ASSGINEMENT OF AUTOMATIVE ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC

VEHICLE SECURITY AND WARNING SYSTEM

1.what is vehicle security

2.what is warning system

1.what is Vehicle Security Systems Explained

Wee-ooh, wee-ooh, honk, honk, honk, beep, beep, beep … Ah, the sweet melody
of the modern car alarm. 

 Vehicle security is big business. If you are worried about someone stealing
your vehicle, visit your local mobile enhancement retailer and ask about a
properly designed and installed vehicle security system.
 Before you head out the door, let’s take a look at the options for security
systems and sensors, and talk about the importance of proper installation to
ensure your car remains where you left it.

The Classic Car Alar

 In most cases, a handheld remote control, also known as a key fob, will control
your car alarm.
 These remotes use radio frequency signals to communicate with the control
module in the vehicle.
 When you want to arm the alarm, press the Lock button on the remote and the
system will respond almost instantly.

 Remotes are available in many different styles.

 The simplest include a single button that toggles arming and disarming
functions.
 A slightly more-elaborate remote may include dedicated locking, unlocking,
trunk release and auxiliary output buttons.
 Many alarms are integrated with a remote car starter or vice versa.
 In these systems, one of the buttons on the remote is typically dedicated to
starting the vehicle.

The Purpose of a Vehicle Security System

 Quite simply, the purpose of an alarm is to monitor your vehicle for attempted
theft or vandalism.

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 When the system detects a trigger from a particular zone or sensor, it activates
a loud siren.
 Depending on your vehicle, you can opt to have the horn honk and the parking
lights flash when the alarm goes off.

 That infamous blinking red or blue LED in your dash is an indication to would-
be thieves that you have taken measures to protect your vehicle and belongings.

 The knowledge that there is an alarm in the vehicle may be an adequate

deterrent that convinces a thief to move on to a different target.
 In most cases, a handheld remote control, also known as a key fob, will control
your car alarm.
 These remotes use radio frequency signals to communicate with the control
module in the vehicle. When you want to arm the alarm, press the Lock button
on the remote and the system will respond almost instantly.

Remote Car Starter Functions

 We mentioned that security systems are a popular option for a remote car
starter. Some manufacturers offer a separate remote starter, security and hybrid
(remote starter and security) systems.
 Other companies have designed their remote starters to accept a siren and shock
sensor as options.
 This modular approach allows you to upgrade the system at any time.

Zones of Protection
 Modern security systems are capable of monitoring several zones or sensors
simultaneously.
 For example, your alarm will be connected to your door’s pin wires. These
same wires signal the dome light to turn on when a door is open. If the system
detects a door is open, it will trigger the alarm instantly.

 Many security systems include separate inputs for hood and trunk monitoring.
 Your installer may choose to use a pin switch on the hood or trunk, or a
mercury switch.
 If your vehicle has factory monitoring for the hood or trunk, those connections
are often compatible with an aftermarket security system.

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 Every car alarm includes some form of shock sensor to detect abrupt impacts to the vehicle.

 There are many different designs for shock sensors.

 Some shock sensors work by suspending a small metal bead beside an inductor
on a spring or rubber strap.
 Both allow the bead to move independently of the sensor housing.
 When the bead moves due to a shock or vibration, it induces a current in the
inductor. The included circuitry determines the amplitude of the motion and
decides if it should trigger the alarm.

 Another method of monitoring shock and vibration is a digital accelerometer.

 The accelerometer communicates with the microcomputer in the shock
sensor to provide information about vehicle movement.
 A benefit of this type of sensor is that it is almost impervious to changes in
temperature.
 Most automotive-grade accelerometers function reliably from -40 to over
220 degrees with no noticeable change in accuracy.
 Most security systems provide two levels of notification based on the signal
from the shock sensor.
 A gentle tap on the vehicle will produce a warning that the vehicle is
protected by a security system.
 This warning is usually in the form of a sequence of short chirps from
the siren.
 The intent is for thieves to move on to a vehicle without extra protection.
Of course, a sharp impact will trigger the alarm right away.

