FACULTY OF ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCE AND POLICY STUDIES

DIPLOMA IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (AM110)

COURSE CODE :
PAD381 (SOUTHEAST ASIA STUDIES)

GROUP PROJECT :
THE THREE PILLARS OF ASEAN COMMUNITY VISION 2025

PREPARED FOR :
DR. NUR AIDA BINTI KIPLI

PREPARED BY:
MUHAMMAD HARIZAL JANISAH (2021111213)
BENEDICT ECARLTIES ANAK BAYANG (2021109249)
ANDREAS AGAH ANAK SUMBANG (2021123241)

DATE SUBMITTED:
13 JANUARY 2023

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS
‘
1.0 INTRODUCTION PAGE 3-4

2.0 ASEAN COMMUNITY VISION PAGE 4-6

3.0 THREE PILLAR OF ASEAN PAGE

3.1 ASEAN Political-Security Community PAGE 7-9

3.2 ASEAN Economic PAGE 9-10

3.3 ASEAN Socio Cultural Community PAGE 10-11

4.0 CONCLUSION
PAGE 12

5.0 THE REFERENCES PAGE 13

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 1.0 INTRODUCTION

On August 8, 1967, the ASEAN Declaration was signed in Bangkok, Thailand,

officially establishing the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (Bangkok Declaration).

From the standpoint of the individual nations that make up this area, Thailand, Indonesia,

Malaysia, the Philippines, and Singapore. There was a historic document signing with

five world leaders at Bangkok's grand hall of Thailand's Ministry of Foreign Affairs.The

nation of Brunei Darussalam joined on January 7, 1984. On July 23, 1997, Vietnam,

Laos, Myanmar, and Cambodia joined. On July 28, 1995, Vietnam joined as well. There

are now ten member states of ASEAN.The ASEAN Charter establishes ASEAN's legal

status and institutional structure, providing a solid groundwork for the growth of the

ASEAN Community. It also sets out detailed ASEAN goals, emphasizes accountability

and compliance, and codifies ASEAN norms, rules, and principles.

On December 15, 2008, in the presence of ASEAN Foreign Ministers, the

ASEAN Charter entered into force at the ASEAN Secretariat in Jakarta. When the

ASEAN Charter is fully implemented, the organization will operate under a new legal

framework and establish new institutions to help in its community-building initiatives. The

ASEAN Charter is a binding agreement among the ten countries that make up ASEAN.

Registration with the UN Secretariat is also planned under Article 102, paragraph 1 of

the UN Charter.The heads of state or government from ASEAN member nations make

up the ASEAN Summit, the organization's top policy-making body. Typically, the ASEAN

Summit is held twice yearly, at times determined by the ASEAN Summit Chair in

consultation with the other ASEAN Member States. The ASEAN member state presently

serving as chair will play host to the summit. Bali, Indonesia, played host to the first-ever

ASEAN Summit on the 23rd and 24th of February, 1976.

In 2008, the ASEAN Foreign Ministers formed the ASEAN Coordinating Council

(ACC). To be ready for the ASEAN Summit, it gets together at least twice a year.The

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ASEAN Coordinating Committee (ACC) manages all ASEAN cross-pillar operations and

ensures that the ASEAN Leaders' mission is carried out. A Secretary-General, a Deputy

Secretary General, and many other institutions work together to plan and carry out ASEAN's

many programmes. According to Article 11 of the ASEAN Charter, the Secretary-General of

ASEAN shall be appointed by the ASEAN Member States from among their nationals in

alphabetical order, with due regard for honesty, aptitude, professional experience, and

gender equality. It shall serve for a term of at most five years. Indonesians voted in the first-

ever secretary general in 1976. This gentleman is Mr Hartono Rekso Dharsono. Dharsono

served as Secretary General, but he had to return home. Since 2018, Dato Lim Jock Hoi of

Brunei Darussalam has served as Secretary General. His term will end in 2022.

2.0 ASEAN COMMUNITY VISION

The essence of the ASEAN community is presented at the first meeting in Bali, or what

is now known as the Bali Concord 1976. It was later created during the 9th ASEAN Summit

in October 2003 in Bali. The ASEAN Community is built on three pillars: political and security

collaboration, economic ties, and socio-cultural partnership, to secure long-term stability,

consistency, and shared prosperity throughout the region. These are inextricably linked and

mutually reinforced.

