STANDARDS FOR SHOPPING MALL

SHOPPING MALL... 6 .
COLUMN SPACING
 Significant dimension is along the mall as this involves the widths, i.e. , frontages,
of stores.
 Often used spaces are 20, 25 and 30 ft., with the last the most flexible .
STORE DEPTHS
 Buildings are usually 120 to 140 ft deep, sometimes more to accommodate
larger stores .
 If there are basements or mezzanines, the depth dimension usually can be
reduced 20 to 25 percent
CLEAR HEIGHTS
 These vary from 10 to 14 ft. or more, with 12 Ft. a good average . Above this
clear height, there must be adequate space for air conditioning ducts, recessed
lights, structural e system, etc.
PARKING AND TRAFFIC
 A ratio of between 5 and 6 car spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of leasable store area
is mandatory.
 In the matter of parking layout, car stalls can be set at angles (say, 70‘ to the
lanes, which then requires one-way traffic; or stalls can be at 90' to the lanes,
permitting two-way traffic.

EFFECT OF DEPTH ON STORES

SHOPPING MALL... 7 .
ADVERTISEMENT

WHEN SAME LEVEL

DIFFERENT LEVELS OF A MALL

WHEN MEZZANINE FLOOR

STANDARD WHEN BASEMENT

 SHOPPING 8 .
SHOP SIZES & LAYOUTS
 12 to 15 ft wide by 50 to 60 ft long in large cities ;
and 15 to 18 ft. wide by 60 to 80 ft long in smaller
cities .

 These dimensions apply particularly to shops in 100

percent retail districts .

 Basements 8 to 9 ft high, in the clear,

permit economical stock storage .

 Ground floors are preferably approximately 12 ft high

If no mezzanine is included ; mezzanines at least 7 ft6
inch above floor level will accommodate most fixture
heights.

 Height from mezzanine floor to ceiling may be as

low as 6 ft6 in . if used for service space only ; 7 ft is
the preferred minimum for public use .

STANDARD
SHOPPING 9 .
AISLE WIDTHS
 Aisle Widths For clerks, min . = 1 ft8 inch.
 Desirable 2 ft to 2 ft3 inch
 For main public aisles, min .= 4 ft6 inch
 Avg.5 ft6 inch to 7 ft;
 Usual max., 1 1 ft.
 Secondary public aisles, 3 ft to 3 ft6 inch.

STANDARD
SHOPPING 10 .

MECHANICAL SYSTEMS

DIFFERENT STORE UTILITY SHELVES

RETAIL STORE PLAN MEDIUM

SUPER SHELVING

HIGH RETAIL SHOP

MEDIUM RETAIL SHOP PLAN
SHOPPING 11 .
SHOW CASES AND SHELVING DATA
The ratio of sales to ancillary space ranges from about
45:55 in small shops and departmental stores to
60:40 in supermarkets.
Planning
Halls are usually designed to give a large-span open
space having
natural roof lighting, good ventilation and service
connections.
 One-floor trading is preferred.
 Perimeter stalls and other grouped layouts
have service corridors.
 Fish, meat and food stalls are sited in zoned areas
with more sophisticated ventilation, drainage and
services. Key considerations:
 Access and linkage to car parks, shopping areas,
goods delivery and parking bays.
 Mix of traders.
 Risk of fire (incombustible materials, fire-resistant
construction smoke evacuation)and means of
escape.

Additions to the net sales area

Net areas Gross areas
Staff facilities 10–15 per- david
centalder25–30 per
Offices 5–8 per cent cent

