CBSE-XII-2017 EXAMINATION CBSE-XII-2017 EXAMINATION

SET-1 CHEMISTRY
Series GBM Paper & Solution Code: 56/1
GM 3 Hrs.
Time: Max. Marks: 70

General Instructions:
(i) All questions are compulsory.
(ii) Questions number 1 to 5 are very short answer questions and carry 1 mark each.
(iii) Questions 6 to 10 are short answer questions and carry 2 marks each.
(iv) Question number 11 to 22 are also short-answer questions and carry 3 marks each.
(v) Question number 23 is a value based questions and carry 4 marks.
(vi) Question number 24 to 26 are long-answer questions and carry 5 marks each.
(vii) Use Log Tables, if necessary. Use of calculators is not allowed.

1. Write the formula of the compound of phosphorus which is obtained when conc. HNO 3 oxidizes P4.
Solution:
H3PO4 (phosphoric acid)
P4 + 20HNO3   4H3PO4 + 20NO2 + 4H2O

2. Write the IUPAC name of the following compound:

Solution:

3. What is the effect of adding a catalyst on

(a) Activation energy (Ea), and
(b) Gibbs energy (  G) of a reaction?
Solution: (a) Catalyst provides a new reaction pathway in which a lower activation is offered. Hence
catalyst increased rate of reaction by lowering the activation energy.
(b) Gibbs free energy will remain same as for catalyzed & unanalyzed reaction, the equilibrium constant is
not affected which is a function of Gibbs free energy.

4. Out of the and which is an example of allylic halide?

Solution:

www.vedantu.com 1 / 14
 CBSE-XII-2017 EXAMINATION

5. What type of colloid is formed when a liquid is dispersed in a solid? Give an example.
Solution:
“The colloid formed when a liquid is dispersed in a solid is gel for example: - Cheese, butter etc”

6. (a) Arrange the following compounds in the increasing order of their acid strength :
P-cresol, p-nitrophenol, phenol
(b) Write the mechanism (using curved arrow notation) of the following reaction:

CH2  CH2 
H3O
CH3  CH2  H2O
OR
Write the structures of the products when Butan-2-ol reacts with the following:
(a) CrO3
(b) SOCl2
Solution:
(a) The order of increasing acid strength is

Reason: -
Since the –NO2 group is (–M) group so it withdraw the e– density from benzene. A stabilized the conjugate
Base of para nitrophenol so “higher the stability of conjugate base more will be the reactivity of
corresponding acids” while in case of cresol +H effect of Methyl group destabilised conjugate base.
(b) Mechanism: -

7. Calculate the number of unit cells in 8.1 g of aluminum if it crystallizes in a face-centered cubic (f.c.c.)
structure. (Atomic mass of Al = 27 g mol-1)
Mass
Solution: Moles of aluminum =
Molecular mass
8.1
n Al   0.3 moles
2.7
We know that one unit of f.c.c., No. of atoms = 4

www.vedantu.com 2 / 14
 CBSE-XII-2017 EXAMINATION

4 - atoms are found in unit cell = 1

1 - atoms are found in unit cell = 1/4
(1 mole) NA atoms are found in unit cell = N A/4
N
0.3 moles atoms are found in unit cell  A  0.3
4
 .075  NA

8. Draw the structures of the following:

(a) H2SO3
(b) HClO3
Solution:
Structure of the following compound: -
(a) H2SO3:

(b) HClO3

9. Write the name of the cell which is generally used in hearing aids. Write the reactions taking place at the
anode and the cathode of this cell.
Solution:
The Mercury cell are used in the hearing aids which consist of zinc-mercury amalgam as anode and a paste
of Hgo and carbon at the cathode.
Reaction occur at the 2-electrode: -
anode: Zn(Hg)  2OH  ZnO( g)  H2O  2e
cathode: HgO  H2O  2e 
Hg(l )  2OH

10. Using IUPAC norms write the formulae for the following:
(a) Sodium dicyanidoaurate (I)
(b) Tetra ammine chloridonitrito-N-platinum (IV) sulphate
Solution:
(a) Sodium dicyanidoaurate (I)
Na [Au(CN)2]
(b) Tetraammine chloridonitrito-N-platinum (IV) sulphate
[Pt (NH3)4Cl(NO2)](SO4)2

11. (a) Based on the nature of intermolecular forces, classify the following solids: Silicon carbide, Argon

www.vedantu.com 3 / 14
 CBSE-XII-2017 EXAMINATION

(b) ZnO turns yellow on heating. Why?