First, there is the ASEAN Security Community (ASC), The ASEAN Security Community

is designed to elevate ASEAN's security and political collaboration in order to ensure that

states in the region live in harmony with each other and along with remainder of the world in

this, democratic, and peaceful environment. Participants of the ASEAN Security Community

may only utilize peaceful measures to resolve disputes within the region, and they must

consider their security as inextricably linked owing to geography, common aims, and other

factors. The ASEAN Security Community is designed to elevate ASEAN's security and

political collaboration in order to ensure that states in the region live in harmony with each

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other and along with the rest of the world in this, democratic, and peaceful environment.

Members of the ASEAN Security Community can only utilize peaceful measures to settle

disputes within the region, and they must consider their security as inextricably linked owing

to geography, common aims, and other considerations.

The second is the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC), whose establishment was

intended to transform the region's diversity into opportunities for economic complementation,

transforming ASEAN into a more robust and dynamic component of both the global supply

chain, and transforming ASEAN into an only one manufacturing and market platform. One of

the two pillars of all its program was ASEAN integration and increasing ASEAN's economic

strength. ASEAN built policies and structures to improve the implementation of its economic

efforts, including the ASEAN Free Trade Agreement (AFTA), ASEAN Framework Services

Agreement (AFAS), and ASEAN Investment Area, to realize the ASEAN Economic

Community (AIA). Its goal was to speed regional cooperation in important industries, make

business travel easier, and enhance ASEAN's institutional systems.

Finally, there is the ASEAN Sociocultural Community (ASCC). According to the plan of

action described in the 1976 Declaration of ASEAN Concord, the Community fosters social

development cooperation aimed at enhancing the standard of living for impoverished groups

and rural populations. It should also constantly pursue the involvement of all societal groups,

particularly women, youth, and local communities. By increasing funding for basic and higher

education, skills, technology and science development, creating jobs, and social welfare, the

workforce will be adequately equipped for and gain from economic cooperation.

Development of human resources and upgrade is a critical approach for creating jobs,

decreasing poverty and social imbalances, and ensuring equitable economic growth. The

ASEAN will continue to foster regional mobility and the interchange of qualifications and

experience, capabilities, and skill-building programs.

ASEAN launched the ASEAN Community 2015 in 2015 to achieve its goal of ensuring

peaceful, consistency, and inclusive growth between its participating countries. The

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inauguration was a leveraging technological in ASEAN's endurance and creativity, in

addition to a representation to the world at large of how skillfully ASEAN Member States

united to establish a single community. The ASEAN Community 2015 therefore announces

that member countries have agreed to recognize the value of an interconnected,

sustainable, cooperating, and caring society in aiding ASEAN countries in enhancing their

performance.

ASEAN 2025 "Forging Ahead Together" was unveiled in 2015 as a post-2015 vision.

The ASEAN Community's goal for 2025 emphasizes its dedication to the growth, stability,

and consolidation of the ASEAN Community. This is an ongoing, forward-looking endeavor

to strengthen the ASEAN Community by moving forward as a group on the basis of

sociocultural, socioeconomic, and political foundations. Along with constructing on the

experience and knowledge acquired over the past ten years to confront fresh challenges,

strap new types of technology, and guarantee possibilities for all, also it relates to advance

toward finishing important measures from of the preceding Roadmap that have not yet been

applied within a particular timeline. Additionally, ASEAN sends a message to its allies and

also the remainder of the world through this procedure that it is dedicated to continuing to

play a role in resolving issues affecting Southeast Asia's harmony, protection, and reliability.

This suggests that ASEAN as a whole is committed to and prepared to work including all

stakeholders on issues of shared interest.

3.0 THREE PILLAR OF ASEAN COMMUNITY

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 These three main pillars of the ASEAN Community 2015, which stand for the

community of opportunity, are the ASEAN Political-Security Community (APSC), ASEAN

Economic Community (AEC), and ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community (ASEAN Socio-

Cultural Community) (ASCC). The following are the three key areas that demand focus,

correction, and preparation. For all these three pillars, ASEAN created Blueprints that

incorporate precise and granular strategic goals and strategies in order to achieve better

progress. Although not all personal freedoms can be expressly addressed by the three

pillars of the ASEAN Community. The ASEAN Political-Security Community as well as the

ASEAN Socio-cultural Community are examples of how ASEAN has made an effort to

involve quite so many individuals as possible in assisting humans.

3.1 ASEAN Political-Security Community (APSC)

The approval of the ASEAN Political Security Community (APSC) Blueprint 2025

improved ASEAN security and political cooperation. It is meant to set guidelines, aspirations,

and the time-specific goals that have been set. The 14th ASEAN Summit, held on March 1,

2009, in Cha-am/Hua Hin, Thailand, saw the establishment of the first APSC Blueprint.

