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Answer & Solutions

1. In nineteenth century, farmers in Japan found that some seedlings of rice became very tall. They called it ‘Bakanae
Disease’ or mad seedling disease. All these mad plants were found to be infected by a fungus, Fusarium
moniliforme. This led to the discovery of a phytohormone, later named:

(a) Vernalin

(b) Auxin

(c) Florigen

(d) Gibberellin

Sol. Gibberellin is a phytohormone, first derived from Fusarium moniliforme (asexual stage of Gibberella fujikorai) . It
caused internodal elongation in rice.

∴ Ans (d) Gibberellin

2. In most angiosperms, when the ovule is mature, the pollen germinates on stigma, travels through style and
ultimately enters the ovule. In the adjacent diagram, three possibilities of pollen tube entry are shown. What do A, B and
C represent ?
 (a) A-Mesogamy, B-Chalazogamy & C-Porogamy

(b) A-Porogamy, B-Chalazogamy & C-Mesogamy

(c) A-Chalazogamy, B-Mesogamy & C-Porogamy

(d) A & B-Porogamy, C-Chalazogamy

Sol. When the pollen tube enters through

(a) Micropylar end, it’s called Porogamy

(b) Chalazal end, it’s called Chalazogamy
(c) Integuments, it’s called Mesogamy

∴ Ans (b) A-Porogamy

B-Chalazogamy

C-Mesogamy

3. It is a common observation that members of Cucurbitaceae, like bottle-gourd, pumpkin, watermelon, musk melon,
etc. have large fruits while their stems are usually not more than a finger thick. What helps so much food to be
translocated from leaves to the fruits for storage?

(a) Intraxylary phloem

(b) Sieve-tubes with companion cells

(c) Bicollateral vascular bundles

(d) Trichomes on internodes

Sol. Bicollateral vascular bundles are present in members of italics in which xylem bundle is sandwiched between two
phloem bundles.

∴ Ans (c) Bicollateral vascular bundles

4. In some birds, black plumage gene is dominant over white plumage gene. One black bird was mated with white
feathered bird. It resulted in all chicks with blue plumage. Selfing among these blue birds would result in:

(a) 1 black : 1 white : 2 blue x

(b) 9 blue : 3 black : 3 white
(c) 1 blue : 1 black : 1 white
(d) 3 blue : 1 white

Sol.

Phenotypic ratio :- Black : Blue : White

1 : 2 : 1

∴ Ans (a) : 1 Black : 1 White : 2 Blue

5. The adjacent diagram shows chromatographic separation of plant pigments, extracted from spinach leaves. The
sequence of pigment bands from below upwards is :
 (a) Chlorophyll b, Chlorophyll a, Carotenols & Carotenes

(b) Carotenes, Carotenols , Chlorophyll a & Chlorophyll b

(c) Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b, Carotenes & Carotenols

(d) Carotenols, Phycobilins, Chlorophyll a & Chlorophyll b

Sol. Ans : Option (a) - Chlorophyll b, Chlorophyll a, Carotenols & Carotenes

Paper chromatography helps in the separation and identification of plant pigments. These pigments separate as per
the differences in their solubilities. The sequence of pigment bands from below upwards are as follows:

1 → Chlorophyll b

2 → Chlorophyll a

3 → Carotenols

4 → Carotenes

6. In some plants and fungi, some cell organelles are found which convert lipids to sugar in early stages of oil seed’s
germination. What are these?

(a) Glyoxysomes

(b) Lysosomes

(c) Ribosomes

(d) Liposomes

Sol. Ans - Option (a) - Glyoxysomes

Glyoxysomes are single membraned cell organelles found in oil seeds which help in conversion of oil into glucose
for germination of seeds. These contain enzymes for glyoxylate cycle that converts fats into carbohydrates.
 7. In the analysis of waste water, Escherichia coli is used as :

(a) A standard organism for performing a plate count

(b) An indicator of fecal contamination of water
(c) An indicator of the number of 𝑁2 fixing bacteria in water
(d) A measure of the amino acid content of water

Sol. (b ) An indicator of fecal contamination of water

Escherichia coli is found in the intestine of humans and other animals. So, if found in wastewater, it is an indicator of
fecal contamination. We use coliform counting method to measure wastewater contamination.

8. Acid rain damages soil and lakes. Its high level depositions have damaged altitude forests since being encircled by
acidic fogs and clouds. It also affects aquatic plants and animals. Which pH range is most suitable for the survival of
aquatic biota ?

(a) 4. 5 − 5. 8
(b) 6. 5 − 7. 5
(c) 7. 5 − 8. 5
(d) Above 9. 0

Sol. (b) 6. 5 − 7. 5

Neutral pH range, i.e., 6. 5 − 7. 5, is most suitable for the survival of the aquatic biota. Acid rain will cause pH to fall
the range of 4. 5 − 5. 8 . The aquatic biota will not survive in pH above 7. 5 (basic) and it is not optimum for survival
of aquatic biota.

9. Steroid hormones include sex hormones and hormones from adrenal cortex. Based on the intensity of action which
of the following hormones is produced in large amount ?

(a) Estrone

(b) Estriol

(c) Estradiol

(d) Estrane

Sol. (c) Estradiol

Estrogen is the ovarian hormone produced in large amount which is also known as Estradiol.

10. In the vertebrae column of man, there are about 26 vertebrae. Which of the following vertebrae is related with the
pelvis region ?

a) Lumbar

b) Coccygeal
 c) Sacral

d) Cervical

Sol. (c) Sacral

Cervical - Neck (7)

Thoracic - Thorax (12)

Lumbar - Abdomen (5)

Sacral - Pelvis ( 5 fused)

Coccygeal - Lower pelvis ( 4 fused)

11. In following EMP pathway, enzymes catalyzing the reactions are numbered 𝐸1 𝑡𝑜 𝐸10. At which enzyme levels, ATPs
are generated at substrate level ?

a) 𝐸1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐸3

b) 𝐸3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐸6

c) 𝐸7 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐸10

d) 𝐸6 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐸10

Sol. (c)
12. A thick whitish band of semicircular nerve fibers is found bulging upon the inner surface of the dorsal wall of each
cerebral hemisphere of mammalian brain. Choose the name of this structure from the following?

a) Corpus albicans

b) Corpus luteum

c) Corpus striatum

d) Corpus callosum

Sol. (d) Corpus callosum

Corpus albicans and Corpus luteum are found in the ovary.

Corpus callosum is the nerve band that connects the right and left cerebral hemisphere.

Corpus striatum is a nucleus (a cluster of neurons) in the subcortical basal ganglia of the forebrain.

