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    The Leaf L3 - PPTX

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    Seibide Importee
    The leaf has several tissues that allow it to photosynthesize efficiently. The waxy cuticle and epidermis layers protect the inner tissues and regulate gas exchange. Beneath them are the palisade mesophyll layer, with densely packed chloroplast-rich cells for photosynthesis, and the spongy mesophyll layer containing air spaces. Stomata in the epidermis open and close to control the intake of carbon dioxide and release of oxygen and water vapor.

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    The Leaf L3 - PPTX

    Uploaded by

    Seibide Importee
    8 views18 pages
    The leaf has several tissues that allow it to photosynthesize efficiently. The waxy cuticle and epidermis layers protect the inner tissues and regulate gas exchange. Beneath them are the palisade mesophyll layer, with densely packed chloroplast-rich cells for photosynthesis, and the spongy mesophyll layer containing air spaces. Stomata in the epidermis open and close to control the intake of carbon dioxide and release of oxygen and water vapor.

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    The Leaf L3_pptx

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    The leaf has several tissues that allow it to photosynthesize efficiently. The waxy cuticle and epidermis layers protect the inner tissues and regulate gas exchange. Beneath them are the palisade mesophyll layer, with densely packed chloroplast-rich cells for photosynthesis, and the spongy mesophyll layer containing air spaces. Stomata in the epidermis open and close to control the intake of carbon dioxide and release of oxygen and water vapor.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    8 views18 pages

    The Leaf L3 - PPTX

    Uploaded by

    Seibide Importee
    The leaf has several tissues that allow it to photosynthesize efficiently. The waxy cuticle and epidermis layers protect the inner tissues and regulate gas exchange. Beneath them are the palisade mesophyll layer, with densely packed chloroplast-rich cells for photosynthesis, and the spongy mesophyll layer containing air spaces. Stomata in the epidermis open and close to control the intake of carbon dioxide and release of oxygen and water vapor.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 18

    Leaf Structure

    Learning Objectives:-

    Recall the photosynthesis equation and symbol equation


    Describe structure of the leaf
    Describe and explain the functions of the various tissues within
    the leaf

    Examiner tip – ensure you know the sequence for multi-cellular


    organisms (the order is same in plants and animals though the
    cells, tissues etc differ)
    SKETCH THE PLANT AND ADD THE LABELS
    FILLING IN THE MISSING WORDS
    Leaf Structure
    Waxy cuticle
    Epidermis

    Palisade mesophyll layer

    Air space

    Spongy mesophyll layer

    Stomata

    Epidermis
    Waxy Cuticle & Epidermis
    Waxy cuticle
    Upper Epidermis
    The waxy cuticle is a thin layer
    atop the epidermis.
    Its function is to reduce the water
    lost from the leaf.
    In arid (dry) conditions this cuticle
    layer can be quite thick.
    Epidermis cells contain no
    chloroplasts – not true of the
    stoma cells.
    They form layers on the upper and
    lower surfaces of the leaf.
    Their function is to prevent water
    getting out and stopping unwanted
    substances/organisms getting in.

    Lower Epidermis
    Palisade Mesophyll Layer
    The palisade mesophyll layer is
    where most of the photosynthesis
    occurs in the leaf.

    Palisade mesophyll layer

    The palisade cells contain a lot of


    chloroplasts to help them perform
    this photosynthesis.

    The palisade cells are closely


    packed together to maximize light
    absorption.

    In the leaf cross-section we can see


    the palisade cells are only found in
    the upper part of the leaf.
    Spongy Mesophyll Layer and air spaces

    The cells in the spongy mesophyll


    layer are not as closely packed as
    the cells in the palisade mesophyll
    layer.
    air spaces
    This creates air spaces inside the
    leaf to enable gases to move in
    and out.
    Spongy mesophyll layer

    There are not as many chloroplasts


    in the spongy mesophyll cells as
    there are in the palisade mesophyll
    cells .
    There is a thin layer of water on the
    the surface of the mesophyll cells.
    Swapping over – Gaseous exchange
    • A leaf is very thin so its centre is quite close to the outside.
    • The larger intercellular spaces mean that air can move
    easily between the cells.
    • Diffusion is fast enough to supply gases to all the cells.
    • The gases diffuse through the epidermis and stomata into
    the intercellular spaces.
    • Here they dissolve in the water layer and diffuse into the
    mesophyll cells through the cell wall and cell membrane.
    Stomata and guard cells
    There are holes found in leaves
    called stoma.

    These holes allows gases to


    diffuse in and out of the leaves.
    The stoma are formed by two highly
    specialized epidermis cells.
    These cells, called guard cells, are
    the only epidermis cells that contain
    chloroplasts.
    The stoma open and close
    depending upon the requirements of
    the plant.

    It is through these stoma that water


    leaves the leaf, the process that
    powers transpiration.
    Stomata Guard cells
    Stomata

    Stomata open Stomata closed

    During photosynthesis When the stomata are


    carbon dioxide diffuses in closed,often at night or in
    and oxygen diffuses out a humid environment, this
    stops gases diffusing in
    and out of the leaf
    Day and night
    • Main function of leaves is photosynthesis – this
    takes place in light
    • Carbon dioxide + water oxygen + sugar
    • Plants carry out respiration all the time:
    • Oxygen + sugar carbon dioxide + water
    Task: Journey of the carbon dioxide molecule from the
    air to the chloroplast in the palisade cell
    1. ___________
    Waxy cuticle
    2. ___________
    Epidermis

    3. ______________________
    Palisade mesophyll layer
    Bullet points
    Steps
    Story
    4. __________ Flow chart
    Air space Cartoon strip

    5. Spongy
    _____________________
    mesophyll layer

    6. ________
    Stomata

    7. __________
    Epidermis
    •
    •
    •
    •
    •

    •
    PLENARY: Name the layer or describe structure. Explain
    the function.
    1. ___________
    Waxy cuticle
    2. ___________
    Epidermis

    3. ______________________
    Palisade mesophyll layer

    4. __________
    Air space

    5. Spongy
    _____________________
    mesophyll layer

    6. ________
    Stomata

    7. __________
    Epidermis

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