation against theft and pilferage.
 To check all incoming and outgoing goods and vehicles.
 To assist the management in case of strikes and labour unrest.
 To bring irregularities to the notice of the management and suggesting remedial
measures.
 All the movements of the employees and outsiders through the main gate shall be
recorded in the relevant registers.
 The main gate will be locked at all times and will open only to permit the movement
only under the scheduled timings or under authorized documents.
 Should be very careful towards fire prevention and workmen is not allowed to smoke
inside the factory premises.
 At the close of the working time, inspect the windows and ventilators and ensure
that all fans, lights, water taps, etc. are switched off except the security lights.

The points of security in Travancore Titanium Products Limited

 Main gate
 Inner gate
 Workshop
 Main office (Reception)
 Time office
 Power loading
 Cash section (when needed)
 General stores and Canteen area.
 39

2.5. SWOC ANALYSIS

TTPL is a major company, which is a Public Sector undertaking under Government of

Kerala. The company is in the face of extension now. The TTPL has strength as well as
weakness. It also has opportunity and threats.

Strengths

 TTPL is a Public Sector Undertaking (PSU) under the Government of Kerala. This
results in multiple advantages like job security, good employee benefits, better aid
to community etc.
 Develop value added products like Plaster of Paris, Iron Oxide pigments, Sodium
Sulphate etc. from the effluent. The company follows the principle of sustainability
stringently and follows measures to ensure that pollution is minimized.
 Develop new products like TO2 and market value added products like Iron Oxides,
Plaster of Paris, Sodium Sulphate, Inorganic Colours, Pearl Pigment, Catalytic TiO2
and Lithium Titanate etc. from Titanium Dioxide.
 ISO 9001:2015 certification of TTPL. This certification symbolises increased
efficiency, revenue, employee morale, supplier relationship and customer
satisfaction
 Exploit brand image and penetrate market with new products thus amassing loyal
customers like Asian Paints, Berger Paints etc. They also develop market with good
quality pigments to capitalize ever growing demand.

Weakness

 The presence of labour unions result in excess staff which is a difficult issue to tackle
as any and all measure taken to ‘lay off’ the unnecessary staff are met with rebellions
and strikes.
 Production cost is high which ultimately leads to the price of the product being high.
This adversely affects sales.
 There exists a lack of technological up gradation. No proper management
information system is available in the organization leading to delay and sometimes
 40

errors in decision making.

 The employees in the organization are met with political interference in the day to
day management. All major policy decisions are taken by State Government which
also add on to delay in decision making.
 No matter how sustainable the organization aims to be it is extremely hard to please
the locals. Even the slightest hint of water pollution is met with strikes from the local
people.

Opportunities

 There remains a huge scope for utilization of plant's production capacity. One of the
various means to do so is by maximizing utilization of workforce efficiency. Yet
another method is to adopt new machineries and technologies to improve efficiency
 There is an increasing demand of Titanium dioxide globally. According to Facts and
Factors, the global titanium dioxide market is expected to increase at a compound
annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.6% during the projection period between 2022 and
2028. The valuation for the titanium dioxide market was USD 18.8 billion in 2021
and it is expected to cross USD 27.2 billion, by 2028. The report also explores
various factors and their implications on the titanium dioxide market’s growth.
 The exists an opportunity for maximum exploitation of export-market. As per
Volza’s India Export data, Titanium dioxide export shipments from India stood
at 10.2K, exported by 887 India Exporters to 1,554 Buyers. India exports most of
its Titanium dioxide to United States, Bangladesh and Nepal and is the 2nd largest
exporter of Titanium dioxide in the World.
 The company has a good opportunity to sell sulphuric acid. Without sulphur in the
form of , industries would struggle to produce the phosphorus fertilisers that raise
farm yields or extract the essential metals used in everything from solar panels to
electric car batteries. The world already uses over 246 million tonnes of sulphuric
acid annually. Rapid growth in the green economy and intensive agriculture could
see demand rise to over 400 million tonnes by 2040.
 41

Threats

 The inability to completely curb the pollution problems has resulted in the
surrounding community being on pins and needles. There is always a friction
between them and the organization. This means that the chances of a major issue
happening are extremely high. Such issues can lead to negative reputation for the
organization.
 Threat from local competitors like Kilburn and KMML makes it harder to harness
and attract new customers from the market.
 Threat from importers like China and Malaysia further affects the business as the
products from these places tend to be of lower cost due to cheap labour.
 Reduced price of competitors is yet again another threat. This is especially so in the
case of private organizations as a lower prize demand by customers can be met
immediately by them. But being a public sector organization, such decision can only
be made after multiple procedures leading to extreme lags and inevitably loss of
those customers.

