LITERASI BAHASA INGGRIS

teks 1 - 3 When it enters the ocean, plastic waste disrupts

marine ecosystems, travels to central locations,
and forms a trash island which can cover an area
of more than 1.6 million square km. These
plastics never degrade, but rather break up into
smaller sizes. They eventually become
microplastics that stay in the environment for
hundreds of years.

Scientists at the University of California San

Diego have invented a new biodegradable
material that is designed to replace the commonly
used plastics. The material started to biodegrade
in seawater within four weeks. The team found
that various marine organisms colonize the
material and break it into nutrients for their
consumption.

The research of this new plastic is joined by

(Adapted from
experts in biology, chemistry, and marine science.
https://www.careerride.com/view/competition-in-sc
They have shown that it is possible to make
hools-should-be-moderated-16658.aspx)
durable plastics that also can degrade in the
ocean. Plastics should not be going into the
1. Who suggested moderating the school
ocean in the first place. But now, if they do, this
competition in order to create a healthy one?
new plastic can become food for microorganisms
a. Mohades_002
and not harmful trash.
b. Lexi_122
c. Ardillo_87
Adapted from:
d. Deepa Kaushik
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/09/2
e. Harish Kumar
20922103215.htm

2. The word “persists” in Harish Kumar’s post is

TEXT 2
closest in meaning to …. pressist: continue to exist
Plastic is everywhere and important to the growth
a. occurs terjadi, timbul, berlaku
of many industries, such as packaging, building,
b. remains tetap, tersisa, masih
and automotive. About 83.5% of consumer
c. continues terus, lanjut
products rely on plastic in some ways. Food
d. prevails berlaku
without plastic packaging would spoil long before
e. stays tinggal, tetap
it reaches consumers’ fridges. PVC pipes made
of plastic are an essential building part that
3. What is the tone of the thread regarding the
reduce leakage and corrosion to conserve water
school competition?
and energy. Plastics make cars dramatically
a. encouraging
lighter, which increases fuel efficiency.
b. passionate
c. objective
Researchers have been working to improve the
d. biased
plastic recycling process since it was realized that
e. humorous
plastic was harming the environment. Recycling
plastic not only helps the environment and
teks 4 - 6
reduces trash, but it also creates more jobs. The
TEXT 1
recycling sector generates up to 30 times more
In 2010, researchers estimated that 8 billion kg of
jobs than the common disposal sector. In fact,
plastic entered the ocean in a single year, and
Tellus Institute reports that over 1.5 million new
that number would sharply increase by 2025.
LITERASI BAHASA INGGRIS
jobs would be created if the national recycling 6. Based on information from the two texts, which
rate could be increased to 75%. of the following will most likely happen in the
future?
Modern recycling techniques can transform a. Plastic waste in the ocean is unavoidable.
plastic into more useful products. Some experts b. It is impossible to preserve customer food
have seen the opportunity to make jet fuel from without biodegradable plastics.
plastic. However, even a simple recycling strategy c. Disposing plastic waste into seawater will
has commercial benefits. Over 3 million plastic create more job opportunities.
bottles have already been converted into pillow d. Marine organisms can be used to recycle
fillers by IHG Hotels & Resorts. Customers are plastics into pillows.
happy to sleep well and use a product that e. There is no need to completely ban plastic
benefits the environment, according to IHG. And it usage from this world.
is all thanks to plastic.
teks 7 - 10
(Adapted from: Text 1
https://thisisplastics.com/economics/a-web-of-wea You’ve been working and saving for decades for
lth-the-economic-benefits-of-plastics/) just this moment: retirement. Even though you
may be ready to stop working full-time, now
4. Which of the following statements is an opinion comes the hard part: letting yourself use your
from Text 1? savings, since you no longer will be bringing in
a. These plastics never degrade, but rather that paycheck, which until now has covered your
break up into smaller sizes. monthly expenses. Making the psychological shift
b. Recycling plastic not only helps the from saver to spender is no small effort for most
environment and reduces trash, but it also people.
creates more jobs.
c. Plastics should not be going into the “Now you have this lump sum and have to draw it
ocean in the first place. down. For some it’s almost physically painful,”
d. They eventually become microplastics that said David John, a senior strategic policy advisor.
stay in the environment for hundreds of Unpredictable factors like market performance,
years. life expectancy and health issues make spending
e. Customers are happy to sleep well and your money easier said than done. That’s why
use a product that benefits the people may be hesitant to tap their savings
environment. because they think, “I have X dollars and it has to