13. In animal classification, symmetry of body is a diagnostic feature. Besides truly bilateral symmetrical animals,
exceptionally some other animals also exhibit bilateral symmetry. Which of the following is an example of such
animals ?
 a) Giardia

b) Cliona

c) Obelia

d) Trypanosoma

Sol. Giardia

Giardia and Trypanosoma are parasitic organisms belongs to Protista.

● Symmetry in Giardia is Bilateral

● Symmetry in Obelia is Radial
● Cliona is asymmetrical.

14. Nissl’s granules are in fact RNA bodies. In which of the following do they occur?

a) Osteon

b) Chondrion

c) Neuron

d) Myocytes

Sol. (c) Neuron

Nissl’s granules are granular bodies present in the cyton part of a neuron. These granules are present in the
cytoplasm and dendrites and are involved in synthesis and segregation of proteins.

15. One of the following statements is not applicable to viruses:

a) The protein capsid of the virus does not enter the host cell
b) The genetic material is either DNA or RNA, never both
c) The virion replicates autonomously outside the host
d) The virus replicates in a bacterial or other host cell

Sol. (c) The virion replicates autonomously outside the host

Viruses are non-cellular structures made up of protein coat and genetic material. Genetic material can be either
RNA or DNA. Viruses cannot replicate outside the host.

16. Carolus Linnaeus, a Swedish botanist is credited with Binomial Nomenclature of plants and animals. While
using binomials, he devised a system of classification of plants. His classification is:

a) Artificial
b) Natural
c) Phylogenetic
d) Cladistic
 Sol. (a) Artificial

Artificial system of classification are based upon few characters (morphological) this system of classification was
proposed by Carolus Linnaeus.

Natural system of classification was proposed by Bentham and Hooker.

Phylogenetic system of classification was proposed by Engler and Prantl.

17. Which bond will break when the following compound is dissolved in water ?

a) A

b) B

c) C

d) D

Sol. (d)

bond will break

When an acid is dissolved in water,the covalent bond between the electronegative atom ‘O’ and Hydrogen atom
+
breaks, yielding a 𝐻 and negative ion.

Hence, the correct option is ‘d’.

18. If the number of compounds formed by H, C, Cl and Co are 𝑁1, 𝑁2, 𝑁3, 𝑁4 respectively, the correct order is

a) 𝑁1 > 𝑁2 > 𝑁3 > 𝑁4

b) 𝑁1 > 𝑁2 > 𝑁4 > 𝑁3

c) 𝑁2 > 𝑁1 > 𝑁4 > 𝑁3

d) 𝑁2 > 𝑁4 > 𝑁3 > 𝑁1

 Sol. (a) 𝑁1 > 𝑁2 > 𝑁3 > 𝑁4

The number of compounds formed by H is the maximum followed by C, Cl and Co.

Therefore, the correct option is (a) .

𝑁1 > 𝑁2 > 𝑁3 > 𝑁4

19.Heaviest nuclide which does not show radioactive nature is :

a) Bismuth

b) Lead

c) Technetium

d) Neptunium

Sol. (b)

Lead is not radioactive in nature.

Bismuth, Technetium , Neptunium are radioactive in nature.

Hence, the correct answer is option ‘b’. .

20. 1 kg of aqueous urea solution (mole fraction of solute =0.2) is diluted to 5 kg. Mole fraction of solute in dilute solution
is :

a) 0.2
−2
b) 4 × 10
c) 0.029
d) 0.971

Sol. (c )

Mole fraction (Urea) =0.2

∴ 1 mole solution contains 0.2 mol Urea 0.8 mol 𝐻2𝑂.

0.2 mol Urea = 0. 2 × 60 = 12 𝑔

0.8 mol 𝐻2𝑂. = 0. 8 × 18 = 14. 4 𝑔

Total mass of solution = 26.4 g

26.4 g of solution contains —- 12 g Urea

12
1𝑔 → 26.4
 12
1000 𝑔 → 26.4
× 1000 = 454. 5 𝑔 Urea

454.5
𝑛 = 60
= 7. 57 moles

Moles of water in dilution solution = 5000 − 454. 5 𝑔

= 4545.5 g

454.5
𝑛 = 18
= 252. 52 moles

7.57 7.57
𝑛𝑈𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 7.57 + 252.52
= 260.09
= 0. 029

The correct option is (c)

21. Nickel forms a gaseous compound of the formula 𝑁𝑖(𝐶𝑂)𝑥, What is the value of x if under similar conditions of
temperature and pressure, methane effuses 3.24 times faster than the compound?

a) 3. 9
b) 2. 1
c) 4. 7
d) 3. 0

Sol. (a)

Graham’s law of diffusion

𝑟𝐶𝐻 𝑀𝑔𝑎𝑠
𝑟𝑔𝑎𝑠
4
= 𝑀𝐶𝐻
4

3.24 𝑥 𝑀𝑔𝑎𝑠
𝑥
= 16

𝑀𝑔𝑎𝑠
3. 24 = 16

2 𝑀𝑔𝑎𝑠
⇒ (3. 24) = 16

⇒ Mass of gas = 3. 24 × 3. 24 × 16

= 167. 96 𝑔

Because 𝑀 = 58. 7 + (28)𝑥

⇒ 167. 96 = 58. 7 + (28)𝑥

⇒ 28 𝑥 = 167. 96 − 58. 7

109.26
⇒ 𝑥= 28
= 3. 9
 ∴ Option a

−29
22. Inter-particle distance between Li and H in LH is 1. 596 𝐴°. Observed dipole moment of LiH is 1. 94 × 10 𝐶. 𝑚.
The percentage (%) ionic character in LiH is

a) 56.0%
b) 90.8 %
c) 76.8%
d) 100%

Sol. (c)

−29
Observed dipole moment = 1. 964 × 10 𝑐𝑚

Theoretical dipole moment = ( 1 electric charge ) × ( Interparticle distance)

−19 −10
= 1. 602 × 10 𝐶 × 1. 596 × 10 𝑚

−29
= 2. 557 × 10 𝐶.𝑚

𝐸𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡

% Ionic character = 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
× 100

−29
1.964×10
= −29 × 100
2.557 ×10

= 76. 8 %

Answer is option c

23. What is the percentage of 𝑀𝑔𝐶𝑂3 in a mixture of 𝑀𝑔𝐶𝑂3 and 𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑂3 if its 2g require 2g 𝐻2𝑆𝑂4 for complete
neutralization ?

