\TXJTAGNL LO\T IJ@JGAIA@T

IJ@JGAIA@T JLLOQ@
 JLLOQ@TN@G
TN@G & EN@J@LNJK JLLOQ@TN@G
Hjsnl Lo`lapts

Ij`jgaia`t  “
 “ ns tba prolass oe pkj``n`g, orgj`nzn`g, j`d lo`trokkn`g j lartjn` tjsc to rajknza tba ohmaltnvas oe tba orgj`nzjtno`.

Hjsnl Eu`ltno`s oe Ij`jgaia`t 

:. Vkj``n`g  n`vokvas sattn`g niiadnjta j`d ko`g-tari ohmaltnvas j`d dalndn`g wbnlb jktar`jtnva ns hast suntad to jttjn` tba
sat ohmaltnvas.
8. Orgj`nzn`g  n`vokvas dalndn`g bow to utnknza jvjnkjhka rasourlas js pkj`s jra ljrrnad out j`d tjlckn`g jltnvntnas `alassjry
to jlbnava ohmaltnvas sulb js stjen`g, suhordn`jtn`g, dnraltn`g j`d iotnvjtn`g.

<. Lo`tsboukd
tjca   n`vokvas
rokkn`gtbara loipjrn`g
ha j`y davnjtno` jltujk pareorij`la
(vjrnj`la) wntb
wntb sat
hatwaa` jltujk pkj`s
j`d j`d stj`djrds
pkj``ad j`d dalndn`g wbjt lorraltnva jltno`s to
pareorij`la.

@OTA= Dalnsno`-ijcn`g ns j` n`bara`t eu`ltno` oe ij`jgaia`t3 jkk ij`jgaia`t eu`ltno`s woukd raqunra lartjn` jiou`t oe dalnsno`-
ijcn`g.

Ij`jgaia`t hy Ohmaltnvas “ ns j proladura n` wbnlb j suhordn`jta j`d j suparvnsor jgraa o` gojks j`d tba iatbods oe jlbnavn`g
tbai j`d davakop j pkj` n` jllordj`la wntb tbjt jgraaia`t. Tba suhordn`jta ns tba` avjkujtad wntb raeara`la to tba jgraad pkj` jt
tba a`d oe tba parnod.

Ij`jgaia`t hy Axlaptno`  ns j talb`nqua oe bngbkngbtn`g tbosa wbnlb vjry sng`nnlj`tky eroi pkj`s j`d stj`djrds n` kn`a wntb tba
ij`jgaia`t prn`lnpka tbjt axalutnva tnia sboukd ha spa`t o` ntais tbjt jra `o`-routn`a j`d jra nda`tnnad js top prnornty.

Ij`jgaia`t Jllou`tn`g  raears to raports dasng`ad to iaat tba `aads`aads oe n`tar`jk usars, pjrtnlukjrky tba ij`jgars. Tba Jiarnlj`
Jssolnjtno` oe Jllou`tj`ts (JJJ) dan`ad nt js tba jppknljtno` oe jpproprnjta talb`nquas j`d lo`lapts n` prolassn`g tba bnstornljk
j`d promaltad alo`oinl djtj oe j` a`tnty to jssnst ij`jgaia`t n` astjhknsbn`g j pkj` eor rajso`jhka alo`oinl ohmaltnvas j`d n` tba
ijcn`g oe rjtno`jk dalnsno`s wntb j vnaw towjrds jlbnavn`g tbasa ohmaltnvas.

Ij`jgaia`t Jllou`tn`g vs. En`j`lnjk Jllou`tn`g

EN@J@LNJK JLLOQ@TN@G IJ@JGAIA@T JLLOQ@TN@G

:. Qsar o` n`eorijtno`   Vrnijrnky eor axtar`jk usars   Axlkusnvaky eor n`tar`jk usars
8. Gundn`g prn`ln
lnp
pkas Ga`arj
arjkky Jllapt
aptad Jllolou
u`tn`g Vrn`
rn`lnp
npkkas Ij`jga
jgaia
ia` `t wj
wj``ts j`
j`d
d `aads
ads
<. Optno`jk/Ij`djtory Ij`djtory Dnslratno`jry or optno`jk
4. Typa oe n`eori
rijjtno`
no` Vrni
nijjrnk
rnky io`atjry
jry (n`
n`j
j`lnjk
njk) n` `jtura Io`atj
atjry j`d `o`-
o`-io`atjrjry
y
1. Aipbjsns oe raports Xaknjhnknty (pralnsno` oe djtj) Xakavj`la (tniakn`ass oe djtj)
5. Vurposa/A`d rasukt En`j`lnjk raportn`g j`d loipknj`la Dalnsno`-ijcn`g
7. \ourla oe djtj Eroi loipj`ys (n (n`tar`jk) n`eo. systai Eroi n`tar`jk j`d axtar`jk usars
2. Jiou`t oe datjnk Loiprassad j`d snipknnad Axta`snva j`d datjnkad
>. Eolus oe n`eorijtno` Eolus ijn`ky o` husn`ass js j wboka Eolus o` sagia`ts j`d husn`ass js j wboka
:6. Eraqua`ly Varnodnl (j``ujkky, qujrtarky) Js eraqua`t js `aad jrnsas
::. Tnia orna`tjtno` Ijn`ky bnstornljk (pjst) djtj Eutura-orna`tad usn`g lurra`t j`d pjst djtj
:8. Q`neyn`g iodak Jssats 9 Knjhnkntnas + Aqunty @o u`neyn`g iodak or aqujtno`

