Vasquez, Angelica, Bio30lL, Activity 4 - 2021

SOUTHERN LEYTE STATE UNIVERSITY
San Ramon Bontoc, Southern Leyte
Name:Angelica Colis Vasquez Score:

Course/ Yr & Section: BSMB 1A Date Submitted:
Activity No. 4
Biology (Lecture)
SELF-ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS
1. Why is it important to create new cells?
Answer:
It is important for cells to divide so you can grow and so your cuts heal. It is also
important for cell to stop dividing at the right time. Some cell like skin cell are
constantly dividing.we need to continuously make new skins to replace the skin cells
we lose.
2. List at least 3 reasons why mitosis is important.
Answer:
1.To make more diploid cells. It works by copying each chromosome, and then
separating the copies to different sides of the cell. That way, when the cell divides
down the middle , each new gets it's own copy of each chromosome.
2.have you noticed how a cut on your finger is gradually repaired in a few days? This
is enabled by a process called mitosis. Mitosis is the process responsible for
generation and repair. Mitosis helps in cell growth and development. Cells can grow
old and wear off they can get bruised injured but eventually ,they repair And
generate.
3.Mitosis is also important in organism which is reproduce asexually. This is the only
way that these cells can reproduce. This is the one key process that sustaina
populations of asexual organism. Mitosis allows for some organism to maintain
alternating life stages ( asexual and sexual such as fungi).
3. Is the division of a somatic cell the same with that of a sex cell? Why?
Answer:
Sex cells are specialized cells called gametes. ... The basic difference between the
chromosome count of gametes and other somatic types of cells is that the
gametes have what is referred to as a haploid number of chromosomes, while the
somatic cells have a diploid number.
4. How is the chromosome number of a diploid mother cell maintained b

etween the two daughter cells?
Answer:
Thus in mitosis cell division the two resulting daughter cells always contain the same
number of chromosomes as the parent cell form which they derive thier role is to
maintain the number of chromosomes in each cell division constant enabling us to
grow and self maintain our bodies.
5. Why do gametes (e.g. egg and sperm cells) undergo meiosis prior to fe
rtilization?
6. Answer:
Whereas somatic cells undergo mitosis to proliferate,the germ cell undergo meiosis
to produced haploid gametes(the sperm and the egg). The development of a new
progeny oraganisms is then initiated by the fussion of these gametes fertilization.
Explain how mitosis maintain genetic stability in an organism.
Answer:
Genetic stability- Mitosis helps in the splitting of chromosomes during cell

division and generates two new daughter cells. Therefore the chromosomes form
from the parent chromosomes by copying the exact DNA. ... Thus mitosis helps in
preserving and maintaining the genetic stability of a particular population.
SELF-LEARNING ACTIVITIES
A. Read each statement, then on the line write down the phase of mitosis or
meiosis that the action occurs. IF the action occurs in both, write both.
The first one is done for you
1. metaphase I meiosis homologous chromosome line up in the center of the

cell
2. Metaphase The duplicated chromosomes are split apart.
3. Metaphase spindle fibers separate homologous pairs
4. Meiosis 4 haploid (N) daughter cells form
5. Meiosis cells undergo a round of DNA replication
6. Metaphase Individual chromosomes line up across the middle of
the cell.
7. Meiosis Chromosomes become visible.
8. Metaphase sister chromatids separate from each other
9. Metaphase 2 haploid (N) daughter cells form
10. Meiosis Sister chromatids separate into individual
chromosomes.
11. Meiosis Nuclear envelope re-forms.
12. Metaphase spindle fibers attach to the homologous chromosome
pairs
13. Metaphase individual chromatids move to each end of the cell
14. Meiosis The nucleolus disappears
15. Metaphase Each chromosome is connected to a spindle fiber. On
both sides of the centromere
16. Meiosis crossing-over (if any) occurs
B. Directions: Write one clear sentence using all the words in the set that
demonstrates your understanding of their relationship. Please
underline the words in your sentence.
(Example)
1.spindle, microtubules, centrosome (centriole)
The centrosome (including the centriole in animal cells) produces the spindle
which is made of microtubules
2.duplicated chromosome, sister chromatids, centromere
A sister chromatid refers to the identical copies (chromatids) formed by the DNA
replication of a chromosome, with both copies joined together by a common
centromere. ... The two sister chromatids are separated from each other into two
different cells during mitosis or during the second division of meiosis.
3.haploid, diploid, homologous pairs
Human sperm and eggs,which have only homologous chromosome from each pair,
are said to be haploid. When a sperm and egg fuse,their genetic material combines
to form one complete diploid set of chromosomes
4.mitosis, meiosis, gametes
Gametes are produced by mitosis (not meiosis) and after fertilization a diploid
zygote is created. The single zygote cell never grows or divides my mitosis. It can
only divide by meiosis to produce haploid cells once more, which then produce
the main adult body.
5.cytokinesis, cleavage furrow, cell plate, Telophase
During cytokinesis in animal cells, a ring of actin filaments forms at the

metaphase plate. The ring contracts, forming a cleavage furrow, which divides
the cell in two. ... During telophase, these Golgi vesicles are transported on
microtubules to form a phragmoplast (a vesicular structure) at the metaphase
plate.
6.prophase, spindle, nuclear membrane
During prophase, the nucleus disappears, spindle fibers form, and DNA
condenses into chromosomes ( sister chromatids ).
7.interphase, G1, G2, S
Interphase is composed of G1 phase (cell growth), followed by S phase (DNA

synthesis), followed by G2 phase (cell growth).
8.Centrosome, Spindle, chromosomes
In dividing cells, centrosomes duplicate to form a bipolar mitotic spindle that

separates chromosomal content evenly between two daughter cells. ... One
centrosome consists of two orthogonally positioned cylindrical organelles, called
centrioles that are joined by fibers connecting their proximal ends.
9.mitotic phase, cell cycle, interphase
Interphase is the longest part of the cell cycle. This is when the cell grows and
copies its DNA before moving into mitosis. During mitosis, chromosomes will
align, separate, and move into new daughter cells. The prefix inter- means
between, so interphase takes place between one mitotic (M) phase and the next.
10.Telophase, spindle, nuclear membrane

During telophase, chromosomes arrive at opposite poles and unwind into thin
strands of DNA, the spindle fibers disappear, and the nuclear membrane
reappears.
11.Checkpoints, cell cycle
Cell cycle checkpoints are surveillance mechanisms that monitor the order, integrity, and fidelity of
the major events of the cell cycle

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SOUTHERN LEYTE STATE UNIVERSITY

San Ramon Bontoc, Southern Leyte

Name:Angelica Colis Vasquez Score:

1. Why is it important to create new cells?

2. List at least 3 reasons why mitosis is important.

4. How is the chromosome number of a diploid mother cell maintained b

Explain how mitosis maintain genetic stability in an organism.

Genetic stability- Mitosis helps in the splitting of chromosomes during cell

1. metaphase I meiosis homologous chromosome line up in the center of the

2.duplicated chromosome, sister chromatids, centromere

4.mitosis, meiosis, gametes

5.cytokinesis, cleavage furrow, cell plate, Telophase

During cytokinesis in animal cells, a ring of actin filaments forms at the

6.prophase, spindle, nuclear membrane

7.interphase, G1, G2, S

Interphase is composed of G1 phase (cell growth), followed by S phase (DNA

8.Centrosome, Spindle, chromosomes

In dividing cells, centrosomes duplicate to form a bipolar mitotic spindle that

9.mitotic phase, cell cycle, interphase

10.Telophase, spindle, nuclear membrane

11.Checkpoints, cell cycle

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