STANDARD METRIC HANDBOOK

SHOPPING 12 .
PLANNING GUIDELINES
1.Structural models Width (m) Notes 5.Goods and m Notes
service docks
Small shops 5.3 to 6.0 M ostly 5.4 m
Large-space users 7.3 to 9.2 De pending on beam depth. Typical provision Allowing
Sin gle-storey buildings –larger spans for large-space 1.5 m
user Two 15 m 10.7 each side
2.Clear ceiling Height(m) To underside of beams articulated lorries:
width
Small shops 3.3 to 3.8 Sales area
3.2 to 3.6 Minimum Approach
Non-sales area clearance height road –
Large-space users 3.6 min. 4.7
With floor: floor spacing 4 to 5 m 5.00 m
3.Car parking Car spaces
type sales area sales:ancillary area
per 100 m2
gross retail small shops (less than 280 m2 sales area) 45:55
area Department 10000-20 000 m2 45:55.
Supermarkets, 10-12 stores
superstores Variety stores 500 to 15 000 m 50:50
Shopping 4-5 Supermarkets The sales areas of large-space 60:40,
centres users range from 1000 to 2500
m2
4.Typical floor kN/m2
Superstores 5000 – 10 000 m2 of selling space.
loading
Hypermarkets at least 2500 m2 sales floor 60:40,
Shop sales area 5
Shopping centers 25 000 and 50 000 m2 GLA
Shop storage 10 Retail parks at least 4500 m2
Design load for 20 Staff facilities (general guide only) METRIC HANDBOOK
service yard Staff numbers: net sales areas, 1: 50 m2 to 1: 80 m2 - david alder
SHOPPING 13 .
CIRCULATION:- Minimum area per person in various types of buildings
Occupancy Area per person (m2 )
Assembly halls (closely seated) .46 @450mm c/c movable seats .60@500mm c/c fixed seats
Dance halls .55 to 0.90
Restaurants (dining areas) .90 to 1.1
Retail shops and showrooms 4.6 to 7.0
Department stores, bazaars 0.9 (including counters, etc.)
bargain sales areas 0.46 (gangway areas only)
Offices 9.3 (excluding stairs and lavatories)
Area per person to be allowed in various circulation areas
Occupancy Area per person (m2 )
Overall allowance for public areas in public-handling buildings 2.3 to 2.8
Waiting areas, 100 per cent standing, no cross-flows (e.g. lift 0.5 to 0.65
lobby)
Circulating people in corridors, reduced to halt by Obstruction. 0.2
Flow capacities of corridors and staircases
Occupancy Area per person (m2 )
General design purposes 0.8
People moving at good walking pace (1.3 m/s) 3.7
People moving at a shuffle (0.4 to 0.9 m/s). 0.27 - 0.37
People at a standstill due to obstruction 0.2

STANDARDS METRIC HANDBOOK

- david alder
 SHOPPING MALL...
CORRIDORS AND PASSAGEWAYS EXTERNAL STAIRS
 Where stairways discharge through corridors and External stairs, when provided shall comply the following:
passageways, the height of corridors and  External stairs shall always be kept in sound operable conditions.
passageways shall be not less than 2.4 m.  Ail external stairs shall be directly connected to the ground.
 All means of exit including staircases lifts  The external stairs shall be constructed of
lobbies and corridors shall be adequately noncombustible materials,
ventilated.  No external staircase, used as a fire escape, shall be inclined
at an angle greater than 45° from the horizontal.
 Internal staircase minimum width shall be 2.0m in
 External stairs shall have straight flight not less than 1250
all group F building.
mm wide with 250 mm treads and risers not more than 190
Pressurization of Staircases (Protected Escape mm.
Routes) Pressurization is a method adopted for  The number of risers shall be limited to 15 per flight.
protected escape routes against ingress of smoke,  Handrails shall be of a height not less than 1000 mm and not
especially in high-rise buildings. In pressurization, air is exceeding 1200 mm. There shall be provisions of balusters
injected with maximum gap of 150 mm.
into the staircases, lobbies or corridors, to raise their  The use of spiral staircase shall be limited to low occupant
pressure slightly above the pressure in adjacent parts load and to a building not exceeding 9 m in height.
of the building. As a result, ingress of smoke or toxic  A spiral stair case shall be not less than 1500 mm in
gases into the escape routes will be prevented. The diameter and shall be designed to give adequate headroom.
pressurization of staircases shall be adopted for
high rise buildings and building having mixed HORIZONTAL EXITS
occupancy/ multiplexes having covered area more For buildings more than 24 m in height, refuge area of 15 m2 or
than 500 m2. an area equivalent to 0.3 m2 per person to accommodate the
occupants of two consecutive floors,
ARRANGEMENT OF EXITS
The refuge area shall be provided on the periphery of the floor
Exits shall be so located that the travel, distance
or preferably on a cantilever projection and open to air at
on the floor shall not exceed the distance of 30m. In
least on one side protected with suitable railings.
case of all mercantile building.
a)For floors above 24 m and Up to 39 m — One refuge area
NOTE:-
on the floor immediately above 24 m.
For fully sprinklered building, the travel distance may
be increased by 50 percent of the values specified
National Building Code- 2005
SHOPPING 15 .
TURNING SPACE
For floors above 39 m — One Most wheelchairs require a space 1.4 m square to turn
refuge area on the floor around. This determines the minimum size of lift cars and circulatio
immediately above 39 m and so on
after every 15 m.
Refuge area provided in excess of
the requirements shall be counted
towards FAR.
Where there is a difference in level
between connected areas for
horizontal exits, ramps, not more
than 1 in 10 m slope shall be
provided; steps shall not be used.
Doors in horizontal exits shall be
openable at all times from both
sides CONVEYORS
ESCALATORS AND PASSENGER

