Atc Procedures Final 55MM
Atc Procedures Final 55MM
Atc Procedures Final 55MM
Index
Personnel Licensing 1
ICAO Annex 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1. Differences between ICAO Annex 1 and Regulation (EU) No 1178/2011 1
Aircrew Regulation — Part-FCL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2.1. Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2.2. Content and structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.3. Commercial pilot licence (CPL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.4. Airline transport pilot licence (ATPL) and multi-crew pilot licence (MPL) 11
2.5. Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.6 Aircrew Regulation Part-MED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
1
Personnel Licensing
ICAO Annex 1
In order to provide easier fulfillment of the requirements for the licenses it is known
each State issue their own licenses based on national regulations in conformity with Annex
1 specifications, as a referral. These licenses are validated by other Contracting states on
the basis of bilateral or multilateral agreements or the fulfillment of the nationally
legislated requirements. As known Operators must remain informed and are responsible for
being aware of differences in procedures between State regulations and ICAO provisions.
ICAO provides a wordly recognition of flight crew licenses issued by any menber State
provided that:
The licence is used on an aircraft which is registered in the State which has issued or
validated the licence.
2.1. Definitions
requirement for pilots willing to get a Type Rating on a multi crew airplane. It is also
required by most European airlines to apply for a pilot position, making the MCC training
an essential step to become a pilot in Europe.
Multi- pilot aircraft. In the case of aeroplanes, means aeroplanes certificated for
operation with a minimum crew of at least two pilots.
Means an aircraft certificated for operation with a minimum crew of at least two
pilots.
Private Pilot. A pilot who holds a licence which prohibits the piloting of aircraft
in operations for which remuneration is given. is an individual who holds a Private Pilot’s
license (PPL), also known as a Private Pilot’s Certificate. This means the person is able to
fly as the Pilot in Command of an aircraft, but only for pleasure, but not for remuneration,
unlike a holder of a Commercial Pilot’s license (CPL) or Air Transport Pilot’s License
(ATPL). A Private Pilot License (PPL) is the most sought after type of pilot certification.
In the United States, a Private Pilot License is actually called a Private Pilot Certificate
and is similar to what a driver’s license is for automobiles. By earning a private pilot
license, you can legally fly an aircraft. Private pilots are trained to navigate small aircraft
by themselves. Flight training includes aircraft maneuvers, navigation, emergency
procedures and cross-country flight planning. While people may seek the license for hobby
or sport reasons, a private pilot certification is the first major milestone on the road to
becoming an airline pilot.
Solo flight time. Means flight time during which a student pilot is the sole
occupant of an aircraft.
Renewal. The administrative action taken after a rating or approval has lapsed
that renews the privileges of the rating or approval for a further specified. Rating: An
authorization entered on or associated with a licence and forming part thereof, stating
special conditions, privileges or limitations pertaining to such licence.
Skill Test. Skill tests are demonstrations of skill for licence or rating issue,
including such oral examination as the examiner may require.
Instrument Flight time. Time during which a pilot is piloting an aircraft solely
by reference to instruments and without external reference points. Instrument Ground
Time: Time during which a pilot is practising, on the ground, simulated instrument flight
in a flight simulation training device approved by the Licensing Authority.
Flight time. Means for aeroplanes, touring motor gliders and powered lift, the
total time from the moment an aircraft first moves for the purpose of taking off until the
moment it finally comes to rest at the end of the flight.
Night. Means the period between the end of evening civil twilight and the
beginning of morning civil twilight, or such other period between sunset and sunrise as may
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Aircraft Type. All aircraft of the same basic design including all modifications
thereto except those modifications which result in a change in handling or flight.
Dual Instruction Time. Means flight time or instrument ground time during
which a person is receiving flight instruction from a properly authorised instructor.
Cross Country. Means a flight between a point of departure and a point of arrival
following a preplanned route using standard navigation procedures.
An application for the issue, revalidation or renewal of pilot licences and associated
ratings and certificates shall be submitted to the competent authority in a form and
manner established by that authority.
Aplicants shall take entire set of theoretical knwledge examinations for a specific
licence or rating under the responsibility of the same Member State’s competent
authority.