(a) 89 %
(b) 11 %
(c) 50 %
(d) 25 %

Sol. (b) For 𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑂3, Let 𝑥 g of 𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑂3 react with 𝑦 g of 𝐻2𝑆𝑂4

𝑥 𝑦
∴ 100
= 98
⇒ 98 𝑥 = 100 𝑦 ………..(1)

For 𝑀𝑔𝐶𝑂3, Let 2 − 𝑥 g of 𝑀𝑔𝐶𝑂3 react with 2 − 𝑦 𝑔 of 𝐻2𝑆𝑂4

2−𝑥 2−𝑦
∴ 84
= 98

⇒ 98 (2 − 𝑥) = 84(2 − 𝑦)

⇒ 196 − 98 𝑥 = 168 − 84 𝑦
 ⇒ 196 − 168 = 98 𝑥 − 84 𝑦

⇒ 28 = 98 𝑥 − 84 𝑦 ……(2)

From equation (1)

98 𝑥
𝑦 = 100
, Put the value in equation (1)

98 𝑥 98 𝑥 × 100 − 84 × 98 𝑥
⇒ 28 = 98 𝑥 − 84 × 100
= 100

1568 𝑥
⇒ 28 = 100
⇒ 𝑥 = 1. 78 𝑔

For 𝑀𝑔𝐶𝑂3 = 2 − 𝑥 = 2 − 1. 78 = 0. 22 𝑔

0.22
% of 𝑀𝑔𝐶𝑂3 = 2
× 100= 11 %

24. Sum of the oxidation states of all the carbon atoms in toluene molecule is :

( a)-1

7
(b)− 8

8
(c )− 7

(d) -8

Sol. (d)

Sum of all oxidation states of toluene :

Formula - 𝐶6𝐻5𝐶𝐻3

Oxidation state of carbon = x

⇒ 6(𝑥) + 5 (1) + 𝑥 + 3(1) = 0

⇒ 7𝑥 + 8 = 0

−8
⇒ 𝑥 = 7
( Oxidation state of 1 carbon )

Now for total number of carbon :

 Total number of carbon = 7

−8
Sum of oxidation state = 7 × 7
=− 8

Option d

25. Oxidation state of oxygen in 𝑂2𝑃𝑡𝐹6 is :

1
(a)− 2

(b)− 2

1
(c ) 2

(d) − 1

Sol. (c)

+ −
The 𝑂2[𝑃𝑡𝐹6] molecule exist as 𝑂 2[𝑃𝑡𝐹6]

+
Now, Let oxidation number be ‘O’ atom in 𝑂2 be 𝑥.

So, 2𝑥 =+ 1

1
𝑥 =+ 2

So, correct answer for this is option (c).

.
26. When attacked by 𝐵𝑟 , which H- atom will be replaced most readily?

(a) 𝐻𝑎

(b) 𝐻𝑏

(c) 𝐻𝑐

(d) 𝐻𝑑
Sol. (c)

. .
𝐻 + 𝐵𝑟 → 𝐻𝐵𝑟

In the above compound, if 𝐻𝑐 is removed allylic radical is formed which is resonance stabilized.

So, correct answer is (c).

27. Consider the molecules having formula 𝐶10𝐻16. Which of the following structural features are not possible within this
set of molecules ?

(a)2 triple bonds

(b) 1 ring and 1 triple bond

(c)3 double bonds

(d)None of these

Sol. (a)

Degree of unsaturation,

[(2 𝑛𝐶+2) −( 𝑛𝐻+ 𝑛𝑋−𝑛𝑁)]

𝐷𝑈 = 2
 where , 𝑛𝐶 = No. of carbon atoms

𝑛𝐻 = No. of Hydrogen atoms

𝑛𝑋 = No. of halogen atoms

𝑛𝑁 = No. of N atoms

[(2×10+2) −(16+0−0)]
So, for 𝐶10𝐻16, 𝐷𝑈 = 2

= 11 − 8 = 3

(a) One triple bond is equivalent to two double bond. So, for 2 triple bonds, DU =4
(b) For one ring, DU =1 and for one triple bond, DU=2 So, overall DU=3
(c) For one double bond, DU =1, so for 3 double bond, DU =3 × 1 = 3,
(d) None

Hence, correct answer is (a).

28. Which metal adsorbs hydrogen to large extent?

a) Al
b) Cr
c) Pd
d) Zn

Sol. (c)

Palladium acts as a good adsorbent and used in hydrogenation reaction due to its adsorption property.

So, correct answer is (c ).

29. Among the following the compound which is both paramagnetic and coloured is:

a) 𝐾2𝐶𝑟2𝑂7
b) (𝑁𝐻4)2[𝑇𝑖𝐶𝑙6]
c) 𝑉𝑂𝑆𝑂4
d) 𝐾3[𝐶𝑢(𝐶𝑁)4]

Sol. (c)

Among, given options 𝑉𝑂𝑆𝑂4 will be both paramagnetic and coloured both

- Vanadyl sulphate
 2+
Cation is 𝑉𝑂

Let oxidation state of 𝑉 = 𝑥

𝑥−2 = + 2

𝑥 = + 4

3 2
Atomic number of 𝑉 = 2 3 → [𝐴𝑟] 3𝑑 4𝑆

4+ 1 0
→ So, for 𝑉 = [𝐴𝑟] 3𝑑 4𝑆

4+
So, its 𝑉 has 1 unpaired electron.

So, it is both coloured and paramagnetic

So, right option is (c ). .

30. A mixture of HCOOH and 𝐻2𝐶2𝑂4 is heated with Conc.𝐻2𝑆𝑂4. The gases produced were passed through KOH
1
solution where their volume decreased by 6
. Ratio of two acids in the mixture :

a) 1: 4

b) 4 : 1

c) 1 : 1

d) data insufficient

Sol. (b )

Let moles of HCOOH and 𝐻2𝐶2𝑂4 taken are x and y respectively.

Total moles of gases = 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑦 ⇒ 2y +x

 1 𝑡ℎ
After absorption with KOH, total volume left is 6
of initial volume

1
i.e., 6
[2𝑦 + 𝑥].

As absorbed gas is 𝐶𝑂2 only. So,

1
𝑦 = 6
[2𝑦 + 𝑥] ⇒ 6𝑦 = 2𝑦 + 𝑥

𝑥 = 4𝑦 → 𝑥: 𝑦 = 4: 1

So, Option (b) is correct.

31. The correct order of energy levels in H- atom is

a) 3s = 3p=3d > 2s

b) 3d > 3p > 3s > 2s

c) 3d > 3p= 3s > 2s

d) 3d > 3p > 3s = 2s

Sol. (a)

Correct order of energy levels for Hydrogen is

3s = 3p=3d > 2s

As Hydrogen is unielectron atom So, in Hydrogen energy of different shells and subshells depends only upon
principal quantum number (n).

Correct option is ‘a’. .

32. 𝑋3 𝑌2 when reacts with 𝐴2 𝐵3 in aqueous solution, it given brown colour. These are separated by a semipermeable
membrane AB as shown in figure. Assuming that electrolytes are completely ionized in solution then due to osmosis
there is:

a) Brown colour formation in side X

 b) Brown colour formation in side Y

c) Brown colour is formed in both sides X and Y

d) No brown colour formation in sides X or Y

Sol. (d)

As in this case brown colour appears only when both 𝑋3 𝑌2 & 𝐴2 𝐵3 meets up. But as we know through semi
permeable membrane solute can’t pass. So, it will not pass to either side i.e., X or Y .So no colour will be
formed.