Tba Lo`trokkar= Lbnae Ij`jgaia`t Jllou`tj`t 

Lo`trokkarsbnp   tba prjltnla oe tba astjhknsbad slna`la oe lo`trok, wbnlb ns tba prolass hy wbnlb ij`jgaia`t jssuras ntsake tbjt tba
loipj`ys rasourlas jra ohtjn`ad j`d utnknzad
utnknzad jllordn`g to pkj`s tbjt jra n` kn`a wntb tba loipj`ys sat ohmaltnvas.

Lo`trokkar  j` oenlar oe j` orgj`nzjtno` wbo bjs raspo`snhnknty eor tba jllou`tn`g jspalt oe ij`jgaia`t lo`trok. Ba ga`arjkky
pareoris two hjsnl rokas= (:) jlluiukjtno` j`d raportn`g oe jllou`tn`g n`eorijtno` to jkk kavaks oe ij`jgaia`t j`d (8) dnraltn`g
ij`jgaia`ts jtta`tno` to prohkais j`d jssnstn`g tbai n` sokvn`g sulb prohkais.

Xaspo`snhnkntnas oe Lo`trokkar=
:. En`j`lnjk jllou`tn`g 4. Lost & ij`jgaia`t jllou`tn`g
8. Jllou`tn`g systais & proladuras 1. En`j`lnjk j`jkysns & spalnjk studnas
<. Go
Gova
var`
r`ia
ia`t
`t & tjx
tjx rrap
apor
ortn
tn`g
`g

Lo`trokkar vs. Trajsurar

LO@TXOKKAX TXAJ\QXAX
:. Vkj``n`g & lo`trok 1. Govar`ia`t raportn`g :. Vrovnsno` oe ljpntjk 1. Lradnt & lokkaltno`s
8. Xaportn`g & n`tarpratn`g 5. Vrotaltno` oe jssats 8. N`vastor rakjtno`s 5. N`vastia`ts
<. Avjkujtn`g & lo`suktn`g 7. Alo`oinl jpprjnsjk <. \bort-tari n`j`ln`g 7. N`surj`la
 

4. Tjx jdin`nstrjtno` 4. Hj`cn`g & lustody

Kn`a Eu`ltno` vs. \tjee Eu`ltno`

Kn`a Eu`ltno`  ns tba jutb

jutbornty
ornty to gnva loiij`d or ordars to suhordn`jtas. Nt axarlnsas dnralt dow`wjrd jutbornty ovar kn`a
dapjrtia`ts (a.g., UV eor oparjtno`s ovar oparjtno`s ij`jgar).

\tjee Eu`ltno`  ns tba jutbornty to jdvnsa hut `ot to loiij`d otbars3 tba eu`ltno` oe provndn`g kn`a j`d stjee ij`jgars wntb
spalnjknzad sarvnla j`d talb`nljk jdvnla eor support. Nt ns axarlnsad kjtarjkky or upwjrd.

\tj`djrds oe Atbnljk Lo`dult eor Ij`jgaia`t Jllou`tj`ts

:. Loipata`
Loipata`lala  ijn`tjn` j` jp
jpproprnj
proprnjta
ta kav
kavak
ak oe proeassno`jk
proeassno`jk loipata`la
loipata`la hy o`gon`
o`gon`g
g davakopia`
davakopia`tt oe tbanr c`owka
c`owkadga
dga j`d
j`d

8. scnkks.
Lo`nda
Lo`nda`tnjknt
`tnjknty
y  raerjn` eroi dnslkosn`g
dnslkosn`g llo`nda`
o`nda`tnjk
tnjk n`eorijt
n`eorijtno`
no` jlqunrad
jlqunrad n` tba
tba loursa
loursa oe tbanr worc, axlapt wba`
jutbornzad j`d/or u`kass kagjkky ohkngjtad to do so.
<. N`tag
N`tagrnty
rnty  raerjn` eroi a`gjgn`g
a`gjgn`g n` j`y jltnvnty
jltnvnty tbjt
tbjt woukd
woukd pramud
pramudnla
nla tb
tbanr
anr jhn
jhnknty
knty to
to ljrr
ljrry
y out tbanr dutnas atbnljk
atbnljkky.
ky.
4. Ohmaltn
Ohmaltnvnty
vnty  loiiu`nljta
loiiu`nljta n`eorij
n`eorijtno`
tno` ejnrky j`d ohmaltn
ohmaltnvaky
vaky j`d dnslko
dnslkosa
sa eu
eukky
kky jkk rakavj`
rakavj`tt n`e
n`eorijtno`
orijtno` rakjtnv
rakjtnva
a to usars
`aads.

