Aas - Perkin Elmer Aa800 User-Guide

Atomic Spectrometry
AAnalyst 800
Atomic Absorption Spectrometer
User’s Guide
Bodenseewerk Perkin-Elmer GmbH is
registered for the design and
manufacture of laboratory analytical
equipment under the quality
requirements of BS EN ISO 9001.
Certificate No. FM 22178
Notice
The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice.
Software programs are protected by copyright. It is unlawful to duplicate these programs in any manner
other than for the user’s personal use. Specifically, it is unlawful to use or duplicate these programs other
than for use with the purchaser’s original computer.
Release history
Part Number Release Publication Date

0993-5256 1 February 1998
2 May 1998
3 September 1998
4 June 1999
Trademarks
Perkin Elmer is a registered trademark of affiliates of Perkin Elmer LLC.
AA WinLab, AAnalyst, Lumina, and THGA are trademarks of affiliates of Perkin Elmer LLC.
Windows is a trademark and Microsoft is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.
Registered names, trademarks, etc. used in this document, even when not
specifically marked as such, are not to be considered unprotected by law.
Copyright information
This document contains proprietary information that is protected by copyright.
All rights are reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced in any form whatsoever
or translated into any language without the prior written permission of the
Perkin-Elmer Corporation or one of its subsidiaries.
Copyright ©1998–1999 affiliates of Perkin Elmer LLC
Printed in the Federal Republic of Germany
Technical Documentation
Bodenseewerk Perkin-Elmer GmbH
D-88647 Ueberlingen, Federal Republic of Germany
Contents
page
Chapter 1 Regulatory Information

Customer Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Company Name and Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Supplies, replacement parts, and accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Regulatory information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
IEC 1010 compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Electrical protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
Safety practices and conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
Correct use of the instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
Electrical safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10
Symbols used on the instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11
Warning markings on the instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12
Warning markings at the front of the spectrometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12
Warning markings on the rear panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-14
Warning markings on the deuterium lamp cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-16
Chapter 2 Safety Information
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Correct use of analytical instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Laboratory hygiene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Laboratory ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Safe handling of chemicals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
Waste disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Contents of waste containers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Disposing of defective lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
UV radiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
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Magnetic field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8

Zeeman graphite furnace systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
High temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Burner system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Graphite furnace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Quartz tube atomizer cell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Handling compressed gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
Summary of gas hazards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
Identifying cylinders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
Storing cylinders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11
Handling cylinders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
Safety practices for flame atomization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13
Safety interlocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13
Safe use of burner gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13
Air supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14
Nitrous oxide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14
Acetylene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
Safe operation of the flame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
The drain system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17
Flashbacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17
Hazards with flame atomization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
Safety practices for electrothermal atomization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
Inert gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
Safety checks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
Hazards with electrothermal atomization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20
Safety practices for FIAS and mercury/hydride systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21
FIAS-Cells – To all users who have an MHS-20 in addition to FIAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21
Safety checks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21
Hazards with FIAS and mercury/hydride systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22
References for laboratory safety practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-23
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Chapter 3 Spectrometer Installation

Before you install the spectrometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Moving and reinstalling the spectrometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Preparing the spectrometer to be moved . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Moving the spectrometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
Reinstalling the spectrometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
Connecting the burner gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
Connecting the furnace gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
Connecting the drain system to the burner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
Installing the furnace autosampler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
Installing the cooling system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15
Electrical connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-18
Chapter 4 Preparing the System for Analyses
Switching on the system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Installing lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
Installing sample trays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11
Shutting down the system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
Emergency shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14
Chapter 5 Spectrometer: System Maintenance
Perkin Elmer Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Maintenance checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
Spectrometer maintenance procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
Cleaning the windows of the optical system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
Maintaining the electrical components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
Changing the air filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9
Replacing the deuterium lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10
Chapter 6 Parts and Supplies
Parts provided . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
Replacement parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5
Obtaining supplies, replacement parts, and accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5
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Chapter 7 Laboratory Requirements

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3
Space requirements for the spectrometer system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4
Magnetic field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7
Electrical requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8
Environmental conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9
Fume ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10
Gas supply requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-11
Burner gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-12
Furnace gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-14
Cooling the spectrometer system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-15
Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-16
Computer and printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-16
Chapter 8 Spectrometer: System Description
The AAnalyst 800 Spectrometer System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3
The optical system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-6
The gas and cooling connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-8
The electrical connectors and switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-10
Technical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-13
Translations
Symbols used on the instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T-3
Warning messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T-11
Index
C-4 0993-5256
Regulatory Information 1
1Regulatory Information
Contents page
Customer Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

Company Name and Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Supplies, replacement parts, and accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Regulatory information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
IEC 1010 compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Electrical protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
Safety practices and conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
Correct use of the instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
Electrical safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10
Symbols used on the instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11
Warning markings on the instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12
Warning markings at the front of the spectrometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12
Warning markings on the rear panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-14
Warning markings on the deuterium lamp cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-16
0993-5256 1-1
Regulatory Information
1-2 0993-5256
Customer Service
Company Name and Addresses
U.S.A.: Germany:
Perkin Elmer LLC EG&G Perkin Elmer
761 Main Avenue Verkauf und Service
Norwalk, Connecticut 06859-0010 Rengoldshauser Strasse 11
U.S.A. D-88662 Ueberlingen
Phone: 800-762-4000 or Germany
(+1) 203-762-4000 Phone: (49-7551) 919-0
Fax: (+1) 203-762-4228 Fax: (49-7551) 919-149
United Kingdom: Perkin Elmer on the Internet:

Perkin Elmer Ltd. http://www.perkin-elmer.com/ai
Post Office Lane
Beaconsfield, Bucks, HP9 1QA
England
Phone: (44-1494) 676161
Fax: (44-1494) 67-9331 & -9333
Supplies, replacement parts, and accessories

Supplies, replacement parts, and accessories can be ordered directly from Perkin
Elmer, using the part numbers quoted in the guides provided with the instrument.
Perkin Elmer’s catalog service offers a full selection of high-quality supplies.
To place an order for supplies and many replacement parts, request a free catalog,
or ask for information:
– If you are located within the U.S., call toll free 1-800-762-4002, 8 a.m. to
8 p.m. EST. Your order will be shipped promptly, usually within 24 hours.
– If you are located outside of the U.S., call your local Perkin Elmer sales or
service office.
0993-5256 1-3
Regulatory information
This instrument has been designed to comply with a wide variety of international
standards governing the safety of laboratory equipment. In routine use, the
instrument poses virtually no risk to you. If you take some simple, common-sense
precautions, you can maintain the continued safe operation of the instrument.
IEC 1010 compliance

This instrument has been designed and tested in accordance with EN 61010-
1:1993 (IEC 1010-1): Safety requirements for electrical equipment for
measurement, control, and laboratory use, including Amendments 1 and 2 to this
standard, and EN 61010-2-061:1996 (IEC 1010-2-061:1995): Particular
requirements for laboratory atomic spectrometers with thermal atomization and
ionization.
Electrical protection
Insulation
Class I as defined in IEC 1010-1.
Installation Category
This instrument is able to withstand transient overvoltage according to
Installation Category II as defined in IEC 1010-1 and IEC 664.
Pollution Degree
This equipment will operate safely in environments that contain nonconductive
foreign matter and condensation up to Pollution Degree 2 as defined in
IEC 1010-1 and IEC 664.
1-4 0993-5256
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)

European Union (EMC Directives)
This instrument has been designed and tested to meet the requirements of the
EU Directives 89/336/EEC and 92/31/EEC. It complies with the generic EMC
standard EN 61326-1:1997 Electrical equipment for measurement, control, and
laboratory use – EMC requirements – General requirements.
This instrument has passed the following EMC tests:
Emission of conducted Electromagnetic compatibility

and radiated noise
EN 55011:96 EN61000-4-2:95
EN 61000-3-2:95 EN61000-4-3:95
EN 61000-3-3:95 EN61000-4-4:95
EN61000-4-5:95
EN61000-4-6:96
United States (FCC)
This instrument is classified as a digital device used exclusively as industrial,
commercial, or medical equipment. It is exempt from the technical standards
specified in Part 15 of FCC Rules and Regulations, based on Section 15.103 (c).
Japan (FCC)
This instrument has been tested and found to comply with the limits of a Class A
digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to
provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is
operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can
radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with
the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.
Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful inter-
ference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his
own expense. Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the manufac-
turer could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.
0993-5256 1-5
Safety practices and conventions
The guides provided with the instrument contain information and warnings that
must be followed by the user to ensure safe operation and to maintain the
instrument in a safe condition. This advice is intended to supplement, not
supersede, the normal safety code of behavior prevailing in the country of
operation.
The information provided does not cover every safety procedure that should be
practiced. Ultimately, maintenance of a safe laboratory environment is the
responsibility of the user and the user’s organization.
Further safety practices are described in the chapter ‘Safety Information’.
Possible hazards that could harm the user or result in damage to the instrument
are clearly stated at appropriate places throughout these guides.
Any of the following safety conventions can be used throughout these guides:
This symbol alerts you to situations that could result in personal injury to yourself
or other persons.
Details about these circumstances are in a box like this one.
This symbol alerts you to the risk of electric shock that could result in personal
injury to yourself or other persons.
This symbol alerts you to the risk of hot surfaces that could cause personal
injury to yourself or other persons.
This symbol alerts you to the risk of ultraviolet radiation that could cause
eye damage to yourself or other persons.
1-6 0993-5256
Caution:
The term CAUTION alerts you to situations that could result in serious damage
to the instrument or other equipment.
Details about these circumstances are described in a message similar to this
one.
Correct use of the instrument

Before you install or use your instrument, and in order to get the best results, you
should be familiar with all of the instruments in the system and know how to
operate them. You should also be aware of the safety procedures in force in your
laboratory, especially those concerning atomic spectroscopy instruments. Read
the guides supplied with the instruments before you start.
If you use the instrument in a manner not specified in the guides, or if you use it
for a purpose other than that intended, you may damage the instrument, or
compromise your own, or someone else’s, safety.
This instrument should only be operated by persons who are suitably qualified
and have received adequate training.
0993-5256 1-7
Electrical safety
To ensure satisfactory and safe operation of the instrument, it is essential that the
green/yellow lead of the line power cord is connected to true electrical earth
(ground).
W2.1
Warning: Electrical Hazard
Any interruption of the protective conductor inside or outside the instrument or
disconnection of the protective conductor (earth/ground) terminal is likely to
make the instrument dangerous.
Intentional interruption is prohibited.
Lethal voltages are present in the instrument
– Even with the power switch off, line power voltages can still be present within
the instrument.
– When the instrument is connected to line power, terminals may be live, and
opening covers or removing parts (except those to which access can be
gained without use of a tool) is likely to expose live parts.
– Capacitors inside the instrument may still be charged even if the instrument
has been disconnected from all voltage sources.
1-8 0993-5256
W1.2
Warning: Unauthorized Adjustments and Servicing
Only a Perkin Elmer service engineer or similarly trained and authorized person
should be permitted to service the instrument.
• Do not attempt to make adjustments, replacements, repairs, or modifications
to this instrument except as described in the documentation supplied with the
instrument.
When working with the instrument:

• Connect the instrument to a correctly installed line power outlet that has a
protective conductor (earth/ground).
• Do not attempt to make internal adjustments or replacements except as
directed in the guides provided with the instrument.
• Do not operate the instrument with any covers or parts removed.
• Disconnect the instrument from all voltage sources before opening it for any
adjustment, replacement, maintenance, or repair.
If, afterwards, the opened instrument must be operated for further adjustment,
maintenance, or repair, this must only be done by a skilled person who is
aware of the hazard involved.
• Use only fuses with the required current rating and of the specified type for
replacement.
Do not use makeshift fuses or short-circuit the fuse holders.
• Whenever it is likely that the instrument is no longer electrically safe for use,
make the instrument inoperative and secure it against any unauthorized or
unintentional operation.
The instrument is likely to be electrically unsafe when it:
– Shows visible damage.
– Fails to perform the intended measurement.
– Has been subjected to prolonged storage under unfavorable conditions.
– Has been subjected to severe transport stresses.
0993-5256 1-9
Environment
Operating conditions
W1.3
Warning: Explosive Atmosphere
This instrument is not designed for operation in an explosive atmosphere.
The instrument will operate correctly under the following conditions:

• Indoors.
• Ambient temperature +15 C to +35 C (+59 F to +95 F).
• Ambient relative humidity 20% to 80%, without condensation.
• Altitude in the range 0 m to 2000 m.
You can store the instrument safely under the following conditions:
• Ambient temperature –20 C to +60 C (–4 F to +140 F).
• Ambient relative humidity 20% to 80%, without condensation.
• Altitude in the range 0 m to 2000 m.
When you remove the instrument from storage and before you put it into
operation, allow it to stand for at least a day under the approved operating
conditions.
1-10 0993-5256
Symbols used on the instrument
Any of the following symbols can be used on the instrument:

This symbol indicates that there is a potential hazard and that the user must look
in the guide for an explanation of the hazard and how to avoid it.
This symbol indicates the risk of electric shock.
This symbol indicates the risk of hot surfaces.
This symbol indicates the off position of the main power switch or circuit
breaker. With the switch in this position, the instrument is disconnected entirely
from the line power supply.
This symbol indicates the on position of the main power switch or circuit
breaker. With the switch in this position, the instrument is connected to the line
power supply but is not necessarily switched on and operational.
This symbol indicates the operational on/off switch.

This switch turns the instrument on and off, but it does not disconnect the
instrument from the line power supply.
This symbol indicates alternating current.
This symbol indicates that there is a potential hazard due to a strong magnetic
field and that persons wearing heart pacemakers should remain at least 0.6 m
away from the furnace.
0993-5256 1-11
Warning markings on the instrument
Warning markings at the front of the spectrometer
A
Risk of hot surfaces
Risque de surfaces chaudes C A
Gefahr durch heisse
Oberflächen
Burner system
B
Warning: Moving Parts – Risk of Injury
Some moving parts of the instrument are accessible in normal operation.
Keep hands, clothing and other objects away from the moving parts of the instrument.
Danger: Parties en mouvement – Risque d'accident corporel
Certaines parties en mouvement de l'instrument sont accessibles en fonctionnement normal.
Tenir les mains, vêtements et autres objets éloignés des parties en mouvement de l'instrument.
Warnung: Bewegliche Teile – Verletzungsgefahr
Bei normalem Betrieb sind bewegliche Teile des Geräts zugänglich.
Hände, Kleidung und andere Gegenstände von den beweglichen Teilen des Geräts fernhalten.
C
Nebulizer clamp must be lowered and locked over the nebulizer flange.
La pince du nébuliseur doit être abaissée et verrouillée audessus de la bride du nébuliseur.
Die Zerstäuber-Befestigungsplatte muss nach unten geschoben und über dem Flansch des
Zerstäubers befestigt sein.
1-12 0993-5256
A
Risk of hot surfaces
Risque de surfaces chaudes
Gefahr durch heisse D A
Oberflächen 0.6 m
Strong Magnetic Field

Champ Magnétique Intense
Starkes M agnetfeld
B THGA furnace
Warning: Moving Parts – Risk of Injury
Some moving parts of the instrument are accessible in normal operation.
Keep hands, clothing and other objects away from the moving parts of the instrument.
Danger: Parties en mouvement – Risque d'accident corporel
Certaines parties en mouvement de l'instrument sont accessibles en fonctionnement normal.
Tenir les mains, vêtements et autres objets éloignés des parties en mouvement de l'instrument.
Warnung: Bewegliche Teile – Verletzungsgefahr
Bei normalem Betrieb sind bewegliche Teile des Geräts zugänglich.
Hände, Kleidung und andere Gegenstände von den beweglichen Teilen des Geräts fernhalten.
D
Strong magnetic field
Anyone wearing a heart pacemaker or having metallic implants should remain at least 0.6 meter away
from the furnace – in any direction – while the furnace is operating.
Champ magnétique intense
Tout personne ayant un stimulateur cardiaque ou des implants métalliques doit rester éloignée d'au
moins 0,6 m du four pendant le fonctionnement de celui-ci.
Starkes Magnetfeld
Herzschrittmacherträger und Personen mit Metall-Implanten müssen zum Magneten einen
Sicherheitsabstand von mindestens 0,6 m in jeder Richtung um den Magneten einhalten.
0993-5256 1-13
Warning markings on the rear panel
Instru me nt Co mm un icatio n Furnace Gases

Gaz du Four
Ofengase
P m in
P m a x
230 V 23 0 V 230 V 3 50 4 00 kP a
5 0/ 60 Hz 5 0/60 Hz 5 0/ 60 Hz 3 .5 4 .0 b ar
Ar / N 2
5 0. 0 5 8.0 psig
No rm al G as Sp eci al Gas
G az No rm al Gaz Sp écial
F1 F2 F3 F4 Sp ezi alg as
No rm alg as
4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T)
23 0 V
5 0/60 Hz
Cool ing Syst e m

S ystè me de Ref roidisse me nt
Burner Gases
Um lau f kühlu ng
Gaz du Bruleur
Brennergase
P m in
P m a
Px m in
P m a x
P m in
Pm a x
4 50 500 kPa 4 50 5 00 kP a 9 0 1 00 kP a
I 4 .5
6 5.0
5.0 b ar 4 .5
72. 5 psig 6 5. 0
5 .0 b ar 0 .9
7 2.5 psi g 1 3. 0
1 .0 b ar
1 4.5 psi g
0
Air / Luft NO2
CH
2 2
In Out
Ent ré e S orti e
E ing a ng A usg ang
HO
2
P Pm a x
3 50 400 kPa
Furnace Cooling
3 .5 4.0 b ar
Refroidissement du Four 5 0.0 58. 0 psig
Ofenkühlung
230 V 230 V 230 V

50/60 Hz 50/60 Hz 50/60 Hz
F1 F2 F3 F4
4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T)
F
230 V
50/60 Hz
Cooling System
Système de Refroidissement
Umlaufkühlung
E
Power outlets
Power outlets for a printer, computer, or monitor.
Use these outlets only when the equipment requires 230 V, 50/60 Hz.
F
Cooling system outlet
Connect the cooling system to this power outlet only. Do not connect the cooling system to any other
supply. Do not connect other equipment to this power outlet.
1-14 0993-5256
Burner Gases
Gaz du Bruleur
Brennergase
Pm in
P m a x
P m in
P m a x
Pm in
P m a x
450 500 kPa 450 500 kPa 90 100 kPa

I ns trum ent Co mm unication Furnace Gases
Gaz du Four
Ofengase
4.5 5.0 bar 4.5 5.0 bar 0.9 1.0 bar
230 V
50/60 Hz
230 V
50/60 Hz
23 0 V
50/60 Hz
Ar / N
Norm al Gas
2
Pm i n
350
3.5
50.0
P m a
400 k Pa
4.0
x
bar
58. 0 psig
S pec ial Gas
65.0 72.5 psig 65.0 72.5 psig 13.0 14.5 psig
G az Norm al G az Spéci al
F1 F2 F3 F4 S pez ialgas
Norm algas
4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T)
230 V
50/ 60 Hz
Co oling S ys tem
Sy stèm e de Refr oidiss eme nt
Um laufkühlung
Burner Gases
Gaz du Bruleur
Brennergase
P m i n
P m a x
Pm i n
P m a x
Pm i n
Pm a x
4 50 5 00 kP a 450 500 k P a 90 100 k P a

I 4 .5 5 .0 bar 4.5 5.0 bar 0.9 1.0 bar
NO CH
6 5.0 7 2.5 ps ig 65.0 72.5 psig 13.0 14.5 psig
0
Air / Luft N O
2
CH
2 2
Air / Luft 2 2 2
In Out
E ntré e S or tie
E ingang A usgang
HO
2
Furnace Cooling
Refroidissement du Four
Ofenkühlung
P
350
3.5
50. 0
Pm a x
400 k Pa
4.0 bar
58.0 psig
G
G
Burner Gases
Never set the outlet pressure to a value exceeding the maximum pressure (Pmax ).
Warning: Acetylene – Explosion Hazard

Acetylene can decompose explosively at pressures higher than 103 kPa / 1.03 bar / 15 psig.
Always make sure that the acetylene outlet gauge pressure is below this value.
Danger: Acétylène – Risque d'explosion
L'acétylène peut se décomposer de manière explosive à des pressions supérieures à
103 kPa / 1.03 bar / 15 psig.
Toujours vérifier que la pression de l'acétylène sur le manomètre de sortie est inférieure à cette valeur.
Warnung: Acetylen – Explosionsgefahr
Stellen Sie für Acetylen keinen höheren Ausgangsdruck als 103 kPa (1,03 bar) ein.
Bei höheren Drücken kann Acetylen spontan zerfallen und explodieren
Warning: Flashback Hazard

Perkin Elmer burner systems are designed for use with compressed air. The use of oxygen can cause an
explosion in the burner system, and oxygen-enriched air can cause a flashback of the flame.
Never use oxygen or oxygen-enriched air with Perkin Elmer burner systems. Use only compressed air.
Danger: Risque de retour de flamme
Les systèmes de brûleurs Perkin Elmer sont conçus pour être utilisés avec de l'air comprimé.
L'utilisation d'oxygène peut provoquer une explosion dans le système de brûleur, et l'air suroxygéné peut
provoquer un retour de flamme.
Ne jamais utiliser d'oxygène ou d'air suroxygéné avec les systèmes de brûleurs Perkin Elmer. N'utiliser
que l'air comprimé.
Warnung: Sauerstoff und mit Sauerstoff angereicherte Luft
Verwenden Sie für Perkin Elmer Brenner nur Druckluft. Sauerstoff oder sogenannte ‘Atemluft’ sind nicht
zulässig. Bei Verwendung von Sauerstoff besteht Explosionsgefahr. Mit Sauerstoff angereicherte Luft
kann einen Flammenrückschlag verursachen.
0993-5256 1-15
Warning markings on the deuterium lamp cover

The warning markings below are visible when you open the top cover of the
spectrometer.
D 2
UV
High Temperatures – Risk of Burns

The lamp is hot.
Températures élevées
La lampe est chaude.
Verbrennungsgefahr
Die Lampe ist heiß.
UV Radiation – Risk of Eye Damage

