Road Safety Engineering
Road Safety Engineering
Road Safety Engineering
Prepared By
Riyaz Mohammed
SYLLABUS
UNIT – I
UNIT – II
UNIT – III
UNIT – V
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Civil Engineering 1
UNIT – I
ROAD ACCIDENTS
SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATIONS
R = (B × 10, 000)/M
Hence,
R = (B × 100, 000)/P
Accident rate per vehicle kms of travel can be obtained from the
equation below as:
Here, R is the accident rate per 100 million vehicle kms of travel,
C (total accident same as vehicle fatalities) is 3114, V (vehicle kms
of travel) is 63.1 × 109.
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UNIT – II
COUNTER MEASURES
Advantages
1. Proper planning.
2. Decision before-hand ensures minimization of future
accidents.
3. Long term cost associated with planning is also reduced.
4. Enables all kinds of users to perceive clearly how to use it
safely.
1. Feasibility Stage
2. Draft Stage
4. Pre-opening stage
1. Standard Checklist
3. Construction Checklist
It is better to avoid:
Checklists
2. Back Up Camera
3. Auto-Steering
4. LED Headlights
➢ Vehicles that have rear cross-traffic alert often have rear AEB.
➢ If an object is detected, brakes are automatically applied to
prevent backing into it.
9. Bluetooth/Voice Control
➢ Texting and being on your phone while you drive is not safe.
➢ Smartphones can automatically connect when in a Bluetooth
capable car, and then if there is an incoming call you can
answer using voice command.
➢ Some phones even have voice texting that you can set up, or
pre-made message responses you can easily select on a car
display.
➢ Other voice control systems let you do various things in the
car such as change a song, turn on heat, and more.
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UNIT – III
TRAFFIC SIGNS
1. Mandatory/Regulatory Signs
➢ These signs are primarily meant for the safety of other road
users.
➢ These signs have generally black legend on a white
background.
➢ Circular in shape with red borders.
2. Cautionary/Warning Signs
3. Informatory Signs
➢ Placed only for short duration and will be removed soon after
the work is over and when the road is brought back to its
normal condition.
LOCATION OF SIGNS
Color
➢ The most commonly used colors are red, green, yellow, black,
blue, and brown.
➢ Consistent use of colors helps the drivers to identify the
presence of sign board ahead.
Shape
Legend
Word messages
➢ Capital letters.
➢ As brief as possible.
➢ More than three words.
➢ STOP, SLOW, SCHOOL, RIGHT TURN ONLY etc.
Pattern
Road markings
Classification
1. Longitudinal markings.
2. Transverse markings.
3. Object markings.
4. Word messages.
5. Marking for parkings.
6. Marking at hazardous locations etc.
1. Longitudinal markings
i. Centre line.
ii. Traffic lanes.
iii. No passing zone.
iv. Warning lines.
v. Border or edge lines.
vi. Bus lane markings.
vii. Cycle lane markings.
i. Centre line
Lane marking for a four lane road with solid barrier line
Traffic lane marking for a four lane road with broken centre
line
v. Edge lines
2. Transverse markings
i. Stop line
4.Parking
5.Hazardous location
TRAFFIC SIGNALS
Types
during the peak hours at the intersection and varies the timings of
these phases and cycle accordingly.
Advantages
2. Reducing accidents.
3. Increasing average saving in fuel.
Disadvantages
1. Very costly.
2. Very complex.
3. Suitable only for lane following traffic.
DELINEATORS
Highway delineators
SAFETY BARRIERS
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UNIT – IV
3. No-Helmet Monitoring
5. E-challan system
TRAFFIC CALMING
SPEED LIMIT
LOAD LIMIT
TRAFFIC LIGHTS
Traffic lights (or traffic signals) are lights used to control the
movement of traffic. They are placed on roads at intersections &
crossings.
SAFETY CAMERAS
PARKING
Advantages
Advantages
Benefits of ITS
1. Safety improvements.
2. Delay savings.
3. Throughput.
4. Customer satisfaction.
5. Cost savings.
6. Environmental.
These are the tools and concepts that enhance the driver’s control
of vehicle to make travel safer and more efficient. In vehicle
Collision warning System alert the driver to a possible imminent
collision.
It includes,
1. Over Speeding.
2. Over Loading of passengers.
3. Carrying passengers in goods carriages.
4. Drunken Driving.
5. Red Light Jumping.
6. Using Mobile Phone While driving.
AIR QUALITY
TRAFFIC NOISE
1. Hearing Problems.
➢ But it is not just India’s roads that are deadly. Earlier this
month, a number of popular cars in India including the
Renault Kwid, Hyundai Eon and Maruti Suzuki Celerio failed
crash tests by London-based Global New Car Assessment
Programme.
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UNIT – V
INCIDENT MANAGEMENT
INTRODUCTION
TYPES OF INCIDENTS
1. Breakdown of vehicles.
2. Incidents with only material damage.
3. Those involving injured persons, death, fire, and dangerous
goods.
4. Investigation of guilt or crime.
IMPACTS
1. Delay.
2. Property damage.
3. Injuries and fatalities.
4. Road safety for the road users.
APPLICATIONS OF ITS
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Prepared By
RIYAZ MOHAMMED