9

Health
Quarter 2-Module 4
Prevention of Substance
Used and Abuse
(Drug Scenario in the Philippines)

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 What I Know

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Read each of the following statements carefully. Write

only the letters of the correct answers in a separate sheet of paper. (Write your
Name, Grade, Section, Subject and Module Number)

1. What do you call a substances or chemicals when taken into the body either
though nasal, oral, transdermal, or intravenous way have psychological,
emotional, and behavioral effects on a person?
A. Drugs B. Drug Abuse C. Drug Dependence D. Drug Tolerance

2. In the Philippines these are the drugs that are commonly abused by users,
Except?
A. Shabu B. Marijuana C. Inhalants D. Cocaine

3. What cluster of physiological, behavioral, and cognitive phenomena of variable

intensity in which the use of a drug takes on a high priority thereby creating a
strong desire to take the substance?
A. Drug B. Drug misuse C. Drug Dependence D. Drug Tolerance

4. A condition of the body to adapt to the effects of substances to the body thus
requiring an even larger amount of the substance to experience the same
physiological and mental effect experienced when taking the smaller dosage.
A. Drug Abuse C. Drug misuse
B. Drug Dependence D. Drug Tolerance

5. What domains of life which affects drug use and abuse result into early
aggressive behavior?
A. Family B. Friends C. Personal D. School

6. Inconsistent family rules, family values and family ties are examples of risk
factors in what domains of life?
A. Family B. Friends C. Personal D. School

7. Alcohol and cigarettes are considered as what type of Drugs?

A. Narcotic B. Inhalants C. Stimulants D. Gateway Drug

8. This kind of drugs distorts reality and facts.

A. Inhalants B. Stimulants C. Hallucinogens D. Depressants

9. These drugs make patient’s feels sleepy and lightheaded.

A. Inhalants B. Stimulants C. Hallucinogens D. Depressants

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10. These drugs speed up a person's central nervous system.
A. Narcotic B. Gateway Drug C. Stimulants D. Inhalants

11. Which drugs makes the person relieve pain and induce sleepiness.
A. Narcotic B. Gateway Drug C. Stimulants D. Inhalants

12. What type of drugs that can be found in ordinary household chemical products
and anesthetics?
A. Inhalants B. Stimulants C. Hallucinogens D. Depressants

13. These are fact about drugs of abuse. Except

A. Drugs of abuse do not improve memory
B. Drugs of abuse remove life’s problems and worries
C. Drugs of abuse worsen life’s problems and worries.
D. Drugs of abuse do not heat up the body; instead, they make the body lose
heat faster than normal.

14.Which of the following is a myths and misconception about drugs of abuse?

A. Drugs of abuse do not improve memory
B. Drugs of abuse remove life’s problems and worries
C. Drugs of abuse worsen life’s problems and worries.
D. Drugs of abuse do not heat up the body; instead, they make the body
lose heat faster than normal.

15. Which of the following statement is NOT TRUE about drugs of abuse?
A. Drugs of abuse worsen life’s problems and worries.
B. Drugs of abuse remove life’s problems and worries.
C. Drugs of abuse are not the solution to problems and worries people
encounter
D. Drugs of abuse will only worsen the scenario and further add more
problems some of which are even harder to solve.

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About the Module
This module is designed to inform you about the present drug scenario in the
Philippines, the different classifications of drugs abuse and their harmful short-
term and long-term effects on the body. Common and informative terms
encountered in drug education are included. Signs and symptoms of drug use
and abuse among teenagers will also be tackled. You will also learn about the
effects of drug addiction to self, family, community, and the country as a whole.
Various strategies and techniques presented in this learner’s material will help to
prevent substance use and abuse. Furthermore, this material provides you with a
solid knowledge from which you may gain more information about prevention,
intervention, and healthy alternatives to avoid substance use and abuse.

The module will cover the Prevention of Substance Used and Abuse
(Drug Scenario in the Philippines).

• Lesson 1 – Drug Scenario in the Philippines

• Lesson 2 - The Risk and Protective Factors of Using Drugs

• Lesson 3- Drugs of Abuse

• Lesson 4- Myths, Misconceptions, Signs and Symptoms of Drug

Abuse

After going through this module, you will be able to:

1. Describe the drug scenario in the Philippines
2. Discuss risk and protective factors in substance use, and abuse
3. Analyze situations for the use and nonuse of psychoactive substances
4. Identify the types of drugs/substances of abuse
5. Correct myths and misconceptions about substance use and abuse
6. Recognize warning signs of substance use and abuse

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Lesson
Drug Scenario in the
1 Philippines

What I Need to Know

At the end of the lesson, you will be able to:
1. describe the drug scenario in the Philippines;
2. explain the concept of drug dependence, drug use, drug misuse and drug
abuse.
3. conduct a community survey about present drug scenario.