2.6. ORGANIZATION POLICIES

 Quality policy of TTP

To achieve customer satisfaction through continuous improvement of processes,
products, and human resource and by providing effective customer service.

 Significant Accounting Policies

Every organization has its own accounting policies. TTP has also has its own accounting
policies. They are as follows:

Fixed Assets
Fixed Assets are started at cost of acquisition or construction less depreciation. All costs
relating to the acquisition and installation of fixed assets are capitalized. Assets and
liability are consistently being recorded at historical costs to the company and therefore
they are not adjusted to reflect the change in value in the purchasing power of money.
 42

Investment
All investment is valued at cost.

Inventories
 Raw materials, materials in process and stores and spares are valued at the cost on
weighted average method.

 Finished goods – Titanium dioxide is valued at cost or net realizable value whichever
is lower. Excise duty which is payable at the time of removal of goods is not included
in the valuation of finished goods.

 Goods in transit are valued at cost.

Sales
Sales are exclusive for excise duty and sales tax.

Depreciation
Depreciation on fixed assets has been provided as per the rates prescribed in schedules
XIV of the company’s Act of 1956. Under written down value method depreciation on
additions and deletions of fixed assets is calculated.

Retirement Benefits
Gratuity liability is provided based on the company rules prevailing from time to time.
The gratuity fund created to the company has been approved by the income tax
authorities. The net asset enables the fund to fully discharge the company’s obligation in
respect of gratuity, payment to the employees etc. The liability to pay leave encashment
accrues only when the employees can encash unavailed leave during their period of
service till the employee exercise his rights. Hence it is not quantifiable and is accounted
on cash basis.

Scraps
Accounting of scrap is done at the time of sale.
 43

Salary
The employees get their salary/wages on the last, but one day before of each month.
Salary/wages is given on monthly basis. It is paid through bank/cash. Before the payment
of salary every employee will receive his pay slip.

Allowance
Some allowances are paid to the employees to compensate without changing the basic
pay structure. DA is paid to cover the increased cost of living. When housing
accommodation is not provided, house rent allowance on suitable BP structure will be
paid. In TTP there are different pattern of DA and HRA. They are applicable to each
employee in the organization. House Rent Allowance is given to employees and it is
provided as 10% of Basic Pay, today.

Accounting policies
The financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention on accrual basis
and in accordance with the mandatory accounting standards issued by the ICA and
relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956.

 Policy against discrimination

No form of discriminations is engaged in, or supported by the company in hiring,

employment terms, remuneration and access to training promotion, termination
procedures or decisions.

 Payment and wages policy

Employees understand their employment conditions and fair and reasonable pay and
terms are provided. Minimum wages to be paid to the workers according to applicable
laws.

 Freedom of Association policy

Open communication and direct engagement between employees and management are
the most effective ways to build employee relations and resolve issue.

The rights of employees to join trade union or similar representative bodies and their right
to collective bargaining in accordance with local laws which are respected.
 44

 Environment policy

Relevant legislation and international standards for mapping environment impacts are
complied with. In absence of relevant legislations, responsible practises for managing
environmental impacts are in place.

Processes are in place to actively optimize the use of infinite resources (such as energy,
water, raw materials) and appropriate management, operational and technical control are
in place to minimize the release of harmful emission to the environment.

Appropriate measures are in place to improve the environmental performance of products

and services when in use by the end user. Innovative developments in products and/or
services that offer environmental and social benefits are supported.

 Health and Safety policy

A healthy and safe working environment is provided for employees, contractors, partners
or others who may be affected by our company activities in accordance with international
standards and national laws.

Mechanisms are in place to ensure that health and safety obligations are communicated
an applied to parties under their control. Product and services delivery meets general
principles of health, safety and risk prevention. Mechanisms are developed and
implemented to ensure that all employees are competent to carry out health and safety
aspects of their responsibilities and duties.

Facilities and amenities including accommodation provided by the company shall be

hygienic, safe and meet the basic needs of the employees.

The company has a system to prepare for and respond to accidents, health problems and
foreseeable emergency situations.