(c) What is meant by groups 12-16 compounds? Give an example.
Solution:
(a) On the basis of intermolecular forces: -
(i) Silicon carbide: - Covalent or network solid (Covalent Bonding)
(ii) Argon: - Non-polar molecular solid which possess dispersion or London forces.
(b) Zinc oxide is white in color at room temperature. On heating it loses oxygen & turns yellow

ZnO   Zn 2  1/2O2  2e
the excess Zn+2 ions move to interstitial sites and the electron to neighboring interstitial sites.
(c) Some of the compound like Zns, CdSe and HgTe are example of group 12 – 16 compound.
In these compound bonds are having same ionic character along with covalent.

12. (a) The cell in which the following reaction occurs :

2Fe3 (aq)  2I  (aq)  2Fe2 (aq)  I 2 (s)
has Ecell = 0.236 V at 298 K. Calculate the standard Gibbs energy of the cell reaction.
(Given: 1F = 96,500 C mol-1)
(b) How many electrons flow through a metallic wire if a current of 0.5 A is passed for 2 hours?
(Given 1 F = 96,500 C mol-1)
Solution:
(a) The two half-cell reaction for the cell are: -
2Fe3 (aq)  2e   2Fe2 (reduction)
2I  
 I 2  2e (Oxidation)
So the no of e  transfer during reaction = 2
So,
 r G  nF E cell
 (2 mol)  (96500 mol1 )  (.236 V )
 45548 CV
or
 r G  45548J or  45.55KJ
(b) Charge (Q) passed  Current (I)  Time (t)  (0.5A)  (2  60  60 s)
 (3600) Ampere Sec.  3600 C
No of electrons flowing through the wire on passing charge of one faraday (96500C) = 6.023 × 10 23 So the
no. of electrons flowing through the wire on passing a charge of 3600C
6.022 1023  (3600C)
  2.246 1022 “no. of electron”
(96500C)

13. (a) What type of isomerism is shown by the complex [Co(NH3)5 (SCN)]2+?
(b) Why is [NiCl4]2- paramagnetic while [Ni(CN)4]2- is diamagnetic?
(Atomic number of Ni = 28)
(c) Whey are low spin tetrahedral complexes rarely observed?
Solution:

www.vedantu.com 4 / 14
 CBSE-XII-2017 EXAMINATION

(a) The complex [Co(NH3)5 (SCN)]2+ exhibit the linkage isomerism.

(b) In both [NiCl4]2- & [Ni(CN)4]2- the nickel is in +2 o.s. and having configuration 3d8 and it contain 2
unpaired e  but CN is a strong ligand compare to Cl so it repel the e  density of metal ion because of
which e  get paired in case of [Ni(CN)4]-2 hence it is diamagnetic in nature.
(c) “The low spin complex rarely observed in tetrahedral as energy gap between the two energy level eg: -
eg & t2g in tetrahedral complex are very low. Because of which electron always go to higher states avoiding
pairing”.

14. Write one difference in each of the following:

(a) Multimolecular colloid and associated colloid
(b) Coagulation and Peptization
(c) Homogeneous catalysis and Heterogeneous catalysis.
OR
(a) Write the dispersed phase and dispersion medium of milk.
(b) Write one similarity between physisorption and chemisorption.
(c) Write the chemical method by which Fe (OH) 3 sol is prepared from FeCl3.
Solution:
(a) “Multimolecular collidal solution consist of aggregates of atoms or small molecules with diameter of less
than 1 nm eg: - gold sol etc”
Macromolecular collides are those in which dispersed particles are themselves large molecules of colloidal
dimensions eg: - cellulose etc.
(b) “Coagulation is the change in the state from colloidal to suspended of colloidal particles”
“Conversion of precipitate into colloidal sol by shaking it with dispersion medium in presence of an
electrolyte.
(c) “Homogenous catalysis are reaction in which reactant and catalyst are in same phase”
“Netrogenous catalysis are reaction in which reactant and catalyst are in different phase”.
OR
(a) Both the dispersed phase & dispersion medium of milk are liquid. “It is an example of emulsion”.
(b) Both the physisoption & chemisorption are the surface phenomena occur at the surface of adsorbent.
(c) Chemical method for preparation of Fe (OH) 3 Solution: -
Reaction involved: -
FeCl3  3H2O Hydrolysis
Fe(OH)3  3HCl
(Sol)

“In this method the hydrolysis of Ferric chloride occur by which molecule then aggregate and lead to the
formation ferric hydroxide colloidal sol”