What’s In

Activity 1: Complete the Concept Map

List down some terms related to drugs scenario in the Philippines. Write your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.

Drugs

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 What’s New & What Is It?

THE DRUG SCENARIO IN THE PHILIPPINES

1. Substance use and abuse is a growing problem in the Philippines. According to
the International Narcotics Control Board (INCB), an international drug
monitoring agency, the Philippines is listed as one of the countries in Southeast
Asia where drug trafficking is growing in numbers.

2. In the Philippines, drug use and abuse is a social and health concern. Poverty
has become an increasing cause for involvement in the illegal drug trade.
Foreign drug syndicates take advantage and exploit the poor and use promises
of “easy money” to entice the people to serve as couriers and runners.
3. According to the 2012 statistics available in the Dangerous Drugs Board
Website, the most common type of substance of abuse among Filipinos are:
*Metamphetamine Hydrocholride (Shabu) *Cannabis (Marijuana) *Inhalants
(Contact Cement adhesive)

Substance Abuse by Filipino

MARIJUANA,
33.65

INHALANTS ,
4.82
SHABU, 81.36

SHABU MARIJUANA INHALANTS

Findings

Profile of Filipino Drug

Users Profile
Ratio of Users (male to 10:1
female):
Mean Age: 28 years old
Civil Status: Single (58.2%)
Employment Status: Unemployed
Educational Attainment: High School level
Average Monthly Household Php 16,290.80
Income:
Duration of Drug Use: 6 years and more
Residence: Urban areas
Nature of Drug Use: Poly-drug use (multiple drug
use)

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Common Drugs of Abuse Shabu (1st)
Used: Marijuana (2nd)
Inhalants (3rd)

FACTORS INFLUENCING SUBSTANCE USE AND ABUSE

• Lack of Parental supervision and support
• Strong peer pressure and curiosity

• Intense feelings of pleasure

• Relief from stress, anxiety, and depression
• Increased physical and cognitive performance

Common Concepts in Drug Education

The following are the usual words you will encounter in studying substance use
and abuse:
➢ Drugs are any substances or chemicals which when taken into the body
either though nasal, oral, transdermal, or intravenous way have
psychological, emotional, and behavioral effects on a person.
➢ Drugs of abuse are drugs commonly abused by users. In the Philippines the
three drugs of abuse are shabu, marijuana and inhalants.
➢ Drug dependence is a cluster of physiological, behavioral, and cognitive
phenomena of variable intensity in which the use of a drug takes on a high
priority thereby creating a strong desire to take the substance.
➢ Drug misuse is the use of a substance incoherent or inconsistent with the
prescribed dosage or frequency of use.
➢ Drug Abuse is the use of a substance for non-medicinal purposes. Abuse
leads to organ damage like brain damage and liver damage, addiction, and
troubled behavioral patterns.
➢ Drug tolerance is the condition of the body to adapt to the effects of
substances to the body thus requiring an even larger amount of the
substance to experience the same physiological and mental effect
experienced when taking the smaller dosage.

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 What I Have Learned

Activity 2: Key Drug Concepts

Fill in the necessary concepts about each term related to drugs, drug dependence,
and drug misuse. The first box is done for you as a sample. Write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.

Marijuana Drug Dependence Addiction Overdose

1. 1. 1.

Drug Misuse
Drugs

What I Can Do

Activity 4: Reflection Time

Write an essay in a short size bond paper about the present drug scenario in the
Philippines. Include ways on how the government and society combat drug
addiction. Limit your essay to 150 words.

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Lesson
The Risk and Protective
2 Factors of Using Drugs

What I Need to Know

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

1. explain risk and protective factors in substance use, and abuse;
2. analyze situations for the use and nonuse of psychoactive substances;
3. create an activities that could help them realized the effects of using drugs.

What’s In

Activity 1: Write it up.