Afterwards, it was altered and repurposed with a new theme and time-specific aim. The most

recent APSC was established in September 2016 in Laos during the ASEAN summit.

3.1.1 Character and Element (APSC)

We'll only talk about two of the primary ASPC elements out of the four that are listed in

the most recent Blueprint. First, the rule-based, people-centered, and people-oriented

systems. Human rights, essential liberties, and social fairness are protected by founding

principles, norms, and standards. Along with feeling deeply connected to each other and

having a sense of a common identity and destiny, they also support the ideals of tolerance

and moderation. It Respect the principles of national identity, territorial integrity, justice,

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liberty, and independence. Encourage democracy, good leadership, the power of the law,

the advancement and defense of fundamental liberties and human dignity, and also the fight

against corruption. An annual youth think tank programmed engages youth from all

throughout the nation in the cause of promoting these principles. The ASEAN Senior Law

Officials Meeting (ASLOM) was established in 1985. ASLOM then informs the ASEAN Law

Ministers' Meeting of its findings (ALAWMM). They address three primary topics, including

the interchange of legal documents, judicial collaboration, legal research and education.

Malaysia first spoke about the pursuit of a Treaty on Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal

Matters at the 8th ASLOM, which took place in Bangkok, Thailand, on June 15–16, 2002.

(MLAT). In order to advance and strengthen ASEAN Member States' efforts and capacity to

combat transnational organized crime and other challenges, the proposal sought to expand

law enforcement cooperation and reciprocal legal assistance in criminal matters. By creating

the ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights (AICHR) in 2009, ASEAN

promoted human rights under this component. Abolishing child labor, reducing human

trafficking, and directing relating to employment regulations toward proper work were some

of the issues. Despite the possibility that the COVID epidemic would make the problem

deteriorate in 2020, the strategy remains in development with numerous programs and

guidelines being introduced and adopted by ASEAN nations. The region that is tranquil,

safe, and stable is the second component. There are four main parts to this figure. The

ability to successfully address non-traditional security challenges is the first. These issues

include cybercrime, illegal drugs, unfettered movement of people, human trafficking,

antiterrorism, world financial crime, and embezzlement. Next, conflicts and disagreements

should be resolved peacefully in conformity with the ASEAN Charter and the tenets of civil

conventions by refraining from the use or threat of force and by establishing nonviolent

dispute settlement procedures. As well as being enhanced, efforts at preventive diplomacy

and conflict resolution should also be made to develop confidence. We may observe ASEAN

efforts in Myanmar's internal conflict over the ethnic cleansing of Rohingya people, where

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nonviolent talks are being conducted to address the matter and draw attention to how the

country has violated the ASEAN charter.

Last, in 2021, the ASEAN summit will not include the president of Myanmar in an effort

to protest the nation's breach of both the charter's core non-interference principle. Third,

support global initiatives for nuclear disarmament, non-proliferation, and benign uses of

power while preserving Southeast Asia's status as a region devoid of nuclear weapons as

well as other weapons of mass destruction. The SEANWFZ Commission is in charge of

monitoring the SEANWFZ Treaty's execution and making sure that one's guidelines are

adhered to. The Commission deals with significant policy issues pertaining to non-

proliferation and disarmament, nuclear security, safety, and safeguards, as well as actions to

increase the Treaty's visibility just at UN. Eventually, the ASEAN's Zone of Peace, Freedom,

and Neutrality is introduced (ZOPFAN). Nuclear disarmament refers to the decrease or

elimination of nuclear weapons. It might also be the ultimate state of a nuclear-weapons-free

world, where all nuclear weapons have indeed been completely eliminated. The final point

relates to maritime. ASEAN increases maritime security and promotes cooperation and

collaboration in the ASEAN region and beyond by creating ASEAN-led procedures and

putting into practice internationally recognized maritime accords and principles. The South

China Sea is one of the maritime domain concerns covered by the ASEAN Maritime Forum

(AMF). In order to promote a stable and peaceful environment there, China and ASEAN

Member States signed the South China Sea Declaration on the Conduct of Parties (DOC) in

2002.

3.2 ASEAN Economic Community (AEC).

There are plans for economic integration in the plan for the ASEAN Economic Community. It

has made a clear plan based on the ideas of an open, outward-looking, comprehensive, and

market-driven economy in order to reach an economic goal set for the year 2025.

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3.3 ASEAN Socio Cultural Community (ASCC).