15. A first order reaction takes 20 minutes for 25% decomposition. Calculate the time when 75% of the
reaction will be completed.
(Given: log 2 = 0.3010, log 3 = 0.4771, log 4 = 0.6021)
Solution:
It is given: - (for 1st order reaction)
t = 20 min
AO = 100%

www.vedantu.com 5 / 14
 CBSE-XII-2017 EXAMINATION

A = 100 – 25  75%
k =?
1
K   2.303log AO /A
t
1 100
 K   2.303log
20 75
1
K   2.303  log (1.33)
20
1
  2.303  0.1248  k  .0143 min 1
20
So for 75% completion of reaction: -
1 A
t  2.303  log O
k A
1 100 1
  2.303  log   2.303  0.6021  96.96min.
0.0143 25 0.0143

16. The following compounds are given to you:

2-Bromopentane, 2-Bromo-2-methylbutane, 1-Bromopentane
(a) Write the compound which is most reactive towards S N2 reaction.
(b) Write the compound which is optically active.
(c) Write the compound which is most reactive towards  -elimination reaction.
Solution:
(a) The compound most reactive towards SN2 reaction: -
CH3–CH2–CH2–CH2–CH2–Br
1-Bromopentane
(b) The compound which is optically active: -

(c) The compound which is most reactive towards  -elimination reaction is

17. Write the principle of the following:

(a) Zone refining
(b) Froth floatation process
(c) Chromatography

www.vedantu.com 6 / 14
 CBSE-XII-2017 EXAMINATION

Solution:
(a) Zone refining: -
It is used to obtain metal of high purity. It is based on the principal that the impurities are more soluble in
molten state than in the solid state.
(b) Froth floatation process: -
It is used to concentrate sulphide ore. It is based on the fact that the mineral. Particles become wet by oil
while a gangue particles by water. A rotating paddle agitates the mixture and draws air in it. As a result froth
is formed which carries the mineral particles.
(c) Chromatography: -
It is based on the principle that different component of a mixture are differently adsorbed on an adsorbent.
The adsorbed component are removed by using suitable solvents.

18. Write the structures of compounds A, B and C in the following reactions:

NH3 /  CHCl3  alc. KOH
(a) CH3  COOH   A 
Br2 / KOH ( aq )
 B  C
CH3COCl  pyridine
(b) C6 H5 N2 BF4 
NaNO2 / Cu

 A 
Fe / HCl
B  C
Solution:

19. Write the structures of the monomers used for getting the following polymers:
(a) Nylon-6, 6
(b) Melamine-formaldehyde polymer
(c) Buna-S
Solution:
(a) Nylon-6, 6
NH2  (CH2 )6  NH2 COOH  (CH2 )4  COOH
hexamethylene dia mine adapic acid

(b) Melamine-formaldehyde polymer

(c) Buna-S

20. Define the following:

www.vedantu.com 7 / 14
 CBSE-XII-2017 EXAMINATION

(a) Anionic detergents

(b) Limited spectrum antibiotics
(c) Antiseptics
Solution:
(a) Anionic detergents
These are sodium salt of sulphonated long chain alcohols or hydrocarbon eg: - Sodium dodecyl benzene
Sulphonate.
Eg:

(b) Limited spectrum antibiotics

The antibiotics which kill or inhibit a short range of gram-positive or gram negative bacteria are known as
narrow spectrum antibiotics" but if they are effective against a single organism or disease, they are referred
as" limited spectrum antibiotics".
(c) Antiseptics
“The chemical that kill microorganism and are not harmful to living Tissues. eg: - Dettol, Tincture of iodine
etc.”

21. Give reasons for the following:

(a) Red phosphorus is less reactive than white phosphorus.
(b) Electron gain enthalpies of halogens are largely negative.
(c) N2O5 is more acidic than N2O3.
Solution:
(a) Red phosphorus are less reactive than white phosphorus as the white phosphorous posses angle strain in
the P4 molecule where the angle are only 60 & also they have low M.P.”
(b) Electron gain enthalpy of halogen are largely negativity it is due to the fact that they have high effective
nuclear charge & smallest size among period. Although they contain 7 e  in valence shell & required one
electron to attain their nearest noble gas configuration.
(c) N2O5 is more acidic then N2O3 as in N2O5 the N is in +5 O.S. while in N2O3 it is in +3 O.S.
So higher the oxidation state of central atom in a given oxide, higher will be acidic character"