The lamp emits intense UV radiation which can damage your eyes.
Do not gaze into a lighted lamp.
Rayonnement UV
La lampe émet un rayonnement UV intense susceptible de provoquer des lésions oculaires.
Ne pas regarder fixement une lampe allumée.
UV-Strahlung – Gefährdung der Augen
Die Lampe emittiert starke UV-Strahlung und kann dadurch Augenschäden verursachen.
Nicht mit ungeschützten Augen direkt in die leuchtende Lampe schauen.
Electrical Hazard
The deuterium lamp operates at high voltage.
To avoid electrical shock, disconnect the line power cord before opening the cover.
Risque d’électrocution
Pout éviter les chocs électriques, débrancher le cordon d’alimentation avant d’ouvrir
le couvercle.
Gefährdung durch elektrischen Strom
Die Deuteriumlampe benötigt zum Betrieb gefährlich hohe Spannung.
Um elektrischen Stromschlag zu vermeiden, ziehen Sie die Netzanschlußleitung
bevor Sie die Abdeckung öffnen.
1-16 0993-5256
Safety Information 2
2Safety Information
Contents page
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Correct use of analytical instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Laboratory hygiene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Laboratory ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Safe handling of chemicals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
Waste disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Contents of waste containers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Disposing of defective lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
UV radiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
Magnetic field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
Zeeman graphite furnace systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
High temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Burner system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Graphite furnace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Quartz tube atomizer cell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Handling compressed gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
Summary of gas hazards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
Identifying cylinders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
Storing cylinders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11
Handling cylinders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
0993-5256 2-1
Safety Information
Contents page
Safety practices for flame atomization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13

Safe use of burner gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13
Air supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14
Nitrous oxide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14
Acetylene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
Safe operation of the flame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
The drain system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17
Flashbacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17
Hazards with flame atomization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
Safety practices for electrothermal atomization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
Inert gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
Safety checks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
Hazards with electrothermal atomization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20
Safety practices for FIAS and mercury/hydride systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21
FIAS-Cells – To all users who have an MHS-20 in addition to FIAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21
Safety checks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21
Hazards with FIAS and mercury/hydride systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22
References for laboratory safety practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-23
2-2 0993-5256
Safety Information
Introduction
The guides provided with your analytical instrument contain information and
warnings that you must follow to ensure safe operation and to maintain the
instrument in a safe condition. This advice is intended to supplement, not
supersede, the normal safety code of behavior prevailing in the country of
operation.
This chapter describes general safety practices for atomic spectroscopy and
potential hazards with various atomic absorption techniques.
The information provided does not cover every safety procedure that should be
practiced. Ultimately, maintenance of a safe laboratory environment is the
responsibility of the user and the user’s organization.
Correct use of analytical instruments
Before you install or use your instrument, and in order to get the best results, you
should be familiar with all of the instruments in the system and know how to
operate them. You should also be aware of the safety procedures in force in your
laboratory, especially those concerning atomic spectroscopy instruments. Read
the guides supplied with the instruments before you start.
If you use the instrument in a manner not specified in the guides, or if you use it
for a purpose other than that intended, you may damage the instrument, or
compromise your own, or someone else’s, safety.
Analytical instruments should only be operated by persons who are suitably
qualified and have received adequate training.
0993-5256 2-3
Safety Information
Laboratory hygiene
• Keep the work area scrupulously clean to avoid contaminating your samples
and to maintain a safe working environment. Clean up spilled chemicals
immediately and dispose of them properly.
• Do not allow smoking in the work area. Smoking is a source of significant
contamination and also a potential route for ingesting harmful chemicals.
• Do not store, handle, or consume food in the work area.
Laboratory ventilation
Toxic combustion products, metal vapor, ozone, etc., can be generated by the
system, depending on the type of analyses being performed.
• You must provide an efficient laboratory ventilation system to remove toxic
products generated during instrument operation.
2-4 0993-5256
Safety Information
Safe handling of chemicals

Some chemicals used with the instrument may be hazardous or may become
hazardous after completion of an analysis.
The responsible body1 must take the necessary precautions to ensure that the
surrounding workplace is safe and that instrument operators are not exposed to
hazardous levels of toxic substances (chemical or biological) as defined in the
applicable national, state, and local health and safety regulations and laws.
Venting for fumes and disposal of wastes must be in accordance with all national,
state, and local health and safety regulations and laws.
• Use, store, and dispose of chemicals in accordance with the manufacturer’s
recommendations and the applicable national, state, and/or local regulations.
• Wear appropriate eye protection at all times while handling chemicals.
Depending on the types of chemicals you are handling, wear safety glasses
with side shields, or goggles, or a full-face shield.
• Wear suitable protective clothing, including gloves if necessary, resistant to
the chemicals you are handling.
• When preparing chemical solutions, always work in a fume hood that is
suitable for the chemicals you are using.
• Perform sample preparation away from the instrument to minimize corrosion
and contamination.
• Clean up spills immediately using the appropriate equipment and supplies,
such as spill cleanup kits.
• Do not put open containers of solvent near the instrument.
• Store solvents in an approved cabinet (with the appropriate ventilation) away
from the instrument.
1. Definitions from IEC 1010-1:

Responsible body: ‘individual or group responsible for the use and maintenance of equipment, and for
ensuring that operators are adequately trained.’
Operator: ‘person operating equipment for its intended purpose.’
0993-5256 2-5
Safety Information
Sodium tetrahydroborate
Sodium tetrahydroborate is used as a reductant in the mercury cold vapor
technique and the hydride-generation technique. Sodium tetrahydroborate
solutions are unstable and decompose, releasing hydrogen. Sodium
tetrahydroborate also releases hydrogen when it comes into contact with acids.
• Make sure that the work area has an adequate ventilation system to prevent
the build-up of explosive hydrogen/air mixtures.
• Use and store sodium tetrahydroborate according to the manufacturer’s
recommendations.
• Keep sodium tetrahydroborate solutions:
– Out of direct sunlight.
– Away from open flames.
– In an area with an efficient ventilation system.
• Protect sodium tetrahydroborate solutions from temperature variations.
• Handle sodium tetrahydroborate solutions with care since they are corrosive.
• Do not allow smoking in areas where sodium tetrahydroborate is used.
• When you are using sodium tetrahydroborate as the reductant with flow-
injection systems, hydrogen is formed when it comes into contact with the
acidic carrier solution.
– Do not loosen or remove any connections when the system is operating.
– The maximum concentration of sodium tetrahydroborate that you should
use with Perkin Elmer flow-injection systems is 0.5% w/v.
– At the end of the work session, pump deionized water through the sodium
tetrahydroborate tubing system to remove all traces of the reductant.
2-6 0993-5256
Safety Information
Waste disposal
Contents of waste containers

The materials that you collect in waste containers may include small amounts of
the substances that were analyzed and other chemicals used in the analyses.
If these materials are toxic, corrosive, or contain organics you may have to treat
the collected effluent as hazardous waste. Refer to your local safety regulations
for proper disposal procedures.
Disposing of defective lamps

Hollow cathode lamps and electrodeless discharge lamps contain small quantities
of the lamp element in a very pure form. If a lamp containing toxic elements
becomes defective or otherwise unusable, you must treat it as hazardous waste
and dispose of it accordingly. A licensed company in the chemical waste disposal
business can provide lamp disposal in accordance with environmental regulatory
requirements. Please note that Perkin Elmer does not take back defective lamps
for disposal.
In addition, hollow cathode lamps and deuterium lamps are maintained under
reduced pressure. Handle and dispose of them correctly to minimize the
implosion risk.
For information, the quantities of analyte material contained in the cathodes of
hollow cathode lamps are listed in the table below:
Quantity of material in Single-element hollow cathode lamps Multi-element hollow cathode lamps
the cathode
less than 5 g As, Au, B, Ba, Be, Ca, Dy, Er, Eu, Ga, Na-K, Pt-Ru
Gd, Ge, Hf, Ho, In, Ir, K, La, Li, Mg,
Na, Nd, Pd, Pr, Pt. Re, Rh, Ru, Sc, Se,
Sm, Sn, Ta, Tb, Tm, Yb, Y
5–10 g Ag, Al, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Mn, Mo, Ni, Ca-Mg, Ca-Zn, Ag-Au, Sn-Te,
Sb, Si, Sr, Te, V, W, Zn, Zr Ca-Mg-Zn, Ca-Mg-Al
10–15 g Cu, Fe, Hg, Nb, P, Pb, Ti, Tl all other multi-element HCLs
For EDLs, the quantity of analyte material used is much less than the quantities
used in HCLs. Typically, only several milligrams of material are placed in the
EDL bulb. No Perkin Elmer EDLs (System 1 or 2) contain more than 0.05 g of
analyte material.
0993-5256 2-7
Safety Information
UV radiation
You should be aware of the health hazard presented by UV radiation.

• When the instrument is on, do not remove any covers unless specifically
instructed to do so in the guide since otherwise you may be exposed to
potentially hazardous UV radiation.
• Always wear UV-absorbing eye protection when viewing any of these
sources:
– The flame, especially the nitrous oxide/acetylene flame.
– The graphite furnace when it is heated to incandescence.
– Hollow cathode or electrodeless discharge lamps.
– The deuterium background correction lamp.
Magnetic field
Zeeman graphite furnace systems
The electromagnet generates a strong magnetic field inside the furnace during
measurement cycles.
There is a weak, accessible, stray magnetic field around the graphite furnace. This
stray magnetic field can affect heart pacemakers and metallic implants up to
0.6 meter from the furnace in all directions. This stray field can also affect other
instruments, watches, and magnetic storage devices.
• Do not operate the furnace when persons wearing electronic heart
pacemakers, or having other metallic implants, are present.
• Anyone wearing a heart pacemaker or having metallic implants should remain
at least 0.6 meter away from the furnace – in any direction – while the furnace
is operating.
2-8 0993-5256
Safety Information
High temperatures
Burner system
The flame can generate temperatures of up to 2800 °C.
• Do not touch the burner head until it has cooled to room temperature.
Graphite furnace
The THGA graphite furnace can generate temperatures of up to 2600 C.
• Do not touch any part of the graphite furnace until it has cooled to room
temperature.
• Do not attempt to inject a sample into the graphite tube when the furnace is
hot. You may be subjected to fumes from the sudden vaporization of the
sample, and may damage the pipet.
Quartz tube atomizer cell

The quartz tube atomizer cell (QTA-cell) used for the hydride-generation
technique can reach temperatures of up to 1000 C.
• Do not touch any part of the heating mantle (electrically heated systems), or
the cell holder (flame-heated systems), or the QTA-cell until they have cooled
to room temperature.
0993-5256 2-9
Safety Information
Handling compressed gases

Note: The permanent installation of gas supplies is the responsibility of the user
and should conform to local safety and building regulations.
Summary of gas hazards

Hazards associated with the different gases used in atomic absorption
spectrometry are presented in the table below:
Spontaneous
Decomposition
Gas Suffocation Explosion or Combustion
Air – – –
Argon x – –
Nitrogen x – –
Acetylene
(ethyne, C2H2) x x x
Nitrous Oxide
(dinitrogen monoxide, N2O) x – x
Contact the gas supplier for a safety data sheet containing detailed information on
the potential hazards associated with the gas.
Identifying cylinders
• Legibly mark cylinders to clearly identify the contents and status (full, empty,
etc.). Use the chemical name or commercially accepted name for the gas.
2-10 0993-5256
Safety Information
Storing cylinders
• Store cylinders in accordance with the applicable national, state, and/or local
regulations and standards.
• When gas cylinders are stored in confined areas, such as a storage room, make
sure that ventilation is adequate to prevent toxic or explosive accumulations
of gas.
The storage room should be well ventilated and dry. This is particularly
important in confined areas.
• Do not store cylinders near elevators, gangways, or in locations where heavy
moving objects may strike or fall against them.
• Use and store cylinders away from exits and exit routes.
• Locate gas cylinders away from heat sources, including heat lamps.
Compressed gas cylinders should not be subjected to temperatures above
52 °C (125 °F).
• Do not allow ignition sources in the storage area and keep cylinders away
from readily ignitable substances such as gasoline or waste, or combustibles
in bulk, including oil.
• Store all gas cylinders only in a vertical position, with the valve cap in place,
and fastened securely to an immovable bulkhead or a permanent wall.
• If you are storing cylinders outdoors, store them above ground on a suitable
floor where they are protected against temperature extremes (including the
direct rays of the sun).
0993-5256 2-11
Safety Information
Handling cylinders
• Move cylinders with a suitable hand truck after making sure that the valve cap
is securely in place and that the cylinder is properly fastened to the hand truck.
• Use only approved regulators, tubing, and hose connectors. When you
connect fittings, keep in mind that left-hand thread fittings are used for fuel
gas connections (e.g., acetylene), whereas right-hand thread fittings are used
for oxidant and support gas connections (e.g., nitrous oxide, air).
• Arrange gas hoses where they will not be damaged or stepped on and where
things will not be dropped on them.
• Do not ‘crack the valve’ or open the valve of an acetylene cylinder before
attaching a regulator.
• Do not attempt to refill gas cylinders.
• Check the condition of pipes, hoses, and connectors regularly, and replace any
damaged parts.
• Perform periodic gas leak tests at all joints and seals of the gas system by
applying an approved gas leak detection solution.
2-12 0993-5256
Safety Information
Safety practices for flame atomization
Safety interlocks
Perkin Elmer provides a number of safety interlocks on the burner system to
monitor gas pressure and check for the proper setup of the burner head, nebulizer,
and drain system. In addition a flame sensor checks that the flame is burning.
• Do not attempt to defeat these interlocks; you may compromise your own, or
someone else’s, safety.
Safe use of burner gases

The seepage of fuel gas or fuel gas mixture from the burner system, the drain
system, the gas control system, or the gas connections constitutes a serious fire
hazard.
• Make sure that there are no breaks or leaks in any of these systems and that
all the seals are correctly installed and in good condition.
• Regularly check for leaks at joints and seals using an approved leak test
solution.
• When you perform any maintenance or installation procedures, follow the
instructions in the guide exactly.
• Do not attempt to service the gas control system yourself.
A Perkin Elmer service engineer, or similarly authorized and trained person,
must perform the work.
• When you shut down the instrument, for example at the end of the working
day, shut all the gas lines at the cylinder or regulator valves. Bleed the lines
between the regulator and instrument to atmosphere before switching off the
ventilation system.
0993-5256 2-13
Safety Information
Air supply
An air compressor is recommended for the air supply to the burner system.
Cylinders of compressed air should only be used as an emergency or short-term
solution.
• If you use cylinder air, make sure that it is compressed air and not oxygen-
enriched air (e.g. breathing air); the use of oxygen-enriched air can cause a
flashback of the flame.
• Never use oxygen as the oxidant since this can cause an explosion.
Nitrous oxide
(dinitrogen monoxide, N2O)
• Tubing and fittings carrying nitrous oxide must be free of all oil, grease, and
organic materials.
Spontaneous combustion may occur if nitrous oxide comes into contact with
these materials.
• Use a double-stage or heated regulator for nitrous oxide to prevent freezing of
the diaphragm and a loss of pressure regulation.
• Do not store nitrous oxide in close proximity to flammable gases, such as
acetylene or hydrogen.
2-14 0993-5256
Safety Information
Acetylene
• Always use ‘Atomic Absorption Grade’ acetylene (ethyne) dissolved in
acetone (propan-2-one). This is satisfactory for all Perkin Elmer AA
spectrometers.
• Do not store acetylene in close proximity to oxidizing gases, such as nitrous
oxide.
• Use approved tubing and fittings for acetylene. Never use copper fittings
since acetylene forms an explosive compound with copper.
• Prevent acetylene from coming into contact with copper, silver, mercury or
gaseous chlorine.
• Periodically check for the presence of acetylene in the laboratory atmosphere,
especially near the ceiling.
• For acetylene, set an outlet gauge pressure of between 85 kPa and 100 kPa
(0.85–1.0 bar, 12–14.5 psig). Never allow the outlet gauge pressure to exceed
103 kPa (1.03 bar, 15 psig); acetylene can explode spontaneously above this
pressure.
• Solvent Carryover.
If the acetylene cylinder pressure falls to below 600 kPa / 6.0 bar /
87 psig (at 20 °C), some of the solvent used to stabilize the acetylene (such as
acetone) may be carried over into the burner. This could influence the
characteristics of the burner with a resulting influence on the analytical
results.
Change to a new acetylene cylinder when the cylinder pressure falls to below
this value.
0993-5256 2-15
Safety Information
Safe operation of the flame

• Before you ignite the flame make sure that:
– The laboratory fume ventilation system is operating;
– The burner head is installed correctly;
– The burner end cap is secured firmly;
– The fuel and oxidant tubing fittings are properly connected;
– The burner unit contains the necessary solvent-resistant components if
you intend to analyze samples containing organic solvents;
– The atomizer compartment door is closed;
– The pH of the liquid in the waste container is greater than pH 10 if you
intend to aspirate cyanide solutions.
• Do not leave the flame unattended. Always make sure that there is a fire
extinguisher near the instrument.
• Never change the gas pressure or shut a gas valve while the flame is burning.
• Do not allow the burner head slot to become blocked. This can cause a
flashback of the flame.
• Do not place open containers of flammable liquids and solvents near to the
flame. Be especially careful with samples that contain highly volatile
solvents.
• When you have analyzed samples containing organic solvents, flush all traces
of solvent from the burner system.
2-16 0993-5256
Safety Information
The drain system

• Always place the waste container in a well ventilated place underneath the
spectrometer, in full view while you are working with the spectrometer. This
prevents the build-up of potentially hazardous gases, and allows you to see the
liquid level.
• Never use a glass waste container.
• Do not kink, fold, or loop the drain tube.
• Never place the drain tube directly into a laboratory sink.
• Empty the waste container frequently; especially do not allow the waste
container to fill with organic solvent.
• Thoroughly flush the drain system, as described in the guide, when you shut
down the system.
• Check the condition of the drain tube regularly, especially if you use organic
solvents. Replace the drain tube when it first shows signs of cracking or
discoloration.
Flashbacks
A flashback is an explosion of the premixed gases in the spray chamber. The
safety interlocks normally prevent conditions that could cause a flashback, but if
a flashback should ever occur:
• Check that the burner head slot is clean.
• Make sure that you are using compressed air and not oxygen-enriched air.
• Check the flow spoiler or impact bead for damage, and replace any damaged
parts.
• Carefully check and tighten all connections to, and seals on, the burner unit,
and check the gas flow settings before you attempt to ignite the flame.
Seepage of fuel and oxidant from the spray chamber may cause a flashback.
• Check that the burner head is seated correctly.
0993-5256 2-17
Safety Information
Hazards with flame atomization

Toxic combustion products:
Toxic combustion products can be generated by the system, depending on the
type of analyses being performed.
High temperatures:
The flame can generate temperatures of up to 2800 °C.
• To avoid serious burns, never touch the burner head until it has cooled to
room temperature.
UV radiation:
The flame, especially the nitrous oxide/acetylene flame, emits ultraviolet
radiation.
• Keep the atomizer compartment door closed when the flame is burning and
never directly view the flame unless you are wearing UV-absorbing glasses.
Acetylides:
If you have aspirated high concentrations of copper, silver, or mercury solutions
into an acetylene flame, unstable acetylides may have formed in the spray
chamber. If permitted to dry, these compounds may explode.
• Aspirate solution continuously to prevent residues from drying.
• Thoroughly flush the spray chamber and drain system with water
immediately after such an analysis.
Cyanide solutions:
If you intend to aspirate cyanide solutions, make sure that the pH of the liquid in
the waste container is greater than pH 10; toxic hydrogen cyanide gas is formed
when cyanides contact acidic solutions.
• Never allow solutions containing cyanides to mix with acidic solutions.
2-18 0993-5256
Safety Information
Safety practices for electrothermal atomization
Safety interlocks
Perkin Elmer provides a number of safety interlocks on the graphite furnace
(electrothermal atomization) system that monitor the gas pressure and the
temperature of certain system components.
• Do not attempt to defeat these interlocks; you may compromise your own, or
someone else’s, safety.
Inert gas
The graphite furnace requires a supply of inert gas. Perkin Elmer recommends
argon.
Although nitrogen can be used, it is not recommended for the inert gas supply. At
furnace temperatures above 2300 °C, nitrogen reacts with graphite to form toxic
cyanogen gas (CN)2.
Safety checks
• Before you start an analysis, make sure that:
– The inert gas supply is connected and set to the correct pressure;
– The cooling water supply is turned on;
– The autosampler waste bottle is empty.
0993-5256 2-19
Safety Information
Hazards with electrothermal atomization

Toxic products:
Toxic metal vapors, ozone, etc., can be generated by the system, depending on the
type of analyses being performed.
• If you use nitrogen as the inert gas, toxic cyanogen gas (CN)2 will be produced
when the furnace temperature is above 2300 °C.
High temperatures:
The THGA graphite furnace can generate temperatures of up to 2600 °C.
• To avoid serious burns, never touch the graphite components until the furnace
has cooled to room temperature.
• Do not attempt to inject a sample into the graphite tube when the furnace is
hot. You may be subjected to fumes from the sudden vaporization of the
sample, and may damage the pipet.
UV radiation:
The graphite furnace emits ultraviolet radiation when it is heated to
incandescence.
• Never directly view the graphite furnace unless you are wearing UV-
absorbing glasses.
Strong magnetic field:

The electromagnet generates a strong magnetic field inside the THGA furnace
during measurement cycles.
is operating.
2-20 0993-5256
Safety Information
Safety practices for FIAS and mercury/hydride systems
FIAS-Cells – To all users who have an MHS-20 in addition to FIAS

• Never use the FIAS-cell for the MHS-20.
• The smaller diameter of the FIAS-cell can cause an increase in back pressure.
This could force the acidic reaction mixture back into the sodium
tetrahydroborate storage container where large quantities of hydrogen would
be produced.
Safety checks
• Before you start an analysis, make sure that:
– The tubing in the fluid system is not constricted since this could lead to a
pressure build-up in the system;
– The drain tubing is inserted in the waste container and that this container
is empty.
• If you are using a flame to heat the QTA-cell or if you intend to perform
flame-FIAS analyses, refer to the information under Safety Practices for
Flame Atomization before you ignite the flame.
0993-5256 2-21
Safety Information
Hazards with FIAS and mercury/hydride systems

Toxic products:
Toxic metal vapors, etc., can be generated by the system, depending on the type
of analyses being performed.
High temperatures:
The QTA-cell used for the hydride-generation technique can reach temperatures
of up to 1000 C.
• Do not touch any part of the heating mantle (electrically heated systems), or
the cell holder (flame-heated systems), or the QTA-cell until they have cooled
to room temperature.
Hazardous chemicals:
Some of the chemicals required for analyses are corrosive and/or toxic.
• Refer to the information under Safe Handling of Chemicals and to the specific
warnings in the documentation provided with the system before you start an
analysis.
2-22 0993-5256
Safety Information
References for laboratory safety practice
• Bretherik, L., Bretherik’s Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards, 4th ed.,