In the previous lesson you were able to know the different concepts of drugs. On
the table below write down at least 5 possible Risk Factors and Protective factors
from using and abusing drugs. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

Risk Factors Protective Factors

(Result) (Prevention)

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 What’s New & What Is It?
Risk and Protective Factors for Drug Use, Misuse, Abuse and Dependence
Risk factors can increase a person’s chances for drug abuse, while protective
factors can reduce the risk. It is important to understand that it does not
necessarily mean that several risk factors present make a person highly
susceptible to drug use, misuse, and abuse. Protective factors even if few in
number may be enough to work against the risk factors, more so if there are
several of these protective influences.

Personal

Communit
Family
y Domainds of Life
which Affect
Drug Use and
Abuse

Peer and
School
Friends

Below are the risk and protective factors in the use, misuse and abuse of drugs:

Domains of Life Risk Factors Protective Factors

PERSONAL Early Aggressive Behavior Self-control

FAMILY Weak Parental Guidance Strong Parental

Guidance)
PEERS AND FRIENDS Substance Abuse Academic Excellence

SCHOOL Availability of Drugs Strong Anti-Drug

Policies
COMMUNITY Poverty Strong Community
Relationship

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 What I Have Learned

Elaborate further on the statement below. Write your answer in a separate sheet of
paper.

“Drug misuse is not a disease, it is a decision, like the decision to step out in front
of a moving car. You would call that not a disease but an error of judgment.”
― Philip Dick

What I Can Do

Activity 3: Let’s Do a Poem

Read some article on the internet and daily newspaper any situations about drug
use and abuse. Choose one and write a poem about how you can prevent or avoid
such a situation. Write the activity in your notebook or activity sheet. At least 3
stanza and 4 lines in each stanza.

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Lesson

3 Drug Abuse

What I Need to Know

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

1. identify the types of drugs/substances of abuse;
2. describe how drug of abuse are classified ;
3. create activities on preventing use drugs and abuse.

What’s In

Activity 1. REFLECT AND RESPONSE

Study the picture below. Arrange the jumbled letter to create a word out of the
picture. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. H N I L T A N S A -
2. L L U H A I C O N N E G S -
3. R A N O C S I T C -

4. U M I S T N A T S L -
5. D P E R R E A S S T N –
6. A T E G Y A W G U D R S-

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 What’s New & What Is It?

Reading Time!

Classification of Drugs of Abuse

The Dangerous Drugs Board listed three major drugs of abuse in the
Philippines. These are methamphetamine hydrochloride or “shabu”, cannabis
sativa or “marijuana” and inhalants better known as “solvents”. These drugs of
abuse are included in the six classifications of drugs.
The six classifications of drugs are the following:
1. Gateway drugs
Gateway drugs such as cigarettes and alcohol are legal drugs that a non-drug
user might try, which can lead him/her to more dangerous drugs such as
marijuana and shabu.

2. Depressant drugs
Depressant drugs slow down a person’s central nervous system (CNS).
Depressant drugs relax muscles and nerves. These drugs also make patients
feel sleepy and light-headed. Depressant drugs include alcohol, barbiturates,
and tranquilizers.

3. Stimulant drugs
Stimulant drugs speed up a person's central nervous system. Stimulant drugs
have the opposite effect of depressants. Stimulants make a person’s energy
high. Negative effects of stimulants include depression and tiredness.
Stimulants include amphetamines which include shabu, caffeine, nicotine, and
cocaine.

4.Narcotics
Narcotics are drugs which relieve pain and induce sleepiness. In medicine,
these drugs are administered in moderation to patients with mental disorders
and those in severe pain like cancer. Narcotic drugs include cocaine, heroin,
and marijuana. These drugs are illicit and dangerous if taken.

5. Hallucinogens
Hallucinogens are drugs which distorts reality and facts. It affects all senses
and makes a user see, hear, and feel things that don’t exist in the time being.
The name hallucinogen came from the word hallucination which is to perceive
illusions. Hallucinogens include lysergic acid diethylamide, psilocybin obtained
from mushrooms and mescaline.

6. Inhalants
Inhalants are found in ordinary household chemical products and anesthetics.
One difference is the foul smell of chemicals sniffed, inhaled, or huffed by the
user. Continuous use and abuse lead to delusions, brain damage, liver damage,
coma, and death. Examples of household products used as inhalants are
acetone, rugby or solvent, ordinary and spray paint, cleaning fluids and air
conditioner fluids (Freon).

