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Mate Vocab

This document defines and explains key concepts in algebra and functions including the distance formula, midpoint formula, slope, parallel and perpendicular lines, functions, domains and ranges, transformations of graphs such as reflections and stretches/shrinks, composition of functions, inverses of functions, one-to-one functions, and properties of polynomial and quadratic functions. It provides definitions and rules for linear, quadratic, and other algebraic and graphical relationships.

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Riccardo Lopez
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
12 views

Mate Vocab

This document defines and explains key concepts in algebra and functions including the distance formula, midpoint formula, slope, parallel and perpendicular lines, functions, domains and ranges, transformations of graphs such as reflections and stretches/shrinks, composition of functions, inverses of functions, one-to-one functions, and properties of polynomial and quadratic functions. It provides definitions and rules for linear, quadratic, and other algebraic and graphical relationships.

Uploaded by

Riccardo Lopez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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 The Distance Formula is derived from the Pythagorean Theorem.

 The x- and y-axes divide the coordinate plane into four quadrants.
 Finding the average values of the respective coordinates of the two endpoints of a line segment
in a coordinate plane is also known as using the Midpoint Formula.
 An ordered pair (a, b) is a solution of an equation in x and y when the substitutions x = a and y =
b result in a true statement.
 The set of all solution points of an equation is the graph of the equation.
 The points at which a graph intersects or touches an axis are called the intercepts of the graph.
 The equation (x − h)2 + (y − k)2 = r2 is the standard form of the equation of a circle with center (h,
k) and radius r
 For a line, the ratio of the change in y to the change in x is called the slope of the line.
 The point slope form of the equation of a line with slope m passing through (x 1, y1) is y – y1 = m(x
– x1).
 Two lines are parallel if and only if their slopes are equal.
 Two lines are perpendicular if and only if their slopes are negative reciprocals of each other.
 Every line has an equation that can be written in general form.
 A relation that assigns to each element x from a set of inputs, or domain, exactly one element y
in a set of outputs, or range, is a function.
 For an equation that represents y as a function of x, the set of all values taken on by the
independent variable x is the domain, and the set of all values taken on by the dependent
variable y is the range. f(x + h) − f(x)
 One of the basic definitions in calculus uses h the ratio
is a Difference quotient.
 The vertical line test is used to determine whether the graph represents y as a function of x.
 The zeros of a function y = f(x) are the values of x for which f(x) = 0.
 A function f is decreasing on an interval when, for any x1 and x2 in the interval, x1 < x2 implies f(x1)
> f(x2).
 A function f is odd when, for each x in the domain of f, f(−x) = −f(x).
 A reflection in the x-axis of the graph of y = f(x) is represented by h(x) -f(x), while a reflection in
the y-axis of the graph of y = f(x) is represented by h(x) = f(-x)
 A nonrigid transformation of the graph of y = f(x) represented by g(x) = cf(x) is a vertical stretch
when c > 1 and a vertical shrink when 0 < c < 1.
 The composition of the function f with the function g is (f ∘ g)(x) = f(g(x)).
 If f(g(x)) and g(f(x)) both equal x, then the function g is the inverse function of the function f.
 The domain f is the range of f-1, and the domain of f-1is the range of f.
 The graphs of f and f-1 are reflections of each other in the line y = x.
 A function f is one to one when each value of the dependent variable corresponds to exactly
one value of the independent variable.
 A graphical test for the existence of an inverse function of f is called the Horizontal line test.
 Linear, constant, and squaring functions are examples of polynomial functions.
 A quadratic function is a second-degree polynomial function, and its graph is called a parabola.
 When the graph of a quadratic function opens downward, its leading coefficient is negative, and
the vertex of the graph is a maximum.

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