STANDARD
METRIC
HANDBOOK
SHOPPING 16 .
LIFT
Quality Service or Acceptable Interval
20 to 25 seconds Excellent
30 to 35 seconds Good
34 to 40 seconds Fair
45 seconds Poor
Over 45 seconds Unsatisfactory
NOTE— For residential buildings longer intervals should be permissible.

STANDARD
METRIC
HANDBOOK
SHOPPING 15
NOTES-
1 The total overhead dimension has been calculated on the basis of car height of 2.3 m.

2 In case of manually operated doors, clear entrance will be reduced by the amount of projection
of handle on the landing door.

3 All dimensions given above for lifts having centre opening power operated doors with
counterweight at rear, are recommended dimensions primarily for architects and building planners.
Any variations mutually agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser are permitted.
However, variation in:

a) Car inside dimensions shall be within the maximum area limits specified in accordance
with accepted standards.

b) Entrance width on higher side is permitted.

c) Entrance width on lower side is permitted up to 100mm subject to minimum of 700 mm.

4 Dimensions of pit depth and overhead may differ in practice as per individual manufacturer’s
design depending upon load, speed and drive. Recommended dimensions for pit depth, overhead
and machine-room for different lift speeds are given in Table 1A.

However, the pit depth and overhead shall be such as to conform to the requirements of bottom
METRIC
HANDBOOK
SHOPPING 15
clearance and top clearance in accordance with the accepted standards.

METRIC
HANDBOOK
SHOPPING 17 .
LIFE SAFETY
General Exit Requirements
 An exit may be a doorway; corridor passageway(s) to an
internal staircase, or external staircase or horizontal landing.
 Lifts and escalators shall not be considered as exits.
 Every exit, exit access or exit discharge shall be
continuously maintained free of all obstructions.
 Exits shall be clearly visible and the route to reach the
exits shall be clearly marked and signs posted to guide the
occupants of the floor concerned.
 Fire doors with 2 h fire resistance shall be provided
at appropriate places along the escape route.
 Fire doors with 2 h fire resistance shall be provided
at appropriate places along the escape route

It is recommended that smoke exhaust equipment

should have a minimum capacity of 12 air changes per
hour.

NOTE— The total occupants from a particular floor must

evacuate within 2 1/2 minutes for Type 1 construction,

Any mercantile building having area more than 500 m2

on each floor shall have a minimum of two staircases.
One is may be enclosed type and another one is directly
open to external surface of building block
STANDARDS National Building Code- 2005
SHOPPING 18 .
Group F Mercantile Buildings STANDARDS
These shall include any building or part of a
building, which is used as shops, stores, market,
for display and sale of merchandise, either
wholesale or retail.
Mercantile buildings shall be further sub-divided
As follows:
Sub-division F-1 Shops, stores, departmental
stores markets with area up to 500 sqmt.
Sub-division F-2 Shops, stores, departmental
stores markets with area more than 500 sqmt.
Sub-division F-3 Underground shopping
centres.
Fire Zone No. 1 — This shall comprise
areas having residential (Group A),
educational (Group B), institutional (Group
C), and
assembly (Group D), small business
(Subdivisions E-1 ) and retail mercantile (Group
F)
buildings, or mess which are under
development for such occupancies.
Restrictions on the Type of Construction for New
Buildings.
Buildings erected in Fire Zone No. 1 shall conform
to construction of Type 1, 2, 3 or 4.
For buildings 15 m in height or above non-combustible
materials should be used for construction and other
material of construction with minimum of 2 h rating.
SHOPPING 19 .
A high rise building during construction shallbe capacity, which may be used for other
provided with the following fire protection measures, construction purposes also.
which shall be maintained in go working condition at
all the times:
a. Dry riser of minimum 100 mm
diameter pipe with hydrant outlets
on the floors constructed with a
fire service inlet to boost the water
in the dry riser and maintenance
should be as per the requirements
laid down in good practice.
b. Drums tilled with water of 2000
litres capacity with two fiie buckets
on each floor; and
c. A water storage tank of
minimum 20000 litres
National Building Code- 2005
SHOPPING 20 .