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 What I Have Learned

Activity 3: The Drug Concept Map

Copy the concept map below in your notebook or activity sheet and add
information to complete the map.

HARMFUL
CLASSIFICATION
EFFECTS

1. 1.
Drugs
Drugs

What I Can Do

Activity 4: Let’s Make a Poster

Using a long size bond paper make a poster showing a war on drug campaign.

Criteria:

Creativity - 10 pts.
Content - 10 pts.
Informative- 20 pts.
Neatness - 10 pts
Total: 50 pts

REFLECTION:
What will you do if your friend is addicted to drugs?

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Lesson Myths, Misconceptions,
4 Signs and Symptoms of
Drug Abuse

What I Need to Know

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

1. corrects myths and misconceptions about substance use and abuse

2. recognizes warning signs of substance use and abuse
3.conduct an interview about myths, misconceptions, signs and symptoms of
substance use and abuse

What’s In

Activity 1. FACT OR OPINION

Read the statement below. Draw a cross on the FACT column if it is scientifically
true and proven and on OPINION column if it is not.

STATEMENT FACTS OPINION

Drugs of abuse improve memory.
Drugs of abuse place a user in a dangerous and
life-threatening situation.
Drugs of abuse remove life’s problems and
worries.
Drugs of abuse heat up the body.
Drugs of abuse worsen life’s problems and
worries.

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 What’s New & What Is It?

Reading Time!
Myths and Misconceptions about Drugs of Abuse
Myths and Facts about Drugs of Abuse
Misconceptions
Drugs of abuse Drugs of abuse shut down proper brain functioning. Most
improve memory. drug users claim they think better and clearly after taking
drugs but tests on performance and cognition have proven
that they have performed worst.
Drugs of abuse do not improve memory.
Drugs of abuse Constant exposure to higher-than-normal acid level
help in the damages stomach linings which can result to ulcers.
digestion of food. Drugs of abuse do not help in the digestion of food.
Drugs of abuse Certain drugs of abuse remove shyness and frustration. In
make a person psychology, normal inhibition prohibits a person to do
bold and brave. unacceptable things, thoughts and desires.
Drugs of abuse place a user in a dangerous and life-
threatening
Drugs of abuse Drugs of abuse are not the solution to problems and
remove life’s worries people encounter. The truth is drugs of abuse will
problems and only worsen the scenario and further add more problems
worries. some of which are even harder to solve.
Drugs of abuse worsen life’s problems and worries
Drugs of abuse The truth about this is far from reality. Drugs dilate blood
heat up the body. vessels in the skin which makes the blood to flow nearer to
the skin which enhances convection of heat from the body
to the outside environment.
Drugs of abuse do not heat up the body; instead, they
make the body lose heat faster than normal.
While every person’s experience of drug use or addiction is unique, there are some
signs that are common to many people who abuse substances, including the
following:

1. Intense cravings.
2. Tolerance.
3. Withdrawal symptoms.
4. Physical dependence.
5. Engaging in increasingly risky behaviors.
6. Drug-seeking behaviors.
7. Financial trouble related to drug use.
8. Neglecting responsibilities.
9. Developing unhealthy relationships with those who support addiction.
10. Isolating behaviors.

For anyone who has a few or all these signs, finding quality drug and alcohol
addiction treatment is an important first step. Beginning with a detox period,
treatment usually progresses to either an inpatient or outpatient program and is
followed by comprehensive aftercare.

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 What I Have Learned

Activity 2: Acrostic Word

Make an acrostic word about breaking the myths and misconception about
drugs. Use the letters of the words “SAY NO TO DRUGS” as the first letter of
each word. Write your answer in a separate sheet of paper.

S __________________
A __________________
Y __________________
N __________________
0 __________________
T __________________
0 __________________
D __________________
R __________________
U __________________
G __________________
S __________________

What I Can Do

Activity 3: News Casting

Plan your news casting about myths, misconceptions and signs of drug use and
abuse. Conduct an interview to any of your family member where you can get
information that could help you. Record in your cellphone or write in a short
size bond paper your news casting as your output.

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 Assessment

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Read each of the following statements carefully. Write the
letters of the correct answers in a separate sheet of paper. (Write your name,
grade, section, subject, and module number).

1.Which of the following is a myths and misconception about drugs of abuse?

A. Drugs of abuse do not improve memory
B. Drugs of abuse remove life’s problems and worries
C. Drugs of abuse worsen life’s problems and worries.
D. Drugs of abuse do not heat up the body; instead, they make the body lose
heat faster than normal.