 Free employment policy

Forced, bonded or compulsory labour is not used an employees are free to leave their
employment after reasonable notice. Employees are not required to lodge deposits of
money or identity papers with their employer.
 45

 Human rights policy

TTPL respects the dignity of associates in workplace and are accountable to ensure the
rights to personal security, a safe, clean and healthy workplace and freedom from
harassment or abuse of any kind.

The organization deals fairly and honestly with associates regarding wages, benefits
and other conditions of employment, and recognize the associates’ right to freedom of
association.

2.7. COMPETITOR ANALYSIS

2.7.1. KILBURN CHEMICALS

Kilburn Chemicals Ltd (KCL) is a leading producer and exporter of Anatase Grade
Titanium Dioxide in India. It produces Titanium Dioxide by the Sulphate route. KCL also
manufactures and exports the by-product Ferrous Sulphate. KCL has commenced
operations in November 1994. They are located in Kolkata, West Bengal.

The Key Managerial Personnel (KMP) at Kilburn Chemicals Limited India are
Jayesh Ravajibhai Patel as Company Secretary, Darshan Anandbhai Patel as CEO
(Kmp) and Gurjant Singh Chahal as CFO (Kmp). Jayantilal Meghjibhai Patel,
Ashishbhai Natawarlal Soparkar, Natwarlal Meghjibhai Patel and 2 other members
as presently associated as directors.

2.7.2. ISIHARA SANGYO KAISHA

Founded in 1920, Ishihara Sangyo Kaisha Ltd is a Japanese chemical company. Its
product lines include titanium dioxides, agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, organic
intermediates and acids. It has a capital of 43 billion yen (as of March 31, 2018), and it's
listed on the First Section of Tokyo Stock Exchanges.
 46

As a leading manufacturing and marketing company of agricultural chemicals in Japan,

ISK has developed and supplied a wide range of new agrochemicals that play a vital role
in globally cultivating in paddy rice as well as other major crops. The new agrochemicals
it is developing, producing, and selling worldwide are indispensable for production of
major agricultural products such as soybeans, corn, potatoes, grapes, fruits and
vegetables.

2.7.3. KMML

Kerala Minerals and Metals Ltd is an integrated titanium dioxide manufacturing public
sector undertaking in Kollam, Kerala, India. Its operations comprise mining, mineral
separation, synthetic rutile and pigment-production plants. Apart from producing rutile-
grade titanium dioxide pigment for various types of industries, it also produces other
products like ilmenite, rutile, zircon, sillimanite, synthetic rutile etc. It is one of the best
performing Public Sector Units in India.

The company manufactures titanium dioxide through the chloride route. The different
grades are produced by KMML under the brand name KEMOX.

2.7.4. V V TITANIUM PRIVATE LIMITED

VVTi Pigments is a leading producer and exporter of Anatase Grade Titanium

Dioxide in India. It produces Titanium Dioxide by the Sulphate route. VVTi
manufactures and exports the by-product Ferrous Sulphate. VVTi's manufacturing
plant is based at the Sipcot Industrial Complex in Tuticorin in the South Indian
State of Tamil Nadu. VVTi has commenced operations in November 1994.

VVTi exports a sizeable quantity of its Titanium Dioxide and Ferrous Sulphate to
various countries including Germany, Spain, Malaysia, Thailand, Dubai, USA etc.
 47

Table 2.4.- Comparison of price and quality of competitors

Competitor Type of Price compared to Quality compared
competitor TTPL to TTPL
Kilburn Chemicals Direct

Ishihara Sangyo Direct

Kaisha
KMML Indirect

V V Titanium Indirect
Pigments
 CHAPTER 3
POSITIONING OF THE INTERN
 49

3.1. DEPARTMENT ALLOTTED TO THE INTERN

Internship at TTPL comes under the privy of HR department. The HR department of the
organization supervises each and every matter regarding the same. They also provide all
necessary assistance required by the interns.

Due to the immense number of employees and workers in the organization, the HR
department of TTPL tends to be one of the most complex as well hectic departments
amongst all. The most crucial duties of every organisation are those related to managing
its people resources. Therefore, setting up a distinct department for the management of
human resources is crucial for any firm. In order to maintain good industrial relations,
boost employee morale, and increase productivity, the HR Department is in charge of the
company's personnel functions.

3.2. DEPARTMENT STRUCTURE

CHIEF MANAGER

MANAGER

DEPUTY MANAGERS

ASSISTANT
MANAGERS

SECTION OFFICERS

Fig. 3.1.- Structure of HR Department, TTPL

 50

3.3. DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES ASSIGNED

 To conduct an overall organization study.