Leaders from the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) signed the

Declaration of ASEAN Concord II (Bali Concord II) on October 7, 2003 in Indonesia, with the

goal of creating an ASEAN Community by 2020. The leaders of ASEAN reiterated their

commitment to forming the ASEAN Community by 2015 during the 12th ASEAN Summit,

which took place on January 13, 2007, in Cebu, Philippines. They declared their

determination to speed up the construction of the ASEAN Community by signing the Cebu

Declaration on the Acceleration of an ASEAN Community by 2015, which they want to do by

the year 2015. The ASCC Blueprint was agreed upon at the 13th ASEAN Summit, held in

Singapore on November 20th, 2007. This was done to ensure that real steps are taken to

help launch a unified ASEAN culture and society (ASCC).

3.3.1 CHARACTERISTICS AND ELEMENTS

Goal Characteristics and features of the ASCC include openness, longevity,

toughness, and vitality. The two main points of this study are: The ASEAN Community must

first prioritise its people. To promote awareness and maintain caring ASEAN societies, it

places an emphasis on multi-sector and multi-stakeholder engagements, such as dialogue

and development partners, sub-regional organisations, local governments, and provinces.

This document is intended to persuade municipal governments to adopt ASEAN community

development initiatives. This characteristic was most prominent in initiatives aimed at

increasing public awareness and enhancing citizens' abilities. Capacity building, human

resource development, and participation in ASEAN are all ways in which an act of character

improves the public sector. It promotes anti-discrimination legislation and regulations as well

as gender parity and the advancement of women. A sense of ASEAN unity is bolstered by

this element. It fosters a sense of community, strengthens the bond between members of the

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Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), and promotes a better understanding of

each nation's history, religion, and way of life. In 2018, ASEAN pushed for the establishment

of sustainable cultural prevention as a cornerstone and cutting-edge method of achieving

sustainable social and human development. The resolution, in keeping with the ASEAN

motto "One Vision, One Identity, One Community," stresses respect for all cultures and

religions in order to prevent acts of bigotry, inequality, and exclusion. As stated in the plan,

the ASCC must become a more welcoming place for all people in order to realise the vision

of the ASEAN Community 2025. With a life-cycle approach and rights-based principles

guiding the promotion of ASEAN policies and programmes in the ASCC Pillar, we can

ensure that all ASEAN citizens have equal access to opportunities and that women, children,

youth, the elderly, persons with disabilities, migrant workers, ethnic minority groups, and

vulnerable and marginalised groups are protected at every stage of their lives. As a result,

human rights are promoted and protected while also having barriers to entry reduced. Since

ASEAN's inception, a number of legislation and regulations have altered the privileges of

migrant labour. In addition, ASEAN established the Consensus on the Protection and

Promotion of Migrant Workers' Rights and Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) as

guidelines for lowering the number of fatal workplace accidents and improving working

conditions. This is beneficial and secures the future of American employees abroad. More

channels for promoting equal opportunity for women, young people, and individuals with

disabilities can help break down existing barriers. More girls than boys in the primary school

age range attended school in ASEAN countries between 2010 and 2019, and more women

than men serve in parliaments in these countries. Increases in the middle class and the local

labour force have been linked to higher levels of education and student enrolment.

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4.0 CONCLUSION

To sum up, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is continuing to

depend on the three pillars of the ASEAN community despite its efforts to ensure a better

future for the international organisation that has been so beneficial to ASEAN members.

Despite widespread agreement that

Despite widespread agreement that a strong regional institution is desirable, others

worry that its rise might threaten their own political influence and standing. The advantages

of ASEAN to its members need to be underlined if regional integration is to be successful. It

is important that the impacts of ASEAN be visible and palpable to the public. ASEAN should

work toward becoming a "community of action" that can react swiftly and forcefully to internal

and external threats, violations of human rights and fundamental freedoms, and other issues

that impact the governments and peoples of its member states. For the ASEAN Community

to really become a "community of people," in which all citizens have the same opportunities

for social and economic advancement, judicial fairness, and democratic participation, several

major changes need to be implemented.

Keeping the Association of Southeast Asian Nations at peace and secure is the

primary goal of the ASEAN Political-Security Community (APSC) (ASEAN). The main goal of

the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) is to turn ASEAN into a prosperous, peaceful

region where poverty and economic disparities are reduced. The ASEAN SocioCultural

Community (ASCC) seeks to foster the development of an ASEAN Community that is

people-oriented and ethically conscious. Beyond that, ASCC manages the dissemination of

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information that periodically increases people's quality of life by encouraging a culture of

cooperation.

References

https://asean.org/asean-2025-at-a-glance/

https://asean.org/asean-2025-at glance/#:~:text=1.,Lumpur%20on

%2022%20November%202015

https://asean.org/wp-content/uploads/images/archive/5187-19.pdf

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