Correct option is ‘(d)’.

33. A particle of mass 0. 3 kg starts moving from rest, in one dimension, under a force that delivers constant power
𝑃 = 1. 5 watt. The kinetic energy of the particle will be 𝐾. 𝐸 = 15 Joule after a time of

a) 5𝑆

b) 10 𝑆

c) 12 𝑆

d) 15 𝑆

Sol. (b)

𝑚 = 0. 3 𝑘𝑔

𝑃 = 1. 5 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡

Change in kinetic Energy.(∆ 𝐾. 𝐸.) = 15 𝐽

By Work Energy theorem

𝑊𝑓 = ∆𝐾. 𝐸

𝑃 × 𝑡 = 15

1. 5 × 𝑡 = 15

15
𝑡= 1.5

𝑡 = 10 𝑠𝑒𝑐

∴ Option (b) is correct.

34. A trolley of mass 200 𝑘𝑔 carrying a sandbag of mass 20 𝑘𝑔 is moving on a frictionless horizontal track with speed
36 𝑘𝑚/ℎ𝑟. After a while, sand starts leaking out of the bag on the floor of the trolley at the rate 0. 04 𝑘𝑔/𝑠𝑒𝑐.
What is the speed of trolley after the entire sand bag is empty?
 a) 8 𝑚/𝑆

b) 9. 2 𝑚/𝑆

c) 10 𝑚/𝑆

d) 10. 8 𝑚/𝑆

Sol.

𝑚1 = 200 𝑘𝑔

𝑚2 = 20 𝑘𝑔

5
𝑉𝑠𝑦𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚 = 36 𝑘𝑚/ℎ = 36 × 18
= 10 𝑚/𝑠

Initial momentum of the system (𝑝𝑖) = (𝑚1 + 𝑚2)𝑉𝑠𝑦𝑠

= (200 + 20) × 10

𝑝𝑖 = 2200 𝑘𝑔 𝑚/𝑠

As the sand is leaking and still remaining in the trolley.

Total mass of the trolley still remain same by conservation of momentum

𝑝𝑖 = 𝑝𝑓

2200 = 220 × 𝑣𝑓

𝑣𝑓 = 10 𝑚/𝑠

∴ option (c) is correct.

35. A particle, initially at rest at origin, starts moving under acceleration 𝑎 along positive 𝑥 direction. The acceleration
versus time graph is shown in figure.
 The displacement and the velocity of the particle after 6 second are:

a) 51 meter, 6 m/s

b) 33 meter, 6 m/s

c) 42 meter, 18 m/s

d) 27 meter, 24 m/s

Sol. (a)

In time 0 − 3 𝑠𝑒𝑐

∆𝑣 = 4 × 3 = 12 𝑚/𝑠

∵ Initial velocity (𝑣1) = 0

∴ 𝑣2 − 𝑣1 = 12 𝑚/𝑠

𝑣2 = 12 𝑚/𝑠

In time 5 − 6 𝑠𝑒𝑐

∆𝑣 =− 6 × 1 =− 6 𝑚/𝑠

∵ Initial velocity at 5 𝑠𝑒𝑐 (𝑣2) = 12 𝑚/𝑠

∴ 𝑣3 − 𝑣2 =− 6

𝑣3 =− 6 + 12

𝑣3 = 6 𝑚/𝑠

∴ final velocity is 6 𝑚/𝑠

2 2
𝑉2−𝑉1 2
(12) −0
Distance traveled in 0 − 3 𝑠𝑒𝑐 (𝑆1) = =
2𝑎 2×4

12×12
𝑆1 = 2×4
= 18 𝑚

Distance traveled in 3 − 5 𝑠𝑒𝑐 (𝑆2) = 𝑣2 × 𝑡

= 12 × 2

= 24 𝑚

2 2
𝑉3−𝑉2
Distance traveled in 5 − 6 𝑠𝑒𝑐 (𝑆3) = 2×𝑎
 2 2
(6) −(12)
𝑆3 = 2×−6
= 9𝑚

Total displacement = 𝑆1 + 𝑆2 + 𝑆3 = 18 + 24 + 9

= 51 𝑚

∴ option (a) is correct

36. Gravitational potential energy of a system of two particles of masses 𝑚1 and 𝑚2, separated by distance 𝑟, is given by
𝐺𝑚1𝑚2
𝑈 =− 𝑟
, where 𝐺 is the universal Gravitational constant.

Consider two stars, each of mass M, initially separated by distance d and at rest with respect to each other. The two
stars start moving towards each other under their mutual gravitational attraction. The stars can be treated as point
objects and motion is assumed non-relativistic. As measured from the laboratory frame, the speed of each star when
𝑑
they are at a distance 2
apart from each other is

𝐺𝑀
a) 𝑑

2𝐺𝑀
b) 𝑑

𝐺𝑀
c) 2𝑑

𝐺𝑀
d) 4𝑑

Sol. (a)

2
−𝐺𝑀
Initial 𝑃. 𝐸(𝑈1) = 𝑑

Initial 𝐾. 𝐸(𝐾1) = 𝑂

2 2
𝐺𝑀 −2𝐺𝑀
final 𝑃. 𝐸. (𝑈2) =− 𝑑 = 𝑑
2

Let final 𝐾. 𝐸 be 𝐾2

By conservation of Energy

𝐾1 + 𝑈1 = 𝑈2 + 𝐾2

( )
2 2
−𝐺𝑀 −2𝐺𝑀
𝐾2 = 𝑈1 − 𝑈2 = 𝑑
− 𝑑

2 2
𝐺𝑀 2𝐺𝑀
𝐾2 =− 𝑑
+ 𝑑

2
𝐺𝑀
𝐾2 = 𝑑
 2
1 2 1 2 𝐺𝑀
2
𝑀𝑉 + 2
𝑀𝑉 = 𝑑

2 𝐺𝑀
𝑉 = 𝑑

𝐺𝑀
⇒ 𝑣𝑓 = 𝑑

∴ option (a) is correct.

37. An engine approaches a vertical cliff with constant speed 72 𝑘𝑚/ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟. When the engine is at a distance 0. 7 𝑘𝑚 from
the cliff, it blows a whistle. The driver hears the echo after a time (Speed of sound in air is 330 𝑚/𝑠.)

a) 3. 88 𝑆

b) 4. 00 𝑆

c) 4. 12 𝑆

d) 4. 24 𝑆

Sol.