 Update our internal databases with new employee information, including contact
details and employment forms.
 Gather payroll data like leaves, working hours and bank accounts.
 Prepare and submit daily verbal reports of learnings.
 Address employee queries about benefits (like number of remaining vacation days).
 Participate in organizing company events and careers days.

3.4. BRIEF DETAIL ABOUT INTERNSHIP

The internship at Travancore Titanium Products Ltd started on 18 th July, 2022 and lasted
till 31st August, 2022. There was an induction programme for the new interns on the first
day. This was followed by a one- one session with our internship guide and HR manager-
Mrs. Beena T. Since the HR department happened to be quite busy majority of the time,
the interns were also asked to report to Mr. Rajesh Kumar M, Senior Superintendent, HR
Department, TTPL. The major focus of the internship was to visit each and every
department, collect information, evaluate and study the information gathered in order to
better understand how an organization functions as a whole. In addition, since TTPL is a
manufacturing plant, the interns were also tasked with visiting all the three plants to better
analyse the organization and functions.
 CHAPTER 4
INTERNSHIP OVERVIEW
 52

4.1. WEEKLY ACTIVITY REPORT

Table 4.1.- Activity report of week 1 (18/07/22 to 22/07/22)

Date & Time Tasks assigned Tasks Observations

Day completed
Joining Completed
Monday 09:00 am formalities and joining Got an overview about the
18/07/22 to meeting with the formalities organization.
12:30 pm HR manager. and attended
the meeting
Asked to review
the previous Completed Achieved an overview about
Tuesday 09:00 am existing reviewing the how to conduct an
19/07/22 to internships and reports organizational study
12:30 pm project reports

09:00 am Assigned to visit Visited the Understood the working and

Wednesday to the Titanium Titanium procedures involved in
20/07/22 12:30 pm Dioxide Plant Dioxide producing Titanium Dioxide
Plant from Ilmenite.
Visited the Understood the working and
Thursday 09:00 am Assigned to visit Sulphuric procedures involved in
21/07/22 to the Sulphuric Acid producing H2SO4 from SO3
12:30 pm Acid Plant Plant
Assigned to visit Understood the working and
Friday 09:00 am the Visited the procedures involved in
22/07/22 to Neutralization Neutralization neutralizing the waste
12:30 pm Plant Plant products from the plants.
 53

Table 4.2.- Activity report of week 2 (25/07/22 to 29/07/22)

Date & Time Tasks Tasks Observations

Day assigned completed
Understood the The department has 20 internal
various staffs as well as various other
Monday 09:00 am Visited HR undertakings of sub branches like the
25/07/22 to department. the department 'Attendance Management Cell'
12:30 pm as well as its and 'Occupation Health
strength. Center'.
Figure out Sat down with The various means include
Tuesday 09:00 am the various the HR manager direct recruitment (PSC
26/07/22 to means of and discussed examination), via govt. board,
12:30 pm recruitment the same. dying harness and govt.
and selection direction.
in the
organization.
To analyze
the other
Wednesday 09:00 am roles and Completed the Observed the means of
27/07/22 to functions analysis. training, rewards, employee
12:30 pm undertaken benefits and performance
by the management.
department.
Thursday Holiday - - -

28/07/22
Understood the major legal
Friday 09:00 am Assigned to Visited the issues faced by TTPL, means
29/07/22 to vsit the legal department and of preferred settlement as well
12:30 pm department. conversed with as the internal legal issues
the deputy raised by the employers.
manager.
 54

Table 4.3.- Activity report of week 3 (01/08/22 to 05/08/22)

Date & Time Tasks assigned Tasks Observations

Day completed
Understood the
Monday 09:00 am Visited various The department has an
01/08/22 to Occupational undertakings Allopath, Ayurveda doctor,
12:30 pm Health Center. of the 1 staff nurse and 2 assistant
department as nurses.
well as its
strength.
Tuesday Holiday - - -
02/08/22
The patients mainly suffer
Wednesday 09:00 am To analyze the Completed the from joint and inflammatory
03/08/22 to patients and analysis. pains. The department also
12:30 pm figure out the offer post Covid immunity
major illness. boosting medicines.
Sat down with
Thursday 9:30 am Visit and the manager The marketing department
04/08/22 to analyze the and understood of TTPL was only formed in
12:30 pm marketing the history and 2003.
department formation of
the department
09:00 am Assigned to Collected the Understood the strength,
Friday to conduct a information for weakness, opportunities and
05/08/22 12:30 pm SWOT analysis. the analysis threats faced by the
department.
 55