Butterworth & Co. Ltd., London, UK, 1990.
• Bretherik, L., Hazards in the Chemical Laboratory, 3rd ed.,
Royal Society of Chemistry, London, UK, 1981.
• CRC Handbook of Laboratory Safety, 3rd ed., Furr, K., ed.,
The Chemical Rubber Co. Press, Florida, USA, 1990.
• Prudent Practices for Handling Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories,
National Research Council, National Academic Press, Washington D.C.,
USA, 1981.
• Sax, N., ed., Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials,
7th ed., Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1989.
• Compressed Gas Association, Inc., Arlington, VA 22202, USA, various
publications.
• Data Sheets provided by chemical manufacturers, e.g.:
– USA, Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS),
– FRG, DIN-Sicherheitsblätter,
– UK, Hazard Data Sheets.
0993-5256 2-23
Safety Information
2-24 0993-5256
Spectrometer Installation 3
3Spectrometer Installation
Contents page
Before you install the spectrometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

Moving and reinstalling the spectrometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Preparing the spectrometer to be moved . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Moving the spectrometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
Reinstalling the spectrometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
Connecting the burner gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
Connecting the furnace gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
Connecting the drain system to the burner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
Installing the furnace autosampler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
Installing the cooling system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15
Electrical connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-18
0993-5256 3-1
Spectrometer Installation
3-2 0993-5256
Before you install the spectrometer
When the spectrometer arrives

• Check the exterior of the shipping crate for obvious signs of damage. If the
crate has been damaged, file a claim with the authorized carrier immediately
and inform your nearest Perkin Elmer office.
• Contact your local Perkin Elmer office to arrange for the installation.
Before the service engineer arrives

• You must prepare a suitable site for the spectrometer and any accessories.
See ‘Laboratory Requirements’, and the guides for any accessories.
• You must make sure that the fume ventilation system and the necessary gas
supply lines and regulators are installed.
• Although you should not perform the initial installation yourself, we
recommend that you read the installation instructions to learn about the
spectrometer and its requirements before you start using it.
These instructions are also provided in case you need to alter any of the
connections or move the instrument.
When the service engineer arrives

• The service engineer will remove the spectrometer from the crate and check
that all parts have been delivered. If anything is missing or damaged, the
service engineer will make sure that the respective parts are supplied.
• The service engineer will remove the shipping locks, perform pre-installation
checks, install the spectrometer, and make sure that everything functions
correctly.
0993-5256 3-3
Moving and reinstalling the spectrometer
We recommend that only a Perkin Elmer service engineer or a Perkin Elmer

trained and authorized person moves and reinstalls the spectrometer.
Should you attempt to do this yourself, Perkin Elmer cannot be held responsible
for any damage or malfunctioning of the spectrometer.
The instructions here are primarily intended for occasions where you may want
to move the spectrometer short distances to a new location within the laboratory.
Read the instructions carefully and be sure you understand them thoroughly
before you attempt to move the spectrometer. Read the detailed information given
in the relevant sections of this chapter before you reinstall the spectrometer.
If you intend to transport the spectrometer over a longer distance, contact your
local Perkin Elmer office since internal shipping locks must be set via the service
software, inside the spectrometer.
Preparing the spectrometer to be moved

1. Close the AA WinLab application, then shut down the Windows operating
system.
2. Switch off the spectrometer, computer and all the accessories.
3. Disconnect all the electrical cables.
4. Remove the furnace autosampler from the spectrometer (see ‘Removing the
autosampler from the spectrometer’ in the ‘Graphite Furnace User’s
Guide’).
5. Disconnect the burner gas supplies.
6. Disconnect the drain system from the burner.
7. Disconnect the furnace gas supplies.
8. Prepare the computer and other system components for transport as described
in their own guides.
9. Attach the original handles securely. Only use the original handles and
screws.
Make sure that the handles are properly secure before you move the
spectrometer.
3-4 0993-5256
Moving the spectrometer
W1.4
Warning: Risk of injury through lifting
The instrument weighs approximately 190 kg.
Improper lifting can cause painful and sometimes permanent back injury.
• Use proper lifting techniques and always use the handles to lift or move the
instrument.
Caution: Risk of damage to the instrument
The spectrometer is a precision optical instrument. Move the spectrometer very
carefully and protect it from vibrations and jolts. Do not tilt the spectrometer.
If the spectrometer must be tilted or mechanically lifted, contact your Perkin
Elmer service representative before moving the spectrometer. The shipping
locks must be properly secured to prevent any damage occurring if the
spectrometer is tilted or jolted.
Carefully lift the spectrometer onto a movable table to transport it to the new
location.
Reinstalling the spectrometer

Reinstall the spectrometer by following exactly the procedures described in this
chapter, as summarized in the steps below.
1. Prepare the new site for the spectrometer; see ‘Laboratory Requirements’.
2. Remove the handles. Save the handles and screws.
Insert the plastic plugs provided (B015-3803) into the screw holes.
3. Connect the burner and furnace gas supplies.
4. Connect the drain system to the burner.
5. Install the furnace autosampler.
6. Connect the cooling system for the graphite furnace.
7. Make sure that the main power switches of all the instruments are in the off
position, then connect the electrical cables.
0993-5256 3-5
Connecting the burner gases

The connectors for the burner gases are located on the rear panel of the
spectrometer.
What you need to provide:

• Suitable supplies of acetylene, air, and nitrous oxide. The gases must conform
with the requirements listed in ‘Laboratory Requirements’.
• Suitable pressure regulators and on/off valves near to the spectrometer for the
gas supplies.
The gas supply systems must comply with your local safety regulations.
Refer also to the information given under ‘Safety Information’.
W5.9
Perkin Elmer burner systems are designed for use with compressed air. The use
of oxygen can cause an explosion in the burner system, and oxygen-enriched air
can cause a flashback of the flame.
• Never use oxygen or oxygen-enriched air with Perkin Elmer burner systems.
Use only compressed air.
What is provided with the spectrometer:

• Gas hose assemblies for acetylene, air, and nitrous oxide.
The fittings on the gas hose assemblies are suitable for connection to most
commercially available pressure regulators. These are R 3/8'' standard
threaded fittings. The fuel (acetylene) fitting has a left-hand thread, while the
oxidant (air, nitrous oxide) fittings have right-hand threads.
If you require an adapter for your regulator, contact the gas supplier or the
regulator manufacturer, or your local Perkin Elmer office.
3-6 0993-5256
To connect the gases
Air
1. Make sure that the air supply is turned off.
2. Use the black hose assembly to connect a source of clean, dry, and filtered air
to the fitting labelled Air/Luft on the rear panel of the spectrometer.
Nitrous oxide
1. Make sure that the nitrous oxide supply is turned off.
2. Use the blue N2O hose assembly to connect a source of clean, dry nitrous
oxide to the fitting labelled N2O on the rear panel of the spectrometer.
Acetylene
1. Make sure that the acetylene supply is turned off.
2. Use the red C2H2 hose assembly to connect a source of clean, dry acetylene to
the fitting labelled C2 H2 on the rear panel of the spectrometer.
0993-5256 3-7

Gaz du Four
Ofengase
P m i n
P m a x
230 V 23 0 V 230 V 3 50 4 00 kP a
5 0/ 60 Hz 5 0/60 Hz 5 0/ 60 Hz 3 .5 4 .0 b ar
Ar / N 2
5 0. 0 5 8.0 psig
No rm alg as
4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T)
23 0 V
5 0/60 Hz
Cool ing Syst e m

Burner Gases
Um lau f kühlu ng
Gaz du Bruleur
Brennergase
P m i n
P m a
P x m i n
P m a
P
x m i n
Pm a x
4 50 500 kPa 4 50 5 00 kP a 9 0 1 00 kP a
I 4 .5
6 5.0
5.0 b ar 4 .5
72. 5 psig 6 5. 0
5 .0 b ar 0 .9
7 2.5 psi g 1 3. 0
1 .0 b ar
1 4.5 psi g
0
Air / Luft NO2
CH
2 2
In Out
Ent ré e S orti e
HO
2
P Pm a x
3 50 400 kPa
Furnace Cooling
3 .5 4.0 b ar
Ofenkühlung
Air/Luft N O
2
C H 2 2
Black (B015-4987)
Air
Blue (B015-4990)
Nitrous oxide: N2O
Red (B015-4984)
Acetylene: C2H2
Figure 3-1. Connecting the Burner Gases
3-8 0993-5256
Connecting the furnace gases

The connectors for the furnace gases are located on the rear panel of the
spectrometer.
Note: The furnace will operate correctly only if there is gas pressure at both the
Normal Gas and Special Gas inlets. If you are using only an inert gas you must
connect the gas to both inlets using the Y-connector.
What you need to provide:

• A suitable supply of argon (or nitrogen) and if necessary a suitable supply of
a special gas. The gases must conform with the requirements listed in
Laboratory Requirements.
• Suitable pressure regulators and on/off valves near to the spectrometer for the
inert and special gas supplies.
• A tube cutter for the special gas tube. This is an optional accessory; Part No.
0992-3183.
The gas supply systems must comply with your local safety regulations.
Refer also to the information given under ‘Safety Information’.
What is provided with the spectrometer:

• About 10 m of special gas tube, B050-8264.
• A Y-connector with automatic push-fit connectors, 0992-0179.
• Two screw connectors, R ¼'' for the gas regulator. These are not supplied with
all instrument versions.
0993-5256 3-9
To connect argon (or nitrogen) only

Refer to Figure 3-2 on the following page.
1. Make sure that the argon (or nitrogen) supply is turned off.
2. Use the special tube cutter to cut two, 10 cm lengths of tube from the special
gas tube. The ends of the tubes must be cut squarely.
3. Connect the long gas tube to the argon (or nitrogen) pressure regulator. Use
the R ¼'' screw connector provided or use a connector or adapter suitable for
the gas regulator. Make sure that all the connections are secure.
4. Pass the gas tube to the rear of the spectrometer. Make sure that it cannot be
damaged or strained.
5. Push the two short tubes and the long tube into the connectors on the Y-
connector as shown on the following page.
6. Push the free ends of the two short gas tubes into the Normal Gas and Special
Gas connectors on the manifold as shown.
Push the tubes into the connectors until the tubes butt up to the end of the
connector.
Note: To disconnect the gas tube from a connector:
Carefully push the black locking ring of the connector into the connector and
pull the tube out of the connector.
3-10 0993-5256

Gaz du Four
Ofengase
P m i n
P m a x
230 V 23 0 V 230 V 3 50 4 00 kP a
5 0/ 60 Hz 5 0/60 Hz 5 0/ 60 Hz 3 .5 4 .0 b ar
Ar / N 2
5 0. 0 5 8.0 psig
No rm alg as
4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T)
23 0 V
5 0/60 Hz
Cool ing Syst e m

Burner Gases
Um lau f kühlu ng
Gaz du Bruleur
Brennergase
P m i n
P m a
P x m i n
P m a
P
x m i n
Pm a x
4 50 500 kPa 4 50 5 00 kP a 9 0 1 00 kP a
I 4 .5
6 5.0
5.0 b ar 4 .5
72. 5 psig 6 5. 0
5 .0 b ar 0 .9
7 2.5 psi g 1 3. 0
1 .0 b ar
1 4.5 psi g
0
Air / Luft NO2
CH
2 2
In Out
Ent ré e S orti e
HO
2
P Pm a x
3 50 400 kPa
Furnace Cooling
3 .5 4.0 b ar
Ofenkühlung
Black locking ring
Black locking ring
Y-connector
Argon
(or nitrogen)
Figure 3-2. Connecting Argon (or Nitrogen) only
0993-5256 3-11
To connect both argon and a special gas

Refer to Figure 3-3 on the following page.
1. Make sure that the gas supplies are turned off.
2. Use the special tube cutter to cut the special gas tube into two pieces for the
two gas supplies. The ends of the tubes must be cut squarely.
3. Connect the gas tubes to the argon (or nitrogen) and special gas pressure
regulators. Use the R ¼'' screw connectors provided or use a connector or
adapter suitable for the gas regulator. Make sure that all the connections are
secure.
4. Pass the gas tubes to the rear of the spectrometer. Make sure that they cannot
be damaged or strained.
5. Push the free ends of the gas supply tubes into the Normal Gas and Special Gas
connectors on the manifold as shown.
Push the tubes into the connectors until the tubes butt up to the end of the
connector.
Note: To disconnect the gas tube from a connector:
Carefully push the black locking ring of the connector into the connector and
pull the tube out of the connector.
3-12 0993-5256
I nstrum e nt Com mu n icat io n Furnace Gases

Gaz du Four
Ofengase
Pm n
i
P m a x
23 0 V 23 0 V 23 0 V 3 50 4 00 kP a
5 0/60 Hz 5 0/60 Hz 5 0/60 Hz 3 .5 4 .0 b ar
Ar / N 2
5 0.0 5 8.0 psi g
Norma l Gas Speci al Gas
Gaz No rm al Gaz Sp éci al
F1 F2 F3 F4 Spezi alg as
Norma lg as
4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T)
23 0 V
50/ 60 Hz
Co ol ing Syst em
Systè me de Ref roid issem e nt
Burner Gases
Um lau fküh lu ng
Gaz du Bruleur
Brennergase
P m i n
P m
P
a x m i n
P m a x
Pm i n
Pm a x
450 5 00 kP a 4 50 5 00 kP a 90 1 00 kP a
I 4.5
65. 0
5 .0 b ar 4 .5
7 2.5 psi g 6 5.0
5 .0 b ar
7 2.5 psi g
0.9
13. 0
1 .0 b ar
1 4.5 psi g
0
Air / Luft NO2
CH
2 2
In O ut
E ntré e Sor ti e
E ing a ng A usg an g
HO
2
P Pm a x
3 50 4 00 kPa
Furnace Cooling
3 .5 4 .0 bar
Refroidissement du Four 5 0.0 5 8. 0 psig
Ofenkühlung
Black locking ring
Special gas
Argon
(or nitrogen)
Figure 3-3. Connecting Argon (or Nitrogen) and a Special Gas
0993-5256 3-13
Connecting the drain system to the burner

Procedures for connecting the drain system to the burner are described in
‘Maintaining the drain system’ in the ‘Burner System User’s Guide’.
Installing the furnace autosampler

Procedures for demounting and reinstalling the furnace autosampler are described
in ‘Installing the furnace autosampler’ in the ‘Graphite Furnace User’s Guide’.
3-14 0993-5256
Installing the cooling system

A recirculating cooling system is provided with the spectrometer system. This
system includes a pressure-sensitive safety switch that switches off the pump if
the internal pressure in the circulatory system increases to above a safe value (see
‘Cooling the furnace’ in the ‘Graphite Furnace User’s Guide’).
Caution: Risk of damage to the instrument from high water pressure

High water pressure may cause the coolant tubes on the furnace to burst. The
cooling system includes a pressure-sensitive safety switch that switches off the
pump if the pressure becomes too high for any reason. The pressure in the main
laboratory water supply may be too high for safety.
• Never connect the spectrometer system directly to the main laboratory water
supply. Always use the cooling system.
Connecting and disconnecting the water hoses

The inlet and outlet hoses are permanently attached to the cooling system. They
have automatic connectors which are marked with the direction of the water flow.
1. Place the cooling system in a convenient position on the floor underneath
the spectrometer. Do not place the cooling system on the same bench as the
spectrometer since vibrations can adversely influence the spectrometer.
Make sure that:
– You can reach the on/off switch at the rear.
– There is space at the rear and sides of the cooling system for air to
circulate freely.
– There is space to remove the stopper and fill the system.
– You can see the water level indicator.
2. Pass the two hoses from the cooling system to the rear of the spectrometer.
Make sure they are not strained.
3. Push the hose connectors onto the correct fittings on the spectrometer as
shown opposite.
The connectors are spring loaded. Push them straight onto the fittings until
they click into place.
Note: To disconnect the water hoses:
Carefully pull the knurled locking ring down slightly, to release the lock, and
pull the connector off the fitting on the spectrometer.
0993-5256 3-15
Cooling System
Locating the cooling system
Instr ume nt Furnace Gas es

Co mmun icatio n
Gaz du Four
Ofengase
Pm i n
P m a x
230 V 230 V 230 V 350 4 00 kPa

50/60 H z 50/60 H z 3.5 4 .0 bar
50/60 H z Ar / N 2 50.0 5 8.0 psi g
N orma l G as Sp ecial G as
G az No rmal G az Spécial
F1 F2 F3 F4 N orma lgas Sp ezialg as
4 A (T) 4 A (T ) 4 A (T) 4 A (T )
230 V
50/60 H z
Connecting the hoses Co ol ing Syst em

Systè me de Ref r oidisse me nt
Um lau fküh lu ng
P
4 50
m i n
P
500
m a x
Burner Gases
Gaz du Bruleur
P
kPa 450
Brennergas e
m i n
P m
5 00 kPa
a x
Pm
90
n
i
P
100
m a x
kP a
I 4 .5
6 5. 0
5.0
72.5
bar 4.5
psi g 65.0
5 .0 b ar
7 2.5 psig
0.9
13.0
1.0
14.5
bar
psig
0
Ai r / Luft NO2
CH
2 2
In O ut
Entrée Sor tie
E inga ng Ausg ang
HO
2
P Pm a x
3 50 400 kPa
Furnace Cooling 3 .5 4.0 b ar
Refroidisse ment du Four 5 0.0 58.0 psig
Ofenkühlung
WATER IN WATER OUT
3-16 0993-5256
Filling the cooling system

The cooling system is self-priming; air in the system is removed automatically as
the cooling system operates. The coolant is a 1:10 solution of glycerine in water
(1 part glycerine plus 9 parts water).
Note: The cooling system contains 0.5 L glycerine when it leaves the factory.
(See ‘Cooling system maintenance procedures’ in the ‘Graphite Furnace User’s
Guide’ for the procedure to follow when you empty and refill the cooling system.
Do not use antifreeze.)
.
1. Remove the stopper from the top of
the cooling system – twist and pull.
2. Fill the system to the Max mark with
deionized water or sediment free
drinking water – about 4.5 L.
3. Replace the stopper securely.
Max
Min
Water level indicator
0993-5256 3-17
Electrical connections
W2.3
• To prevent potential injury to yourself and damage to the instrument, switch
OFF all instruments in the system and disconnect them from the line power
supply before you perform the procedures described below.
Read the following instructions very carefully before connecting any cables.
See ‘Laboratory Requirements’ for the specification of the line power supply.
Summary
1. Make sure that the spectrometer and the cooling system are switched off.
2. Switch the circuit breaker on the rear panel of the spectrometer to the off
position (marked ).
3. Switch off the computer and all other instruments that you will connect to the
spectrometer or computer. See the guides for the individual instruments for
the procedure to use.
4. Disconnect the line power cords of the spectrometer and all other instruments
from the line power supply.
5. Connect the instrument control cables and power cords as shown on the
following page.
6. When you have completed all connections, switch on the system (see
‘Switching on the system’, page 4-3).
3-18 0993-5256
Connections panel
on the rear of the
spectrometer
Instrument Communication
230 V 230 V 230 V

50/60 Hz 50/60 Hz 50/60 H z
F1 F2 F3 F4
4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T)
230 V
50/60 Hz Use these power
Cooling System
Système de Refroidiss ement
Umlaufkühlung outlets only if the
computer and printer
I
require 230 V
0
Spectrometer
line power cord
Communication
cable
Monitor
Computer
Printer
Cooling
system
Connect to the outlets at the rear of the

spectrometer or to a suitable line power supply Communication
that uses the same protective ground (earth) as interface
the line power supply to the spectrometer
Figure 3-4. Electrical Connections
0993-5256 3-19
3-20 0993-5256
Preparing the System for Analyses 4
4Preparing the System for Analyses
Contents page
Switching on the system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

Installing lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
Installing sample trays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11
Shutting down the system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
Emergency shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14
0993-5256 4-1
Preparing the System
4-2 0993-5256
Switching on the system
1. Read the safety information at the front of this guide before you operate the
system.
2. Make sure that the spectrometer system and other ancillary instruments are
correctly installed and connected to their power supplies.
Make sure that the coolant hoses are connected correctly to the spectrometer.
Where applicable, make sure that the cooling system is filled to the Max mark
(see ‘Filling the cooling system’, page 3-17).
3. Switch on the fume ventilation system for the work area.
4. Turn on the burner gases and adjust the outlet gauge pressures to the
recommended values (see Table 4-1 on page 4-5).
5. Turn on the inert (and special) gas for the furnace and adjust the outlet gauge
pressures to the recommended values (see Table 4-2 on page 4-6).
Note: You must always turn on the air supply since air pressure is required for
the internal pneumatic system. If you intend to work with only one atomizer, you
only need to additionally turn on the gas supplies for that atomizer.
6. Turn on the cooling water to the system:
Switch on the circulatory cooling system by pressing the power switch
located on the rear panel.
You can leave this switch permanently in the on position since power is supplied by
the spectrometer.
7. Switch the circuit breaker on the rear panel of the spectrometer to the on
position (marked ).
You can leave this switch permanently in the on position during routine operation;
you switch the spectrometer system on and off via the operational on/off switch
located on the front panel.
8. Switch on the computer.
If your computer has a power management system, switch this off.
9. Install a Lumina hollow cathode lamp in any holder in the lamp compartment
(procedure: page 4-7).
A hollow cathode lamp must be installed in at least one holder before you switch on
the spectrometer.
10. Switch on the spectrometer system with the operational on/off switch located
on the front panel.
0993-5256 4-3
11. If you need the diluter, autosampler, or flow injection system, switch on the
respective systems.
12. If you have changed the configuration of the system, such as installed a
different autosampler or added or removed any accessories, use the
Reconfigure utility to reconfigure the software (see the Online Help in AA
WinLab).
13. Start AA WinLab: In the AA WinLab group, double click on the AA WinLab
icon.
14. Set up the various parts of the system:
1. Install any further lamps that you require for the analyses
2. Set up the burner system
(see ‘Setting up the system for analyses using the flame technique’ in the
‘Burner System User’s Guide’).
3. Set up the graphite furnace system
(see ‘Setting up the system for analyses using the furnace technique’ in the
‘Graphite Furnace User’s Guide’).
Procedures for shutting down the system are described on page 4-12.
In an emergency, you can shut down the system as described on page 4-14.
4-4 0993-5256
Table 4-1. Required Pressures for the Burner Gases
Gas Outlet Gauge Pressure
kPa bar psig
Pmin Pmax Pmin Pmax Pmin Pmax
Acetylene 90 100 0.9 1.0 13.0 14.5