Optional Security Sensors

 Many sensors are available to enhance the performance and coverage
capabilities of a car alarm.
 Tilt-and-motion sensors can detect subtle changes in the angle of the vehicle to
trigger the alarm.
 These are a great option if you want to protect a nice set of wheels or are
worried about someone jacking up the vehicle to steal your catalytic converter.

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 Glass-breakage sensors include a microphone and signal processing that is

tuned to listen for the sound of a hard object hitting the glass.
 A firm tap with a key or coin is often enough to trigger these sensors.

 Radar or field disturbance sensors are another popular option. These

devices set up a radio-frequency field around the sensor. When an object
moves into or out of the field, the alarm will trigger.

 These sensors are ideal for convertible vehicles and Jeeps where the
interior is accessible without setting off a shock or motion sensor.

 The size of the field is adjustable, so your installer can work with you to
decide the appropriate amount of coverage. Keep in mind that false
alarms are very annoying.

Convenience Features
 The most-popular convenience feature is door lock control.
 This feature is standard on almost all alarm systems.
 When your arm the alarm, the doors lock. Not surprisingly, the doors unlock
when you disarm the alarm.
 Remote trunk release is another popular convenience feature.
 Most security systems have a dedicated trunk release output that automatically
disables the shock sensor or disarms the alarm just before the trunk or hatch
opens. If you don’t have a power trunk release, a solenoid can be added to most
vehicles to mimic the function of the key.

 Power window, sunroof and power sliding door control are also options. A
great example of power window control would be to roll the windows up as
soon as the system is armed.

 If you have a van with a power tailgate or a car with a motorized trunk,
controlling it remotely is also a possibility.

The Importance of Proper Installation

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 Mobile Edge shows us what a securely hidden, expertly wired alarm brain
looks like.
 Just as with the installation of a remote starter, how a car alarm is
integrated into your vehicle can have a dramatic effect on its performance
and reliability.
 Many new vehicles use computerized data networks to control and monitor
functions. Door lock control, door and hood status (open or closed), factory
alarm system control, and even horn activation are all done digitally through
a vehicle integration module.
 These modules need to be configured by your installer for the specific make,
model, year and trim level of your vehicle before installation.

 Any electrical connections required to install your alarm have to be planned and
executed carefully.
 An installer who would simply cut the starter wire under the dash and install
a starter-cut relay has effectively labeled one of the connections a thief
would need to hotwire a car.
 Hot-wiring a vehicle is nearly impossible on modern vehicles because most
keys include a factory-installed security or immobilizer system.
 With that said, the placement of modules, sensors and relays shouldn’t
attract attention to themselves.
 If they aren’t concealed properly, a thief has a much easier time bypassing
your security system.
 All wiring should be neat and tidy.
 All connections should be both mechanically secure and electrically
conductive.
 Using harness wrapping materials like cloth tape, vinyl tape or split
loom tubing that matches the factory wiring is a great way for your
installer to conceal the security system.

Factory Security Systems

 If you are looking at a new-car brochure, you will see that the wording
chosen to describe the factory “alarm” has been picked very judiciously.
 Let’s look at a few examples. The Ford Focus includes a “Passive Anti-
Theft Engine Immobilizer System,” the Honda Civic has an “Immobilizer
Theft Deterrent System” and, finally, the Toyota Camry has an “Anti-theft
System with Alarm.

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 ” The Camry brochure goes on to describe how the system works: “When
you insert your key into the ignition switch or bring a Smart Key fob into the
vehicle, the key transmits an electronic code to the vehicle.

 The engine will only start if the code in the transponder chip inside the
key/fob matches the code in the vehicle’s immobilizer.”
 Sounds pretty good, doesn’t it? Sadly, it isn’t hard to duplicate the code
from those transponder chips.
 After all, if you lose your key or fob, there has to be a way to replace it. The
hardware to clone a key can be acquired for around $100. You will also note
that there is no mention of damage prevention or protection.
 Very few, if any, factory security systems include a shock sensor.
 If your aftermarket security system includes a starter disable system, even
with the factory key or fob, the vehicle will not start without disarming the
alarm.