22. Give reasons for the following:

(a) Acetylation of aniline reduces its activation effect.
(b) CH3NH2 is more basic than C6H5NH2.
(c) Although –NH2 is o/p directing group, yet aniline on nitration gives a significant amount of m-nitro
aniline.
Solution: (a)

www.vedantu.com 8 / 14
 CBSE-XII-2017 EXAMINATION

Reason: -
"Reactivity of aromatic amine is very high so when acetylation aniline occur with acid anhydride it get
convert into acetanilide in which L.P on Nitrogen are in conjugate with oxygen atom due to resonance hence
the reactivity reduce"
(b) CH3–NH2 is more basic then C6H5–NH2 Because In case of aniline the L.P of –NH2 (amino group) are in
conjugation with benzene ring due to which e– density less available on N-atom hence higher the "electron
density on N-atom more will be the basicity."

(c) "–NH2 group of aniline is ortho-para directing group but on nitration it also give meta product as the
aromatic amine (aniline) is highly reactive and it react with acidic hydrogen of nitrating agent and form
anilinium ion which gives meta product".

23. After watching a programmer on TV about the presence of carcinogens (cancer causing agents)
Potassium bromate and Potassium iodate in bread and other bakery products, Rupali a Class XII student
decided to make others aware about the adverse effects of these carcinogens in foods. She consulted the
school principal and requested him to instruct the canteen contractor to stop selling sandwiches, pizzas,
burgers and other bakery products to the students. The principal took an immediate action and instructed the
canteen contractor to replace the bakery products with some protein and vitamin rich food like fruits, salads,
sprouts, etc. The decision was welcomed by the parents and the students.
After reading the above passage, answer the following questions:
(a) What are the values (at least two) displayed by Rupali?
(b) Which polysaccharide component of carbohydrates is commonly present in bread?
(c) Write the two types of secondary structures of proteins.
(d) Give two examples of water soluble vitamins.
Solution:

www.vedantu.com 9 / 14
 CBSE-XII-2017 EXAMINATION

(a) The value displaced by rupali are-

(i) Awareness regarding about the adverse effect of these carcinogens in foods.
(ii) She is concern for the health and has feeling of humanity.
(b) The polysaccharide component of carbohydrates is commonly by present in bread is starch.
(c) "The two types of secondary structure of proteins are  -helix  -Sheet"
(d) "Vitamins B & C are water soluble vitamin"

24. (a) Account for the following :

(i) Transition metals show variable oxidation states.
(ii) Zn, Cd and Hg are soft metals.
(iii) Eº value for the Mn3+/Mn2+ couple is highly positive (+1.57 V) as compared to Cr 3+/Cr2+.
(b) Write one similarity and one difference between the chemistry of lanthanoid and actinoid elements.
OR
(a) Following are the transition metal ions of 3d series:
Ti4+, V2+, Mn3+, Cr3+
(Atomic numbers: Ti = 22, V = 23, Mn = 25, Cr = 24)
Answer the following:
(i) Which ion is most stable in an aqueous solution and why?
(ii) Which ion is a strong oxidising agent and why?
(iii) Which ion is colourless and why?
(b) Complete the following equations:
(i) 2MnO4  16H  5S2  
(ii) KMnO4 
heat

Solution: (a)
(i) In case of transition element ns and (n – 1)d electron both participate in bonding due to less energy
difference when ns electron take part in bonding they exhibit lower oxidation state while in case of higher
O.S. (n – 1)d and ns e  both involve in bonding.
(ii) Transition element are hard & have high M.P & B.P. as they exhibit two types of bonding both covalent
and metallic due to which constituent particles are tightly packed while group 12 element (Zn, Cd, Hg) do
not exhibit covalency bonding as their (n – 1) d is fully filled so they are soft.
(iii) Eº value for the Mn+3/Mn+2 is high due to the fact that Mn+2 (d5) more stable due to half-filled
configuration while low for chromium due to stability of Cr +3, therefore Cr+3 cannot reduce to Cr+2.
(b) Similarity: -
* "Both series element exhibit mainly +3 oxidation state"
* Both show magnetic and spectral properties.
Difference: -
Lanthanoids Actinoids
* Less tendency of complex formation High tendency of complex formation
* Do not form oxo cations Form oxo cations eg: - UO2+2 etc.
OR
(a)

www.vedantu.com 10 / 14
 CBSE-XII-2017 EXAMINATION

(i) Stability of ions in aq state depends on the electrode potential because the stability of ion in aq solution
depend on electrode potential due to small size Cr +3 is more stable.
(ii) Mn+3 is the strong oxidising agent as the Mn+2 is more stable then Mn+3 due to its half-filled
configuration
(iii) Ti+4 is colourless ion it due to d0 configuration of the ion as if do not contain electron for the
excitation.
(b) Complete the following reactions :
(i) 2MnO4  16H   5S 2   2Mn2  8H 2O  5s
(ii) 2KMnO4 
heat
K2 MnO4  MnO2  O2 