Table 4.4.- Activity report of week 4 (08/08/22 to 12/08/22)

Date & Day Time Tasks assigned Tasks completed Observations

To visit the Completed the Understood
Monday 09:00 am to commercial visit and the working of
08/08/22 12:30 pm department and interviewed the the 'local
understand its manager. purchasing
roles. section'.
Tuesday Holiday - - -
09/08/22
To visit the Completed the Understood
commercial visit and the
Wednesday 09:00 am to department and interviewed the functioning of
10/08/22 12:30 pm understand its manager. the 'working
roles. order section'.

Understood
To visit the Completed the the working of
Thursday 09:00 am to commercial visit and the 'raw
11/08/22 12:30 pm department and interviewed the materials
understand its manager. purchasing
roles. section'.
Assigned to Understood
visit the 'Safety Visited and the different
Friday 09:00 am to and analyzed the types of
12/08/22 12:30 pm Environment department. systems
department'. available.
 56

Table 4.5.- Activity report of week 5 (15/08/22 to 19/08/22)

Date & Day Time Tasks assigned Tasks completed Observations

Monday Holiday
15/08/22 - - -
Tuesday Applied for
16/08/22 leave - - -
Completed the
Wednesday 09:00 am to To visit the visit and Understood
17/08/22 12:30 pm R&D communicated the objectives
Department with the Chief and KRAs.
manager.
To compare and Understood
Thursday 09:00 am to analyze the Read through the the financial
18/08/22 12:30 pm audit reports audit reports status of the
available organization
Understood
To compare and Collected the financial
Friday 09:00 am to analyze the information on status of the
19/08/22 12:30 pm audit reports the balance sheet, organization
available P&L account and
the cash flow
statement
 57

Table 4.6.- Activity report of week 6 (22/08/22 to 26/08/22)

Date & Time Tasks assigned Tasks completed Observations

Day
Tasked to collect Completed the task Understood the non-
Monday 09:00 am information about after conversing statutory welfare
22/08/22 to the welfare with the welfare measures offered by
12:30 pm measures offered assistant of the the organization
by the organization organization.
Asked to prepare a Compiled relevant Learned about
Tuesday 09:00 am small report on the information and sections from
23/08/22 to statutory welfare completed the Factories Act,
12:30 pm measures that an report Minimum Wages
organization has to Act as well as the
offer. Industry Disputes
Act.
To understand the Completed the visit Understood the roles
Wednesday 09:00 am roles and functions and interviewed the of the department as
24/08/22 to of the project manager. well as one major
12:30 pm department assignment.
To sit through a Sat through the Understood what a
Thursday 09:00 am training session entire session and training session
25/08/22 to offered to new prepared notes offered by the
12:30 pm apprentices and organization curtails
understand the to.
major points
To visit the Visited and Understood the
Friday 9:00 am security and analyzed the different security
26/08/22 to vigilance department. measures taken up
12:30 pm department by the organization
 58

Table 4.7.- Activity report of week 7 (29/08/22 to 02/09/22)

Date & Day Time Tasks assigned Tasks completed Observations

Recollected
Monday 09:00 am to To prepare the Prepared the first and compiled
29/08/22 12:30 pm internship draft of internship the
report. report information
collected
throughout the
period of
internship
To submit the Got the report
Tuesday 09:00 am to prepared report signed off by the -
30/08/22 12:30 pm for corrections finance and HR
department.
Applied the
Wednesday 09:00 am to request for Received the
31/08/22 12:30 pm internship certificate -
certificate
Thursday 09:00 am to
01/09/22 12:30 pm
Friday 09:00 am to
02/09/22 12:30 pm
 59

4.2. CONTRIBUTION OF THE INTERN

 Took the initiative in helping the HR department conduct various training

programmes and visits of the plant. New plant workers are given training upon
joining the organization and it is the duty of HR department to conduct the same.
TTPL also collaborates with the nearest Fire Station due to its handling of dangerous
chemicals like sulphuric acid. Newly appointed firemen are brought to the
organization for a visit and training to tackle any emergencies that may arise.
 Made a tentative report about various measures that can be taken to calm down the
surrounding community and assure them of pollution control. Approaching the
people by initiating interactive sessions that included the cleaning staff of TTPL who
are all native to the region was deemed to be a good yet simple solution. The report
was met with appreciation by the higher- ups of the HR department.
 Was tasked with aiding the workers with explanation during plant visits to interns
from outside Kerala. TTPL is a much sought after organization for undertaking
internships by students from various fields. Some of those students hailed from
places like Coimbatore and Chennai and did not share the same mother tongue as
the plant workers. The task was to translate the explanations from Malayalam to
English for these interns.