(C2H2)
Air 450 500 4.5 5.0 65.0 72.5
Nitrous oxide 450 500 4.5 5.0 65.0 72.5

(N2O)
• Set the outlet gauge pressure for each gas to a value just below the maximum
value (Pmax).
• Always set the same outlet gauge pressure for air and nitrous oxide.
• Never set the outlet gauge pressure to a value exceeding the maximum
pressure (Pmax ).
• Always turn on the air supply since air pressure is required for the
spectrometer’s pneumatic system.
W5.7
Acetylene can decompose explosively at pressures higher than 103 kPa/
1.03 bar/15 psig.
• Always make sure that the acetylene outlet gauge pressure is below this
value.
0993-5256 4-5
Table 4-2. Required Pressures for the Furnace Gases
Gas Outlet Gauge Pressure
kPa bar psig
Argon 350 400 3.5 4.0 50.0 58.0
Nitrogen 350 400 3.5 4.0 50.0 58.0

Special 350 400 3.5 4.0 50.0 58.0
value (Pmax).
• Never set the outlet gauge pressure to a value exceeding the maximum
pressure (Pmax).
W6.1
Warning: Toxic Gases
If you use nitrogen as the inert gas, toxic cyanogen gas (CN)2 will be produced
• Make sure that the main laboratory fume ventilation system removes all
gases and fumes emitted by the furnace.
4-6 0993-5256
Installing lamps
Lamp compartment
The lamp compartment is located on the left-hand side of the spectrometer,
beneath a hinged cover. The compartment is easily accessible from the front when
the cover is open.
Lamp compartment cover
The spectrometer is designed to operate with Perkin Elmer Lumina hollow

cathode lamps (HCLs) and coded electrodeless discharge lamps (EDLs).
The lamp compartment has holders for up to eight lamps.
You can install Lumina HCLs in all eight holders. The holders incorporate the
receptacles for connection of the Lumina lamps.
You can install EDLs in holders 1–4 only. The sockets for the power supplies to
the EDLs are located on the left-hand side of the lamp compartment.
0993-5256 4-7
3 5 7
2 4 6 8
Lamp holders numbered 1 through 8
Sockets for EDLs
Figure 4-1. Lamp Holders in the Lamp Compartment
Installing and connecting lamps
HCLs
Note: A hollow cathode lamp must be installed in at least one holder before you
switch on the spectrometer.
1. Open the lamp compartment cover by lifting it at the front and swinging it
back.
2. Slide the Lumina lamp for the required element into the selected lamp holder
and make sure that the integrated socket slides fully home over the receptacle
on the lamp holder.
3. Close the lamp compartment cover.
3 5 7
Lumina hollow cathode lamp
2 4 6 8
4-8 0993-5256
EDLs
You must use the lamp holders numbered 1 through 4 for EDLs.
1. Open the lamp compartment cover by lifting it at the front and swinging it
back.
2. If necessary, assemble the lamp by sliding the lamp driver into the lamp
sleeve for the required element. Depress the locking pin as the sleeve slides
into place and make sure that the locking pin extends through the locating
hole in the sleeve.
Lamp sleeve
Lamp driver
Locking pin
Coding plug
3. Slide the lamp carefully into the selected lamp holder until it butts up against
the end-stop inside the holder.
4. Insert the coding plug over the receptacle on the lamp holder.
5. Insert the lamp connector into the correct EDL socket at the left-hand side of
the lamp compartment. Use the receptacle that has the same number as the
lamp holder.
6. Close the lamp compartment cover.
3 5 7
Coding plug
2 4 6 8
EDL socket
0993-5256 4-9
Removing lamps
Do not unplug and remove lamps while they are switched on.
1. On the Toolbar, click on Lamps. The Align Lamps window appears.
2. Make sure that the lamps you want to remove are switched off:
The On buttons must not be green. If necessary, click on the respective On
buttons.
3. Close the Align Lamps window.
4. Unplug and remove the lamps. For EDLs, remove the coding plugs as well.
Tips for installing lamps

• Use only Perkin Elmer lamps. You can use both hollow cathode and
electrodeless discharge lamps.
• Do not touch the front window of the lamp; perspiration or other
contamination can reduce the intensity of the radiation.
• If you install more than one lamp containing a particular element, for
example, a single-element copper lamp and a multi-element lamp containing
copper, the system will use the lamp in the holder with the lower number
when you perform determinations of that element. Make sure that you place
the preferred lamp in the holder with the lower number.
• With EDLs, connect each lamp plug to the socket that has the same number
as the holder of the lamp.
• With EDLs, make sure that you use the correct coding plug and connect it to
the receptacle on the lamp holder containing the EDL.
• If you use the wrong coding plug or connect the coding plug to the wrong
receptacle, you will cause the spectrometer to malfunction and may cause
irreparable damage to the lamp.
4-10 0993-5256
Installing sample trays
A sample tray can be inserted into one of three locations in front of the
spectrometer – on the left-hand side, in front of the atomizer compartment, and on
the right-hand side. You can leave a tray permanently installed on the left-hand
side if you wish. You cannot install a tray in front of the atomizer compartment
or on the right-hand side as long as the furnace autosampler is installed. When the
autosampler is swivelled to the standby position at the right, you can install a tray
in front of the atomizer compartment.
The sample trays are robust and can support an accessory, such as a diluter, or a
flame autosampler, or a flow injection system.
To install the tray

1. Hold the tray with both hands and position it in front of the location into which
you wish to insert it.
2. Insert the tray support posts into the guides at the base of the instrument and
slide in the tray until it hits the stop. Then gently lift the front of the tray and
slide it finally into place. You can feel it lock into place.
To remove the tray

1. Gently lift the tray at the front and then pull it back to slide it out of the guides.
0993-5256 4-11
Shutting down the system
Note: In an emergency, switch off the spectrometer using the operational on/off
switch on the front panel.
The flame is automatically extinguished and the gases shut down in a safe
sequence.
See page 4-14 for the procedure to follow after an emergency shutdown.
You must shut down each atomizer correctly before you shut down the
spectrometer.
To shut down the flame system

1. With the flame still burning, aspirate the correct rinsing solutions to rinse the
burner system (see ‘Extinguishing the flame’ in the ‘Burner System User’s
Guide’ for detailed information).
Either aspirate the solutions manually or use the flame autosampler.
2. Extinguish the flame and bleed the gas lines:
1.In the Flame Control window, click on the Flame icon.
The system uses a predetermined shutdown sequence to extinguish
the flame safely.
2.Shut down the gases to the spectrometer at source.
3.In the Flame Control window, click on Bleed Gases to depressurize the
gas lines.
To shut down the furnace system

1. Flush the furnace autosampler rinsing system (see ‘Autosampler maintenance
procedures’ in the ‘Graphite Furnace User’s Guide’ for detailed
information).
2. Shut down the furnace gases to the spectrometer at source.
To shut down the spectrometer

1. Exit AA WinLab:
In the File menu, click on Exit.
2. Switch off the spectrometer at the operational on/off switch on the front panel.
3. Switch off any accessories.
4-12 0993-5256
4. If you do not want to use the computer for other tasks, shut down the computer
and printer as described in their user’s guides.
5. Empty the burner drain vessel (see ‘Emptying the drain vessel’ in the ‘Burner
System User’s Guide’).
6. Empty the furnace autosampler waste bottle.
Note: Dispose of hazardous or corrosive solutions properly and refer to your
local safety regulations for proper disposal procedures.
0993-5256 4-13
Emergency shutdown
If a situation arises where you have to shut down the system quickly and you do
not have time to carry out the correct procedure, you can use the procedure
described below.
Note: This procedure is for use in an emergency only. Do not use it as a routine
shutdown procedure.
2. Shut down the gases to the spectrometer at source.
When you return to the spectrometer, proceed as follows to shut down the system
properly.
3. If you were previously running concentrated salt solutions, organic solvents,
or solutions containing cyanide, copper, silver, or mercury:
1. Remove the burner head (see the ‘Burner System User’s Guide’).
2. Pour a large quantity of deionized water slowly through the neck of the
spray chamber to thoroughly flush the chamber and the drain system.
4. Check the burner head.
If there are deposits along the slot, clean the burner head (see the ‘Burner
System User’s Guide’).
5. Reinstall the burner head.
6. Switch on and set up the spectrometer system.
7. Ignite the flame.
8. Extinguish the flame properly.
4-14 0993-5256
Spectrometer:
System Maintenance 5
5Spectrometer: System Maintenance
Contents page
Perkin Elmer Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3

Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Maintenance checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
Spectrometer maintenance procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
Cleaning the windows of the optical system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
Maintaining the electrical components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
Changing the air filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9
Replacing the deuterium lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10
0993-5256 5-1
System Maintenance
5-2 0993-5256
System Maintenance
Perkin Elmer Service
W1.2
Only a Perkin Elmer service engineer or similarly trained and authorized person
should be permitted to service the instrument.
• Do not attempt to make adjustments, replacements, repairs, or modifications
to this instrument except as described in the documentation supplied with the
instrument.
If the spectrometer system does not function correctly...

• Switch off the spectrometer system and make sure that it cannot be operated.
• Contact your local Perkin Elmer office.
You should only perform the maintenance procedures described in this guide.
For any other maintenance or service contact your local Perkin Elmer office to
arrange for a service engineer to visit.
In particular you should only allow a Perkin Elmer service engineer or similarly
trained and authorized person to perform any work on:
• electrical components inside the instrument;
• the gas connections and gas system pneumatics;
• the monochromator and all other optical system components.
Before the service engineer arrives:

1. Make sure that the instrument and work area are clean.
2. Empty corrosive solutions from the burner drain vessel.
Then add water to the drain trap to activate the function.
3. Empty the furnace autosampler waste bottle.
Troubleshooting
See the Troubleshooting Guide supplied with the AA WinLab software. This
guide includes information on problems that can arise with both the software and
the spectrometer system.
0993-5256 5-3
System Maintenance
Maintenance checklist
General preventative maintenance procedures

Instrument and work For safety reasons, and to avoid contaminating new samples, you should
area make sure that the instrument and the work area are always absolutely clean.
This is especially important when you are working with toxic substances and
when you are measuring trace amounts of any elements.
Wipe up spills immediately before they can cause further contamination or
damage.
Before you leave the instrument standing idle for any period of time, make
sure that all the components are clean.
Fume ventilation Make sure that the main fume ventilation system functions correctly.
Always switch it on when you are using the instrument.
Environmental Make sure that the environmental conditions are as described in ‘Laboratory
conditions Requirements’.
Spectrometer, maintenance checklist

External surfaces Wipe over the surfaces with a lint-free cloth moistened with a dilute solution
of laboratory detergent.
The surfaces are resistant to dilute acids and alkalis, and to a lesser extent to
strong acids and alkalis and organic solvents.
Air filters Fit new filters yearly or more often in a dusty environment
Atomizer These windows do not normally require cleaning but if they become marked,
compartment e.g., with fingerprints, you can clean them (procedure: page 5-5).
windows, lamp end
windows
5-4 0993-5256
System Maintenance
Spectrometer maintenance procedures
Procedures described
• Cleaning the windows.
• Changing the air filter.
• Resetting the circuit breaker and changing the fuses.
• Replacing the deuterium lamp.
Cleaning the windows of the optical system
Caution: Risk of damage to optical components

Never touch or clean the surfaces of the grating or mirrors.
If mirror surfaces are scratched they must be resurfaced.
Do not allow cleaning fluids to come into contact with any of the reflecting
surfaces.
Most of the optical components are under the main cover of the spectrometer and
are protected by the black optics covers.
Usually these components require no maintenance, provided the laboratory fume
ventilation system is working correctly and the environmental conditions are as
described in ‘Laboratory Requirements’.
The only optical parts that are exposed are:
• The atomizer compartment windows.
• The windows of the lamps.
• The furnace windows. Cleaning the furnace windows is described under
System Maintenance in the Graphite Furnace User’s Guide.
These windows are important parts of the whole optical system. Handle them
carefully, as you would any sensitive optical component. Do not directly touch the
windows.
If mirror surfaces need cleaning, this must be done by a Perkin Elmer service
engineer or a similarly authorized and trained person who knows the special
techniques required.
0993-5256 5-5
System Maintenance
To clean the windows:

This must be done only by a skilled person who knows the special techniques
required.
Note: The more you rub the surface of the windows, the more chance there is of
scratching them. You must change scratched windows.
1. Blow dust off optical surfaces with clean dry air before you attempt to clean
them. Do not rub the surfaces.
2. Clean the window surfaces with a soft lint-free cloth moistened with
spectroscopic grade alcohol. The window must dry quickly to avoid leaving
drying marks.
Keep the cleaning solutions and water away from other parts of the
instrument.
5-6 0993-5256
System Maintenance
Maintaining the electrical components
W2.3
Parts that may be serviced by the user

The only parts that you should attempt to maintain are those described below.
The electronic components in the instrument do not contain any parts which you
can maintain yourself. If there is a problem, contact your local Perkin Elmer
office.
If any fuses blow frequently or if the automatic circuit breaker switch is activated
frequently, contact your local Perkin Elmer office for advice.
Resetting the automatic circuit breaker

The spectrometer has an automatic circuit breaker which prevents the system
from drawing too much current.
When the circuit breaker is activated, the switch flips to the off position
(marked ). This can happen while an analysis is running.
1. To reset the switch, wait a few seconds then put the switch to the on position
(marked ).
If this switch is activated frequently, contact your local Perkin Elmer office
for advice.
Changing the fuses
W2.9
• Use only fuses with the correct current rating and of the specified type for
replacement.
• Do not use makeshift fuses and do not short-circuit the fuse holders.
1. Switch off the spectrometer and all other instruments in the system as
described in the relevant guides.
position (marked ).
0993-5256 5-7
System Maintenance

Gaz du Four
Ofengase
P m i n
P m a x
230 V 23 0 V 230 V 3 50 4 00 kP a
5 0/ 60 Hz 5 0/60 Hz 5 0/ 60 Hz 3 .5 4 .0 b ar
Ar / N 2
5 0. 0 5 8.0 psig
No rm alg as
4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T)
23 0 V
5 0/60 Hz
Cool ing Syst e m

Burner Gases
Um lau f kühlu ng
Gaz du Bruleur
Brennergase
P m i n
P m a
P x m i n
P m a
P
x m i n
Pm a x
4 50 500 kPa 4 50 5 00 kP a 9 0 1 00 kP a
I 4 .5
6 5.0
5.0 b ar 4 .5
72. 5 psig 6 5. 0
5 .0 b ar 0 .9
7 2.5 psi g 1 3. 0
1 .0 b ar
1 4.5 psi g
0
Air / Luft NO2
CH
2 2
In Out
Ent ré e S orti e
HO
2
P Pm a x
3 50 400 kPa
Furnace Cooling
3 .5 4.0 b ar
Ofenkühlung
230 V 230 V 230 V

50/60 Hz 50/60 Hz 50/60 Hz
F1 F2 F3 F4
4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T)
230 V
50/60 Hz
Cooling System
Fuses, F1, F2, F3, F4 Système de Refroidissement

Umlaufkühlung
I
0
Automatic circuit breaker
3. Disconnect the spectrometer’s line power cord from the line power supply.
4. Disconnect all the line power cords from the sockets at the rear of the
spectrometer.
5. To change the fuses numbered F1, F2, F3, F4:
1. Insert the tip of a suitable screwdriver in the slit of the fuse holder and
unscrew the fuse holder.
2. Remove the blown fuse, then insert a new one of the correct type and
rating. The correct rating is shown on the label of the fuse on the rear
panel of the spectrometer.
3. Screw the fuse holder into the correct socket.
6. Reconnect the line power cords correctly.
5-8 0993-5256
System Maintenance
Changing the air filters

To make sure that the electrical components in the spectrometer are properly
cooled, the air filters must allow sufficient air into the instrument. Check the
filters regularly and change them if they are dirty.
You should not need to change the filters more than once every year if the
environmental conditions are as described under ‘Laboratory Requirements’.
Replacement filters are available; see ‘Parts and Supplies’ for the part number.
1. Carefully pull off the snap-on plastic grid that holds the air filter in place.
2. Replace the filter and push the grid back into place.
Instrument Communication Furnace Gases

Gaz du Four
Ofengase
Pm in
P m a x
230 V 230 V 230 V 350 400 kPa

50/60 Hz 50/60 Hz 50/60 Hz 3.5 4.0 bar
Ar / N 2
50.0 58.0 psig
Normal Gas Special Gas
Gaz Norm al Gaz Spécial
F1 F2 F3 F4 Spezialgas
Normalgas
4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T)
230 V
50/60 Hz
Cooling System
Burner Gases
Um laufkühlung
Gaz du Bruleur
Brennergase
P m in
P m
P
a x m in
P m a x
Pm in
P m a x
450 500 kPa 450 500 kPa 90 100 kPa

I 4.5
65.0
5.0 bar 4.5
72.5 psig 65.0
5.0 bar
72.5 psig
0.9
13.0
1.0 bar
14.5 psig
0
Air / Luft NO2
CH
2 2
In Out
Entrée Sortie
Eingang Ausgang
HO2
P Pm a x
350 400 kPa

Furnace Cooling
3.5 4.0 bar
Refroidissement du Four 50.0 58.0 psig
Ofenkühlung
Air filters
0993-5256 5-9
System Maintenance
Replacing the deuterium lamp

The deuterium lamp for the background corrector has a limited lifetime. After a
prolonged period of operation the lamp will exhibit decreasing radiant intensity
and will ultimately fail.
The lifetime of the deuterium lamp will be prolonged if you do not switch it on
and off frequently.
You can replace the deuterium lamp assembly yourself. The replacement lamp is
fitted in a prealigned mount.
Deuterium
lamp cover
Figure 5-1. Location of Deuterium Lamp inside the Spectrometer
W2.3
position (marked ).
3. Disconnect the spectrometer from the line power supply.
5-10 0993-5256
System Maintenance
Captive screws
Thumbscrew
Deuterium lamp
assembly
Deuterium lamp plug
Figure 5-2. Deuterium Lamp Cover and Bracket Assembly

4. Open the top cover of the spectrometer:
1. Remove the two securing screws; one on the left and one on the right.
2. Swing back the cover to the open position.
5. Remove the deuterium lamp assembly:
1. Undo the two captive screws on the deuterium lamp cover.
2. Carefully lift up the deuterium lamp cover.
The deuterium lamp assembly is attached to a bracket underneath the
cover.
3. Carefully place the complete assembly on top of the black optics cover.
4. Pull out the deuterium lamp plug from the socket in the lamp
compartment.
Do not pull on the deuterium lamp leads.
6. Slacken the thumbscrew on the bracket and remove the old lamp assembly.
Save the thumbscrew for use with the new lamp assembly.
0993-5256 5-11
System Maintenance
7. Unpack the new lamp assembly, taking care to hold it only by the metal mount
to prevent fingermarks on the lamp envelope.
8. Slip the slot at the base of the lamp mount over the stud on the lamp bracket
and secure the lamp assembly with the thumbscrew saved in step 6.
9. Wipe the lamp envelope with a soft cloth moistened with alcohol to remove
dirt, since this would otherwise be burned in when the lamp is hot.
10. Insert the deuterium lamp plug into the socket in the lamp compartment.
The plug is asymmetric and can only be inserted in one direction.
11. Reinstall the lamp assembly:
1. Carefully lower the deuterium lamp assembly into the lamp compartment
until the lamp cover fits in place.
2. Screw in the two captive screws on the lamp cover.
12. Close the top cover:
1. Swing down the cover to the closed position.
2. Screw in the two securing screws; one on the left and one on the right.
Since the deuterium lamp is fitted with as prealigned mount, you do not normally
need to align the lamp.
Note: Do not attempt to make adjustments to the lamp bracket assembly. If there
is indication that the alignment is not correct (e.g., low energy for the BG bar
graph in the Align Lamps or Continuous Graphics windows), please contact your
Perkin Elmer office.
5-12 0993-5256
Parts and Supplies 6
6Parts and Supplies
Contents page
Parts provided . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3

Replacement parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5
Obtaining supplies, replacement parts, and accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5
0993-5256 6-1
Parts and Supplies
6-2 0993-5256
Parts and Supplies
Parts provided
Perkin Elmer reserves the right to alter the schedule of parts provided without prior notice.
Qty. Item Part No.
1 AAnalyst 800 atomic absorption spectrometer. . . . . . . B312-0081

1 Read cable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B312-1302
3 Special line cords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B310-0003
1 pack Replacement air filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B050-2706
4 Plugs, for handle screw holes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B015-3803
1 pack Replacement fuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B312-1303
1 AS-800 furnace autosampler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B300-1500
1 Swing-arm mount for autosampler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B312-0923
Further parts provided with the furnace autosampler are listed
under ‘Parts and Supplies’ in the ‘Graphite Furnace User’s
Guide’.
1 Cooling system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B019-8072

1 Fuel hose assembly (red) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B015-4984
1 Air hose assembly (black) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B015-4987
1 Nitrous oxide hose assembly (blue) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B015-4990
10 m Special gas tube (FLEXO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B050-8264
1 Y-connector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0992-0179
1 Drain vessel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B312-1306
1 Sample tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B015-6272
5 Corkpreen gaskets for burner end cap . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0047-2014
1 O-ring for burner end cap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B015-8690
1 O-ring for the spray chamber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B004-7207
1 Burner head cleaning tool. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0303-1573
1 pack Graphite tubes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B300-0409
1 set Graphite contacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B300-0410
0993-5256 6-3
Parts and Supplies
Qty. Item Part No.