STANDARDS
National Building Code- 2005
SHOPPING 21 .

R — Required
NR — Not Required

2. Required to be installed in basement if area of basement exceed s200 sqmt.

4 .Additional value given in parenthesis shall be added if basement area exceeds200sqmt.
STANDARDS
National Building Code- 2005
SHOPPING 22 .
SANITARY INSTALLATIONS
Sanitary facilities for customers in shops and shopping malls having a net sales area more than 1000 m2 and
assuming equal numbers of male and female customers.

METRIC HANDBOOK
- david alder
 SHOPPING 23 .
The ratio of fittings in male and female toilets shall be 3:5, for
(a) Mechanical Ventilation
example, 1 WC and 2Urinals for male: 5 WC.s for female which
 Where mechanical means are used for ventilation,
is in accordance to the NEA’s COPEH.
there should be cross ventilation and the air exchange
Urinals rate should have a minimum of 15 air changes per hour.
 Individually wall-hung urinal units shall be at least 300mm
 The exhaust air should be discharged to the exterior of
wide and the lip of the collection area shall project from
the building at a position at least 2 m above the
the wall by at least 300mm.
pavement level and at least 5 m from any window or
 A urinal should not be set closer than 450mm from its centre
fresh air intake.
to any side wall, partition, vanity or other obstruction, or
closer than 900mm centre-to-centre between adjacent (b) Natural Ventilation
fixtures.  For natural ventilation, suitable fresh air inlet grilles shall
 There should be at least a 900mm clearance in front of be provided to ensure an
the urinal to any wall, fixture or door.  air exchange rate of 5 air changes per hour.
 Urinals should be separated by modesty boards of not
 Examples of good materials for toilets: -
less than 300mm x 1800mm (Height) to act as a visual
(a) Floor
barrier between urinals.
Non-slip ceramic tiles, natural stone, homogeneous tiles,
Wash Basins terrazzo.
Wash basins should be substantial in size. The basins should
(b) Wall
have a minimum size of 500mm in length and 400mm in
Ceramic tiles, natural stone, homogeneous tiles, stainless
width. steel, enamelled steel panels, glass block, aluminium
Water Closets (WCs) panels, phenolic cladding.
 A WC should not be set closer than 450mm from its centre
(c) Ceiling
to any side wall, partition, vanity or other obstruction.
Mineral fibre board, fibrous plaster
 There should be at least a 900mm clearance in front of the
board, Aluminium panels or strips
WC to any wall, fixture or door.
 supply a predetermined quantity of not more than 4.5 litres
of water per flush after each use. -A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance
Third Edition 2013
 SHOPPING 24 .
Provision of Facilities Off-set entrance maze without doors
(a) Soap Dispensers
(b) Litterbins
(c) Electronic Hand-Dryers/Paper Towel Dispensers
(d) Toilet Paper Dispensers
(e) Toilet Seat Sanitizers/Covers
(f) Water Tap Points within Cubicles
(g) Air Fresheners
(h) WC / Urinal Sanitizers
(i) Coat Hooks
(j) Cleaning Attendant’s Sink & Equipment StorageSpace Directional signage
For toilets, the provision of the following
user-friendly features is strongly recommended.
(a) Accessible Toilet
(b) Toilet for the Ostomates.
(c) Baby Seats
(d) Diaper Changing Stations
(e) Urinals and WC’s for Children
(g) Signages for cubicle doors
(h) Full-Length Mirrors
(i) Waiting Areas
Looscaping
The ambience of public toilets can be enhanced further by:
(a) Introducing plants which can be easily maintained
inside the toilets as well as surrounding the public
toilets.
(b) Placing of wall pictures and illuminated with delicate lighting. The pictures or
wallpapers should be waterproof (e.g. made of impervious material).
-A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and
Maintenance
 SHOPPING 25 .
(c) Placing of ornaments or sculptures at the ‘dead’ corners of the toilets.