last me my whole life, but I have a very uncertain
5. What is the relationship between Texts 1 and future. So, if I touch that I’m putting myself at
2? risk.”
a. Text 1 discusses the biodegradable
material used in many useful products Research shows that among retirees with
explained in Text 2. savings, many do not draw down very much,
b. Text 1 explains how biodegradable choosing instead to live off fixed sources of funds,
material can help improve the plastic such as Social Security or pensions or income
recycling process discussed in Text 2. from part-time work they take up. A study found
c. Both texts explain what scientists have that the vast majority of retirees in America still
done to provide plastics which do not have at least 80% of their savings after two
harm the environment. decades in retirement. No doubt this is partly
d. Text 2 explains how new plastic material because they are among the last generation of
mentioned in Text 1 is recycled to create workers to benefit from corporate pensions.
more jobs.
e. Text 2 discusses the plastic recycling The psychological reluctance to tap one’s savings
process that has been improved by the is a factor for most people regardless of their
research findings explained in Text 1. financial condition. It may become more acute for
soon-to-be retirees as they face inflation, unstable
LITERASI BAHASA INGGRIS
markets and a lack of pensions, John said. 7. What is the main idea of Text 1?
They’re trying to figure out who they are now that a. Life uncertainty is happening among
their primary career is over and figuring out what newly retired people in America.
they can and can’t do financially b. There are some reasons why retirees use
their savings.
Adapted from c. The retirees’ financial condition affects
https://edition.cnn.com/2022/10/03/business/mon how much they are willing to spend their
ey/spending-savings-in-retirement-psychological- savings.
adjustment/index.html d. Most retirees in America do not use their
savings a lot in retirement.
Test 2 e. How the newly retired people spend their
It’s hard to manage your money well in retirement savings is quite similar.
unless you’re realistic about what you have. The
first thing to do is to make a budget and sketch
out a plan to cover your expenses. 8. Which of the following best restates the second
sentence in Paragraph 1 in Text 2?
Before retiring, keep track of your spending and a. Covering all costs is the first thing to plan
regular expenses, like housing, food, health care, in relation to budget expenses.
etc. Then assess how those expenses might b. Preparing a budget and drafting a plan of
change in retirement (e.g., if you plan to move to your costs is the first thing you should
a less expensive home or area; and if your carry out.
insurance costs will be subsidized by your old c. Planning and calculating the budget
employer). expenses is the first thing to be carried
out.
You should also consider paying for a child’s d. Drafting your plan that includes your costs
wedding, buying a car, or taking a major vacation. should be done first to prepare a good
Then assess what fixed income you will have budget.
come in (e.g., Social Security or pension e. Budgeting and planning should be
payments). The difference between your prepared first to be able to pay your costs.
expected spending and your fixed income is the
amount you will need to draw from your savings. 9. The purpose of Text 2 is to ….
a. provide advice for newly retired people on
It would also help to consult with a professional. A how to manage their money in retirement.
financial advisor can help you strategize how to b. explain the process of managing your
manage and use your money in the years ahead. expenses during retirement
The one common feeling is that people say they c. explain how to get a professional financial
are overwhelmed with all the choices they need to advisor to manage your savings after you
make to live off their savings in retirement. With retire
the different types of accounts many have, the d. discuss what newly retired people should
potential for penalties and higher taxes if do to monitor their expenses
withdrawals are taken incorrectly and sorting out e. argue which investment is the best for
how their investments may need to shift for retirement income.
retirement income, it can be a lot for a new retiree
to get their head around.
10. Which of the following statements shows the
Adapted from author’s positive attitude toward an investment
https://edition.cnn.com/2022/10/03/business/mon analyst?
ey/spending-savings-in-retirement-psychological- a. For some it’s almost physically painful,”
adjustment/index.html said David John, a senior strategic policy
advisor.
LITERASI BAHASA INGGRIS
b. No doubt this is partly because they are
among the last generation of workers to
benefit from corporate pensions
c. They’re trying to figure out who they are
now that their primary career is over and
figuring out what they can and can’t do
financially
d. It’s hard to manage your money well in
retirement unless you’re realistic about
what you have.
e. A financial advisor can help you strategize
how to manage and use your money in
the years ahead.