Preventing Vehicle Theft

 The cold, hard fact is that anyone with a flatbed can pull up in front of your
vehicle, throw a hook around the frame and drag it onto the flatbed.
 In a minute, even with an alarm sounding, your car could be gone. An
important aspect of ensuring your vehicle is safe is communication.
 If you know someone is tampering with your vehicle, you can look out the
window to see what’s going on and call the police, if necessary. (Please
don’t run out the door yelling and screaming – you don’t know if they have
any weapons.)

 Remote key fobs that can receive signals from the vehicle are a great option.
When your alarm triggers, your key fob will vibrate and buzz to let you
know something is going on.
 The next level of communication is a two-way cellular communication
device. If your alarm triggers, your smartphone will notify you almost
instantly.
 With cellular communication, there are no limits to the distance between
you and your vehicle – you will always get alerts when something happens.
 These telematics systems also include the ability to lock and unlock the
vehicle from the application on your phone.

Protect Your Vehicle

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 We could go on for days talking about the intricacies and details of automotive
security systems.
 If you are concerned about vandalism or theft, visit your local mobile
enhancement retailer to talk about adding an alarm system to your vehicle.
 They can suggest a solution that provides the coverage and features you want
to keep your pride and joy safe and secure.

2.What is Warning system 

 Warning system is any system of biological or technical nature deployed

by an individual or group to inform of a future danger.
 Its purpose is to enable the deployed of the warning system to prepare for
the danger and act accordingly to mitigate or avoid it.
 Warnings cannot be effective unless people react to them.
 People are more likely to ignore a system that regularly produces false
warnings (the cry-wolf effect), but reducing the number of false warnings
generally also increases the risk of not giving a warning when it is needed.]
 Some warnings are non-specific: for instance, the probability of an
earthquake of a certain magnitude in a certain area over the next decade.
 Such warnings not be used to guide short-term precautions such as
evacuation. Opportunities to take long-term precautions, such as
better building codes and disaster preparedness, may be ignored

Early warning siren for earthquakes and floods

 CLASSIFCATIN OF WARNING SYSTEM

 1 Biological warning systems
 2 Man-made warning systems
o 2.1Civilian warning systems
o 2.2Military warning systems

3 See also

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 4 Notes and references

1. Biological warning system

 Aposematism (e.g. warning coloration)

 Climate canary
 Fear
 Miner's canary
 Pain

2.Man-made warning systems

 Emergency population warning

2.1 Civilian warning systems

A fire alarm that warns people if a building is on fire

 Alberta Emergency Alert

 Alberta Emergency Public Warning System (replaced by Alberta Emergency Alert)[4]
 Alert Ready (Canada)
 Automatic Warning System
 Child abduction alert system
 Dam safety system
 Earthquake warning system
 Emergency Alert System (EAS) (United States)
 Famine Early Warning Systems Network
 Federal Civil Defense Authority
 Fire alarm system
 Gale warning
 Ground proximity warning system
 Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System
 International Early Warning Programmed
 J-Alert (Japan)
 Lane departure warning system
 National Severe Weather Warning Service
 N.E.A.R. (National Emergency Alarm Repeater)
 North Warning System
 Standard Emergency Warning Signal (Australia)
 Traffic Collision Avoidance System
 Train Protection & Warning System
 Tsunami warning system

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2.2 Military warning systems

Historical beacon-based systems:

 Byzantine beacon system in Asia Minor during the 9th century

Space-based missile early warning systems:

 Defense Support Program (United States, to be succeeded by the "Space-Based Infrared

System")
 Space-Based Infrared System (SBIRS) (United States)
 Oko, also known as "SPRN" (Russia)
Airborne early warning systems:

 Airborne Early Warning and Control ("AWACS" for NATO, many countries have developed
their own AEW&C systems)
Ground-based early warning radar systems:

 Ballistic Missile Early Warning System and PAVE PAWS (United States)

 Duga radar, also known as the "Russian Woodpecker" (Russia)
 Dnestr radar (1st generation Russian)
 Daryal radar (2nd generation Russian)
 Voronezh radar (3rd and current generation Russian)
 Chain Home (British, now defunct)
 Chain Home Low (British, now defunct)
 ROTOR (British, now defunct)
Optical sensors:

 Bomb Alarm System

Emergency broadcasting:

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