-A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and

Maintenance
SHOPPING 26 .

-A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and

Maintenance
SHOPPING MALL... 25.
AIR CONDITIONING, HEATING AND MECHANICAL VENTILATION
PLANNING DESIGN CRITERIA (Fundamental Requirements)
 The object of installing ventilation and air
conditioning facilities in buildings shall be to
provide conditions under which people can live in
comfort, work safely and efficiently.
 Ventilation and air conditioning installation shall
aim at controlling and optimizing following factors in the building:
a) Air purity and filtration,
b) Air movement,
c) Dry-bulb temperature,
d) Relative humidity,
e) Noise and vibration,
f) Energy efficiency, and
g) Fire safety.
DUCT SYSTEMS
Classification :
Low pressure systems:
Velocity ≤ 10 m/s, static pressure ≤ 5 cm HO (g) .
Medium pressure systems:
Velocity ≤ 10 m/s, static pressure ≤ 15 cm HO (g).
High pressure systems:
Velocity > 10 m/s, static pressure 15<p ≤ 25 cm HO (g).
Recommended air velocities depend mainly on the application
And the noise criteria.
Residences: 3 m/s to 5 m/s
Theatres: 4 to 6.5 m/s
Restaurants: 7.5 m/s to 10 m/s
SHOPPING 26 .
Chilled Beam
 Chilled beams are
predominantly used for cooling
and ventilating spaces, where a
good indoor environment and
individual space control is
valued. Chilled beams use water
to remove heat from a room
and are located in the room
space.
 Chilled beams are primarily
used in locations where the
humidity can be controlled.
 Chilled beam also
supplement the flexible use of
available space, at the same
time as the high temperature
cooling
and low temperature heating
maximizing the opportunity for
free cooling and heating.
 Operation of the chilled beams
is used where the internal Chilled Beam
humidity loads are moderate,
the primary air is dehumidified
and any infiltration through the
building is limited and
controlled.
- CPWD

HANDBOOK OFFICE BUILDING

 SHOPPING 27 .
10. To be installed in entire building. “
11. TO be installed in all floors at appropriate places and in consultation with local fire authorities.
12. Building above 30m in height not to be permitted for Group B, Group C, Group D and Group F occupancies.
13. All underground shopping areas should be fully air-conditioned.

General Requirements
of All Individual
Occupancies
 Exceptions and
Deviations
 Occupation of
Buildings under
Construction
 Maximum Height
 Floor Area Ratio
 Open Spaces
 Mixed Occupancy
 Openings in
Separating Walls and
Floors
 Vertical opening
 Fire Stop or
Enclosure of Openings
 Electrical Installations
 Air-conditioning
and Ventilation
 Smoke Venting
 Glazing

