Fisika Dasar - Buk Fitriyanti - Kuliah 03 - Gaya

Konsep:
Gaya
Hukum I, II dan III Newton
Kuliah 03
KODE MK: RPE104
Semester Ganjil TA 2022-2023

Kinematics and Dynamics
• Kinematics: Describing object’s motion by
answering: When? Where? How fast? How far?
How long? without asking: Why is object moving in
a certain way?
Kinematics and Dynamics
• Dynamics: Describing object’s motion by answering:
Why is the object moving in a certain way? What
causes the object to changeits velocity?
• Dynamics studies motion on a deeper level than
kinematics: it studies the causes of changes in
objects’ motion!
Dynamics
Describes the relationship between the motion of objects in our everyday world and
the forces acting on them
Force: The measure of interaction between two

objects (pull or push). It is a vector quantity – it has
a magnitude and direction
Mass: The measure of how difficult it is to change
object’s velocity (sluggishness or inertia of the
object)
Mass
The word mass is just as familiar as the word force. A massive
supertanker, for instance, is one that contains an enormous amount of
mass.
Mass is a scalar quantity.
Mass is a measure of the

amount of matter contained in
an object.
Force
oThe measure of
interaction between
two objects (pull or
push)
oVector quantity: has
magnitude and
direction
oMay be a contact
force or a field
force
o Contact forces result from physical contact
between two objects
o Field forces act between disconnected objects
Also called action at a distance
Concept of Force
UNITSand
: Mass
Physical Quantities (PQs)
In common usage, a force is a push or a pull.
Forces can be categorized as;
Gravitational Force
1. Contact forces and
Tension Force
2. Non-Contact forces. Normal Force
Friction Force
Spring Force
Newton's First Law Of Motion
An object continues in a state of rest or in a state of motion
at a constant speed along a straight line, unless compelled
to change that state by a net force.
The net force is the vector sum of all of the forces acting on the object.
o An object at rest remains at rest as long as no net force acts on it

o An object moving with constant velocity continues to move with the same speed and in the
same direction (the same velocity) as long as no net force acts on it
Inertia and Mass
Inertia is the natural tendency of an object to remain at rest or in
motion at a constant speed along a straight line.
The mass of an object is a quantitative measure of inertia.
SI Unit of mass: kilogram (kg)
Application: The Physics of Seat Belts
Net Force
The net force on an object is the vector sum of

all forces acting on that object.
Individual Forces Net Force
4N 10 N
6N
Newton's Second Law of Motion
Newton’s second law is a relationship between acceleration, forces, and mass.
When a net external force acts on an object of mass m, the acceleration a that results is
directly proportional to the net force and has a magnitude that is inversely proportional
to the mass. The direction of the acceleration is the same as the direction of the net
force.
 

a
 F


F  ma
m
SI Unit of Force: : kg · m/s2 = newton (N)
Units
The Vector Nature of Newton's Second Law of Motion
Pushing a Stalled Car

Two people are pushing a stalled car, as the figure indicates. The
mass of the car is 1850 kg. One person applies a force of 275 N to the
car, while the other applies a force of 395 N. Both forces act in the
same direction. A third force of 560 N also acts on the car, but in a
direction opposite to that in which the people are pushing. This force
arises because of friction and the extent to which the pavement
opposes the motion of the tires. Find the acceleration of the car.
Newton's Third Law of Motion
Newton’s Third Law is “For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.”
Newton’s Third Law Force Pairs are sometimes referred to as “Action/Reaction Pairs”.
 
F12   F21
Exercise
Reading
Evaluating Writing
acting
Task
Try to list five more cases of Newton’s third law that you
experience in your daily life.

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Semester Ganjil TA 2022-2023

Force: The measure of interaction between two

Mass is a measure of the

o An object at rest remains at rest as long as no net force acts on it

The net force on an object is the vector sum of

Individual Forces Net Force

Pushing a Stalled Car

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