Subordination Clause

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Subordination Clause

A subordination clause is a clause in an agreement which states that the


current claim on any debts will take priority over any other claims formed in
other agreements made in the future. Subordination is the act of yielding
priority.

Breaking Down Subordination Clause


When a home is foreclosed and liquidated for cash, the first mortgage lender
gets first dibs on the sale proceeds. Any money that remains is used to pay
down a second mortgage, and so on. The further down the mortgage tier
a claimant sits, the less chance it has of recovering its loan amount. To adjust
the priority of a loan in the event of default, a lender may demand a
subordination clause, without which loans take chronological precedence.

A subordination clause effectively makes the current claim in the agreement


senior to any other agreements that come along after the original agreement.
These clauses are most commonly seen in mortgage contracts and bond
issue agreements. For example, if a company issues bonds in the market
with a subordination clause, it ensures that if more bonds are issued in the
future, the original bondholders will receive payment before the company
pays all other debt issued after it. This is added protection for the original
bondholders as the likelihood of them getting their investment back is higher
with a subordination clause.

Subordination clauses are most commonly found in mortgage refinancing


agreements. Consider a homeowner with a primary mortgage and a second
mortgage. If the homeowner refinances his primary mortgage, this in effect
means canceling the first mortgage and reissuing a new one. When this
happens, the second mortgage moves up the tier to primary status, and the
new mortgage becomes subordinate to the second mortgage. Due to this
change in priority, most first lenders require that the second lender provide
and sign a subordination agreement, agreeing to remain in its original
secondary position. Normally, this process is a standard procedure of a
refinance. But, if the borrower’s financial situation has worsened, or if the
value of the property has significantly declined, the second mortgage creditor
may be unwilling to execute the subordination clause.

If the second lien holder provides a subordination clause, it allows the primary
mortgages on the same property to have a higher claim. Should repayment
become an issue, such as in bankruptcy, the subordinate loans would fall
behind the original mortgage, and may not be paid at all.

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