A skill test for the issue of a licence must be taken after passing the theoretical
knowledge exam.
A current and specific medical certificate, adequate to the type of licence held or the
licence applying to, shall be passed renewed or revalidated.
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List the two factors that are relevant to the exercise of the privileges of a
licence.
The exercise of the privileges granted by a licence shall be dependent upon the
validity of the ratings contained therein, if applicable, and of the medical certificate.
State the circumstances in which a language proficiency endorsement is
required. Aeroplane, helicopter, powered-lift and airship pilots required to use the radio
telephone shall not exercise the privileges of their licences and ratings unless they have a
language proficiency endorsement on their licence in either English or the language used for
radio communications involved in the flight.
The endorsement shall indicate the language, the proficiency level and the validity
date.
The applicant for a language proficiency endorsement shall demonstrate, in
accordance with Appendix 2 to this Part, at least an operational level of language
proficiency both in the use of phraseologies and plain language. To do so, the applicant
shall demonstrate the ability to:
Except for pilots who have demonstrated language proficiency at an expert level, in
accordance with Appendix 2 to this Part, the language proficiency endorsement shall be
re-evaluated every:
List the restrictions for licence holders with an age of 60 years or more.
Age 60-64: Aeroplanes and helicopters. The holder of a pilot licence who has attained
the age of 60 years shall not act as a pilot of an aircraft engaged in commercial air
transport except as a member of a multi-pilot crew.
Age 65: Except in the case of a holder of a balloon or sailplane pilot licence, the
holder of a pilot licence who has attained the age of 65 years shall not act as a pilot
of an aircraft engaged in commercial air transport.
Age 70: The holder of a balloon or sailplane pilot licence who has attained the age of
70 years shall not act as a pilot of a balloon or a sailplane engaged in commercial air
transport.
A valid licence and a valid medical certificate shall always be carried by the pilot
when exercising the privileges of the licence.
The pilot shall also carry a personal identification document containing his/her photo.
A pilot or a student pilot shall without undue delay present his/her flight time record
for inspection upon request by an authorised representative of a competent authority.
A student pilot shall carry on all solo cross-country flights evidence of the
authorisation
State the requirements for the issue of a CPL. An applicant for the issue of a
CPL shall have fulfilled the requirements for the class or type rating of the aircraft used in
the skill test.
Minimum age. An applicant for a CPL shall be at least 18 years of age.
CPL integrated course — Aeroplanes, Flying Training. The flying training,
not including type rating training, shall comprise a total of at least 150 hours, to include all
progress tests, of which up to 5 hours for the entire course may be instrument ground time.
Within the total of 150 hours, applicants shall complete at least:
70 hours as PIC
5 hours to be carried out in an aeroplane certificated for the carriage of at least four
persons that has a variable pitch propeller and retractable landing gear.
100 hours as PIC, of which 20 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, which shall
include a VFR cross-country flight of at least 540 km (300 NM), in the course of
which full stop landings at two aerodromes different from the aerodrome of departure
shall be made.
State the privileges of a CPL. The privileges of the holder of a CPL are, within
the appropriate aircraft category, to:
Act as PIC or co-pilot of any aircraft engaged in operations other than commercial
air transport.
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Act as PIC in commercial air transport of any single-pilot aircraft subject to the
restrictions specified in FCL.060 and in this Subpart.
2.4. Airline transport pilot licence (ATPL) and multi-crew pilot licence
(MPL)
State the requirements for the issue of an ATPL.. Applicants for the issue of
an ATPL shall have fulfilled the requirements for the type rating of the aircraft used in the
skill test.
Minimum age. Applicants for an ATPL shall be at least 21 years of age.
Prerequisites, experience and crediting ((a) and (b)). Applicants for an
ATPL(A) shall hold:
An MPL
A CPL(A) and a multi-engine IR for aeroplanes. In this case, the applicant shall also
have received instruction in MCC.