25. (a) A 10% solution (by mass) of sucrose in water has a freezing point of 269.15 K. Calculate the freezing
point of 10% glucose in water if the freezing point of pure water is 273.15 K.
Given:
(Molar mass of sucrose = 342 g mol-1)
(Molar mass of glucose = 180 g mol-1)
(b) Define the following terms:
(i) Molality (m)
(ii) Abnormal molar mass
OR
-1
(a) 30 g of urea (M = 60 g mol ) is dissolved in 846 g of water. Calculate the vapour pressure of water for
this solution if vapour pressure of pure water at 298 K is 23.8 mm Hg.
(b) Write two differences between ideal solutions and non-ideal solutions.
Solution:
(a) It is given that
Mass of sucrose (w) = 10g
Mass of water = 90g
Molecular weight of sucrose = 342 g/mol
Molecular weight of water = 18 g/mol
So  tf = kf m
t f  t(solvent)  t(solution)
 tf = 273.15 – 269.15 = 4
10 1000 1000
So m =    .325
90 342 3070
4
So t f  k f m  k f   12.30
.325
So for glucose: -
10  1000
t f  k f  m  12.3   7.7
180  90
t f  t(solvent)  t(solution)
So t(solution)  273.15  7.7  265.45k
(b) (i) Molality (m): -
It is defined as the number of moles of solute per kilogram of the solvent.

www.vedantu.com 11 / 14
 CBSE-XII-2017 EXAMINATION

(ii) Abnormal molar mass: -

When the substance undergo association or dissociation in the solution, molecular mass determine from
colligative property is different from expected value. This is abnormal molecular mass.
OR
(a)
Urea (w) = 30 g H2O(w) = 846 g
Urea (M.w) = 60 g/mol. H2O(M.w.) = 18 g/mol.
P  Ps
So  x2
P
23.8  Ps W(urea )  M .w.( H 2 O )

23.8 M .w.(urea)  W( H 2 O )
23.8  Ps 30 18
 
23.8 60 846
23.8  Ps  .0106  23.8
23.8  Ps  .2531
So Ps  23.8  .2530
 23.54 mm of Hg
(b) Ideal solution Non-ideal solution
(i) Obey rault's law at every They do not obey rault's law
range of concentration
(ii) Neither the heat is Heat is evolve or absorbed
absorbed or evolve during during dissolution.
dissolution

26. (a) Write the product(s) in the following reactions :

(b) Give simple chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds:
(i) Butanal and Butan-2-one
(ii) Benzoic acid and Phenol
OR
(a) Write the reactions involved in the following:
(i) Etard reaction
(ii) Stephen reduction
(b) How will you convert the following in not more than two steps:
(i) Benzoic acid to Benzaldehyde
(ii) Acetophenone to Benzoic acid

www.vedantu.com 12 / 14
 CBSE-XII-2017 EXAMINATION

(iii) Ethanoic acid to 2-Hydroxyethanoic acid

Solution: (a) Product of following reactions:

(b) Test to distinguish following compound are -

(i) Butanal and Butan-2-one
These compound can be distinguish by Tollen's reagent: -
* CH3CH2CH2CHO 2[Ag(NH3 )2 ]  3OH   CH3CH2CH2COO  2Ag  4NH3  2H2O
Bu tan al Tollens reagent Bu tanoate ion silver
mirror

* CH3COCH2CH3 
Tollen's
Reagent
 No silver mirror
Butan-2-one

(ii) Benzoic acid and phenol: -

Both can distinguished by FeCl3 test
* C6H5OH+FeCl3   violet colouration
Phenol

 3C6H5COOH + FeCl3 
(C6H5COO)2Fe+3HCl
Benzoic acid ferricbenzoate
(Buff colouredp.p.t)

(a) Reactions involve: -

(i) Etard reaction

(ii) Stephen reduction: -

(b) Conversion: -
(i) Benzoic acid to Benz aldehyde

(ii) Acetophenone to Benzoic acid

www.vedantu.com 13 / 14
 CBSE-XII-2017 EXAMINATION

(iii) Ethanoic acid to 2-Hydroxyethanoic acid

www.vedantu.com 14 / 14