SUDHANANDA VIDYALAYA
NACHIPUR, BHATAPATANA, CUTTACK-752115
BIOLOGY PROJECT
Presented By =
Name : Bhobit Subham Dash
Class : XI
Roll No:
Teacher :CERTIFICATE
Class: XII
Name:
Roll No: Exam No:
Institution: Sudhananda Vidyalaya, Nachipur,Bhatapatana,
Cuttack-752115
This is certified to be the bonafide work of the student in the
Laboratory during the academic
year.
No. of practicals certified.
of... In the subject of.......
Teacher In-charge
Examiner's Signature Principal
Date... Institution Rubber Stamp
(1.8: The candidate is expected to retain his/her journal til he\she passes in the subject.)ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
| undertook this Project Work as the part of my Biology Course. | had tried to
apply my best of knowledge is generally quite complex and time consumin#
process. It requires a Systematic study, insight vision and professional
approach at the time of doing this project Moreover, ‘the person always feels
the need, the help and good wishes of the people near you , who have
considerably experience and idea
| would like to extent my sincere vote of thanks and gratitude to my teacher
Lam very much thankful to our Principal for giving valuable
time and moral support to complete this project.
| would like to take the opportunity to extent my sinegre thanks and gratitude
to my parents for being a source of inspiration and providing time and freedom
to complete this project,
project work.
{also feel indebted to my friends for individual suggestion durin
Class XllCONTENT
“INTRODUCTION
“How cigarette affect your health
“Dangerous chemical in tobacco smoke
“Etfect of smoking tobacco on body
“Elfect of smoking on the body
“Effect of smoking on the sexual organs
“Disease caused by long term smoking
“How to quit smoking
“BibliographyaT
INTRODUCTION
Like most people, you already know t!
But do you really understand just how
Tob
ease and pre
know that out of a group of 1000 smokers (age 30) beta metret
‘hem (250!) will die of smoking-related illnesses prior to completing middle
age an additional quarter will die prematurely from smoking-related
linesses shortly after retirement age, and another large group will develop
debilitating chronic illnesses as a result of their smoking? Most people don't
know the odds of getting sick as a result of smoking are really that bad, but
when you do the numbers, that is how they come out. For many people.
‘ruly understanding the very real dangers associated with smoking
becomes the motivating factor that helps them to quit.
Although it can be a very difficult habit to break, smoking is ultimately a
choice. it is your responsibility to choose whether or not you will continue to
smoke. This article provides a brief synopsis of the risks associated with
smoking, an overview of nicotine addiction, including why its so difficult to
give up smoking, and an outline of the advantages and disadvantages of
quiting Once you have decided to quit, you will benefit from the information
in this article about the physiological, psychological, and behavioral aspects
of nicotine addiction; the different methods available fo help you quit; and
the steps you can take to make the process easier. Learning about and
understanding the many facets of the smoking habit can put you on the
right track to successful smoking cessationDangerous chemicals in t
lobacco smi
joke
Highly damaging components oft
: obacco smok
e include
+ tar—is the word for the g
Olid partic
The partich les Suspended it SK
rsa cen ecg es
( Ir is sticky al .
and lung tissue Y and brown, and stains teeth, fingernails
carbon monoxide - 7
colourle: 'S @ poisonous gas. It is odourless and
colourless and. in large doses, quickly causes death b
the place of oxygen in th e Snekas tretecbon
the place of oxya blood. In people who smoke, the carbon
noxide in their blood makes it harder for oxygen to get to their
organs and muscles .
+ oxidizing chemicals ~ are highly reactive chemicals that can
damage the heart muscles and blood vessels of people who smoke.
They react with cholesterol, leading to the build-up of fatty material on
artery walls. Their actions lead to heart disease, stroke and blood
vessel disease :
+ metals — tobacco smoke contains several metals that cause cancer,
including arsenic, berylium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, lead and
nickel
. radioactive compounds ~ tobacco smoke, ¢
compounds that are known to be carcinogenic.
ontains radioactive
Effects of smoking tobacco on the body
nhaling tobacco smoke causes damage to many of the body's organs and
systems.