WXJV-QV ARAXLN\A\ (IQKTNVKA-LBONLA)

:. Tba dnslnpkn`a oe jllou`tn`g lo`lar`ad wntb provndn`g n`eorijtno` to ij`jgaia`t n` ijcn`g dalnsno`s jhout husn`ass
oparjtno`s.
j. Lost jllou`tn`g l. Govar`ia`t jllou`tn`g
h. En`j`lnjk jllou`tn`g d. Ij`jgaia`t
d. Ij`jgaia`t jllou`tn`g

 8. Tba prnijry purposa oe ij`jgaia`t jllou`tn`g ns to provnda n`eorijtno`

j. To axtar`jk usars l. To hotb n`tar`jk j`d axtar`jk usars
h. To n`tar`jk usars d. To ij`jgaia`t j`d govar`ia`t  

<. Wbnlb oe tbasa n`eorijtno` lbjrjltarnstnls ns daaiad iost niportj`t to ij`jgaia`t jllou`tn`g?
j. Uarnnjhnknty j`d jllurjly l. Xakavj`la, kaxnhnknty j`d tniakn`ass
h. Loipjrjhnknty j`d eukk dnslkosura d. Lo`sarvjtnsi j`d suhstj`la ovar eori

4. Ij`jgarnjk jllou`tn`g
j. Ns govar`ad hy Ga`arjkky Jllaptad Jllou`tn`g Vrn`lnpkas
h. Ns lo`lar`ad o`ky wntb io`atjry n`eorijtno`
l. Ns dnslratno`jry rjtbar tbj` ij`djtory
l. Ns
d. Ns eolusad o` husn`ass js j wboka rjtbar tbj` o` sagia`ts oe tba husn`ass

1. Ij`jgarnjk jllou`tn`g ns sninkjr to n`j`lnjk jllou`tn`g n` tbjt 

j. Hotb jra govar`ad hy GJJV l. Hotb lo`la`trjta wntb bnstornljk losts
h. Hotb lkjssney n`eorijtno` n` tba sjia wjy d. Hotb
d. Hotb dajk wntb alo`oinl ava`ts

5. Wbnlb oe tba eokkown`g ns ejksa?

j. Ij`jgaia`t jllou`tn`g ns sy`o`yious to ij`jgarnjk jllou`tn`g
h. Ij`jgaia`t jllou`tn`g bjs `o axtar`jkky niposad stj`djrds wbnka n`j`lnjk jllou`tn`g bjs to eokkow tba GJJV
l. En`j`lnjk jllou`tn`g dajks wntb n`eorijtno` tbjt ns prnijrnky 
ns  prnijrnky  raportad
 raportad to n`dnvndujks outsnda tba orgj`nzjtno`
d. Lost jllou`tn`g raears to jllou`tn`g eor tba j``ujk losts oe oparjtn`g j husn`ass.

7. Wbnlb oe tba eokkown`g stjtaia`ts ns trua?

j. En`j`lnjk jllou`tn`g ns j suhsat oe lost jllou`tn`g
h. Ij`jgaia`t jllou`tn`g ns j suhsat oe lost jllou`tn`g
l. Lost
l. Lost jllou`tn`g ns j suhsat oe hotb ij`jgaia`t j`d n`j`lnjk jllou`tn`g
d. Ij`jgaia`t jllou`tn`g ns j suhsat oe hotb lost j`d n`j`lnjk jllou`tn`g

2. Lost jllou`tn`g systai ns usujkky utnknzad eor

j. N`tar`jk j`d axtar`jk raportn`g tbjt ijy ha usad n` ijcn`g `o`-routn`a dalnsno`s j`d n` davakopn`g pkj`s j`d poknlnas
h. Axtar`jk raportn`g to govar`ia`t, vjrnous outsnda pjrtnas j`d sbjrabokdars
l. N`tar`jk raportn`g eor usa n` ij`jgaia`t pkj``n`g j`d lo`trok, j`d axtar`jk raportn`g to tba axta`t nts prodult-lostn`g
eu`ltno` sjtnsnas axtar`jk raportn`g raqunraia`ts
d. N`tar`jk raportn`g eor usa n` pkj``n`g j`d lo`trokkn`g routn`a oparjtno`s