Let’s suppose the echo heard by driver in time '𝑡' after blows the whistle

∴ In this time, distance covered by car = 20 𝑡

∴ In this time distance covered by Sound (𝑑) = 700 + (700 − 20𝑡)

= 1400 − 20𝑡

And we know

(𝑑) = 𝑉𝑠𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑 × 𝑡

1400 − 20𝑡 = 330𝑡

1400
𝑡= 350
= 4 𝑠𝑒𝑐

Correct option:- (b)

3 3
38. A vessel contains a liquid − 1 of density 0. 8 𝑔𝑚/𝑐𝑚 over a liquid − 2 of density 13. 6 𝑔𝑚/𝑐𝑚 . The two liquids are
immiscible. A homogeneous solid sphere floats with half of its volume immersed in liquid − 1 and other half in liquid
3
− 2. The density of the material of the sphere in 𝑔𝑚/𝑐𝑚 is
 a) 3. 3

b) 6. 4

c) 7. 2

d) 12. 8

Sol.

As the sphere floats in the liquid. Therefore, it’s weight will be equal to the upthrust force on it.

4 3
Weight of sphere = 3
π𝑅 ρ𝑔 …(i)

Upthrust due to liquid − 1 and liquid − 2

2 3 2 3
= 3
π𝑅 σ𝑙𝑖𝑞−1𝑔 + 3
π𝑅 σ𝑙𝑖𝑞−2𝑔 …(ii)

Equating (i) and (ii)

4 3 2 3 2 3
3
π𝑅 ρ𝑔 = 3
π𝑅 × 0. 8 𝑔 + 3
π𝑅 × 13. 6 𝑔

⇒ 2ρ = 0. 8 + 13. 6 = 14. 4

3
⇒ ρ = 7. 2 𝑔𝑚/𝑐𝑚

Option c is correct

39. One fine morning, Mr. Ravi visited Gandhi park with his grandson. When he was just on a bridge over the lake in the
park, an old wooden toy ‘just’ dropped from his hand. The toy went straight down to hit surface of calm water, then
sinked into water to a certain depth below water surface and returns back due to upthrust of water to the hands of
Mr.Ravi in the same position from where it was dropped. Assuming this position to be at height 19. 6 meter above the
surface of water, and density of material of toy to be just half the density of water in lake, the total time in which toy is
received back to the hand of Mr. Ravi is calculated to be

a) 2 second

b) 4 second

c) 8 second

d) 16 second
Sol.

Velocity at 𝐵 →

𝑟𝑑
from 𝐼𝐼𝐼 equation of motion →

2
𝑣𝐵 = 0 + 2 × 9. 8 × 19. 6

𝑉𝐵 = 19. 6 𝑚/𝑠

Hence time taken from 𝐴 to 𝐵 →

𝑠𝑡
From 𝐼 equation of motion

19. 6 = 9. 8 𝑡 ⇒ 𝑡 = 2 𝑠𝑒𝑐

Time taken from 𝐵 to 𝐶 →

We know at 𝐶, the velocity become zero,

Hence, 𝑂 = 19. 6 − 9. 8𝑡
𝑡 = 2 second

Then time taken from 𝐶 to 𝐵 is also same as 𝐵 to 𝐶 and time taken from 𝐵 to 𝐴 is same as 𝐴 to 𝐵.
Hence Total time (𝑇) = 𝑡𝐴𝐵 + 𝑡𝐵𝐶 + 𝑡𝐶𝐵 + 𝑡𝐵𝐴
𝑇 = 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 8 second
Correct option (c).
40. Two plane mirrors 𝑂𝐴 and 𝑂𝐵 are inclined at an angle θ as shown in figure. A ray of light incident parallel to 𝐵𝑂
strikes the mirror 𝑂𝐴 at point 𝑃. It gets reflected from mirror 𝑂𝐴 and then reflected from the mirror 𝑂𝐵, the ray finally
emerges parallel to 𝑂𝐴. The value of angle θ is

0
a) 90

0
b) 60

0
c) 45

0
d) 30

Sol. (b)

According to geometry

0
net deviation = 180 + θ

And we know

Formula δ

δ𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 2(π − θ)
0 0
180 + θ = 2π − 2θ {2π = 360 }
0 0
3θ = 360 − 180
0
θ = 60
Correct option (b)
41. A long solenoid of length 2 𝑚 and radius 10 𝑐𝑚 having 2000 turns per meter carries a current of 1. 0 𝐴. The strength
of magnetic field (𝐵) is maximum at point

a) 𝐴 at the left end

b) 𝐵 at the right end

c) 𝑂 at the center of solenoid

d) 𝑃 outside the solenoid

Sol. (c)

For a solenoid

µ0𝑛𝑖
𝐵= 2
{𝑠𝑖𝑛 θ1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛 θ2}

µ0 → Permeability of free space

𝑛 → turns per unit length

𝑖 → current

π
For a long Solenoid at center point '𝑃' ϕ = ϕ2 =
1 2

µ0𝑛𝑖
𝐵= 2 {𝑠𝑖𝑛 π
2
+ 𝑠𝑖𝑛
π
2 }
𝐵 = µ0𝑛𝑖 → maximum magnetic field at center.
 2
42. A tank with a square base of area 2. 0 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 is divided by a vertical partition in the middle. The bottom of the
2
partition has a small hinged door of area 10 𝑐𝑚 . The tank is filled with water in one compartment and a liquid of
relative density 1. 8 in other compartment, both to a height 5. 0 meter. The force necessary to keep the door close is
2
approximately (𝑔 = 9. 8 𝑚/𝑠 )

a) 0. 04 𝑁

b) 3. 9 𝑁

c) 39 𝑁

d) Zero

Sol. (c)

δ𝐿 = δ𝑊 × 1. 8

3
δ𝐿 = 1800 𝑘𝑔/𝑚

2 −4
𝐴 = 10 𝑐𝑚 = 10 × 10

−3 2
= 10 𝑚

𝐹𝑊 = Force exerted by water

𝐹𝐿 = Force exerted by liquid

𝐹𝑊 = (ρ𝑤𝑔ℎ + 𝑃𝑎𝑡𝑚)𝐴

𝐹𝐿 = (ρ𝐿𝑔ℎ + 𝑃𝑎𝑡𝑚)𝐴

𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 𝐹𝐿 − 𝐹𝑊

= (ρ𝐿𝑔ℎ + 𝑃𝑎𝑡𝑚 )𝐴 − (ρ𝑤𝑔ℎ + 𝑃𝑎𝑡𝑚)𝐴

= (ρ𝐿 − ρ𝑊)𝑔ℎ𝐴
 −3
= (1800 − 1000) × 9. 8 × 5 × 10
−3
= 800 × 9. 8 × 5 × 10

= 39. 2 𝑁

Option (c)

43. An electron is projected horizontally towards east in uniform magnetic field 𝐵. The electron is deflected towards
north by the magnetic field. The magnetic field is directed

a) East wards

b) West wards

c) Upward

d) Downward

Sol. (c)

By applying Fleming's left hand.