1 pack Cleaning swabs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B050-5368
1 Grips for graphite tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0990-7925
1 set Tools, for changing contacts and furnace windows . . . B019-3347
1 Instrument mirror . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B085-1900
1 Replacement O-ring, for front contact housing and
optical sensor in the rear contact housing . . . . . . . . . . . B013-2870
1 Documentation package B312-1326
6-4 0993-5256
Parts and Supplies
Replacement parts
Obtaining supplies, replacement parts, and accessories

Supplies, replacement parts, and accessories can be ordered directly from Perkin
Elmer, using the part numbers quoted in this guide.
Perkin Elmer’s catalog service offers a full selection of high-quality atomic
spectroscopy supplies through the Atomic Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog.
To place an order for supplies and many replacement parts, request a free catalog,
or ask for information:
– If you are located within the U.S., call toll free 1-800-762-4002, 8 a.m. to
8 p.m. EST. Your order will be shipped promptly, usually within 24 hours.
– If you are located outside of the U.S., call your local Perkin Elmer sales or
service office.
What is listed in this section

This section lists the most important replacement parts for your spectrometer
system. Parts listed under Parts provided are not repeated in this section.
Information about other parts and accessories for the system is given in the
current Perkin Elmer brochures and price lists.
Background corrector
Description Part No.
Deuterium lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B050-7404
0993-5256 6-5
Parts and Supplies
6-6 0993-5256
Laboratory Requirements 7
7Laboratory Requirements
Contents page
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3
Space requirements for the spectrometer system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4
Magnetic field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7
Electrical requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8
Environmental conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9
Fume ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10
Gas supply requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-11
Burner gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-12
Furnace gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-14
Cooling the spectrometer system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-15
Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-16
Computer and printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-16
0993-5256 7-1
Laboratory Requirements
7-2 0993-5256
Introduction
The AAnalyst 800 spectrometer has some special requirements that you must
consider when setting up the laboratory. The laboratory must fulfil these
requirements, described in this chapter, before you can operate the spectrometer
correctly.
Brochure no. L-301 – Preparing Your Laboratory for Perkin Elmer Atomic
Spectroscopy Instruments – also contains useful information. This brochure is
available from Perkin Elmer.
0993-5256 7-3
Space requirements for the spectrometer system
The illustrations on the following pages show the dimensions of the spectrometer
and the space that you require to accommodate the spectrometer, computer, and
ancillary equipment.
• Place the spectrometer on a sturdy bench or trolley capable of sustaining the
weight. A movable table is very convenient, but make sure that the wheels can
be securely locked.
• You should have sufficient room around the instruments to reach all the
connections on the rear and reach the electricity and gas supply points.
• The laboratory ventilation system needs space above the spectrometer.
Computer and printer

Place the computer near the spectrometer in a convenient position for working
with both instruments. A movable table, specially designed for a computer and
printer, may be most convenient.
The printer needs to be in a convenient place with enough room for the paper
supply to stand and feed smoothly into the printer.
Accessories
Make sure that there is sufficient room for any accessories near to the
spectrometer.
For example, we recommend that you place the (optional) FIAS flow injection
system on a movable table in front of the atomizer compartment to minimize the
length of the sample transfer tube. Make sure that the wheels of the table can be
securely locked.
7-4 0993-5256
Fume ventilation
Atomizer compartment door
Lamp compartment cover in open position
in open position
approx. 350 mm
865 mm
655 mm
565 mm
Cooling
system
375 mm
Figure 7-1. Space Requirements for the Spectrometer System (1)
0993-5256 7-5
1095 mm
660 mm
Atomizer
260 mm
Sample tray
330 mm Furnace
autosampler
Figure 7-2. Space Requirements for the Spectrometer System (2)
7-6 0993-5256
Magnetic field
Zeeman graphite furnace systems

The electromagnet generates a strong magnetic field inside the THGA furnace
during measurement cycles.
There is a weak, accessible, stray magnetic field around the graphite furnace. This
stray magnetic field can affect heart pacemakers and metallic implants up to
0.6 meter from the furnace in all directions. This stray field can also affect other
instruments, watches, and magnetic storage devices.
is operating.
Strong Magnetic Field

Safety distance of 0.6 meter
(24 inches) radius around the
furnace magnet for persons
wearing heart pacemakers
0993-5256 7-7
Electrical requirements
Two versions of the AAnalyst 800 AA spectrometer are available to suit different
line power supplies.
USA version – 240 V, 60 Hz

The line power cable has a L6-20P, NEMA-configuration twistlock connector
(3 wire – line, neutral, grounding), rated for 240 V/20 A, the cable is 3 meters
long.
General version – 230 V, 50 Hz

The line power cable has a 3-pole CENELEC connector (line + neutral +
protective earth) rated for 32 A. The cable is 3 meters long.
General requirements
The spectrometer requires a stable, 50 Hz or 60 Hz line power supply at the
correct voltage and current rating that has a correctly wired protective earthing
system (ground connection).
The line power supply should be free of line transients in excess of 50 V peak. If
the electrical supply voltage produces large AC line voltage fluctuations, a
qualified electrician should install a voltage regulator between the electrical outlet
and the instrument.
Power consumption during furnace operation is approximately 5000 VA, at an
isothermal furnace temperature of 2600 C.
The line power supply point must be within 3 meters of the rear of the
spectrometer.
We recommend that you connect the spectrometer, computer, printer, and any
accessories to the same phase of the line power supply and the same protective
earth.
The line power supply must conform with local safety regulations and be checked
by a qualified electrician before you connect the instrument to line power.
See the guides for the computer and printer and any other instruments for
information about their power requirements.
7-8 0993-5256
Environmental conditions
W1.3
General
The location you choose for the spectrometer must fulfil the criteria listed below:
• Indoors.
• Free of dust, smoke and corrosive fumes.
• The work surface must be level, flat, clean, dry, and free from vibration. It
should be strong and stiff enough to bear the weight of the spectrometer
system over a long period without warping or bending.
• Out of direct sunlight.
• Away from radiators and heaters.
• Near to the electricity and gas supply points.
• Near to a source of cooling water for the graphite furnace.
• Have a suitable fume ventilation system.
• Have sufficient room to work comfortably with the instruments, and allow
you to reach the connections at the rear of the instruments.
Temperature
• Between +15 °C and +35 °C.
Humidity
• Between 20% and 80% relative humidity (non-condensing).
0993-5256 7-9
Fume ventilation
You must provide an efficient fume ventilation system to remove the fumes
generated by the atomizer (flame, graphite furnace, or the QTA-cell of FIAS
systems).
The specification for a suitable system is described in brochure no.
L-301 – Preparing Your Laboratory for Perkin Elmer Atomic Spectroscopy
Instruments.
This brochure is available from Perkin Elmer.
Warning: Toxic Gases – Fume Ventilation System

Without adequate ventilation, potentially toxic vapors can build up in the
laboratory.
• Your laboratory must have a reliable fume ventilation system before you use
this instrument.
7-10 0993-5256
Gas supply requirements
The permanent installation of gas supplies is the responsibility of the user and
should conform to local safety and building regulations.
Perkin Elmer recommends that cylinders be stored outside the laboratory and that
gases be piped to the spectrometer system in approved gas lines.
• The user must provide the gas supplies, regulators, connectors, and valves.
A double-stage or heated regulator is recommended for nitrous oxide.
Either the gas supplier or Perkin Elmer can supply the correct regulators and
valves.
• You must be able to reach the on/off valves easily and see the pressure
indicators.
• Consult the chapter entitled ‘Safety Information’ for recommended safety
procedures.
Warning: Compressed Gases

High pressure gas cylinders can be dangerous if mishandled or misused.
• Always handle gas cylinders with caution and observe you local regulations
for the safe handling of gas cylinders.
0993-5256 7-11
Burner gases
Two types of flame are commonly used for atomic absorption analyses with flame
atomization: the air/acetylene flame and the nitrous oxide/acetylene flame. The
specifications and requirements for the burner gases are given below:
Table 7-1. Specifications and Requirements of the Burner Gases
Gas Purity Outlet Gauge Pressure
kPa bar psig
Acetylene 99.996%, atomic 90 100 0.9 1.0 13.0 14.5

(ethyne, C2H2) absorption grade in
acetone
Air oxygen ΟΜΒΞ=particle 450 500 4.5 5.0 65.0 72.5

free; water free
Nitrous oxide 99.996% 450 500 4.5 5.0 65.0 72.5

(dinitrogen monoxide, N2O)
value (Pmax).
• Always set the same outlet gauge pressure for air and nitrous oxide.
• Never set the outlet pressure to a value exceeding the maximum pressure
(Pmax ).
W5.7
Acetylene can decompose explosively at pressures higher than 103 kPa/
1.03 bar/15 psig.
• Always make sure that the acetylene outlet gauge pressure is below this
value.
7-12 0993-5256
Air supply
An air compressor is recommended for the air supply to the burner system.
Cylinders of compressed air should only be used as an emergency or short-term
solution. Since compressors are generally noisy, we recommend that you locate
the compressor outside the laboratory.
W5.9
Perkin Elmer burner systems are designed for use with compressed air. The use
of oxygen can cause an explosion in the burner system, and oxygen-enriched air
can cause a flashback of the flame.
• Never use oxygen or oxygen-enriched air with Perkin Elmer burner systems.
Use only compressed air.
0993-5256 7-13
Furnace gases
Inert gas
The graphite furnace requires a supply of inert gas to prevent the tube and the
analyte atoms from being oxidized when the tube is heated.
Argon is the recommended inert gas.
If you cannot obtain argon, you can use purified nitrogen, but nitrogen does not
provide such efficient protection as argon at temperatures above 2000 °C.
Nitrogen can also react with the samples and the graphite tube at typical
atomization temperatures.
W6.1
If you use nitrogen as the inert gas, toxic cyanogen gas (CN)2 will be produced
• Make sure that the main laboratory fume ventilation system removes all
gases and fumes emitted by the furnace.
Special gas
For some applications you may want to use a special gas. A typical example is the
use of air during one of the pyrolysis steps to better ash organic materials.
Table 7-2. Specifications and Requirements of the Furnace Gases
Max.
Gas Purity Outlet Gauge Pressure
Flowrate
kPa bar psig L/min
Pmin Pmax Pmin Pmax Pmin Pmax 1.2
Argon 99.996% 350 400 3.5 4.0 50.0 58.0 1.2
Nitrogen 99.996% 350 400 3.5 4.0 50.0 58.0 1.2
Special particle free; 350 400 3.5 4.0 50.0 58.0 1.2
water free
value (Pmax).
• Never set the outlet pressure to a value exceeding the maximum pressure
(Pmax).
7-14 0993-5256
Cooling the spectrometer system

Furnace cooling
The graphite furnace uses water cooling to allow the graphite tube to return to its
equilibrium temperature (approximately ambient) quickly between
measurements (see ‘Cooling the furnace’ in the ‘Graphite Furnace User’s
Guide’).
Spectrometer cooling
Cooling coils are incorporated in the spectrometer’s power supply to maintain the
electronic components at a comfortable working temperature.
Cooling system
Perkin Elmer offers a recirculating cooling system; it is included with certain
spectrometer systems and is offered as an option for others. It provides coolant at
a constant temperature and flow, to allow the most reproducible analytical
conditions. It also makes the system independent of external water supplies and
saves water (see ‘Cooling the furnace’ in the ‘Graphite Furnace User’s Guide’).
Power requirements: 230 V; 50/60 Hz (electrical power is supplied by the
spectrometer)
Part Number: B019-8072
0993-5256 7-15
Lamps
These are often called primary source lamps, atomic absorption source lamps,
spectroscopic lamps, or line sources.
You need to provide the lamps for your particular applications.
Brochure no. L-656 – Hollow Cathode Lamps and Electrodeless Discharge
Lamps for Atomic Absorption, contains descriptions of all the lamps that are
available.
Computer and printer
Perkin Elmer offers a suitable computer for controlling the spectrometer and a
suitable printer. Contact your local Perkin Elmer office for more information.
If you are not using the computer offered with the spectrometer by Perkin Elmer,
or an identical model with the correct specification, Perkin Elmer cannot accept
responsibility for incorrect functioning of the spectrometer system.
7-16 0993-5256
Spectrometer:
System Description 8
8Spectrometer: System Description
Contents page
The AAnalyst 800 Spectrometer System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3

The optical system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-6
The gas and cooling connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-8
The electrical connectors and switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-10
Technical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-13
0993-5256 8-1
Spectrometer System Description
8-2 0993-5256
The AAnalyst 800 Spectrometer System
Concept
The AAnalyst 800 spectrometer from Perkin Elmer is a compact, high
performance atomic absorption spectrometer incorporating a burner system for
flame atomization and a graphite furnace for electrothermal atomization. The
spectrometer is capable of fully automatic single-element analyses. The complete
system is operated from the associated computer using the AA WinLab software.
Features of the AAnalyst 800 System

• Two fully integrated atomizers: a burner system for flame atomization and a
graphite furnace for electrothermal atomization. Atomizer changeover is
automatic at the click of a mouse button.
• Transversely-heated graphite furnace featuring full Stabilized Temperature
Platform Furnace (STPF) technology.
• Longitudinal Zeeman-effect background correction for electrothermal
atomization.
• Deuterium background correction for flame atomization.
• Automated self-optimization of the burner system.
• High capacity furnace autosampler.
• Easy-to-use AA WinLab software with which you control the spectrometer
system. AA WinLab also incorporates a range of powerful quality control
functions.
0993-5256 8-3
System components
The AAnalyst 800 is a compact benchtop spectrometer. The major components of
the system are:
• The spectrometer, containing the optical system, the electronics, and the
atomizer compartment.
• The burner system, mounted on a carriage that can be driven into and out of
the atomizer compartment by software command (see ‘Burner system design’
in the ‘Burner System User’s Guide’ for more information).
• The graphite furnace, mounted on a carriage that can be driven into and out of
the atomizer compartment by software command (see ‘Furnace design’ in the
‘Graphite Furnace User’s Guide’ for more information).
• The furnace autosampler, mounted on a swing arm in front of the atomizer
compartment (see ‘Autosampler design’ in the ‘Graphite Furnace User’s
Guide’ for more information).
• The furnace cooling system (see ‘Cooling the furnace’ in the ‘Graphite
Furnace User’s Guide’ for more information).
• The computer and the associated AA WinLab software.
• The printer; this is optional but strongly recommended.
8-4 0993-5256
System control
To control the spectrometer and perform your analyses, you use the AA WinLab
application program, which runs under the Microsoft Windows 95 operating
system. The computer keyboard, the screen, and the mouse form the user
interface.
When you switch on the spectrometer system it performs an initialization
procedure to check the instrument. While the spectrometer is operating, the
control system continually monitors many instrument functions. It generates
appropriate messages when a problem occurs and prevents potentially hazardous
situations from arising.
You can obtain more information about the application program in the AA
WinLab online help.
Accessories
Perkin Elmer offers autosamplers for operation with the burner system, flow
injection systems, diluters, and much more. Please contact your local Perkin
Elmer office to obtain more information.
0993-5256 8-5
The optical system

The AAnalyst 800 uses a double-beam optical system. Front-surfaced, reflecting
optical components are used throughout. The mirror surfaces are coated with
silica for durability.
The lamp compartment has positions for up to eight spectral sources. The
radiation from the requested source lamp is reflected by a movable mirror into the
optical path.
For flame atomization a beam splitter splits the radiation into a sample beam and
a reference beam. The sample beam passes through the atomizer while the
reference beam passes around the atomizer and is conducted by a fiber optic. The
sample and reference beams are measured simultaneously.
For electrothermal atomization the beam splitter is moved out of the optical path
and a single-path optical configuration is used. Due to the Zeeman principle, the
double-beam function is retained.
The Littrow-configuration monochromator has a large area reflecting grating
blazed at two wavelengths; 236 nm for operation in the UV spectral range and
597 nm for operation in the visible spectral range. The monochromator offers a
choice of three spectral slit widths. Two slit heights are available for each slit
width. The high slits are used with the flame technique while the low slits are used
with the graphite furnace technique. The detector is a segmented array of discrete
photodiodes.
For continuum source background correction with the flame technique, the
radiation from the deuterium lamp is merged with the source radiation at the beam
splitter.
The inverse longitudinal Zeeman effect is used for background correction with
the graphite furnace technique. This system of background correction is described
in the ‘Graphite Furnace User’s Guide’.
8-6 0993-5256
Deuterium
lamp
Collimating
mirror Slits Detector
Movable
mirror
Reference
beam
Grating
Beam
splitter
Fiber optic
Lamp holder Atomizer Sample

with positions for beam
up to 8 source
lamps
Figure 8-1. Optical System
0993-5256 8-7
The gas and cooling connectors
Item Designation Function
Furnace Cooling
1 In Fitting for connection of the cooling water inlet hose
to the spectrometer.
2 Out Fitting for connection of the cooling water outlet hose
from the spectrometer.
Furnace Gases
3 Ar/N2 Connector for the connection of the normal gas supply
Normal Gas to the furnace (argon or nitrogen).
4 Special Gas Connector for the connection of the special gas supply
to the furnace. If you are not using a special gas, you
must also connect the normal gas to this connector.
Burner Gases
5 Air/Luft Fitting for connection of the air supply to the
spectrometer. The air supply is required for the burner
and also for the pneumatic system in the spectrometer.
6 N2O Fitting for connection of the nitrous oxide supply to
the burner.
7 C2H2 Fitting for connection of the acetylene supply to the
burner.
8-8 0993-5256

Gaz du Four
Ofengase
Pm in
P m a x
230 V 230 V 230 V 350 400 kPa

50/60 Hz 50/60 Hz 50/60 Hz 3.5 4.0 bar
Ar / N2
50.0 58.0 psig
F1 F2 F3 F4 Normalgas Spezialgas
4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T)
230 V
50/60 Hz
Cooling System
Burner Gases
Um laufkühlung
Gaz du Bruleur
Brennergase
P m in
P m
P
a x m in
P m a x
Pm in
P m a x
450 500 kPa 450 500 kPa 90 100 kPa

I 4.5
65.0
5.0 bar 4.5
72.5 psig 65.0
5.0 bar
72.5 psig
0.9
13.0
1.0 bar
14.5 psig
0
Air / Luft NO2
CH2 2
In Out
Entrée Sortie
Eingang Ausgang
HO
2
P Pm a x
350 400 kPa

Furnace Cooling
3.5 4.0 bar
Ofenkühlung
Furnace Gases
Gaz du Four
Ofengase
P m in
P m a x
350 400 kPa

3.5 4.0 bar
Ar / N
2
50.0 58.0 psig
Gaz Normal Gaz Spécial
Normalgas Spezialgas
3 4
1 2 Burner Gases
Gaz du Bruleur
Brennergase
In Out P m in
P m
P a x m in
P m a x
Pm in
P m a x
Entrée Sortie 450 500 kPa 450 500 kPa 90 100 kPa
Eingang Ausgang 4.5 5.0 bar 4.5 5.0 bar 0.9 1.0 bar
65.0 72.5 psig 65.0 72.5 psig 13.0 14.5 psig
Air / Luft NO2

CH
2 2
HO2
P Pm a x
350 400 kPa

Furnace Cooling 3.5 4.0 bar
Ofenkühlung
5 6 7
Figure 8-2. Gas and Cooling Connectors on the Rear Panel
0993-5256 8-9
The electrical connectors and switches
Connectors and controls on the rear panel
Item Designation Function
1 Communication Socket for the communication cable connecting the

spectrometer to the computer.
2 Instrument Socket for a read cable to an external instrument to
activate a read cycle.
3 Cooling System Power outlet for the cooling system. Connect the
~230 V 50/60 Hz cooling system to this socket.
Do not connect other equipment to this power outlet.
4
Power outlet for a printer.
~230 V 50/60 Hz
5
Power outlet for a computer.
~230 V 50/60 Hz
6
Power outlet for a monitor.
~230 V 50/60 Hz
7 Circuit breaker. An automatic switch that prevents the

system from drawing too much current. It can also be
used to isolate the spectrometer system from the line
power supply.
8 ––– Captive line power cord for the complete system.
9 F1 Fuse for the cooling system power outlet; 4 A slow-
blow (T).
10 F2 Fuse for the printer power outlet; 4 A slow-blow (T).
11 F3 Fuse for the computer power outlet; 4 A slow-blow

(T).
12 F4 Fuse for the monitor power outlet; 4 A slow-blow (T).
8-10 0993-5256

Gaz du Four
Ofengase
Pm in
P m a x
230 V 230 V 230 V 350 400 kPa

50/60 Hz 50/60 Hz 50/60 Hz 3.5 4.0 bar
Ar / N2
50.0 58.0 psig
F1 F2 F3 F4 Normalgas Spezialgas
4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T)
230 V
50/60 Hz
Cooling System
Um laufkühlung
Burner Gases
Gaz du Bruleur
Brennergase
P m in
P m
P
a x m in
P m a x
Pm in
P m a x
450 500 kPa 450 500 kPa 90 100 kPa

I 4.5
65.0
5.0 bar 4.5
72.5 psig 65.0
5.0 bar
72.5 psig
0.9
13.0
1.0 bar
14.5 psig
0
Air / Luft NO2
CH
2 2
In Out
Entrée Sortie
Eingang Ausgang
HO
2
P Pm a x
350 400 kPa

Furnace Cooling
3.5 4.0 bar
Ofenkühlung
2
230 V 230 V 230 V
50/60 Hz 50/60 Hz 50/60 Hz
F1 F2 F3 F4
3 4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T) 4 A (T)
230 V
50/60 Hz
Cooling System
Umlaufkühlung 4 5 6
9 10 11 12
I
0
7 8
Figure 8-3. Electrical Connectors and Switches on the Rear Panel
0993-5256 8-11
Switches and ports on the front panel
Operational Accessory
on/off switch ports
Figure 8-4. Switches and Ports on the Front Panel
Operational on/off switches
Spectrometer
You normally switch the system on and off with the operational on/off switch on
the front panel of the spectrometer.
Cooling system
The cooling system requires a 230 V line power supply, Cooling System
which is supplied and controlled from the spectrometer. A
special line power cord is provided for this purpose. Do not On/off switch
connect the cooling system to an external power source.
You can leave the on/off switch on the cooling system in the
‘on’ position since the system is controlled from the
spectrometer.
Accessory ports
Three accessory ports are located on the front panel of the
spectrometer behind slide-up covers. You use these ports to
connect certain accessories to the spectrometer, such as the
furnace autosampler or a diluter.
The ports provide the electrical supply and control signals
for operation of the accessories.
8-12 0993-5256
Technical data
Principle Atomic absorption spectrometer.