3. 250 hours, including at least 70 hours as PIC, and the remaining as PIC
under supervision
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• 200 hours of cross-country flight time of which at least 100 hours shall be as PIC
or as PIC under supervision
• 75 hours of instrument time of which not more than 30 hours may be instrument
ground time
Of the 1 500 hours of flight time, up to 100 hours of flight time may have been
completed in an FFS and FNPT. Of these 100 hours, only a maximum of 25 hours
may be completed in an FNPT.
State the privileges of an ATPL. The privileges of the holder of an ATPL are,
within the appropriate aircraft category, to:
Exercise all the privileges of the holder of an LAPL, a PPL and a CPL.
Applicants for the issue of an ATPL shall have fulfilled the requirements for the
type rating of the aircraft used in the skill test.
State the requirements for the issue of an MPL. Before exercising the
privileges of a CPL(A), the holder of an MPL shall have completed in aeroplanes:
70 hours of flight time, as PIC or made up of at least 10 hours as PIC and the
additional flight time as PIC under supervision (PICUS). Of these 70 hours, 20 shall
be of VFR cross-country flight time as PIC, or cross-country flight time made up of
at least 10 hours as PIC and 10 hours as PICUS. This shall include a VFR
cross-country flight of at least 540 km (300 NM) in the course of which full-stop
landings at two different aerodromes shall be flown as PIC
the elements of the CPL(A) modular course as specified in paragraphs 10(a) and 11
of Appendix 3, E to this Part;
the holder of a PPL(A), provided that the requirements for the PPL(A) specified in
Subpart C are met.
The holder of an MPL shall have the privileges of his/her IR(A) limited to aeroplanes
required to be operated with a co-pilot. The privileges of the IR(A) may be extended to
single-pilot operations in aeroplanes, provided that the licence holder has completed the
training necessary to act as PIC in single-pilot operations exercised solely by reference to
instruments and passed the skill test of the IR(A) as a single-pilot.
2.5. Ratings
State the requirements for class ratings, their validity and privileges..
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The period of validity of class and type ratings shall be 1 year, except for single-pilot
single-engine class ratings, for which the period of validity shall be 2 years, unless
otherwise determined by the operational suitability data, established in accordance
with Part-21.
Validity and renewal of class and type ratings; Privileges of the holder of
a class or type rating; Experience requirements and prerequisites for the issue
of class or type ratings — aeroplanes.
The period of validity of class and type ratings shall be 1 year, except for single-pilot
single-engine class ratings, for which the period of validity shall be 2 years, unless
otherwise determined by the operational suitability data, established in accordance
with Part-21.
Privileges of the holder of a class or type rating. The privileges of the holder
of a class or type rating are to act as pilot on the class or type of aircraft specified in the
rating.
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1. Have at least 200 hours of total flying experience, of which 70 hours as PIC on
aeroplanes.
Single-pilot high performance complex aeroplanes. Applicants for the issue of a first
type rating for a complex single-pilot aeroplane classified as a high performance
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aeroplane shall, in addition to meeting the requirements of (b), have fulfilled the
requirements for a multi-engine IR(A), as established in Subpart G
Multi-pilot aeroplanes. An applicant for the first type rating course for a multi-pilot
aeroplane shall be a student pilot currently undergoing training on an MPL training
course or comply with the following requirements:
4. Except when the type rating course is combined with an MCC course:
Notwithstanding point (d), a Member State may issue a type rating with restricted
privileges for multi-pilot aeroplanes that allows the holder of such rating to act as a
cruise relief co-pilot above Flight Level 200, provided that two other members of the
crew have a type rating in accordance with point (d).
The period of validity of class and type ratings shall be 1 year, except for single-pilot
single-engine class ratings, for which the period of validity shall be 2 years, unless
otherwise determined by the operational suitability data, established in accordance
with Part-21.
2. The holder of the EIR shall only commence or continue a flight on which he/she
intends to exercise the privileges of his/her rating if the latest available
meteorological information indicates that:
1. The privileges of a holder of an IR are to fly aircraft under IFR, including PBN
operations, with a minimum decision height of no less than 200 feet (60 m).
State the requirements for other ratings, their validity and privileges
according to Part-FCL of: Aerobatic rating, Sailplane towing and banner
towing ratings; Night rating; Mountain rating; Flight test rating..