As force acting on negative charge is in the north direction, so force on positive charge will be in south direction,
hence the magnetic field will be in upward direction.

44. Sir 𝐶𝑉 raman announced the discovery of Raman Effect on February 28, 1928. He received 1930 Nobel prize in
Physics for this discovery. Raman Effect is the discovery of

a) Dispersion of light

b) Total Internal Reflection of light

c) Refraction of light

d) Inelastic scattering of light

Sol. (d)

Raman scattering or Raman effect is the inelastic scattering of photons by matter, meaning that there is both an
exchange of energy and a change in light’s direction.
45. Figures (i) to (v) show graphical representation of motion in one-dimension. Here s,v, a and t represent the
displacement, the velocity, the acceleration and the time respectively.

Which of the above graphs represent uniform motion ?

(a) (i) only

(b) (ii) only
(c) (i) (iv) and (v)
(d) (iv) and (v)

Sol.
 Hence option (b) is correct.

46. Three identical electric bulbs 𝐴, 𝐵 and 𝐶 having specification 60 𝑊, 220 𝑉 are connected across a 220 𝑉 supply as
shown. The total power dissipated in three bulbs is close to
 a) 180 𝑊

b) 60 𝑊

c) 30 𝑊

d) 40 𝑊

Sol. (d)

Given: (60 𝑊, 220 𝑉)

↓ ↓

𝑃𝑟 𝑉𝑟

𝑃𝑟 = rated power

𝑉𝑟 = rated voltage

2
𝑉𝑟
𝑅= 𝑃𝑟
= ( 220×220
60 )Ω
2
𝑉 220×220
Power consumed ⇒ 𝑃𝐶 = = 3𝑅
𝑅𝑒𝑞
2

2×220×220
⇒ 𝑃𝐶 = 220×220
3× 60

2×60
= 3
 𝑃𝐶 = 40 𝑊

Option (d)

47. A copper wire is stretched to decrease its radius by 0. 15%. The percentage change in the resistance of wire is

a) + 0. 3%

b) − 0. 3%

c) + 0. 6%

d) − 0. 6%

Sol.

ρ𝑙
∵𝑅 = 𝐴
…(1)

Volume of the conductor remain same

𝑉=𝐴×𝑙

So, 𝑙 = ( ) …(2)
𝑉
𝐴

From eq (1) & (2)

𝑉
δ× 𝐴 δ𝑉
𝑅= 𝐴
= 2
𝐴

2
∵ 𝐴 = π𝑟

𝑅=
δ𝑉
(π𝑟 )
2 2 = ( ) δ𝑉
2
π ×𝑟
4

Now apply error method

∆𝑅
𝑅
× 100 =
∆δ
δ
× 100 +
∆𝑉
𝑉
× 100 + 4 × ( ∆𝑟
𝑟 )
× 100

= 4 × (0. 15)

∆𝑅
𝑅
× 100 = 0. 6%

Hence : option (c)

48. Speed of sound in air is directly proportional to square root of absolute temperature of air (keeping other parameters
constant). The speed of sound in air at 273 𝐾 and 1 atm is 332 𝑚/𝑠.On a clear day, when temperature in the
 0
laboratory was 27 𝐶, an experiment was performed to measure the speed of sound in air in the laboratory. The
measured value comes out to be 352 𝑚/𝑠. the percentage error in this measurement is

a) 0. 2%

b) 1. 15%

c) 3. 15%

d) 6. 02%

Sol. (b)

Given: 𝑉α 𝑇 ⇒ 𝑉 = 𝐾 𝑇

at 𝑇0 = 273𝑘, 𝑃α = 1 𝑎𝑡𝑚, 𝑉0 = 332𝑚/𝑠

0
at 𝑇 = 27 𝐶 = 273 + 27 = 300 𝑘

Measured value = 𝑉𝑚 = 352 𝑚/𝑠

let 𝑉ϵ = Exact speed of sound at 300 𝑘

∵ 𝑉0 = 𝑘 273

𝑉ϵ = 300

𝑉ϵ 300
𝑉0
= 273
= 1. 048

𝑉ϵ = 1. 048 × 𝑉0 = 1. 048 × 332

𝑉ϵ = 348 𝑚/𝑠

| ∆𝑉 | |𝑉ϵ−𝑉𝑚|
% age error:- | 𝑉 | × 100 = × 100
| ϵ| 𝑉ϵ

348−352
= || 348
| × 100
|

4
= || 348 || × 100 = 1. 149%

= 1. 15%

Option (b) is correct.

49. Which of the following evolutionary lineages of man can be categorized under prehistoric man?

a) Ramapithecus

b) Homo habilis
 c) Homo sapiens fossilis

d) Homo heidelbergensis

Sol. (b) and (d)

Human evolution is generally studied with the evolution of apes as they are closely related to man than any other
animal.

Ramapithecus evolved prior to ape man.

Homo habilis and Homo heidelbergensis are categorized under prehistoric man whereas Homo sapiens fossils is

categorized under historic man.

Ans: (b) and (d)

50. Select the set of diseases caused by deficiency of 𝐵 − complex Vitamins:

a) Beri-Beri & Pelagra

b) Dermatitis & Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome

c) Cheilosis & Pernicious anaemia

d) Marasmus & Kwashiorkor

Sol. (a,b & c )

The diseases in options 𝑎, 𝑏 & 𝑐 are vitamin-B complex deficiency diseases while Kwashiorkor and Marasmus are
protein deficiency diseases.

Vitamin Deficiency Diseases

𝐵1 Beri-Beri, Wernicke Korsakoff syndrome

𝐵2 Cheilosis

𝐵3 Pellagra

𝐵6 Dermatitis

𝐵12 Pernicious anaemia

51. After rainy season, a Biology teacher took the students on a plant collection tour. From a pond, they collected a
beaker of water with aquatic plants in it. The students are likely to find which of the following organisms in it?

a) Spirogyra, Azolla, Riccia fluitans & Cosmarium

b) Ulothrix, Chlorella, Chara & Ricciocarpus natans

 c) Marchantia, Funaria, Lycopodium & Gnetum

d) Salvinia molesta, Azolla, Chlorella & Cladophora

Sol. (a,b,d)

Water was collected from pond, which means it will have the presence of freshwater plants.

In option C, Gnetum is a Gymnosperm and Lycopodium is a Pteridophyta. Both are land plants.

52. Various parts of mammalian uriniferous tubules (nephrons), play an important role in Urine formation through
processes like ultrafiltration, selective reabsorption by active transport, reabsorption by passive osmosis and
secretion. While the filtrate flows through different parts of the uriniferous tubules (Numbered 1-6 in the diagram
given below), not only its volume is reduced but its composition is also considerably changed, due to exchange of
materials between the filtrate and the blood of the peritubular capillaries.

