Expansion (Pin Test) of Copper and Copper-Alloy Pipe and Tubing

Designation: B153 − 11
Standard Test Method for

Expansion (Pin Test) of Copper and Copper-Alloy Pipe and
Tubing1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B153; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 4. Summary of Test Method

1.1 This test method establishes the requirements for the 4.1 The prepared test specimen is expanded over a conical
expansion pin test for copper and copper-alloy pipe and tubing pin inserted at a uniform speed or pressure. The expansion of
with an inside diameter of 0.125 in. (3.2 mm) and greater or an the test specimen shall be measured on the outside of the tube
outside diameter up to and including 4 in. (102 mm). diameter and shall conform to the product specification.
NOTE 1—For tubes of sizes with an inside diameter less than 0.125 in. 5. Significance and Use
(3.2 mm), a substitute test method must be agreed upon between the
manufacturer and purchaser.
5.1 When properly performed and interpreted, the expan-
NOTE 2—For tubes of sizes greater than 4 in. (102 mm) in outside sion pin test will provide information with regard to the
diameter, refer to B968/B968M for a test method. capacity of a tube for expansion and to reveal surface defects.
The expansion pin test may provide data for research and
1.2 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be
development, engineering design, quality control, and accep-
regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are
tance or rejections in specifications.
mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for
information only and are not considered standard. 5.2 In certain product specifications which establish require-
ments for tubes of sizes greater than 4 in. (102 mm), the test
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the described in B968/B968M may be allowed as a substitute.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 6. Apparatus
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- 6.1 Pin—The conical pin shall have an included angle of
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. 60°, unless provided otherwise in the product specification.
The pin shall be made of carbide or tool steel that has been
2. Referenced Documents hardened and ground to the prescribed angle and shall have a
2.1 ASTM Standards:2 smooth, polished surface. The size of the pin at the base shall
B846 Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys be suitable for the size of tubing being tested.
B968/B968M Test Method for Flattening of Copper and 6.2 Testing Machine—Any type of testing machine, either
Copper-Alloy Pipe and Tube hydraulically or mechanically operated, that will exert pressure
to expand the pipe and tubing on the pin at a uniform rate.
3. Terminology
7. Sampling and Test Specimen Preparation
3.1 For definitions of terms related to copper and copper
7.1 The test specimen shall be prescribed in the specifica-
alloys, refer to Terminology B846.
tion for the product being tested. In the event that a test
specimen size is not prescribed in the pipe or tube specifica-
tion, the specimen shall be of suitable length so that it can be
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B05 on Copper expanded to the required amount. Both ends shall either be
and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.06 on
Methods of Test.
faced square to the longitudinal axis in a lathe, or suitably
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2011. Published February 2011. Originally prepared so as to have a smooth surface free from scratches or
approved in 1941. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as B153 – 05. DOI: burrs, which might interfere with the test.
10.1520/B0153-11.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 8. Procedure
contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 8.1 The test specimen shall be wiped clean to remove any
the ASTM website. loose chips or dirt from the inside surface. The specimen shall
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
B153 − 11
be well lubricated (Note 3) on the inside surface. The pin (6.1) 10. Report
for use in the test, as prescribed in the specifications for the
10.1 When testing is completed by an independent third-
product being tested, shall be wiped clean and free from dirt,
grit, or chips, and coated with lubricant. party laboratory, the test report shall include the following
information. In-house captive laboratories shall only report
NOTE 3—No. 1 lard oil or any extreme pressure lubricating oil is 10.1.1, 10.1.2 and 10.1.5.
recommended as a lubricant.
10.1.1 The date of the test,
8.2 The test specimen shall be expanded over the pin to the
amount prescribed in the specification. During the expansion 10.1.2 Sample identification,
the testing machine shall be operated at a uniform speed or 10.1.3 Reference to the test method,
pressure. The longitudinal axes of the test specimen and the pin 10.1.4 The number of replicate test pieces used,
shall coincide. The expanded tube shall be examined with the 10.1.5 The test results: Pass or Fail (relative to presence of
unaided eye to determine conformance with the product defects) as required above and by the appropriate product
specification. Expansion shall be measured on the outside specification, and
diameter of the tube.
10.1.6 Any other features of the material noted during the
8.2.1 Subject to agreement by the manufacturer and the
purchaser, the test specimen may be expanded by hand- inspection.
hammering or by manually or mechanically pressing the pin,
except that in case of dispute another test specimen shall be 11. Precision and Bias
expanded as described in 8.2. 11.1 No statement is made about either the precision or bias
8.3 In case there is an indication that the specimen was not of this test method since the result merely states whether there
properly prepared or tested, a new specimen from the same is conformance to the acceptance criteria specified in the
sample shall be selected and tested. procedure and the product specification.
8.4 During inspection, the expanded section of the test
specimen shall be free of defects, but blemishes of a nature that 12. Keywords
do not interfere with the intended application are acceptable. 12.1 copper; copper alloy; expansion; expansion test; pin
9. Retests test; pipe; tube
9.1 In case of failure of any specimen a retest shall be
allowed in accordance with the requirements of the product
specification.
SUMMARY OF CHANGES
Committee B05 has identified the principal changes to this standard that have been incorporated since the 2005
issue as follows:
(1) Added references to B968/B968M. (2) Added a Report section.
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in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk
of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.
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Designation: B153 − 11

Standard Test Method for

1. Scope* 4. Summary of Test Method

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

(1) Added references to B968/B968M. (2) Added a Report section.

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