Aerobatic Rating
1. Holders of a pilot licence for aeroplanes, TMG or sailplanes shall only undertake
aerobatic flights when they hold the appropriate rating.
a) At least 40 hours of flight time or, in the case of sailplanes, 120 launches as
PIC in the appropriate aircraft category, completed after the issue of the
licence
3. The privileges of the aerobatic rating shall be limited to the aircraft category in
which the flight instruction was completed. The privileges will be extended to
another category of aircraft if the pilot holds a licence for that aircraft category
and has successfully completed at least 3 dual training flights covering the full
aerobatic training syllabus in that category of aircraft.
1. Holders of a pilot licence with privileges to fly aeroplanes or TMGs shall only
tow sailplanes or banners when they hold the appropriate sailplane towing or
banner towing rating.
2. Holders of a pilot licence with privileges to fly aeroplanes or TMGs shall only
tow sailplanes or banners when they hold the appropriate sailplane towing or
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a) At least 100 hours of flight time and 200 take-offs and landings as PIC on
aeroplanes or TMG, after the issue of the licence. At least 30 of these hours
shall be in aeroplanes, if the activity is to be carried out in aeroplanes, or in
TMG, if the activity is to be carried out in TMGs.
c) The privileges of the sailplane and banner towing ratings shall be limited to
aeroplanes or TMG, depending on which aircraft the flight instruction was
completed. The privileges will be extended if the pilot holds a licence for
aeroplanes or TMG and has successfully completed at least 3 dual training
flights covering the full towing training syllabus in either aircraft, as
relevant.
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e) When the pilot does not comply with the requirement in (e), before
resuming the exercise of his/her privileges, the pilot shall complete the
missing tows with or under the supervision of an instructor.
Night rating
2. Before completing the training at night, LAPL holders shall have completed the
basic instrument flight training required for the issue of the PPL.
3. When applicants hold both a single-engine piston aeroplane (land) and a TMG
class rating, they may complete the requirements in (1) above in either class or
both classes.
Mountain rating
a) Wheels, to grant the privilege to fly to and from such surfaces when they
are not covered by snow.
b) Skis, to grant the privilege to fly to and from such surfaces when they are
covered by snow.
c) The privileges of the initial rating may be extended to either wheel or ski
privileges when the pilot has undertaken an appropriate additional
familiarisation course, including theoretical knowledge instruction and flight
training, with a mountain flight instructor.
3. Training course. Applicants for a mountain rating shall have completed, within a
period of 24 months, a course of theoretical knowledge instruction and flight
training at an ATO. The content of the course shall be appropriate to the
privileges sought.
4. Skill test. After the completion of the training, the applicant shall pass a skill
test with an FE qualified for this purpose. The skill test shall contain:
b) Pass a proficiency check. The proficiency check shall comply with the
requirements in (c).
6. Renewal. If the rating has lapsed, the applicant shall comply with the
requirement in (e)(2).
1. Holders of a pilot licence for aeroplanes or helicopters shall only act as PIC in
category 1 or 2 flight tests, as defined in Part-21, when they hold a flight test
rating.
2. The obligation to hold a flight test rating established in (a) shall only apply to
flight tests conducted on:
3. The privileges of the holder of a flight test rating are to, within the relevant
aircraft category:
a) In the case of a category 1 flight test rating, conduct all categories of flight
tests, as defined in Part-21, either as PIC or co-pilot.
• Performance
• Systems
• Test management
• Risk/Safety management.
1. The authority designated by the Member State where the AeMC has its
principal place of business
1. the authority designated by the Member State where the AMEs have their
principal place of practice
For general medical practitioners (GMP), the authority designated by the Member
State to which the GMP notifies his/her activity.
For occupational health medical practitioners (OHMP) assessing the medical fitness
of cabin crew, the authority designated by the Member State to which the OHMP
notifies his/her activity.
Validity.