Computer controlled, using a special application program running under a
graphical user interface.
Real-time double-beam, all-reflecting optical system (single-path for
furnace operation).
Front-surfaced optics protected by a silica coating.
AC modulated spectral line sources.
Monochromator Littrow configuration grating monochromator.
Grating:
ruled area: 64 mm x 72 mm, 1800 lines/mm
blaze wavelengths: 236 nm and 597 nm
Focal length: 267 mm
Slit widths 0.2, 0.7 and 2.0 nm
Wavelength range: 190–870 nm
Reciprocal linear
dispersion: 1.6 nm/mm (nominal)
Detector Segmented discrete solid-state detector with CMOS charge amplifier
array; software-controlled automatic gain control (AGC).
Lamps Line radiation sources. Positions for up to 8 lamps in lamp compartment.
Single- and multi-element hollow cathode lamps (HCLs) and up to 4
electrodeless discharge lamps (EDLs) can be used.
Background Continuum source (deuterium lamp) for the flame technique.
correction Inverse longitudinal Zeeman effect for the graphite furnace technique.
Atomizers Flame atomization: Premix burner system with pneumatic nebulizer and
interchangeable burner heads; automatic changeover between air/acetylene
and nitrous oxide/acetylene flames.
Electrothermal atomization: Transversely-heated graphite furnace
incorporating an electromagnet for longitudinal Zeeman-effect
background correction.
0993-5256 8-13
Signal handling Time average, peak average,

peak height, peak area.
Measurement ranges:
absorbance: –0.5 to 2.000
concentration: 0.00001 to 9999 concentration units
expansion factor: 0.01 to 100
read time: 1 to 60 s
read delay: 0 to 60 s
Calibration Automatic zeroing, resloping, and recalibration.
Calibration/recalibration using up to 15 calibration solutions (‘standards’).
Calibration coefficients determined by a least squares procedure.
Analytical curve technique:
• Linear with zero or non-zero intercept.
• Non-linear, 2-coefficient, or 3-coefficient, zero or non-zero intercept.
Analyte addition technique:
• Zero or non-zero intercept.
• Additions calibrate (zero intercept).
Computer PC with Intel Pentium processor, 16 MB RAM, CD-ROM drive.
(minimum Hard disk space: 30 MB minimum free for AA WinLab, Database and
requirement) GPIB software, additional space required for storing results and methods.
Microsoft Windows 95 operating system.
Perkin Elmer offers a suitable PC for controlling the spectrometer system.
Application Special application program: AA WinLab.
program Online help function.
Hard disk or floppy storage of measurement data, signals, and completed
analytical methods.
Special Reporter, Reformatter, and Library Manager applications for
generating data reports and reformatting data for export to other data
handling programs.
Graphics High resolution display of the signals.
Simultaneous display of the corrected analyte signal and the background
signal.
Calibration curve display.
Storage and recall of transient absorbance signals.
Hard copy printout of screen graphics on an associated printer.
Power 230 V single-phase, 50 Hz, power consumption 5000 VA,
requirements -or-
240 V single-phase, 60 Hz, power consumption 5000 VA
8-14 0993-5256
Electrical As defined in EN 61010-1-1993 (IEC 1010-1):

protection Insulation: Class I
Insulation category (overvoltage category): II
Pollution degree: 2
Safety standards As defined in EN 61010-1-1993 (IEC 1010-1: 1990 + A1 + A2) and
EN 61010-2-061:1996.
Compliant to the requirements of Canadian Standards Association (CSA)
standards CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 1010.1-92, Amendment 1 (1992), 2
(1995), and CAN/CSA 61010-2-061 (1995); File No. LR 45111.
Compliant to UL 3101-1 1993 and UL 3111-1 1994.
Certificate of Approval and GS mark from the LGA Bavaria, FRG,
Institute of Equipment Safety Testing and Certification.
EMC standards As defined in EN 61326-1:1997.
Environmental Ambient temperature: +15 °C to +35 °C,
requirements 20–80% relative humidity; non-condensing
Dimensions Width: 1095 mm with handles: 1220 mm
Height: 655 mm with door open: 865 mm
Depth: 700 mm with handles: 770 mm
with autosampler: 1040 mm
Mass 187 kg
(weight) Spectrometer alone, not including the computer, autosampler, and cooling
system.
0993-5256 8-15
8-16 0993-5256
Translations
Contents page
Symbols used on the instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T-3

Warning messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T-11
0993-5256 T-1
Translations
T-2 0993-5256
Translations
Symbols used on the instrument

Any of the following symbols can be used on the instrument:
dansk De markeringer, som benyttes på dette apparat
Enhver af de følgende markeringer kan benyttes på apparatet:
Deutsch Symbole am Gerät
Eines der folgenden Symbole kann sich am Gerät befinden:
español Pictogramas usadps en el equipo
Usted puede aplicar al equipo cualquiera de los siguientes pictogramas:
français Symboles utilisés sur l'instrument
Tous les symboles suivants peuvent être utilisés sur l'instrument :
italiano Contrassegni utilizzati sullo strumento
Qualsiasi dei seguenti contrassegni può essere utilizzato sullo strumento:
Nederlands Markeringen op het Instrument
De volgende markingen kunnen op het instrument gebruikt worden:
português Marcações usadas no aparelho
Qualquer uma das marcações seguintes podem ser usadas no aparelho:
suomea Laitteessa käytetyt merkit
Laitteessa voidaan käyttää seuraavia merkkejä:
svenska Apparatens symboler
Följande symboler kan finnas på apparaten:
0993-5256 T-3
Translations
This symbol indicates that there is a potential hazard and that the user must look in the
guide for an explanation of the hazard and how to avoid it.
dansk Dette symbol angiver, at der foreligger en mulig fare, og at brugeren skal se i håndbogen
efter en forklaring på faren, og hvordan faren kan undgås.
Deutsch Dieses Symbol bedeutet, daß hier eine mögliche Gefahr besteht und der Benutzer im
Handbuch nachschlagen muß, um eine Beschreibung der Gefahr und deren Vermeidung
zu erhalten.
español Este símbolo indica que existe un peligro potencial y que el usuario tiene que consultar
el manual para hallar una explicación del peligro y de los modos de evitarlo.
français Ce symbole indique un danger potentiel et invite l'usager à consulter le manuel
d'utilisation pour obtenir un exposé de ce danger et les moyens de l'éviter.
italiano Questo simbolo indica un pericolo potenziale e che l'operatore deve consultare il manuale
per eventuali spiegazioni riguardo ad eventuali pericoli e su come evitarli.
Nederlands Dit symbool geeft aan dat er gevaar bestaat en dat de gebruiker in het handboek de uitleg
daarvan dient na te kijken en hoe het vermeden kan worden.
português Este símbolo indica que existe um perigo potencial e que o utilizador deve consultar o
manual para obter uma explicação sobre o perigo e saber como o pode evitar.
suomea Tämä symboli merkitsee, että on olemassa potentiaalinen vaara ja että käyttäjän täytyy
katsoa käsikirjasta vaaran selitystä ja kuinka se vältetään.
svenska Symbolen innebär möjlig fara. Användaren skall se i användarhandboken för att få
förklaringar och anvisningar om hur faran skall undvikas.
T-4 0993-5256
Translations
This symbol indicates the risk of electric shock.
dansk Dette symbol angiver risikoen for elektrisk stød.

Deutsch Dieses Symbol warnt vor Gefahr durch elektrischen Strom.
español Este símbolo indica la existencia de riesgo de electrocución.
français Ce symbole indique un risque d'électrocution.
italiano Questo simbolo indica il pericolo di folgorazione.
Nederlands Dit symbool geeft aan dat er gevaar voor een electrische schok bestaat.
português Este símbolo indica o perigo de choques eléctricos.
suomea Tämä symboli varoittaa sähköiskun vaarasta.
svenska Symbolen innebär fara för elektriska stötar.
This symbol indicates the risk of hot surfaces.
dansk Dette symbol angiver risikoen for varme overflader.

Deutsch Dieses Symbol warnt vor Gefahr durch heiße Oberfläche.
español Este símbolo indica peligro de tocar superficies candentes.
français Ce symbole indique un risque de surfaces chaudes.
italiano Questo simbolo indica il pericolo di superfici molto calde.
Nederlands Dit symbool geeft aan dat er gevaar voor hete oppervlaktes bestaat.
português Este símbolo indica o perigo de superfícies quentes.
suomea Tämä symboli varoittaa kuumista pinnoista.
svenska Symbolen innebär fara för heta ytor.
0993-5256 T-5
Translations
This symbol indicates the off position of the main power switch or circuit breaker. With
the switch in this position, the instrument is disconnected entirely from the line power
supply.
dansk Dette symbol angiver hovedafbryderen eller kredsløbsafbryderens slukket-position. Når
afbryderen står i denne position, er apparatet fuldstændigt skilt fra strømtilførslen.
Deutsch Dieses Symbol zeigt die Stellung Aus des Netzschalters oder Leistungsschalters.
Wenn der Schalter auf dieser Position steht, ist das Gerät vollständig vom Netzstrom
getrennt.
español Este símbolo indica que el interruptor principal de la red o del cortacircuitos está
desconectado. Cuando el interruptor se encuentra en esta posición, el equipo está
desconectado por completo de la toma de corriente.
français Ce symbole indique que l'interrupteur ou le coupe-circuit principal est en position ‘arrêt’.
Quand l'interrupteur est dans cette position, l'instrument est complètement déconnecté de
l'alimentation secteur.
italiano Questo simbolo indica la posizione di spento dell'interruttore principale di alimentazione
o il separatore di circuito. Se l'interruttore si trova in questa posizione lo strumento è
scollegato completamente dall'alimentazione elettrica.
Nederlands Dit symbool geeft aan dat de hoofdkrachtschakelaar of stroombreker uitstaat. Met de
schakelaar in deze stand is het instrument geheel afgesloten van de lijnvoeding.
português Este símbolo indica a posição desligada do interruptor principal de corrente ou do
disjuntor. Estando o interruptor nesta posição, o aparelho é desligado totalmente da rede
de fornecimento de corrente.
suomea Tämä symboli ilmoittaa, että pääkytkin tai katkaisija on pois päältä. Kun kytkin on tässä
asennossa, laite on erotettu kokonaan verkkovirrasta.
svenska Symbolen visar att huvudströmbrytaren eller strömkretsbrytaren står i från-läge. När
brytaren står i detta läge är apparaten helt frånkopplad från nätet.
T-6 0993-5256
Translations
This symbol indicates the on position of the main power switch or circuit breaker. With the
switch in this position, the instrument is connected to the line power supply but is not
necessarily switched on and operational.
dansk Dette symbol angiver hovedafbryderen eller kredsløbsafbryderens tændt-position. Når
afbryderen står i denne position, er apparatet forbundet med strømtilførslen, men ikke
nødvendigvis tændt og driftsklart.
Deutsch Dieses Symbol zeigt die Stellung Ein des Netzschalters oder Leistungsschalters.
Wenn der Schalter auf dieser Position steht, wird das Gerät mit Netzstrom versorgt, muß
jedoch nicht notwendigerweise eingeschaltet und betriebsbereit sein.
español Este símbolo indica que el interruptor principal de la red o del cortacircuitos está conectado.
Cuando el interruptor se encuentra en esta posición, el equipo está conectado a la red
eléctrica, pero no está necesariamente encendido o en estado operacional.
français Ce symbole indique que l'interrupteur ou le coupe-circuit principal est en position ‘marche’.
Quand l'interrupteur est dans cette position, l'instrument est connecté à l'alimentation secteur,
mais n'est pas nécessairement en circuit et opérationnel.
italiano Questo simbolo indica la posizione di acceso dell'interruttore principale di alimentazione o il
separatore di circuito. Se l'interruttore si trova in questa posizione lo strumento è collegato
all'alimentazione elettrica ma non è necessariamente attivo e operativo.
Nederlands Dit symbool geeft aan dat de hoofdkrachtschakelaar of stroombreker aanstaat. Met de
schakelaar in deze stand is het instrument aangesloten aan de lijnvoeding maar behoeft niet
aan te staan en in werking te zijn.
português Este símbolo indica a posição ligada do interruptor principal de corrente ou do disjuntor.
Estando o interruptor nesta posição, o aparelho está ligado à rede de fornecimento de corrente,
o que não significa necessariamente que também esteja activado e operacional.
suomea Tämä symboli ilmoittaa, että pääkytkin tai katkaisija on päälle kytketty. Kun kytkin on tässä
asennossa, laite on liitettynä verkkovirtaan, mutta sitä ei ole välttämättä kytketty päälle eikä
se ole välttämättä käyttövalmis.
svenska Symbolen visar att huvudströmbrytaren eller strömkretsbrytaren står i till-läge. När brytaren
står i detta läge är apparaten ansluten till nätet men inte nödvändigtvis tillslagen och driftklar.
0993-5256 T-7
Translations
This symbol indicates the operational on/off switch.
dansk Dette symbol angiver betjenings-tændt/sluk-kontakt.

Deutsch Dieses Symbol kennzeichnet den Bereitschaftsschalter.
español Este símbolo indica el interruptor operacional con./desc.
français Ce symbole représente l'interrupteur d'arrêt/marche.
italiano Questo simbolo indica l'interruttore acceso/spento opzionale.
Nederlands Dit symbool geeft de aan/uit schakelaar aan.
português Este símbolo indica o interruptor de ligar/desligar o funcionamento.
suomea Tämä symboli tarkoittaa päälle/pois -käyttökytkintä.
svenska Symbolen visar apparatens till/från-knapp.
This symbol indicates alternating current.

dansk Dette symbol angiver vekselstrøm.
Deutsch Dieses Symbol kennzeichnet Wechselstrom.
español Este símbolo indica la existencia de corriente alterna.
français Ce symbole représente le courant alternatif.
italiano Questo simbolo indica corrente alternata.
Nederlands Dit symbool geeft wisselstroom aan.
português Este símbolo indica corrente alterna.
suomea Tämä symboli merkitsee vaihtovirtaa.
svenska Symbolen indikerar växelström.
T-8 0993-5256
Translations
This symbol indicates that there is a potential hazard due to a strong magnetic field and
that persons wearing heart pacemakers or other metallic implants should remain at least
0.6 m away from the furnace.
dansk Stærkt magnetfelt: Personer med hjerte-pacemaker eller andre metalliske implantater
skal overholde en afstand på mindst 0.6 meter fra ovnen.
Deutsch Magnetfeld: Herzschrittmacherträger und Personen mit Metall-Implantaten müssen zum
Magneten einen Sicherheitsabstand von mindestens 0,6 m um den Magneten einhalten.
español Campo magnético intenso: Las personas que tengan marcapasos o prótesis metálicas
deben mantener una distancia mínima de 0,6 m del horno.
français Champ magnétique intense: Tout personne ayant un stimulateur cardiaque ou des
implants métalliques doit rester éloignée d'au moins 0,6 m du four.
italiano Forte campo magnetico: Chiunque dovesse essere portatore di peacemaker o di
implantati metallici deve soffermarsi ad una distanza minima do 0,6 metri dal forno.
Nederlands Sterke magnetisch velden: Dragers van een pacemaker of metalen implantaten mogen
niet binnen een straal van minimaal 0.6 meter bij de oven komen.
português Forte campo magnético: Portadores de marca-passo ou pessoas com implantes metálicos
devem manter uma distância mínima de 0,6 metros do forno.
suomea Voimakas magneettikenttä: Kaikkien henkilöiden, joilla on sydämentahdistin tai muita
metallisia istutteita, tulee pysyä vähintään 0.6 metrin päässä uunista – joka suuntaan –
uunin ollessa käynnissä.
svenska Starka magnetfält: Personer med pacemaker eller metallimplantat skall hålla ett avstånd
på minst 0,6 meter till ugnen.
0993-5256 T-9
Translations
T-10 0993-5256
Translations
Warning messages
This section contains translations of the warnings used in this guide.
dansk Oversættelser af advarsler
Denne del indeholder oversættelserne af de advarsler, som er indeholdt i denne håndbog.
Deutsch Übersetzungen der Warnungen
Dieser Abschnitt enthält die Übersetzungen der in diesem Handbuch verwendeten
Warnungen.
español Traducciones de las advertencias
Esta sección contiene traducciones de las advertencias utilizadas en el presente manual.
italiano Traduzione dei simboli di avvertenza
La presente sezione contiene la traduzione dei simboli di avvertenza utilizzati nel
presente manuale.
Nederlands Vertalingen van de Waarschuwingen
Dit gedeelte bevat vertalingen van de waarschuwingen gebruikt in dit handboek.
português Traduções de avisos
Esta secção contém traduções dos avisos usados no manual.
suomea Varoitusten käännökset
Tämä osa sisältää tässä käsikirjassa käytettyjen varoitusten käännökset.
svenska Översättning av varningstexter
Detta avsnitt innehåller översättningar av de varningstexter som används i handboken.
0993-5256 T-11
Translations
This symbol alerts you to situations that could result in personal injury to yourself or other
persons.
dansk Dette symbol gør Dem opmærksom på situationer, som kan medføre kvæstelser af Dem
selv eller andre personer.
Detaljer vedrørende disse omstændigheder er indrammet på tilsvarende måde som
denne henvisning.
Deutsch Dieses Symbol warnt vor Situationen, in denen Sie oder andere Personen verletzt
werden können.
Einzelheiten darüber sind in einem Rahmen wie diesem angegeben.
español Este símbolo le advierte de situaciones que pueden provocar lesiones corporales a
usted o a otras personas.
En los recuadros como éste se proporciona información sobre este tipo de
circunstancias.
français Ce symbole vous signale des situations pouvant occasionner des dommages corporels
à l'utilisateur ou à d'autres personnes.
Les détails sur ces circonstances sont données dans un encadré semblable à celui-ci.
italiano Questo simbolo segnala situazioni che possono generare incidenti a voi stessi o ad
altre persone.
Troverete informazioni su tali circostanze in un riquadro come questo.
Nederlands Dit symbool maakt U attent op situaties die tot verwondingen voor Uzelf of anderen
kunnen leiden.
Bijzonderheden over deze omstandigheden staan in een kader zoals dit.
português Este símbolo alerta para situações que poderão causar um ferimento ao usuário.
Detalhes referentes a estas circunstâncias encontram-se referidos numa caixa como
esta.
suomea Tämä symboli haluaa kiinnittää huomiotasi tilanteisiin, joiden seurauksena voi olla itsesi
tai muiden henkilöiden loukkaantuminen.
Yksityiskohtaisia tietoja tällaisista tapauksista on tämäntapaisessa ruudussa.
svenska Denna symbol används för situationer där det finns risk för personskador om
användaren inte följer anvisningarna.
Detaljerad information ges i en ruta som denna.
T-12 0993-5256
Translations
This symbol alerts you to the risk of electric shock that could result in personal injury
to yourself or other persons.
dansk Dette symbol gør Dem opmærksom på risikoen for elektrisk stød, som kan medføre
kvæstelser af Dem selv eller andre personer.
denne henvisning.
Deutsch Dieses Symbol warnt vor Gefahr durch elektrischen Stromschlag, durch den Sie oder
andere Personen verletzt werden können.
español Este símbolo le advierte del peligro de descarga eléctrica que puede provocar lesiones
corporales a usted o a otras personas. En los recuadros como éste se proporciona
información sobre este tipo de circunstancias.
français Ce symbole vous avertit d'un risque d'électrocution pouvant occasionner des
dommages corporels à l'utilisateur ou à d'autres personnes.
italiano Questo simbolo vi mette in guardia da folgorazione che può causare incidenti a voi
stessi o ad altre persone.
Nederlands Dit symbool maakt U attent op het risico van electrische schokken die tot
verwondingen voor Uzelf of anderen kan leiden.
português Este símbolo alerta para um risco de um choque eléctrico que poderá causar um
ferimento ao usuário.
esta.
suomea Tämä symboli haluaa kiinnittää huomiotasi sähköiskun vaaraan , jonka
seurauksena voi olla itsesi tai muiden henkilöiden loukkaantuminen.
svenska Denna symbol används för situationer där det finns risk för elektriska stötar som kan ge
personskador om användaren inte följer anvisningarna.
0993-5256 T-13
Translations
This symbol alerts you to the risk of hot surfaces that could cause personal injury to
yourself or other persons.
dansk Dette symbol gør Dem opmærksom på risikoen for varme overflader, som kan medføre
kvæstelser af Dem selv eller andre personer.
denne henvisning.
Deutsch Dieses Symbol warnt vor Gefahr durch heiße Oberflächen, durch die Sie oder andere
Personen verletzt werden können.
español Este símbolo le advierte del peligro de que las superficies candentes provoquen
quemaduras a usted o a otras personas.
circunstancias.
français Ce symbole vous avertit d'un risque de surfaces chaudes pouvant occasionner des
dommages corporels à l'utilisateur ou à d'autres personnes.
italiano Questo simbolo vi mette in guardia da superfici molto calde che possono causare
incidenti a voi stessi o ad altre persone.
Nederlands Dit symbool maakt U attent op het risico van hete oppervlaktes dat tot verwondingen
voor Uzelf of anderen kunnen leiden.
português Este símbolo alerta para um risco de superfícies quentes que poderão causar um
ferimento ao usuário.
esta.
suomea Tämä symboli haluaa kiinnittää huomiotasi kuumiin pintoihin, joiden seurauksena voi
olla itsesi tai muiden henkilöiden loukkaantuminen.
svenska Denna symbol används för situationer där det finns risk för varma ytor som kan ge
personskador om användaren inte följer anvisningarna.
T-14 0993-5256
Translations
This symbol alerts you to the risk of ultraviolet radiation that could cause eye damage
to yourself or other persons.
dansk Dette symbol gør Dem opmærksom på risikoen for ultraviolet stråling, som kan medføre
ødelæggelse af øjnene for Dem selv eller andre personer.
denne henvisning.
Deutsch Dieses Symbol warnt vor Gefahr durch UV-Strahlung, die bei Ihnen oder anderen
Personen zu Augenverletzungen führen können.
español Este símbolo le advierte del peligro de que usted u otras personas sufran lesiones en
los ojos a consecuencia de la radiación ultravioleta.
circunstancias.
français Ce symbole vous avertit d'un risque de rayonnement ultraviolet pouvant occasionner
des lésions oculaires à l'utilisateur ou à d'autres personnes.
italiano Questo simbolo vi mette in guardia da radiazione ultravioletta che può causare lesioni
agli occhi a voi stessi o ad altre persone.
Nederlands Dit symbool maakt U attent op het risico van ultraviolette straling dat tot verwondingen
voor Uzelf of anderen kan leiden.
português Este símbolo alerta para um risco de radiação ultravioleta que poderá causar
ferimentos aos olhos do usuário.
esta.
suomea Tämä symboli haluaa kiinnittää huomiotasi ultraviolettisäteilyn vaaraan, jonka
seurauksena voi olla silmävammat itsellesi tai muille henkilöille.
svenska Denna symbol används för situationer där det finns risk för ultraviolett strålning som kan
ge ögonskador om användaren inte följer anvisningarna.
0993-5256 T-15
Translations
Caution:
The term CAUTION alerts you to situations that could result in serious damage to the
instrument or other equipment.
Details about these circumstances are described in a message similar to this one.
dansk Bemærk:
Angivelsen CAUTION (BEMÆRK) gør Dem opmærksom på situationer, som kan
medføre alvorlig ødelæggelse af apparatet eller andet udstyr.
Detaljer vedrørende disse omstændigheder er beskrevet i henvisninger svarende til
denne.
Deutsch Achtung:
Der Ausdruck CAUTION (ACHTUNG) warnt vor Situationen, die eine ernste
Beschädigung des Geräts oder anderer Systemteile zur Folge haben können.
Einzelheiten darüber sind auf die gleiche Weise wie dieser Text hervorgehoben.
español Advertencia:
El término CAUTION (ADVERTENCIA) le previene de situacones que pueden provocar
averías graves en éste u otros equipos.
circunstancias.
français Attention:
Le terme CAUTION (ATTENTION) vous signale des situations susceptibles de provoquer
de graves détériorations de l'instrument ou d'autre matériel.
Les détails sur ces circonstances figurent dans un message semblable à celui-ci.
T-16 0993-5256
Translations
=Caution (continued)
italiano Attenzione:
Con il termine CAUTION (ATTENZIONE) vi si mette in guardia da situazioni che possono
comportare il serio danneggiamento della strumentazione o di altre apparecchiature.
Nederlands Let op:
De term CAUTION (LET OP) maakt U attent op situaties die tot ernstige
beschadigingen aan het instrument of andere apparaten kunnen leiden.
Bijzonderheden over deze omstandigheden worden beschreven in een mededeling gelijk
aan.
português Atenção:
O termo CAUTION (ATENÇÃO) alerta para situações que poderão causar danificação
do aparelho.
esta.
suomea Huomio:
CAUTION (HUOMIO) haluaa kiinnittää huomiotasi tilanteisiin, joiden seurauksena voi olla
laitteen tai muiden varusteiden vakava vaurioituminen.
Tällaiset tapaukset selostetaan yksityiskohtaisesti tämäntapaisessa huomautuksessa.
svenska Observera:
Termen CAUTION (OBSERVERA) skall göra användaren uppmärksam på att apparaten
eller annan utrustning kan ta allvarlig skada om anvisningarna inte följs. Detaljerad
information ges i en ruta som denna.
0993-5256 T-17
Translations
W1.2
Only a Perkin Elmer service engineer or similarly trained and authorized person should
be permitted to service the instrument.
• Do not attempt to make adjustments, replacements, repairs, or modifications to this
instrument except as described in the documentation supplied with the instrument.
dansk Advarsel: Ikke-tilladte indstillinger og arbejder på apparatet
Vedligeholdelse af apparatet er kun tilladt for Perkin Elmer kundeservice-ingeniøren eller
tilsvarende uddannede og autoriserede personer.
• Prøv ikke på at foretage indstillinger, udskiftninger, reparationer eller ændringer af
apparatet, som ikke er beskrevet i den dokumentation, der er vedlagt apparatet.
Deutsch Warnung: Unzulässige Arbeiten am Gerät
Wartungs- oder Reparaturarbeiten oder Justierungen, die in der Benutzerdokumentation
zum Gerät nicht beschrieben sind, dürfen nur vom Perkin Elmer Kundendienst oder von
entsprechend ausgebildeten und autorisierten Fachkräften ausgeführt werden.
español Advertencia: Ajustes y servicios sin autorización
Tan sólo un ingeniero de Servicio Técnico de Perkin Elmer o una persona de formación
y autorización similares podrán realizar trabajos de revisión y mantenimiento del
instrumento.
• No intente realizar ningún tipo de ajuste, sustitución o reparación en este aparato, a
excepción de lo descrito en la Documentación del Usuario que se adjunta.
français Danger: Réglages et entretien non autorisés
Seul un ingénieur du service après vente Perkin Elmer ou une personne autorisée et de
même formation sont autorisées à intervenir sur l'instrument.
• Ne pas essayer d'effectuer des réglages, des remplacements, des réparations ou des
modifications sur cet instrument d'une manière autre que celle décrite dans la
documentation fournie avec l'instrument.
T-18 0993-5256
Translations
=Warning (continued) W1.2
italiano Pericolo: Regolazioni e manutenzione non autorizzati