From among the numbered parts (1-6) in the above diagram, the options are given in a manner that they highlight
two aspects separately, i.e., parts(s) having columnar epithelial cells with ‘brush border’, suitable for reabsorption and
those parts completely or poorly permeable to water. Select-out the desired options :

a) 4, 5

b) 1

c) 2, 3

d) 2, 3, 6

Sol. (b,c,d)

Descending limb is permeable to water and the ascending limb of the loop of Henle is impermeable/poorly
permeable to water.

Proximal convoluted tubule is lined by simple cuboidal brush border epithelium.

Loop of Henle is lined by simple squamous epithelium.

 Collecting duct is also permeable to water and is lined by cuboidal epithelium.

80% water is reabsorbed in 𝑃𝐶𝑇.

Option : B,C,D are correct.

0
53. The 0. 01 𝑀 𝑁𝐻4𝐶𝑙 solution at 25 𝐶 has:

− −2
a) [𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑞] < 10 𝑀

− −2
b) [𝑁𝐻4 𝑎𝑞] < 10 𝑀

c) 𝑝𝑂𝐻 > 7

+ −7
d) [𝐻 ] < 10 𝑀

Sol. (b,c,d)

𝑁𝐻4𝐶𝑙 + 𝐻2𝑂 ⥢ 𝑁𝐻4𝑂𝐻 + 𝐻𝐶𝑙

+ − + −
𝑁𝐻4 + 𝐶𝑙 + 𝐻2𝑂 ⥢ 𝑁𝐻4𝑂𝐻 + 𝐻 + 𝐶𝑙

+ +
𝑁𝐻4 + 𝐻2𝑂 ⥢ 𝑁𝐻4𝑂𝐻 + 𝐻

𝑁𝐻4𝐶𝑙 is a salt of strong acid and weak base. It does not ionise completely as shown above.

+
Its solution would be acidic in nature since it produce 𝐻 ions.

+ −2
∴ [𝑁𝐻4 ] < 10 𝑀,

+ −7
[𝐻 ] > 10 𝑀 and

𝑝𝑂𝐻 > 7

Hence, the correct options are (b),(c),(d).

54. Amphoteric nature of 𝐴𝐼2𝑂3 is employed in which of the following process/es?

a) Bayer’s process

b) Hall’s process

c) Serpek’s process

d) Dow’s process

Sol. a & b

In Hall’s process :

Concentration of Bauxite is done by :-

 𝐴𝐼2𝑂3. 2𝐻2𝑜(𝑆) + 𝑁𝑎2𝐶𝑂3(𝑎𝑞) → 2𝑁𝑎𝐴𝐼𝑂2(𝑎𝑞) + 𝐶𝑂2(𝑔) + 2𝐻2𝑂(𝑅)

2𝑁𝑎𝐴𝐼𝑂2(𝑎𝑞) + 3𝐻2𝑂 + 𝐶𝑂2(𝑔) → 2𝐴𝐼(𝑂𝐻)3 ↓ + 𝑁𝑎2𝐶𝑂3

𝐴𝐼(𝑂𝐻)3 𝐴𝐼2𝑂3 + 3𝐻2𝑂

Alumina (Pure)

Bayer’s process : Concentration of Bauxite :

𝐴𝐼2𝑂3. 2𝐻2𝑜 + 2𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 → 2𝑁𝑎𝐴𝐼𝑂2 + 2𝐻2𝑂

(Impure) 𝑁𝑎𝐴𝐼𝑂2 + 2𝐻2𝑂 → 𝐴𝐼2(𝑂𝐻)3 ↓ + 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻

𝐴𝐼(𝑂𝐻)3 𝐴𝐼2𝑂3 + 3𝐻2𝑂

Alumina (Pure)

Answer: In both option A and B Amphoteric nature of 𝐴𝐼2𝑂3 is employed.

55. As a general trend the First Ionization Energy (𝐼𝐸1) of elements decreases on moving down in a group in the periodic
table. Keeping the observation in mind select the correct order of elements with respect to their 𝐼𝐸1

I. 𝐿𝑖 > 𝑁𝑎 > 𝐾 > 𝑅𝑏 > 𝐶𝑆 > 𝐹𝑟

II. 𝐿𝑖 > 𝑁𝑎 > 𝐾 > 𝑅𝑏 > 𝐶𝑆 < 𝐹𝑟

III. 𝑆𝑟 < 𝐵𝑎 > 𝑅𝑎

IV. 𝑆𝑟 > 𝐵𝑎 < 𝑅𝑎

V. 𝐶𝑢 > 𝐴𝑔 > 𝐴𝑢

VI. 𝐶𝑢 > 𝐴𝑔 < 𝐴𝑢

VII. 𝐶𝑑 > 𝐻𝑔

VIII. 𝐶𝑑 < 𝐻𝑔

a) 𝐼, 𝑉, 𝑉𝐼𝐼

b) 𝐼𝐼, 𝐼𝑉, 𝑉𝐼𝐼𝐼

c) 𝐼𝐼𝐼, 𝑉, 𝑉𝐼𝐼

d) 𝐼𝐼, 𝑉𝐼, 𝑉𝐼𝐼𝐼

Sol. (b,d)
 For alkali metals, the order of 𝐼𝐸1, is 𝐿𝑖 > 𝑁𝑎 > 𝐾 > 𝑅𝑏 > 𝐶𝑠 < 𝐹𝑟

Francium has slightly greater 𝐼𝐸1, than 𝐶𝑠 due to relativistic effect.

- Order of 𝐼𝐸1 for 𝑆𝑟, 𝐵𝑎 and 𝑅𝑎 is 𝑅𝑎 > 𝑆𝑟 > 𝐵𝑎

𝑅𝑎 has poor shielding due to the lanthanoid contraction.

So, order will be 𝑆𝑟 > 𝐵𝑎 < 𝑅𝑎

10 1
- 𝐶𝑢 − 3𝑑 4𝑠

10 1
− 𝐴𝑔 − 4𝑑 5𝑠

14 10 1
𝐴𝑢 − 4𝑓 5𝑑 6𝑠

In 𝐶𝑢, 4𝑠 electron has to be removed while in 𝐴𝑔, 5𝑠 electron has to be removed. So, 𝐼𝐸1 of 𝐶𝑢 > 𝐴𝑔

For 𝐴𝑢, due to improper shielding nuclear charge increases. So, 𝐴𝑢 > 𝐴𝑔.

So, order is 𝐴𝑢 > 𝐶𝑢 > 𝐴𝑔

So, order will be 𝐶𝑢 > 𝐴𝑔 < 𝐴𝑢

- Hg has week shielding of 𝑓 −orbitals.