The period of validity of Class 1 medical certificates shall be reduced to 6 months for
licence holders who:
1. 60 months until the licence holder reaches the age of 40. A medical certificate
issued prior to reaching the age of 40 shall cease to be valid after the licence
holder reaches the age of 42
2. 24 months between the age of 40 and 50. A medical certificate issued prior to
reaching the age of 50 shall cease to be valid after the licence holder reaches the
age of 51
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1. 60 months until the licence holder reaches the age of 40. A medical certificate
issued prior to reaching the age of 40 shall cease to be valid after the licence
holder reaches the age of 42
1. determined by the age of the applicant at the date when the medical
examination takes place
2. calculated from the date of the medical examination in the case of initial issue
and renewal, and from the expiry date of the previous medical certificate in the
case of revalidation
If the holder of a medical certificate does not comply with Revalidation, a renewal
examination and/or assessment shall be required.
1. If the medical certificate has expired for more than 2 years, the AeMC or AME
shall only conduct the renewal examination after assessment of the aero-medical
records of the applicant
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2. If the medical certificate has expired for more than 5 years, the examination
requirements for initial issue shall apply and the assessment shall be based on
the revalidation requirements.
In the case of LAPL medical certificates, the AeMC, AME or GMP shall assess the
medical history of the applicant and perform the aero-medical examination and/or
assessment in accordance with MED.B.095.
A medical certificate shall only be issued, revalidated or renewed once the required
medical examinations and/or assessments have been completed and a fit assessment
is made.
Initial issue:
The AeMC, AME or GMP shall only issue, revalidate or renew a medical certificate if:
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1. The applicant has provided them with a complete medical history and, if
required by the AeMC, AME or GMP, results of medical examinations and tests
conducted by the applicant’s doctor or any medical specialists
2. The AeMC, AME or GMP have conducted the aero-medical assessment based
on the medical examinations and tests as required for the relevant medical
certificate to verify that the applicant complies with all the relevant
requirements of this Part.
The AME, AeMC or, in the case of referral, the licensing authority may require the
applicant to undergo additional medical examinations and investigations when
clinically indicated before they issue, revalidate or renew a medical certificate.
The licensing authority may issue or re-issue a medical certificate, as applicable, if:
1. A case is referred
A student pilot shall not fly solo unless that student pilot holds a medical certificate,
as required for the relevant licence.
Applicants for and holders of a light aircraft pilot licence (LAPL) shall hold at least
an LAPL medical certificate.
Applicants for and holders of a private pilot licence (PPL), a sailplane pilot licence
(SPL), or a balloon pilot licence (BPL) shall hold at least a Class 2 medical
certificate.
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If a night rating is added to a PPL or LAPL, the licence holder shall be colour safe.
Applicants for and holders of a commercial pilot licence (CPL), a multi-crew pilot
licence (MPL), or an airline transport pilot licence (ATPL) shall hold a Class 1
medical certificate.
If an instrument rating is added to a PPL, the licence holder shall undertake pure
tone audiometry examinations in accordance with the periodicity and the standard
required for Class 1 medical certificate holders.
A licence holder shall not at any time hold more than one medical certificate issued
in accordance with this Part.
Licence holders shall not exercise the privileges of their licence and related ratings or
certificates at any time when they:
1. Are aware of any decrease in their medical fitness which might render them
unable to safely exercise those privileges.
3. Receive any medical, surgical or other treatment that is likely to interfere with
flight safety.
In addition, licence holders shall, without undue delay, seek aero-medical advice when
they:
4. Have been suffering from any significant illness involving incapacity to function
as a member of the flight crew.
5. Are pregnant.
In these cases:
1. Holders of Class 1 and Class 2 medical certificates shall seek the advice of an
AeMC or AME. The AeMC or AME shall assess the medical fitness of the licence
holder and decide whether they are fit to resume the exercise of their privileges.
2. Holders of LAPL medical certificates shall seek the advice of an AeMC or AME,
or the GMP who signed the medical certificate. The AeMC, AME or GMP shall
assess the medical fitness of the licence holders and decide whether they are fit
to resume the exercise of their privileges.
Cabin crew members shall not perform duties on an aircraft and, where applicable,
shall not exercise the privileges of their cabin crew attestation when they are aware of
any decrease in their medical fitness, to the extent that this condition might render
them unable to discharge their safety duties and responsibilities.
References
3. Website
https://part-aero.com/