L'asservimento dello strumento è permesso esclusivamente ad un tecnico di assistenza
della Perkin Elmer oppure da simile persona addestrata e autorizzata.
• Non provare ad eseguire regolazioni, sostituzioni, riparazioni o modifiche a questo
strumento se non come descritto nella documentazione allegata allo strumento.
Nederlands Waarschuwing: Ongeautoriseerde aanpassingen en service
Alleen een Perkin Elmer service-monteur of een gelijksoortig opgeleid en geautoriseerd
persoon mag service verlenen aan het instrument.
• Probeer niet zelf aanpassingen aan dit instrument aan te brengen, het te repareren of
te veranderen behalve zoals beschreven in de documentatie die bij het instrument
geleverd is.
português Aviso: Trabalhos não permitidos no aparelho
Trabalhos de manutenção apenas podem ser executados pelo Serviço Técnico da Perkin
Elmer ou por pessoal especializado devidamente formado e autorizado.
• Não tente realizar ajustamentos, substituições, reparações ou modificações neste
aparelho que não estejam descritos na documentação fornecida com o aparelho.
suomea Varo: Luvattomat säätö - ja huoltotyöt
Laitteen huoltotyöt saa antaa vain Perkin Elmer -huoltoteknikoiden tai vastaavasti
koulutettujen ja valtuutettujen henkilöiden tehtäväksi.
• Älä tee muita säätö-, vaihto-, korjaus- tai muutostöitä tässä laitteessa kuin sellaisia,
jotka on selostettu laitteen mukana toimitetussa dokumentaatiossa.
svenska Varning: Icke tillåtna arbeten på apparaten
Endast servicepersonal från Perkin Elmer eller personal med liknande utbildning och
behörighet får utföra servicearbeten på apparaten.
• Underhålls- eller reparationsarbeten, justeringar eller ändringar som inte finns
beskrivna i användarmanualen till apparaten får inte utföras.
0993-5256 T-19
Translations
T-20 0993-5256
Translations
W1.3
dansk Advarsel: Eksplosive omgivelser

Dette apparat er ikke konstrueret til brug i eksplosive omgivelser.
Deutsch Warnung: Explosionsfähige Atmosphären
Das Gerät darf nicht in explosionsfähigen Atmosphären betrieben werden.
español Advertencia: Atmósfera explosiva
Este aparato no está diseñado para utilizarlo en atmósferas explosivas.
français Danger: Atmosphère explosive
Cet instrument n'est pas conçu pour fonctionner dans une atmosphère explosive.
italiano Pericolo: Atmosfera esplosiva
Questo strumento non è concepito per operare in atmosfera esplosiva.
Nederlands Waarschuwing: Explosiegevaarlijke omgevingen
Dit instrument mag niet in een explosiegevaarlijke omgeving gebruikt worden.
português Aviso: Atmosferas explodíveis
O aparelho não pode ser utilizado em atmosferas explodíveis.
suomea Varo: Räjähdysvaarallinen ympäristö
Tätä laitetta ei saa käyttää räjähdysvaarallisessa ympäristössä.
svenska Varning: Explosiv atmosfär
Apparaten är inte avsedd att användas i explosionsfarliga miljöer.
0993-5256 T-21
Translations
W1.4
Warning: Risk of injury through lifting
The instrument weighs approximately 190 kg.
Improper lifting can cause painful and sometimes permanent back injury.
• Use proper lifting techniques to lift or move the instrument.
• Use proper lifting techniques and always use the handles to lift or move the instrument.
dansk Advarsel: Risiko for kvæstelser ved at løfte
Apparatet vejer omtrent 190 kg.
Hvis det løftes forkert, kan det forårsage smertefulde og til tider permanente rygskader.
• Benyt korrekte løfteanordninger til at løfte eller flytte apparatet.
• Benyt en korrekt løfteteknik og brug altid håndtagene til at løfte eller flytte apparatet.
Deutsch Warnung: Verletzungsgefahr durch Heben einer schweren Last
Das Gerät hat eine Masse von ca. 190 kg.
Falsches Anheben kann schmerzhafte und unter Umständen bleibende Rückenschäden
zur Folge haben.
• Wenden Sie zum Anheben oder Bewegen des Geräts nur geeignete Techniken an.
• Wenden Sie zum Anheben oder Bewegen des Geräts nur geeignete Techniken an und
benutzen Sie immer die Tragegriffe.
español Advertencia: Peligro de lesiones por alzamiento
El aparato pesa 190 kg aproximadamente.
Si lo alza de manera indebida puede sufrir usted lesiones dolorosas y en ciertos casos
permanentes en la espalda.
• Aplique técnicas apropiadas para alzar o mover el aparato.
• Aplique técnicas apropiadas de alzado y no deje de usar jamás las manijas para alzar
o mover el aparato.
français Danger: Risque de blessure lors de la manutention
L'instrument pèse environ 190 kg.
Une manipulation incorrecte peut entraîner des douleurs au dos risquant de perdurer.
• Utiliser des techniques de levage appropriées pour lever ou déplacer l'instrument.
• Utiliser des techniques de levage appropriées et utiliser toujours les poignées pour
lever ou déplacer l'instrument.
T-22 0993-5256
Translations
italiano Pericolo: Rischio di infortunio in caso di sollevamento

Lo strumento pesa all'incirca 190 kg.
Se sollevato senza le dovute precauzioni è possibile che si causino dolorosi e permanenti
infortuni alla schiena.
• Muovere o sollevare lo strumento utilizzando le oopportune tecniche di sollevamento
e di spostamento.
• Usare le giuste tecniche di sollevamento ed utilizzare sempre le manopole per
sollevare o spostare lo strumento.
Nederlands Waarschuwing: Kans op letsel door optillen
Het instrument weegt ongeveery 190 kg.
Op een onjuiste manier tillen kan tot pijnlijk en soms permanent rugletsel leiden.
• Til of verzet het instrument op de juiste manier.
• Til op de juiste manier en gebruik altijd de handvaten om het instrument op te tillen of
te verplaatsen.
português Aviso: Risco de ferimento ao levantar o aparelho
O aparelho pesa aprox. 190 kg.
O seu levantamento incorrecto poderá causar ferimentos dolorosos e por vezes
permanentes nas costas.
• Use meios de levantamento adequados para levantar ou movimentar o aparelho.
• Use meios de levantamento adequados utilize sempre os manípulos para levantar ou
movimentar o aparelho.
suomea Varo: Loukkaantumisvaara laitetta nostettaessa
Laite painaa noin 190 kg.
Epäasianmukaisesta nostamisesta voi olla seurauksena kivuliaat ja mahdollisesti pysyvät
selkävammat.
• Käytä asianmukaista nostotekniikkaa laitteen nostamisessa ja siirtämisessä.
• Käytä asianmukaista nostotekniikkaa ja tartu aina kahvoihin, kun nostat tai siirrät
laitetta.
svenska Varning: Risk för personskada vid lyft
Apparaten väger ca 190 kg.
Felaktiga lyft kan ge svåra och ibland bestående ryggskador.
• Använd rätt lyftteknik när apparaten skall lyftas eller flyttas.
• Använd rätt lyftteknik och använd alltid handtagen när apparaten skall lyftas eller
flyttas.
0993-5256 T-23
Translations
W2.1
Any interruption of the protective conductor inside or outside the instrument or
disconnection of the protective conductor (earth/ground) terminal is likely to make the
instrument dangerous.
Intentional interruption is prohibited.
Lethal voltages are present in the instrument
– Even with the power switch off, line power voltages can still be present within the
instrument.
– When the instrument is connected to line power, terminals may be live, and opening
covers or removing parts (except those to which access can be gained without use of
a tool) is likely to expose live parts.
– Capacitors inside the instrument may still be charged even if the instrument has been
disconnected from all voltage sources.
dansk Advarsel: Fare på grund af elektricitet
Enhver afbrydelse af beskyttelseslederen inde i eller udenpå apparatet eller fjernelse af
beskyttelseslederen (jord/stel) kan gøre apparatet farligt.
Bevidst afbrydelse er forbudt.
Der er livsfarlige spændinger i apparatet
– Selv når hovedafbryderen er slået fra, kan der stadig være
netstrømsspændinger inde i apparatet.
– Når apparatet er tilsluttet til strømnettet, kan enhederne være spændingsførende;
hvis man åbner afskærmninger eller fjerner dele (bortset fra de dele, man kan komme
frem til uden brug af værktøj), kan spændingsførende dele blive blottet.
– Selv når apparatet er slukket, og strømforbindelsen er afbrudt,
kan kondensatorerne i apparatet være ladet med farlig spænding.
Deutsch Warnung: Gefährdung durch Elektrizität
Das Gerät muß zum Betrieb immer geerdet sein. Auf keinen Fall die Schutzleiter im Gerät
oder in der Netzzuleitung trennen oder entfernen.
Gefährliche Spannung im Gerät
– Auch in ausgeschaltetem Zustand kann an einigen Stellen im Gerät Netzspannung
anliegen, wenn das Gerät am Stromnetz angeschlossen ist.
– Auch bei ausgeschaltetem Gerät und getrennter Netzverbindung können
Kondensatoren im Gerät noch mit gefährlicher Spannung geladen sein.
T-24 0993-5256
Translations
español Advertencia: Peligro eléctrico

Cualquier interrupción del conductor de protección dentro o fuera del aparato, o la
desconexión del terminal del mismo (toma de tierra) pueden ocasionar serios peligros al
manejar el equipo.
Prohibida la interrupción intencionada.
En el aparato existen voltajes letales
– Incluso con el interruptor desconectado puede haber voltaje dentro del equipo.
– Cuando el aparato se encuentre conectado a la red eléctrica, los terminales pueden
estar bajo corriente y éstos quedar expuestos al abrir las cubiertas o al extraer
componentes (exceptuando aquellos a los cuales se puede acceder con la mano).
– Los condensadores internos del aparato pueden permanecer cargados incluso
cuando el aparato haya sido desconectado del voltaje de línea.
français Danger: Risque d'électrocution
Toute interruption du conducteur de protection à l'intérieur ou à l'extérieur de l'instrument
ou déconnexion du raccord du conducteur de protection (terre) peut rendre l'instrument
dangereux.
Il est interdit d'interrompre volontairement ce conducteur.
Tensions résiduelles mortelles dans l'instrument
– Même lorsque l'interrupteur est sur arrêt, des tension résiduelles peuvent encore être
présentes dans l'instrument.
– Lorsque l'instrument est relié au secteur, les raccords peuvent être sous tension, et
des parties sous tension peuvent être découvertes en ouvrant des capots ou en
retirant des pièces (à l'exception de celles auxquelles il est possible d'accéder
manuellement).
– Les condensateurs contenus dans l'instrument peuvent encore être chargés, même
si l'instrument a été déconnecté de toutes sources de tension.
italiano Pericolo: Rischio di folgorazione
Qualsiasi interruzione del conduttore di protezione all'interno o all'esterno dello strumento
o il suo scollegamento (terra) può rendere pericoloso lo strumento. Qualsiasi interruzione
intenzionale è proibita.
All'interno dellos trumento sono presenti tensioni mortali
– Anche se l'interruttore principale è spento è possibile che all'interno dello strumento
siano presenti tensioni simili a quelle di rete.
– Quando lo strumento è collegato alla rete elettrica è possibile che i terminali siano
lucidi e scoperti; aprendo i coperchi protettivi o staccando dei componenti (fatta
eccezione per quelli a cui è possibile accedere senza l'uso di utensili) è possibile
esporre parti lucide.
– Anche dopo che lo strumento è stato scollegato da qualsiasi sorgente di tensione è
possibile che i condensatori all'interno dello strumento siano carichi.
0993-5256 T-25
Translations
Nederlands Waarschuwing: Risico’s door electriciteit

Het instrument moet voor de werking altijd geaard zijn. In geen geval mag de aarding van
het instrument of de netvoeding worden onderbroken of worden verwijderd.
Er zijn dodelijke voltages in het instrument aanwezig
– Ook in uitgeschakelde toestand kan, wanneer het instrument op de netvoeding is
aangesloten, op sommige plaatsen in het instrument netspanning staan.
– Als het instrument aan lijnvoeding is aangesloten, kan er nog steeds op sommige
aansluitpunten netspanning staan, en door het openen van deksels of het
verwijderen van onderdelen (behalve die waartoe men toegang heeft zonder
gereedschap te gebruiken) kunnen onderdelen die onder spanning staan
tevoorschijn komen.
– Ook bij uitgeschakeld instrument en in een onderbroken netvoeding kunnen
condensatoren in het instrument nog een gevaarlijke lading bevatten.
português Aviso: Perigo por electricidade
Qualquer interrupção dos condutores de protecção à terra no interior ou exterior do
aparelho ou o desligamento do condutor de protecção à terra
(terra/massa) tornará o aparelho perigoso.
Qualquer interrupção deliberada é proibida.
Tensão perigosa no aparelho
– Mesmo desligado, o aparelho poderá ainda ter tensão de rede em alguns pontos
enquanto estiver ligado à rede de corrente.
– Enquanto o aparelho estiver ligado à alimentação de corrente os terminais podem
estar sob corrente, e o abrir de coberturas ou o retirar de peças (excepto aquelas às
quais se pode ter acesso sem ter de usar ferramenta) poderá expor peças sob
corrente.
– Mesmo com o aparelho desligado e a ligação à rede de corrente interrompida, os
condensadores dentro do aparelho ainda poderão ter uma tensão perigosa aplicada.
T-26 0993-5256
Translations
suomea Varo: Vaarana sähkö

Jos suojajohdin keskeytetään laitteen sisä- tai ulkopuolella tai
suojajohtimen liitin (maadoitus) irrotetaan, laitteesta tulee vaarallinen.
Suojajohtimen tahallinen keskeytys on kielletty.
Laitteessa on hengenvaarallista jännitettä.
– Vaikka pääkytkin olisikin kytketty pois päältä, laitteessa voi olla vielä
paikoittain varautunutta verkkovirtajännitettä.
– Verkkovirtaan liitetyn laitteen liittimissä voi olla jännitettä. Jos suojakannet avataan tai
osia poistetaan, tällöin voidaan joutua kosketukseen jännitettä johtavien osien
kanssa (poikkeuksena osat, joihin pääsee käsiksi ilman työkaluja).
– Laitteen sisässä olevat kondensaattorit voivat olla vielä varautuneita,
vaikka laite olisikin kytketty irti kaikista jännitelähteistä.
svenska Varning: Fara p g a elektricitet
Apparaten skall alltid vara jordad.
Man får inte under några omständigheter bryta eller avlägsna jordledaren i apparaten eller
strömkretsen.
Livsfarlig spänning i apparaten
– Även när apparaten är avstängd kan nätspänning förekomma inuti apparaten.
– När apparaten är ansluten till elnätet kan uttagen i apparaten vara spänningsförande.
Om man öppnar höljen eller tar bort delar (förutom de som är åtkomliga utan verktyg)
kan spänningsförande delar bli åtkomliga.
– Även när apparaten är avstängd och skild från elnätet kan kondensatorerna i
apparaten vara laddade med farlig spänning.
0993-5256 T-27
Translations
W2.3
• To prevent potential injury to yourself and damage to the instrument, switch OFF all
instruments in the system and disconnect them from the line power supply before you
perform the procedures described below.
• For at undgå faren for kvæstelser for Dem selv og faren for beskadigelse af apparatet,
skal alle apparater i systemet være SLUKKET, og strømforbindelsen skal være skilt,
inden De udfører de arbejder, som er beskrevet nedenfor.
Deutsch Warnung: Gefährdung durch Elektrizität
• Um Verletzungsgefahr durch elektrische Spannung und Beschädigungsgefahr der
Geräte zu vermeiden, schalten Sie alle Geräte des Meßplatzes AUS und trennen Sie
die Netzverbindungen, bevor Sie irgendwelche elektrischen Verbindungen herstellen
oder ändern.
• Para evitar posibles daños personales y al equipo, apague todos los módulos del
sistema y desconéctelos de la toma de corriente antes de ejecutar las operaciones
descritas más abajo.
• Afin d'éviter des blessures éventuelles et des détériorations de l'instrument, mettre
tous les instruments du système hors tension et les déconnecter de l'alimentation
secteur avant d'exécuter les procédures décrites ci-après.
• Prima di procedere alle operazioni descritte sotto , per prevenire lesioni personali o
danni allo strumento, spegnete tutti gli strumenti all'interno del sistema e scollegateli
dall'alimentazione elettrica.
• Om gevaar voor letsel aan Uzelf en beschadiging aan het instrument te voorkomen,
schakelt U voordat U de handelingen verricht die hieronder zijn beschreven, alle
instrumenten UIT en ontkoppelt U de netvoeding.
T-28 0993-5256
Translations

• A fim de evitar o perigo de ferimento por tensão eléctrica e o perigo de danificação dos
aparelhos, DESLIGUE todos os aparelhos do sistema e interrompa as ligações à rede
antes de realizar os trabalhos seguidamente referidos.
• Jotta loukkaantumisilta ja laitevaurioilta vältytään, kytke kaikki järjestelmän laitteet
POIS PÄÄLTÄ ja erota ne verkkovirrasta, ennen kuin suoritat jäljempänä selostettuja
toimenpiteitä.
• För att undvika eventuella personskador och skador på apparaten skall samtliga
apparater stängas AV och skiljas från elnätet innan du utför något av nedanstående
arbeten.
0993-5256 T-29
Translations
W2.9
• Use only fuses with the correct current rating and of the specified type for replacement.
• Do not use makeshift fuses and do not short-circuit the fuse holders.
• Sikringerne må kun udskiftes med sikringer med den korrekte spændingsstyrke og af
den angivne type.
• Benyt ikke nødsikringer, og undlad at kortslutte sikringsholderne.
Deutsch Warnung: Gefährdung durch elektrischen Strom
• Verwenden Sie nur Sicherungen des gleichen Typs und mit der angegebenen
Belastbarkeit.
• Verwenden Sie keine Behelfssicherung und schließen Sie nicht den Sicherungshalter
kurz.
• Utilice únicamente fusibles con el amperaje correcto y con el tipo especificado para su
reemplazo.
• No use fusibles improvisados ni cortocircuite los portafusibles.
• N'utiliser pour le remplacement que des fusibles d'ampérage correct et de type
spécifié.
• Ne pas utiliser de fusibles provisoires et ne pas court-circuiter les porte-fusibles.
• Se necessario sostituirli, utilizzare esclusivamente fusibili di corretto tipo e valore.
• Non utilizzare fusibili di fattura artigianale e non cortocircuitare i tienifusibili.