National Building C ode- 2005

SHOPPING 28 .
Rain Water Harvesting
Since June 2001, the Ministry of Urban affairs and Poverty Alleviation has made rainwater harvesting mandatory in all
new buildings with a roof area of more than 100 sq m and in all plots with an area of more than 1000 sq m, that are
being developed
BARRIER FREE PARAMETERS
To accommodate the persons with disabilities and elderly. Few integral
components of the building design can be planned following these
considerations.
Kerb Ramp
• Width should not be less than 1200mm
• Useful for a smooth transition.
• Footpath flushed with roadway, at a gradient not exceeding that 1:12.
• Warning strip to be provided on the kerb side edge of the slope.
Foothpath
• Obstruction-free for the convenience of all users.
• Height of the footpath not to be more than 150 mm form the road Rain Water Harvesting tank
level.
• Change in level on the footpath should be made clearly visible.
• Width of the footpath should 1800 mm and minimum clear unobstructed path should be 1200 mm.
• Street furniture should be placed outside the path of travel.
• Resting Places should be provided along travel routes.
• Protruding elements should be avoided.
• Bollards should be 1000 mm high, painted in contrasting colour stripes with clear minimum gap of 1200 mm. Parking
• Parking should be within 30 meters of the main entrance the building.
• Two accessible parking lots with dimension 3600mm X 5000mm.
• International symbol of accessibility painted on the ground and also on a signpost/board.
• Directional signs guiding people to the accessible parking.
• Wheel stoppers to be provided, to
HANDBOOK OFFICE
BUILDING
SHOPPING 29 .
Ramps
• Gentle slope: 1:12 max. 1800 x 1800 landing after 9m of travel distance.
• Width: 1800mm or more.
• Handrails to be on both sides and at two levels – 760mm and 900mm. Extend
300mm beyond top and bottom of ramp.
• Warning tile should be placed at 300mm before and the ramp edges.
Steps and Stairs
• Uniform risers : 150mm and tread: 300mm.
• Stair edges should have 50mm wide, bright/ contrast colour band.
• Maximum height of a flight between landings to be 1200mm.
• Landing should be 1200mm clear of any door swing.
• The steps should have an unobstructed width of at least 1200mm.
• Continuous handrails on both sides including the wall (if any) and at two levels
– 760mm and 900mm.
• Warning tile to be placed 300mm at the beginning and at the end of all stairs.
• Nosing should be avoided.
Handrails
Handrails/ Grab bars are extremely important features and must be designed to be easy to
grasp and to provide a firm and comfortable grip so that the hand can slide along the rail
without obstruction.
Handrails should be circular with a diameter of 38mm, at least 50mm clear two levels –
760mm and 900mm form the finished floor, extend by at least 300mm.
Grab bars should: -
• Be slip-resistant with round ends;
• Have a circular section of 38-50 mm in diameter;
• Be free of any sharp or abrasive elements;
• Have continuous gripping surfaces, without interruptions or obstructions that
can break a hand hold;
HANDBOOK OFFICE
BUILDING
SHOPPING 30 .
 Have a minimum clear space of 50 mm from the wall;
 Be installed at a height of 760 mm to 900 mm

Tactile Surface:-
Line-type blocks (Guiding tile): indicate the correct
path/ route to follow.

Dot-type blocks (Warning Tile): indicate warning signal,

to screen off obstacles, drops– offs or other hazards, to
discourage movement in an incorrect direction and to warn
of a corner or junction.

 These tiles shall be placed 300mm at the beginning and

end of the ramps, stairs and entrance to any door.

-
 SHOPPING 31 .
Circulation Area
• Corridors should have an unobstructed width of 1800mm.
• Level differences should be beveled.
• Thresholds and gratings should not be more that 10mm.
• Protruding objects (more that 100mm form the wall) to be placed
either in a niche or
above 2100mm form the floor.
• Open spaces below ramps, escalator and stairs should be blocked
out completely by
protective guard rails, raised curbs or marked with a tactile surface.
Door
• Should provide a clear opening of 900mm.
• Be fitted with lever action locks and D shape handles of circular section,
between 800mm and 1000mm form floor level.
• Also be fitted with vision panels at least between 900mm and 1500mm
form floor level.
• Be colour contrasted with the surrounding walls and should not
be heavier than 22N to open.
• A distance of 400mm to 600mm should be provided beyond the
leading edge of door
to enable a wheelchair user to maneuver and to reach the handle.
• Kick plates are recommended 300mm form the bottom, to resist wear and tear.
Accessible Toilet
A minimum of one toilet compartment with minimum size of 2000
x 1750mm is required on each floor having all barrier free
provisions. Accessible Lift
A minimum of one 13 passenger lift is required having all barrier free provision.

HANDBOOK OFFICE BUILDING

- CPWD
-
LITERATURE STUDY - EXAMPLE
SERRAMAR PAQUE SHOPPING 32 .
Architect: Aflalo and Gasperini Architects
Location:Caraguatatuba, Sao Paulo,
Brazil Built Area: 30,3033 sqm.
Site Area: 119,000
sqm. Year ; November,
2011
INTRODUCTION
 The proposal was to develop a mall to meet tourists and also the population
of Caraguatatuba and neighboring cities in the north coast of São Paulo.
 This shopping mall is all accommodated on one floor. This is important to
note since shoppers and mall visitors have a tendency to avoid vertical
movements and hence facilities/shops on upper levels do not get as much
use as those in the lower levels.
 This also removes the challenge of disabled visitors having to
be accommodated on the upper levels.
 To meet the clients needs, the mall has to be made sustainable shopping
mall financially, i.e. with low maintenance cost. so, the architects opted
for a ground floor location, no elevators or escalators.
 The Serramar Shopping mall has ;
• 100 stores, including anchors, megastores and satellite stores .
• Hypermarket.
• Home center.
• food court with fast networks food and restaurants,
•four movie theaters and
• 1,000 parking spaces.