Effects of smoking
.o smoke on the respira
rynx. (voice BOX)
Se due to swelling and
‘ mucus in the lung
on the respiratory system
ory system include’
The effects of tobace'
an
+ irritation of the trachea (wing
reduced lung function ane
narrowing of the lung a
passages 7 2 system, I
e aren of the lungs clearance rane
Poisonous substances, which res
id-up of
leading to the bul
ritation and damage
iid lstacts of smoking on th
eu Circulato;
Ty-system
Ve air sacs of th
of the lungs,
smoke on the circ
On the circulatory system incl
ude
pressure and heart rate
ightening) of blood ve
J) Of blood vessel
temperatu vessels in the skin, 1
d by the blood during exercise
1 is more prone to clotting
the lining of the which is thought to be a
to atherosclerosis (the build-up of fatty deposts a
xtremities (fingers and toes)
ke and heart attack due to b
ages of the
ects of smoking on the immune system
f tobacco smoke on the immune system include:
infections such as pneumonia and influenza
sting illnesses
antioxidants
susceptibility to i
evere and longer-la
et levels of protective
od
cts of smoking on the musculoskeletal system
| system
fects of tobacco smoke on the musculoskeletal ys
(euch as vitamin C), 1° the
include:
* tightening of certain muscles
* teduced bone density
¢ sexual organs
8cts of smoking On th
Sancots of tobacco smoke o pos
Fo noké id
N the male Body includ
8 an increased r
isk
jower sperm count
niger percentage of deft
genetic damage to sparta sperm
| jmpotence, which may be d
d ue tothe
and damage to the blood vessels ae sapoa 9 0n,blood flow
geffects of tobacco smoke on the female body include:
, reduced fertility, mer
, menstrual cycle irregul
Sse: ycle irregularities, or absence of
. menopause reached one or {wo years earlier *
+ increased risk of cancer of the cervix
«greatly increased risk of stroke and heart attack ifthe person who
smokes is aged over 35 yeas ad taking he oral contraceptive pill
g on the body
e on the body include:
ner effects of smokin
der effects of tobacco smok
fon of the stomach and intestines
mmation of
irtation and inflate cers along the digestive tract
+ increased risk ¢
. reduced ability (os! la hee
" premature wi ink nds
ind
- hated Fperosortt
+ gum diseass E
ing on babies
smoking onan unborn baby include
i
Effects of 57
ternal
T of ma :
he effects ae _mscartiage,stilbith and premature birth
se ri
ung? which may have a lastin« effect of
ae ae effect of the growth and
“a birth weer nidren. Low birth weight is associated with an
Seven mak of peart disease, high blood pressure, and diabetes in
2
of ger of lett palate and cleft Ip
incre
er
incre
auth
increincreased risk of
attentior Al
N deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
( )
jesive smoking (exposure
g of the non.
woke) can also harm the fetus, on-emeking imolht}z second-hand
3 parent continu
Pa eyed es to amar during their baby's first year of life, the child
sk of ear infections, respiratory iiiesses such 2s
monia and bronchitis, sudden une» le infancy (SUDI) and
: unexpect
me a pected death in infancy (SUD!)
Diseases caused by long-term smoking
4 person who smokes throughout their life is at high risk of developing @
ge of potentially lethal diseases, including: .
cancer of the lung, mouth, noS5, larynx, tongue, nasal sinus
Sesophagus, throat, pancreas, bone marrow (myeloid leukaemia)
adder, bowel and stomach
vary, ureter, liver, bladder
Kidney, 27% OVEN, “chronic bronchitis ‘and chronic obstructive
ln eas ides obstructive bronchiolitis and
‘ase, which includes
pulmonary dise
emphysema s
se and stro!
«heart diseF igestve Sere
ulcers of the S195 ip fracture
and hiP 1 eet and hands, which can lead to pain and
nin
circulator ‘and amputationHow to quit smoking
cond-hand smoke are responsible for more
use and exposure to set
fo the
ths each year in the United States, according t
000 de
ican Lung Association:
health risks that arise from cigarette
e numerous
o be the leading cause of
continues t
disease’ in the US.
on one day;
ality and duration of your
ist people are aware of th
ooking and yet, “tobacco use
aentable death and
- jis a journey.
ta single event that happens
ur health and the qu
round you
smoking is no
{| improve Y°
f those 4!
quitting, you W!
the lives
ope with the
®,as well aS
it you also need
ur behavior and ci
eed to alter YO
cout nicotine, but
loquit smoking, YOU not only
oF ex' rienced from cutting
ath toms
drawal syMP! your moods:
bfind other ways f°
reak free from
‘le smo}
king cessation.
lan, you cam
Se ve ways to tack
With the right 92™
re fis
he nabitfar goody aDECLERATION
| do hereby declare that this project report entitled “HOW CIGARETTE AFFECT
YOUR HEALTH” submitted by me to
partial fulfillment of the requirement for the a2”
CASE Biology project work carried out by me under the guidance of
Further declare that the work reported in this project has been done
successfully and submitted to the Management.
Class Xll