NSTP 1 Pollution

POLLUTION
o Environmental Pollution can be defined as any undesirable change in physical,

chemical, or biological characteristics of any component of the environment i.e. air,
water, soil which can cause harmful effects on various forms of life or property.
o Pollution: The term pollution can be defined as influence of any substance causing
nuisance, harmful effects, and uneasiness to the organisms.
o Pollutant: Any substance causing nuisance or harmful effects or uneasiness to the
organisms, then that particular substance may be called as the pollutant.
TYPES OF POLLUTION:
 Water Pollution
 Land Pollution
 Air Pollution
 Noise Pollution
 Radio Active Pollution
WATER POLLUTION
 It is the contamination of water sources by substances which make the water unusable
for drinking, cooking, cleaning, swimming, and other activities.
CAUSES OF WATER POLLUTION
 spills or leaks from oil and chemical containers

 trade effluent going into surface water drains instead of foul water drains, or straight
into watercourses
 removing too much water from surface waters and groundwater
 run-off containing fertilizers and pesticides from farming into surface waters
 run-off containing salt during winter months
 silt and soil from construction sites and bank erosion on farms
 wash waters and waste products
 fuel spills
 releases of hot water
 spills of food products, ex. dairy products and fruit juice
EFFECTS OF WATER POLLUTION
 Depletion of drinking water supplies

 Disease
 Eutrophication
 Food chain disruption
 Agriculture
 Economic impacts
PREVENTION OF WATER POLLUTION
 Conserve water by turning off the tap when running water is not necessary. This helps
prevent water shortages and reduces the amount of contaminated water that needs
treatment.
 Don’t throw paints, oils or other forms of litter down the drain. Use environmentally
household products, such as washing powder, household cleaning agents and toiletries.
 Take great care not to overuse pesticides and fertilizers. This will prevent runoffs of the
material into nearby water sources.
 By having more plants in your garden you are preventing fertilizer, pesticides and
contaminated water from running off into nearby water sources.
 Don’t throw litter into rivers, lakes or oceans. Help clean up any litter you see on
beaches or in rivers and lakes, make sure it is safe to collect the litter and put it in a
nearby dustbin.
LAND POLLUTION
 It is the deposition of solid or liquid waste materials on land or underground in a manner
that can contaminate the soil and groundwater, threaten public health, and cause
unsightly conditions and nuisances.
CAUSES OF LAND POLLUTION
 Agricultural Activities
 Mining Activities
 Urbanization
 Nuclear Waste
EFFECTS OF LAND POLLUTION
 Climate Change
 Acid Rain
 Deterioration of fields
 Respiratory health problems
PREVENTION OF LAND POLLUTION
 Reduce your electricity consumption

 Use renewable energy sources
 Limit your vehicle emissions
 Limit your consumption of material goods
 Recycle as much as you can
 Use less plastic
 Reduce your paper consumption
 Encourage your government to preserve forested areas
 Plant trees
 Dispose of toxic chemicals properly
AIR POLLUTION
 It is the contamination of the indoor or outdoor environment by any chemical, physical or

biological agent that modifies the natural characteristics of the atmosphere. Air pollution
can be classified into two sections – invisible and visible air pollution.
CAUSES OF AIR POLLUTION
 The burning of fossil fuels

 Agricultural Activities
 Waste in Landfills
 Exhaust from factories and industries
 Mining Operations
 Indoor air pollution
 Natural Events
EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION
 Respiratory and Heart Problems

 Child Health Problems
 Global Warming
 Acid Rain
 Eutrophication
 Effect on Wildlife
 Depletion of the Ozone Layer
PREVENTION OF AIR POLLUTION
 Use the Public Mode of the Transportation

 Better Household Practices
 Conserve Energy
 Understand the Concept of Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle
 Emphasis on Clean Energy Resources
NOISE POLLUTION
 It is an invisible danger. It cannot be seen, but it is present nonetheless, both on land

and under the sea. Noise pollution is considered to be any unwanted or disturbing sound
that affects the health and well-being of humans and other organisms.
CAUSES OF NOISE POLLUTION
 Traffic Noise
 Air Traffic Noise
 Construction Sites
 Catering and Night Life
 Animals
EFFECTS OF NOISE POLLUTION
 Physical
 Psychological
 Sleep and Behavioural Disorders
 Memory and Concentrations
PREVENTION OF NOISE POLLUTION

 International bodies like the WHO agree that awareness of noise pollution is essential to
beat this invisible enemy. For example: avoid very noisy leisure activities, opt for
alternatives means of transport such as bicycles or electric vehicles over taking the car,
do your housework at recommended times, and insulate homes with noise-absorbing
materials.
 Governments can also take measures to ensure correct noise management and
reduce noise pollution. For example: protecting certain areas
— parts of the countryside, areas of natural interest, city parks,
— from noise, establishing regulations that include preventive and corrective measures,
— mandatory separation between residential zones and sources of noise like airports,
fines for exceeding noise limits,
— installing noise insulation in new buildings, creating pedestrian areas where traffic is
only allowed to enter to offload goods at certain times, replacing traditional asphalt with
more efficient options that can reduce traffic noise by up to 3 dB, among others.
RADIOACTIVE POLLUTION
 It occurs when there is a presence or depositions of radioactive materials in the

atmosphere or environment, especially where their presence is accidental and when it
presents an environmental threat due to radioactive decay.
CAUSES OF RADIOACTIVE POLLUTION
 Nuclear Accidents from Nuclear Energy Generation Plants

 The Use of Nuclear Weapons as Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD)
 Use of Radioisotopes
 Mining
 Spillage of Radioactive Chemicals
 Tests on Radiation
 Cosmic Rays and Other Natural Sources
 Nuclear Waste Handling and Disposal
 Defensive Weapon Production
EFFECTS OF RADIOACTIVE POLLUTION

 Genetic Mutations
 Diseases
 Soil Infertility
 Cell Destruction
 Burns
 Effects on Wildlife
 Effects on Plants
 Effects on Marine Life
PREVENTION OF RADIOACTIVE POLLUTION
 Proper Method of Disposing of Radioactive Waste

 Proper Labeling
 Banning of Nuclear Tests
 Alternative Energy Sources
 Proper Storage
 Reusing
 Precautions at the Personal Level

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POLLUTION

o Environmental Pollution can be defined as any undesirable change in physical,

CAUSES OF WATER POLLUTION

 spills or leaks from oil and chemical containers

EFFECTS OF WATER POLLUTION

 Depletion of drinking water supplies

PREVENTION OF WATER POLLUTION

CAUSES OF LAND POLLUTION

EFFECTS OF LAND POLLUTION

PREVENTION OF LAND POLLUTION

 Reduce your electricity consumption

 It is the contamination of the indoor or outdoor environment by any chemical, physical or

CAUSES OF AIR POLLUTION

 The burning of fossil fuels

EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION

 Respiratory and Heart Problems

PREVENTION OF AIR POLLUTION

 Use the Public Mode of the Transportation

 It is an invisible danger. It cannot be seen, but it is present nonetheless, both on land

CAUSES OF NOISE POLLUTION

EFFECTS OF NOISE POLLUTION

PREVENTION OF NOISE POLLUTION

 It occurs when there is a presence or depositions of radioactive materials in the

CAUSES OF RADIOACTIVE POLLUTION

 Nuclear Accidents from Nuclear Energy Generation Plants

EFFECTS OF RADIOACTIVE POLLUTION

PREVENTION OF RADIOACTIVE POLLUTION

 Proper Method of Disposing of Radioactive Waste

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