T-30 0993-5256
Translations

• Gebruik ter vervanging alleen zekeringen met het juiste stroombereik en van het
aangegeven soort.
• Gebruik geen noodzekeringen en sluit de zekeringhouders niet kort.
• Ao substituí-los, use apenas fusíveis com a amperagem correcta e do tipo
especificado.
• Não use fusíveis provisórios e não curto-circuite os porta-fusíveis.
• Käytä vaihtosulakkeina vain sulakkeita, jotka on mitoitettu oikealle virran
voimakkuudelle ja joiden tyyppi on ohjeiden mukainen.
• Älä käytä apusulakkeita äläkä oikosulje sulakealustoja.
• Använd endast rätt typ av säkringar med korrekt strömvärde vid byte.
• Använd inte provisoriska säkringar och kortslut inte säkringshållaren.
0993-5256 T-31
Translations
W5.7
Acetylene can decompose explosively at pressures higher than 103 kPa / 1.03 bar /
15 psig.
• Always make sure that the acetylene outlet gauge pressure is below this value.
dansk Advarsel: Acetylen – Eksplosionsfare
Acetylen kan nedbrydes eksplosionsagtigt ved tryk over 103 kPa / 1.03 bar / 15 psig.
• Forvis Dem altid om, at acetylen-udgangsmåletrykket ligger under denne værdi.
Deutsch Warnung: Acetylen – Explosionsgefahr
• Stellen Sie für Acetylen keinen höheren Ausgangsdruck als 103 kPa (1,03 bar) ein. Bei
höheren Drücken kann Acetylen spontan zerfallen und explodieren.
español Advertencia: Acetileno – Peligro de explosión
El acetileno puede descomponerse y ocasionar explosiones a presiones superiores a
103 kPa / 1.03 bar / 15 psig.
• Tenga cuidado siempre de mantener la presión del manómetro de acetileno por
debajo de este valor.
français Danger: Acétylène – Risque d'explosion
L'acétylène peut se décomposer de manière explosive à des pressions supérieures à
103 kPa / 1.03 bar / 15 psig.
• Toujours vérifier que la pression de l'acétylène sur le manomètre de sortie est
inférieure à cette valeur.
T-32 0993-5256
Translations
italiano Pericolo: Acetilene – Pericolo di esplosione

L'acetilene può decomporsi in maniera esplosiva a pressioni superiori a 103 kPa /
1.03 bar / 15 psig.
• Assicuratevi sempre che la lancetta del manometro di uscita dell'acetilene rimanga al
di sotto di tali valori.
Nederlands Waarschuwing: Acetyleen – Explosiegevaar
Acetyleen kan spontaan ontbinden bij een druk hoger dan 103 kPa / 1.03 bar / 15 psig.
• Zorg er altijd voor dat de druk van de acetyleen-uitlaatmeter niet boven deze waarde
uitkomt.
português Aviso: Acetileno – perigo de explosão
Se a pressão for superior a 103 kPa / 1.03 bar / 15 psig, o acetileno poderá desintegra-
se de repente e explodir.
• Assegure-se de que o manómetro de pressão de saída do acetileno indica sempre
uma pressão inferior a este valor.
suomea Varo: Asetyleeni – räjähdysvaara
Asetyleeni voi hajota räjähdyksenomaisesti, jos paine on suurempi kuin 103 kPa
(1.03 bar).
• Varmistu aina siitä, että asetyleenin lähtöpaine painemittarissa on alle tämän arvon.
svenska Varning: Acetylen – explosionrisk
Acetylen får inte utsättas för högre tryck än 103 kPa / 1,03 bar / 15 psig. Vid högre tryck
bryts acetylenet ned och kan explodera.
• Se till att utgångstrycket för acetylen ligger under detta värde.
0993-5256 T-33
Translations
W5.9
Perkin Elmer burner systems are designed for use with compressed air. The use of
oxygen can cause an explosion in the burner system, and oxygen-enriched air can cause
a flashback of the flame.
• Never use oxygen or oxygen-enriched air with Perkin Elmer burner systems. Use only
compressed air.
dansk Advarsel: Flammetilbagestød
Perkin Elmer brændersystemer er beregnet til brug med trykluft. Brugen af ilt kan
forårsage en eksplosion i brændersystemet, og luft med ilttilsætning kan forårsage et
flammetilbagestød.
• Benyt aldrig ilt eller luft med ilttilsætning ved Perkin Elmer brændersystemer. Benyt
kun trykluft.
Deutsch Warnung: Sauerstoff und mit Sauerstoff angereicherte Luft
• Verwenden Sie für Perkin Elmer Brenner nur Druckluft.
Sauerstoff oder sogenannte ‘Atemluft’ sind nicht zulässig.
Bei Verwendung von Sauerstoff besteht Explosionsgefahr.
Mit Sauerstoff angereicherte Luft kann einen Flammenrückschlag verursachen.
español Advertencia: Peligro de retroceso de la llama
Los sistemas Perkin Elmer de mecheros están diseñados para funcionar con aire
comprimido. El empleo de oxígeno puede ocasionar una explosión en el sistema de
mecheros y el aire enriquecido con oxígeno puede provocar la retrogresión de la llama.
• No use nunca oxígeno ni aire enriquecido con oxígeno al trabajar con sistemas de
mecheros Perkin Elmer. Use siempre aire comprimido.
français Danger: Risque de retour de flamme
Les systèmes de brûleurs Perkin Elmer sont conçus pour être utilisés avec de l'air
comprimé. L'utilisation d'oxygène peut provoquer une explosion dans le système de
brûleur, et l'air suroxygéné peut provoquer un retour de flamme.
• Ne jamais utiliser d'oxygène ou d'air suroxygéné avec les systèmes de brûleurs Perkin
Elmer. N'utiliser que l'air comprimé.
T-34 0993-5256
Translations
italiano Pericolo: Pericolo di ritorno di fiamma

I sistemi di combustione della Perkin Elmer sono concepiti per funzionare con aria
compressa. L'uso di ossigeno può causare l'esplosione del sistema di combustione
mentre aria arricchita di ossigeno può causare un violento ritorno di fiamma.
• Non utilizzare mai ossigeno o aria arricchita di ossigeno all'interno di sistemi di
combustione della Perkin Elmer.
Nederlands Waarschuwing: Terugslag van de vlam
Perkin Elmer brandersystemen zijn ontworpen voor gebruik met perslucht. Bij het gebruik
van zuurstof bestaat explosiegevaar in het brandersysteem, en zgn. ademlucht kan een
terugslaan van de vlam veroorzaken.
• Gebruik nooit zuurstof of zgn. ademlucht voor Perkin Elmer brandersystemen. Gebruik
alleen perslucht.
português Aviso: Retrocesso da chama
Os sistemas de queimadores Perkin Elmer são concebidos para o uso com ar
comprimido. O uso de oxigénio poderá causar uma explosão no sistema do queimador.
Ar enriquecido com oxigénio pode causar um retrocesso da chama.
• Nunca utilizar oxigénio ou ar enriquecido com oxigénio em sistemas de queimadores
Perkin Elmer. Use unicamente ar comprimido.
suomea Varo: Vaarana liekin takaisinlyönti
Perkin Elmer-poltinjärjestelmät on tarkoitettu käytettäviksi paineilmalla. Hapen käytöstä
voi seurata räjähdys poltinjärjestelmässä ja hapen rikastama ilma voi aiheuttaa liekin
takaisinlyönnin.
• Älä koskaan käytä happea tai hapella rikastettua ilmaa Perkin Elmer -
poltinjärjestelmissä. Käytä ainoastaan paineilmaa.
svenska Varning: Risk för bakeld
Perkin Elmers brännarsystem är avsedda för användning med tryckluft. Syre kan
framkalla explosioner i brännarsystemet och syreanrikad luft kan orsaka bakeld.
• Använd inte syre eller syreanrikad luft i Perkin Elmers brännarsystem. Använd endast
tryckluft.
0993-5256 T-35
Translations
W6.1
If you use nitrogen as the inert gas, toxic cyanogen gas (CN)2 will be produced when the
furnace temperature is above 2300 °C.
• Make sure that the main laboratory fume ventilation system removes all gases and
fumes emitted by the furnace.
dansk Advarsel: Giftig forbrændingsgas
Ved anvendelse af kvælstof som inertgas dannes der giftig dicyan (CN)2 ved
ovntemperaturer over 2300 °C.
• Forvis Dem om, at hoved-udsugningsanlægget udsuger de forbrændingsgasser, som
emitteres af ovnen.
Deutsch Warnung: Giftiges Abgas
Bei Verwendung von Stickstoff als Inertgas bildet sich bei Ofentemperaturen über
2300 °C giftiges Dicyan (CN)2.
• Es muß sichergestellt sein, daß die aus dem Graphitofen austretenden Abgase von
der Haupt-Absauganlage sicher abgesaugt werdenΚ
español Advertencia: Gases tóxicos
Si se utiliza nitrógeno puro como gas inerte, al aumentar la temperatura del horno por
encima de 2300 °C se producirá gas cianógeno (CN)2, que es tóxico.
• Cerciórese de que el sistema principal de extracción de humos elimine todos los gases
y humos emitidos por el horno.
français Danger: Gaz toxiques
Si de l'azote est utilisé comme gaz inerte, du gaz cyanogène (CN)2 toxique se forme
lorsque la température du four dépasse 2300 °C.
• Vérifier que le système principal d'extraction des fumées élimine tous les gaz et
fumées émis par le four.
T-36 0993-5256
Translations
italiano Pericolo: Gas tossici

Se usate l'azoto quale gas inerte allora, quando il forno raggiunge temperature al di sopra
di 2300 °C, si formerà del gas cianogeno tossico (CN)2.
• Assicuratevi che l'impianto principale di estrazione fumi del laboratorio elimini tutti i gas
e le esalazioni emesse dal forno.
Nederlands Waarschuwing: Giftig afvoergas
Bij gebruik van stikstof als inertiegas wordt bij een oventemperatuur van meer dan
2300 °C het giftige dycyaan (CN)2 gevormd.
• Zorg ervoor dat alle gassen en dampen die uit de grafietoven komen, door de
hoofdafzuiging worden afgezogen.
português Aviso: Gás de escape venenoso
Ao utilizar nitrogénio como gás inerte a uma temperatura de forno superior a 2300 °C,
forma-se cianeto (CN)2 venenoso.
• Assegure-se de que os gases de escape que saem do forno são seguramente
aspirados pelo sistema exaustor principal.
suomea Varo: Myrkylliset kaasut
Jos käytät inerttikaasuna typpeä, syntyy myrkyllistä syaanikaasua (CN)2 , jos uunin
lämpötila on yli 2300 °C.
• Varmistu siitä, että laboratorion savunpoistojärjestelmä poistaa kaikki uunista lähtevät
kaasut ja savukaasut.
svenska Varning: Giftiga gaser
Om kväve används som inert gas bildas en giftig cyangas (CN)2 när ugnstemperaturen
överstiger 2300 C.
• Se till att utsugssystemet suger ut alla gaser och ångor som avges i ugnen.
0993-5256 T-37
Translations
W7.1
Warning: Strong Magnetic Field
• Do not operate the furnace when persons wearing electronic heart pacemakers, or
having other metallic implants, are present.
• Anyone wearing a heart pacemaker or having metallic implants should remain at least
0.6 meter away from the furnace – in any direction – while the furnace is operating.
dansk Advarsel: Stærkt magnetfelt
• Undlad at betjene ovnen, hvis der er personer til stede med elektronisk hjerte-
pacemaker eller andre metalliske implantater.
• Personer med hjerte-pacemaker eller andre metalliske implantater skal overholde en
afstand på mindst 0.6 meter fra ovnen – i alle retninger – mens ovnen er i gang.
Deutsch Magnetfeld - Lebensgefahr für Herzschrittmacherträger
• Herzschrittmacherträger und Personen mit Metall-Implantaten müssen zum Magneten
einen Sicherheitsabstand von mindestens 0,6 m in jeder Richtung um den Magneten
einhalten.
• Halten sich Herzschrittmacher- oder Metallimplantatträger innerhalb des
Sicherheitsabstands von 0,6 m auf, darf der Magnetofen nicht aktiviert werden
español Advertencia: Campo magnético intenso
• No ponga el horno en funcionamiento cuando haya cerca personas con marcapasos
o con prótesis metálicas.
• Las personas que tengan marcapasos o prótesis metálicas deben mantener una
distancia mínima de 0,6 m del horno (en cualquier dirección) mientras éste se
encuentre en funcionamiento.
français Danger: Champ magnétique intense
• Ne pas faire fonctionner le four en présence de personnes ayant un stimulateur
cardiaque ou d'autres implants métalliques.
• Tout personne ayant un stimulateur cardiaque ou des implants métalliques doit rester
éloignée d'au moins 0,6 m du four pendant le fonctionnement de celui-ci.
T-38 0993-5256
Translations
italiano Pericolo: Forte campo magnetico

• Non mettete in funzione il forno se sono presenti persone portatrici di pacemaker
elettronico o comunque che presentano altri implantati metallici.
• Chiunque dovesse essere portatore di peacemaker o di implantati metallici deve
soffermarsi ad una distanza minima do 0,6 metri dal forno (in ogni direzione) mentre
esso è in funzione.
Nederlands Waarschuwing: Sterke magnetisch velden
• De oven niet gebruiken als dragers van pacemakers en personen met metalen
implantaten aanwezig zijn.
• Dragers van een pacemaker of metalen implantaten mogen niet binnen een straal van
minimaal 0.6 meter bij de oven komen – in alle richtingen – als de oven in werking is.
português Aviso: Forte campo magnético
• Não use o forno enquanto estiverem portadores de marca-passo cardíaco ou pessoas
com outros implantes metálicos por perto.
• Portadores de marca-passo ou pessoas com implantes metálicos devem manter uma
distância mínima de 0,6 metros do forno – em todas as direcções – enquanto o forno
estiver em funcionamento.
suomea Varo: Voimakas magneettikenttä
• Älä käytä uunia, jos läsnä on henkilöitä, jotka käyttävät elektronista
sydämentahdistinta tai joilla on muita metallisia istutteita.
• Kaikkien henkilöiden, joilla on sydämentahdistin tai muita metallisia istutteita, tulee
pysyä vähintään 0.6 metrin päässä uunista – joka suuntaan – uunin ollessa käynnissä.
svenska Varning: Starka magnetfält
• Personer med pacemaker eller metallimplantat får inte vistas i närheten av ugnen när
den används.
• Personer med pacemaker eller metallimplantat skall hålla ett avstånd på minst 0,6
meter i alla riktningar till ugnen när den används.
0993-5256 T-39
Translations
T-40 0993-5256
Index
0993-5256 In-1
In-2 0993-5256
Index
A connecting E
AAnalyst 800 acetylene 3-7 electrical components
concept 8-3 air 3-7 maintaining 5-7
features 8-3 argon 3-10
electrical connections 3-18
system components 8-4 burner drain system 3-14
burner gases 3-6 electrical protection 1-4, 8-15
technical data 8-13
furnaces gases 3-9 electrical requirements 7-8
acetylene 2-15
nitrogen 3-10 electrical safety 1-8
connecting 3-7
nitrous oxide 3-7 electrodeless discharge lamps
acetylides 2-18 special gas 3-12 installing and connecting 4-8
air connections electromagnetic compatibility
connecting 3-7 electrical 3-18 1-5
air filters connectors on the spectrometer electrothermal atomization
changing 5-9 electrical 8-10 hazards 2-20
argon gas and cooling 8-8 safety practices 2-19
connecting 3-10 cooling system 7-15 emergency shutdown 4-14
automatic circuit breaker connecting and disconnecting environment
resetting 5-7 water hoses 3-15 operating conditions 1-10
filling 3-17 storage conditions 1-10
B furnace cooling 7-15
burner drain system environmental conditions 7-9
installing 3-15
connecting 3-14 spectrometer cooling 7-15 F
burner gases correct use of the instrument 1-7,
FIAS and mercury/hydride sys-
acetylene 2-15 2-3
tems
connecting 3-6 customer service hazards 2-22
burner system catalog service 1-3 safety practices 2-21
drain system 2-17 company name and address
filling the cooling system 3-17
safe operation 2-16 1-3
flame
supplies, replacement parts,
C and accessories 1-3
safe operation 2-16
changing air filters 5-9 flame atomization
cyanide solutions 2-18
changing fuses 5-7 safe operation of the flame
checklist D 2-16
safe use of burner gases 2-13
general maintenance 5-4 deuterium lamp
safety practices 2-13
spectrometer maintenance 5-4 replacing 5-10
dimensions of the system 7-4 flashbacks 2-17
circuit breaker 4-3
resetting 5-7 fume ventilation 7-10
disposing of
cleaning windows 5-5 contents of waste containers furnace autosampler
2-7 installing 3-14
compressed gases 2-10
defective lamps 2-7 furnace gases
drain system 2-17 connecting 3-9
0993-5256 In-3
Index
fuses installing and connecting lamps P

changing 5-7 4-8 parts and supplies 6-1
installing furnace autosampler
G 3-14
parts provided 6-3
gas hazards 2-10 Perkin-Elmer service 5-3
gas supply requirements 7-11 L
R
air 7-13 laboratory
burner gases 7-12 hygiene 2-4 Reconfigure utility 4-4
furnace gases 7-14 ventilation 2-4 references for laboratory safety
practice 2-23
laboratory requirements
H cooling system 7-15 regulatory information
hazards with electrothermal atom- environmental conditions 7-9 electromagnetic compatibility
ization fume ventilation 7-10 1-5
high temperatures 2-20 gas supplies 7-11 removing lamps 4-10
toxic products 2-20 lamp compartment 4-7 replacement parts 6-5
UV radiation 2-20 catalog service 6-5
lamps
hazards with FIAS and mercury/ installing 4-7 replacing air filters 5-9
hydride systems installing and connecting 4-8 replacing fuses 5-7
hazardous chemicals 2-22 removing 4-10 replacing the deuterium lamp
high temperatures 2-22
5-10
toxic products 2-22 M
resetting the circuit breaker 5-7
hazards with flame atomization magnetic field 2-8
acetylides 2-18 safe radius 7-7 S
cyanide solutions 2-18 maintaining electrical compo- safe handling of chemicals 2-5
high temperatures 2-18 nents 5-7 sodium tetrahydroborate 2-6
toxic combustion products
maintenance checklists 5-4 safe use of burner gases
2-18
UV radiation 2-18 maintenance procedures 5-5 acetylene 2-15
heart pacemakers 2-8 markings on the instrument 1-12 safety
moving the spectrometer 3-4 compressed gases 2-10
high temperatures 2-9
correct use of the instrument
hollow cathode lamps N 1-7, 2-3
installing 4-8 cyanide solutions 2-18
nitrogen
hygiene 2-4 connecting 3-10 electrical safety 1-8
nitrous oxide handling chemicals 2-5
I high temperatures 2-9
connecting 3-7
IEC 1010 compliance 1-4 magnetic field 2-8
installation procedures 3-3 O safe radius 7-7
installing operating conditions 1-10 operation of the flame 2-16
cooling system 3-15 UV radiation 2-8
operational on/off switches 8-12
lamps 4-7 safety conventions 1-8
optical system 8-6
sample trays 4-11 see also symbols
In-4 0993-5256
Index
safety practices W
electrothermal atomization warning markings on the instru-
2-19 ment 1-12
FIAS and mercury/hydride
waste disposal
systems 2-21
contents of waste containers
flame atomization 2-13
2-7
references 2-23
disposing of defective lamps
sample trays
2-7
installing 4-11
windows
shutting down the system 4-12
cleaning 5-5
sodium tetrahydroborate 2-6
space requirements 7-4 Z
special gas Zeeman magnetic field 2-8, 7-7
connecting 3-12
spectrometer
moving 3-4
spectrometer maintenance 5-5
storage conditions 1-10
switching on the system 4-3
symbols
used in the handbook 1-6
used on the instrument 1-11
translations T-3
system
shutting down 4-12
T
technical data
spectrometer 8-13
translations
symbols used on the instru-
ment T-3
warning messages T-11
troubleshooting 5-3
U
UV radiation 2-8
V
ventilation, laboratory 2-4
0993-5256 In-5

Aas - Perkin Elmer Aa800 User-Guide

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Atomic Spectrometry

Certificate No. FM 22178

Part Number Release Publication Date

Chapter 1 Regulatory Information

Magnetic field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8

Chapter 3 Spectrometer Installation

Chapter 7 Laboratory Requirements

Customer Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

Company Name and Addresses

United Kingdom: Perkin Elmer on the Internet:

Supplies, replacement parts, and accessories

IEC 1010 compliance

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)

Emission of conducted Electromagnetic compatibility

Safety practices and conventions

Correct use of the instrument

When working with the instrument:

The instrument will operate correctly under the following conditions:

Symbols used on the instrument

Any of the following symbols can be used on the instrument:

This symbol indicates the risk of electric shock.

This symbol indicates the risk of hot surfaces.

This symbol indicates the operational on/off switch.

This symbol indicates alternating current.

Warning markings on the instrument

Warning markings at the front of the spectrometer

Strong Magnetic Field

Warning markings on the rear panel

Instru me nt Co mm un icatio n Furnace Gases

Cool ing Syst e m

230 V 230 V 230 V

450 500 kPa 450 500 kPa 90 100 kPa

4 50 5 00 kP a 450 500 k P a 90 100 k P a

Warning: Acetylene – Explosion Hazard

Warning: Flashback Hazard

Warning markings on the deuterium lamp cover

High Temperatures – Risk of Burns

UV Radiation – Risk of Eye Damage

Safety practices for flame atomization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13

Correct use of analytical instruments

Safe handling of chemicals

1. Definitions from IEC 1010-1:

Contents of waste containers

Disposing of defective lamps

You should be aware of the health hazard presented by UV radiation.

Quartz tube atomizer cell

Handling compressed gases

Summary of gas hazards

Safety practices for flame atomization

Safe use of burner gases

Safe operation of the flame

The drain system

Hazards with flame atomization

Safety practices for electrothermal atomization

Hazards with electrothermal atomization

Strong magnetic field:

Safety practices for FIAS and mercury/hydride systems

FIAS-Cells – To all users who have an MHS-20 in addition to FIAS

Hazards with FIAS and mercury/hydride systems