LITERATURE
 SERRAMAR PAQUE SHOPPING 33 .
LOCATION  This shopping mall is located in Caraguatatuba, a seaside
SAO PAULO STATE town in São Paulo state, Brazil
 The proposal for this project was to develop a mall for
tourists and also for the residents in the Northern Coast of
Sao Paulo State.
 Caraguatatuba being a coastal city, the first aspect
considered in the design was its location. The land on which
it is built was an undeveloped region of the city with front
for a boulevard and an extra 600 meters offset from the sea.
BRAZIL  The stream, located next to the project was expanded,
CARAGUATATUBA
making it a pleasant contemplation area to the green.
 The fact of being in a seaside town with large arid, treeless
area

SITE PLAN

BUILDING VIEW WITH RESPECT TO SURROUNDING.

LITERATURE
SERRAMAR PAQUE SHOPPING 34 .
MOUNTAINS

SITE.

SITE CONTEXT
• Climate : warm and humid.
• Site : formerly an old farm house.
• View : Mountains on N side & sea on S-E of the
site stream on N-E side.
• Wind direction : Southeast to North.
• Future considerations : expansion of highway
• The mall was divided into blocks, with a dynamic
deployment that creates gaps between buildings
and ensures cross air circulation, making maximum
use of natural ventilation and the sea breeze.
SEA • The stream, located next to the project was
expanded, making it a pleasant contemplation area
LITERATURE
 SERRAMAR PAQUE SHOPPING 35 .
SITE PLAN An open space integrated with nature concept was adopted, di
An opened ground floor mall with planted wooded courtyards

The provision of four entrances into the mall ensures that there is no congestion at anygiven entrance.
Most of the entrances face the parking, while only one faces the main road .
This is because of the fact that most people visit shopping mall in cars and hence, most of the traffic is
Expected the mall from the parking lot. Reduces the distance of walking from their car to the inside of the mall.
Visitors on foot don’t have to go all the way to the parking in order to access the mall, as they can branch off the main road and access

LITERATURE
SERRAMAR PAQUE SHOPPING 36 .
PARKING

en t ra nc e
LAll Ithe
T parking
E R forATURE
Serramar STUDY
is provided on one lot only.
There are more than 1000
parking spaces in this
facility. it is not placed
directly in front of the mall
facing the main road, but
rather has been planned such
that, it is not fully visible
from the main road.
SERRAMAR PAQUE SHOPPING MALL... 37.
All the parking spaces are angled, set out at a 90o angle.
Yellow road paint has been used to demarcate parking spaces while a group of parking lots on the same stretch is sep

 Thereproviding
Canopy is the use of signs
shade to from
for walk enhance quick flow of traffic
parking
toand
mall buildings.
avoid accidents and confusion in the parking lot.
 The security lights provided make the parking lot safe at night.
 The wood canopy provided for the pavement from the
parking lot to the mall buildings makes the walk
comfortable away from the suns heat.
 The materials used on this piece (i.e. are wood and
concrete), absorb the heat reflected by the parking lot’s
asphalt and thus

LITERATURE
SERRAMAR PAQUE SHOPPING 38 .
PLAN

Three wooded courtyards were designed. In the pleasant outdoor space,

courtyards also ensure thermal comfort within the blocks.