So, 𝐻𝑔 > 𝐶𝑑.

So, statement 𝐼𝐼, 𝐼𝑉, 𝑉𝐼, 𝑉𝐼𝐼𝐼 are correct.

∴ Correct answer is (b) and (d).

56. Two containers each containing water in liquid state are connected by a valve as shown in the diagram

Given that vapour pressure of water at 300 𝐾 and 350 𝐾 are 22 torr and 40 torr, select correct statement(s):

a) The final pressure in each container after the valve is opened, while keeping the containers at their
respective temperatures, is equal but more than 22 torr.
 b) The final pressure in each container after the vale is opened, while keeping the containers at their
respective temperatures, is 40 torr.
c) Mass of water is decreased in container 𝑋.
d) Mass of water is decreased in container 𝑌.

Sol. (a & d)

The vapour pressure in container 𝑌 is higher than vapour pressure in the container 𝑋. When the valve is opened,
vapours from 𝑋 will rush towards 𝑌 side & a new physical equilibrium will be re-established. As temperature an 𝑌 side
is higher it will produce more vapours & mass of water will decrease on 𝑌 side but it will increase on 𝑋 side. So, final
pressure of both sides will be equal, but higher than 22 torr.

So, the right options are both a & d.

57. Two blocks 𝑀1 and 𝑀2 of masses 3 𝑘𝑔 and 6 𝑘𝑔 respectively are connected through a string and spring balance 𝐵1.
The string passes over a massless and frictionless pulley 𝑃. The pulley is suspended from a rigid support through
spring balance 𝐵2. Strings are massless and inextensible. Masses of spring balances are negligible. The system is
2
released from rest. At the instant when masses 𝑀1 and 𝑀2 are moving with same speed (𝑔 = 9. 8 𝑚/𝑠𝑒𝑐 )

a) reading of 𝐵1 is 4. 5 𝑘𝑔 𝑤𝑡.
b) reading of 𝐵1 is 4. 0 𝑘𝑔 𝑤𝑡.
c) reading of 𝐵2 is 9. 8 𝑘𝑔 𝑤𝑡.
9.8 −2
d) acceleration of 𝑀1 is 3
𝑚𝑆

Sol.
 𝑀2𝑔 − 𝑇 = 𝑀2𝑎 …(1)

𝑇 − 𝑀1𝑔 = 𝑀1𝑎 …(2)

(1)+(2)

(𝑀2 − 𝑀1)𝑔 = (𝑀1 + 𝑀2)𝑎

𝑎= ( 𝑀2−𝑀1
𝑀1+𝑀2 ) 𝑔= ( ) × 9. 8
6−3
9

9.8 2
𝑎= 3
𝑚/𝑆

2𝑚1𝑚2 2×6×3
𝐵1 = 𝑇 = 𝑚1+𝑚2
×𝑔= 6+3
× 9. 8

2×6×3
𝐵1 = 9
× 9. 8 = 4 × 9. 8

𝐵1 = 4 𝑘𝑔 𝑤𝑡
𝐵2 = 2𝑇 = 2 × 4 = 8 𝑘𝑔 𝑤𝑡

∴ Option (b,d) are correct.

58. Focal length of a thin convex lens is 10 𝑐𝑚. An object is placed at a distance 15 𝑐𝑚 in front of the lens and a plane
mirror is kept at 20 𝑐𝑚 on the other side as shown in figure.

a) The final image is formed at distance 10 𝑐𝑚 from lens towards the mirror

b) The final image is formed at a distance 30 𝑐𝑚 from lens means 10 𝑐𝑚 behind the mirror.

c) The final image has magnification 𝑚 =− 2

d) The final image has magnification 𝑚 =+ 2

Sol.

By Applying Len’s formula

1 1 1
10
= 𝑣
− −15

This image acts as a virtual object for the mirror, and by properties of the plane mirror.
 Final image will be formed at

Distance 10 𝑐𝑚 from the lens towards the mirror, and Magnification

𝑣 30
𝑚= 𝑢
= −15
=− 2

Correct option (a) and (c)

59. Given network of 18 resistors, each equal to 𝑅 = 3 Ω, is connected in series with resistor 𝑅0 to a source
𝑒𝑚𝑓 = 9 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑡. Choose the correct option.

a) Current drawn from battery is 1. 5 𝐴

b) Potential difference between 𝐴 and 𝐵 is 7. 5 𝑉
c) Electrical power dissipated in 𝑅0 is 2. 25 watt
d) Electrical power dissipated in network between 𝐴 and 𝐵 is 12. 25 watt.

Sol. (a,b & c).

 𝑅𝑒𝑞 = 2𝑅

𝑅𝑒𝑞 = 2 × 3

𝑅𝑒𝑞 = 6 Ω

𝑉
𝑖= 𝑅

9
𝑖= 6
= 1. 5 𝐴 Option (a)

b)
 𝑉𝐴 − 𝑉𝐵 = 𝑖 ( ) 5𝑅
3

3 5×3
= 2
× 3

= 7. 5𝑉 Option (B)

2 𝑅
c) 𝑃 = 𝑖 3

3 2
= ( )
2
×
3
3
=
27
12
= 2. 25 𝑊 Option (C)

d) 𝑃 = 𝑉𝑖

3
= 7. 5 × 2

= 11. 25 𝑊 option (d) is incorrect

Options (a), (b) and (c) are correct.

60. Two bodies of masses 𝑚1 = 2 𝑘𝑔 and 𝑚2 = 1 𝑘𝑔 are moving towards each other in the same straight line with speed
12 𝑚/𝑠 and 6 𝑚/𝑠 respectively as shown in figure. The bodies can be assumed as point masses. After some time, the
two bodies undergo elastic collision. After the collision

(a) The two bodies merely exchange their velocities

(b) 𝑚1 comes to rest
(c ) 𝑚2 moves with speed 18 𝑚/𝑠 towards right
(d) 𝑚1and 𝑚2 move with same speeds but they reverse their directions of motion.

Sol.

Given: Elastic collision

Apply linear momentum conservation

𝑚1𝑢1 + 𝑚2𝑢2 = 𝑚1𝑣1 + 𝑚2𝑣2

2 × 12 + 1 × (− 6) = 2 × 𝑣1 + 1𝑣2

24 − 6 = 2𝑣1 + 𝑣2

18 = 2𝑣1 + 𝑣2 …(1)

𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑒𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑉2−𝑉1

∵𝑒 = 𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑎𝑐ℎ
= 12+6
=1

𝑣2 − 𝑣1 = 18 …(2)

Now solve equation (1) & (2)

𝑣1 = 0 𝑚/𝑠

𝑣2 = 18 𝑚/𝑠

Option (b) & (c) are correct.