2.Which of the following statement is NOT TRUE about drugs of abuse?

A. Drugs of abuse worsen life’s problems and worries.
B. Drugs of abuse remove life’s problems and worries.
C. Drugs of abuse are not the solution to problems and worries people
encounter
D. Drugs of abuse will only worsen the scenario and further add more problems
some of which are even harder to solve.

3. What do you call a substances or chemicals when taken into the body either
though nasal, oral, transdermal, or intravenous way have psychological,
emotional, and behavioral effects on a person?
A. Drugs C. Drug Dependence
B. Drug Abuse D. Drug Tolerance
4. In the Philippines these are the drugs that are commonly abused by users,
Except?
A. Shabu B. Marijuana C. Inhalants D. Cocaine

5. What domains of life which affects drug use and abuse result into early
aggressive behavior?
A. Family B. Friends C. Personal D. School

6. Inconsistent family rules, family values and family ties are examples of risk
factors in what domains of life?
A. Family B. Friends C. Personal D. School

7. Alcohol and cigarettes are considered as what type of Drugs?

A. Narcotic B. Gateway Drug C. Stimulants D. Inhalants

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8. These drugs speed up a person's central nervous system.
A. Narcotic B. Gateway Drug C. Stimulants D. Inhalants

9. Which drugs makes the person relieve pain and induce sleepiness.
A. Narcotic B. Gateway Drug C. Stimulants D. Inhalants

10.Drugs that can be found in ordinary household chemical products and

anesthetics.
A. Inhalants B. Stimulants C. Hallucinogens D. Depressants

11. This kind of drugs distorts reality and facts.

A. Inhalants B. Stimulants C. Hallucinogens D. Depressants

12. These drugs make patient’s feels sleepy and lightheaded.

A. Depressants B. Stimulants C. Inhalants D. Hallucinogens

13. These are fact about drugs of abuse. Except

A. Drugs of abuse do not improve memory
B. Drugs of abuse remove life’s problems and worries
C. Drugs of abuse worsen life’s problems and worries.
D. Drugs of abuse do not heat up the body; instead, they make the body lose
heat faster than normal.

14. What cluster of physiological, behavioral, and cognitive phenomena of variable

intensity in which the use of a drug takes on a high priority thereby creating a
strong desire to take the substance?
A. Drug C. Drug Dependence
B. Drug misuse D. Drug Tolerance

15. A condition of the body to adapt to the effects of substances to the body thus
requiring an even larger amount of the substance to experience the same
physiological and mental effect experienced when taking the smaller dosage.
A. Drug Abuse C. Drug misuse
B. Drug Dependence D. Drug Tolerance

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 Answer Key

Gateway drugs 6.
Depressant 5.
Stimulants 4.
Narcotics 3.
Hallucinogens 2.
Inhalants 1.
Activity 3.1

References
K-12 Most Essentials Learning Competencies with the corresponding CG codes page 36.
Retrieved from https://luxury.rehabs.com/drug-addiction/10-most-common-drug-
addiction-signs/ Retrieved on Oct.3, 2020
Retrieved from http://www.ddb.gov.ph/component/content/article/46-sidebar/64-
treatment-and-rehabilitation. Retrieved on Oct.3, 2020
Facts on drugs
Retrieved from http://www.ddb.gov.ph/component/content/article/46-sidebar/58-facts-
on-drugs Retrieved on Oct.3, 2020
Drug facts: inhalants
Retrieved from http://teens.drugabuse.gov/drug-facts/inhalants. Retrieved on Oct.3, 2020
Drug Facts: stimulants.
Retrieved from http://teens.drugabuse.gov/drug-facts/stimulants. Retrieved on Oct.3,
2020
Drug facts: tobacco
Retrieved from http://teens.drugabuse.gov/drug-facts/tobacco. Retrieved on Oct.3, 2020
Risk factors and protective factors
Retrieved from http://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/preventing-drug-abuse-among-
children-adolescents/chapter-1-risk-factors-protective-factors/what-are-risk-factors.
Retrieved on Oct.3, 2020

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Cebu City Division
Curriculum Implementation Division
3rd Floor, DepEd Bldg., Imus Avenue, Cebu City, Cebu, Philippines 6000
Telefax: (632) (032) 255 1516
Email Address: [email protected]

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