LITERATURE
SERRAMAR PAQUE SHOPPING 39 .
Recreational Facilities
There are four cinemas, a food court and indoor
play areas.
Apart from these, the mall has a landscaped area where
patrons can take walks, sit down and relax as they
take in the views of the mountains and stream to
the North of the mall.
Several view areas have been provided as points to take
in the views in the landscaped area.
Decks along the landscaping , Decks provided for However, the indoor play areas and the cinemas don’t
shaded with louvers circulation in the planted require the views and this explains their placement in
areas the design. The recreational activity in these two areas
CIRCULATION takes place within only.
The external circulation at Serramar is dynamic and interesting,
due to arrangement of the building blocks of the mall.
Decks are provided throughout the planted internal squares between the blocks for navigation and these decks are shaded by bamboo
Internally, each block houses a specific function, and thus circulation is provided specifically for that
block according to its function.
We opted for a nonclimate of the corridors, only mechanical ventilators to enhance air circulation. The only air-conditioned areas are t

Indoor play area at Serramar Parque Shopping

LITERATURE
 SERRAMAR PAQUE SHOPPING 40 .
FOOD COURTS
All the food areas have been set at the North end of
the mall.This is because the best views of this site are
towards this direction where the mountains and the
stream are visible. Thus, one is able to relax in the
food zone as they dine or drink and this doubles as a
recreational activity.
To favor the panoramic view of the mountains, the
food court is open out of the mall, consisting of an
enclosed area with transparent glasses and heated, and
an outside deck that allows a pleasant contemplation
of space to the mountains, and also to a stream.
NATURAL COOLING
ducts 60 cm height in the center of the gardens capture the air
as underground ducts carry air to each of the installed totems
in courtyards. The design of these totems is designed so that
the air flow does not reach the people at face level. The air
movement speed is not high enough to cause discomfort, but
sufficient to cause the cooling sensation of the body. In
yards, the ventilation ducts are buried inside the concrete
boxes with an opening for air intake above the ground level.

Food court outdoor deck sitting

LITERATURE
 SERRAMAR PAQUE SHOPPING 41 .
COURT YARDS
Considering the climatic conditions of the region, the architects
provides These bamboo canopies have important functional
characteristics as filter direct sunlight, ensuring a shaded area
and minimizing the impact of discomfort in the case of more
heavy rain as it avoids direct splashing in the corridors.

LANDSCAPING
with bamboo roofs that make the shopping internal landscape
and the wood on the decks of the squares and in the outer area of the food court.
The area is prone to dengue, the breading ground for mosquitoes
So they decided to remove the plants and ensure the peace of the customers.
Bromeliad is the symbol of the city and for this reason was chosen by landscaping team.
The plant in its natural environment , as the ecosystem that forms in plant tank does not allow the development of the larvae of the mos

plants like bamboo orchids, ginger Shell, Screen Adam and Agapantos, Also used in the landscaping0

LITERATURE
SERRAMAR
SECTIO PAQUE SHOPPING MALL... 42.
SECTION -A

Sun shading is provided by slanting of the

faces of East and West facing facades such
that they protrude past the wide windows.
This keeps the form simple without clutter
in sun-shading elements that would
otherwise seem too much in the design of a
shopping mall.

LITERATURE
 SERRAMAR PAQUE SHOPPING 43 .
ELEVATIONS

ROADSIDE VIEW
MAIN ENTRY
The coatings of the blocks are simple, with textured pasta special and the details coated with brown cor

LITERATURE
SERRAMAR PAQUE SHOPPING 44 .
MATERIAL USED
• A composition of bright materials is used in the design of this shopping mall
to create a cozy ambience.
• Yellow bamboo louvers are used to provide shade and protection
to circulation areas.
• Timber has also been used to cover walkways from the parking to the built
up area. The use wood and bamboo compliments the wooden tones found in
the inner squares of the mall.
• The finish of the blocks that make up the mall is simple, consisting
of textured monolithic mass and covered with a brown metal plate
detail.
• The use of transparent glass on the wide windows especially on the food WOODEN PATHWAYS
court gives a good view to the Mountains and the stream.
• Materials were chosen with a rustic look,
linked to a more coastal language, but also
be easy to maintain and present a long
life.
MIMICS WOOD
• The floor of malls will be in portuguese
mosaic with polishing near the windows,
and an exposed concrete ceiling.
• Additional balcony, bamboo, giving a
warm Aesthetic sense. PORCELAIN TILE
• The food court will have a porcelain tile
that mimics wood, decking cumaru wood
Simple finish of the blocks with a will be integrated into the square and brings
textured monolithic mass and a brown a viewpoint of the lake,
metal plate. • the bathrooms are in white Granite and

LITERATURE monocap
 SERRAMAR PAQUE SHOPPING 45 .
the lining
of the
blocks
will be a
textured

LITERATURE monocap