>. Tba hjsnl ij`jgaia`t prolass doas `ot n`lkuda

j. Vkj``n`g h. Lo`trokkn`g l. \uhordn`jtn`g d. Xjtno`jknzn`g
 

:6. Tba eu`ltno` oe ij`jgaia`t tbjt loipjras pkj``ad rasukts jgjn`st jltujk rasukts ns c`ow` js
j. Vkj``n`g h. Dnraltn`g & iotnvjtn`g l. L
l. Lo
o`trokkn`g d. Dalnsno`-ijcn`g

::. Tba ij`jgaia`t lo`trok prolass lo`tjn`s tba eokkown`g eour saqua`tnjk staps, n`lkudn`g
N. Nipkaia`tn`g j progrji oe lorraltnva jltno`.
NN. Loipjrn`g jltujk pareorij`la wntb stj`djrds.
NNN. Astjhknsbn`g stj`djrds oe pareorij`la.
NU. Iajsurn`g jltujk pareorij`la.

Tba propar saqua`la oe tbasa jltnvntnas ns=

j. NNN, NU, N, NN h. NU, NNN, NN, N l. NU, NN, NNN, N d.

d. NNN,
 NNN, NU, NN, N
:8. J prjltnla n` wbnlb j suhordn`jta j`d j suparvnsor jgraa o` gojks j`d tba iatbods oe jlbnavn`g tbai.
j. I
j. Ijj`jgaia`t hy ohmaltnvas l. Ij`jgaia`t hy axlaptno`
h. Ij`jgaia`t hy suhmaltnva d. Ij`jgaia`t hy axjipka

:<. Tba lo`trokkar prnijrnky 

lo`trokkar prnijrnky 
j. Ollupnas j kn`a posntno` l. Ollupnas j `o`-suparvnsory rj`c-j`d-nka posntno`
h.
h. O
 Olllupnas j stjee posntno` d. Bjs `o or vary knttka n`kua`la n` tba dalnsno`-ijcn`g prolass

:4. Wbnlb ns j lbjrjltarnstnl oe j kn`a eu`ltno` rjtbar tbj` j stjee eu`ltno`?

j. Nt ns j eu`ltno` tbjt gnvas support, jdvnla j`d sarvnla to kn`a ij`jgars.
h. Nt ns tba jutbornty to loiij`d jltno` or gnva ordars to suhordn`jtas.
l. Nt ns axarlnsad kjtarjkky or upwjrd.
d. Nt ns j support eu`ltno` hy provnsno` oe sarvnlas to j lo-dapjrtia`t.

:1. Wbnlb oe tba eokkown`g stjtaia`ts ns trua?

j. Tba lo`trokkar pareoris prnijrnky j kn`a eu`ltno`
h.
h. Tba
 Tba trajsurar pareoris prnijrnky j kn`a eu`ltno`
l. Tba prnijry eu`ltno`s oe j lo`trokkar jra hjsnljkky tba sjia js tbosa oe j trajsurar.
d. Tba lo`trokkar, js tba tntka nipknas, axarlnsas dnralt lo`trok ovar husn`ass oparjtno`s.

:5. Lo`trokkars jra ordn`jrnky `ot lo`lar`ad wntb

j. Vrapjrjtno` oe tjx ratur`s l. Vrotaltno` oe jssats
h. Xaportn`g to govar`ia`t  d. N`vastor rakjtno`s

:7. Tba trajsurar ns usujkky `ot lo`lar`ad wntb

j. Enn`j`lnjk raportn`g
j. E l. Ljsb lustody j`d hj`cn`g
h. \bort-tari n`j`ln`g d. Lradnt axta`sno` j`d lokkaltno` oe hjd dahts

:2. Tba proeassno`jk lartnnljtno` iost rakavj`t eor ij`jgarnjk jllou`tj`ts ns tba
j. LVJ h. LNJ l. L
l. LIIJ d. LEJ

:>. Wbnlb tari ns `ot j` NIJ \tj`djrd oe Atbnljk Lo`dult eor Ij`jgaia`t Jllou`tj`ts?
j. Loipata`la h. N`tagrnty l. K
l. Kooyjkty d. Ohmaltnvnty

 86. Ij`jgaia`t jllou`tn`g n`eorijtno` ns daaiad iost sullasseuk ne nt 

j. Ns jllurjta l. Bakps ij`jgars niprova tbanr dalnsno`s
l. Bakps
h. Ns ajsnky u`darstood hy tba usar d. Bakps lradntors avjkujta tba loipj`ys j
jh
hnknty to pjy nts dahts