4.3. LEARNINGS FROM THE INTERNSHIP

4.3.1. OVERALL KNOWLEDGE GAINED FROM THE INTERNSHIP

 Gained first- hand knowledge about how an organization functions, the holistic
approach required to make it efficient and the vital roles played by each and every
department towards the same.
 Acquired detailed information about the Titanium Dioxide market and measures on
how to stand firm in a market wherein there exists giants like Chemours, Cristal as
well as Tronox.
 Comprehended how to actually conduct a SWOC analysis in the practical field.
 60

 Learned about the differences between various global customers and how to cater
marketing approaches for each of them separately. An example is the case of
Japanese companies that take as long as 2-3 years and periodic samples of the
product to finalize their buying decision.

4.3.2. ANALYSIS OF OBJECTIVES AND ACHIEVEMENTS

Table 4.8.- Objectives V. Achievements of the internship

OBJECTIVES ACHIEVEMENTS
 Understood the functioning of
each individual department.
To conduct an organizational study of  Learned about the production
Travancore Titanium Products Limited. process through plant visit.
 Prepared a detailed report about
the same.
 Learned about the marketing
challenges faced by TTPL.
To conduct a SWOC analysis of the  Analysed the advantages and
organization. disadvantages of a public sector
company.
 Understood the importance of CSR
 Gained a detailed insight about
Titanium Dioxide Industry.
To conduct a competitor analysis for the  Learned about various measures
organization. that can be taken to tackle
competition.
 Was able to work under the HR
To gain real life experience of the department and handle various
corporate world. tasks.
 Improved skills and knowledge.
 61

4.3.3. PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF LEARNINGS

 Partaking in an internship gives a real-life exposure and improves knowledge. The

first-hand experience in the real working world aids in understanding the career
trajectory for desired job title.
 Meeting professionals of various fields and watching them work helped in
understanding how to work with different people and in various work environments.
 Learned various strategies and how to reinvent them in order to cater for different
circumstances.
 The insights from working in the HR department helps in better and efficient
peoples’ management.
 The competitor analysis and teachings of the marketing department gives a better
perception of how to improve upon unique selling proposition of the product,
establish a benchmark as well as recognize potential threats.
 Conducting a SWOC analysis helped in fine-tuning observatory and analytical skills.
CHAPTER 5
CONCLUSION
 63

The Travancore Titanium Products Limited is one of the pioneering units engaged in the
manufacturing of anatase grade titanium Dioxide. The educational qualification of the
employees in TTPL Ltd is very high. About 40% of the workers employed in the company
are graduates. The company is providing a well-conceived transport system and most of
the workers rate the conveyance facilities as good. There is a good follow up of the well-
defined rules and regulations. The employees’ express satisfaction over the functioning
of the various departments. The organisation is blessed with highly skilled and
experienced employees. Uniform is compulsory for all workers except those in the
administrative section.

The internship helped in perceiving the overall functioning of the organization as well
individual and deep insights of each department. The SWOC analysis helped evaluate the
organization from all angles in order to understand how to build on strengths and seize
opportunities by minimizing weakness and counteracting challenges. Pollution is one of
the main problems faced by the company. Further as the company is a PSU, government
sanction is needed for most of the process and hence administrative delay is of great
concern for the firm. Adding on the high production costs and tough competition both
inside and outside the country makes for an urgent need to think of counter measures.
These can however be confronted by the company’s CSR activities, sustainability and
product mix. Yet another vital measure to undertake is the updating of technology
throughout the organization. More than 50% of the administrative works in TTPL is still
done the old way. Aside from this being a huge fire hazard, lack of technology also results
in unnecessary time consumption and sometimes even inefficient decision making.
Paying attention to the above factors will surely result in a boost in efficiency in the
organization.

Overall the internship experience at TTPLL was well rounded and extremely
informational. I’ve gained lots of practical knowledge about how the real corporate world
works.
 64

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