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    3 - Biotek Tanah Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganism

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    Erwin irawan
    This document outlines the course structure and content for a course on Agricultural Biotechnology. It discusses several key topics that will be covered throughout the semester, including soil biotechnology, plant growth promoting microbes, the isolation and identification of beneficial microorganisms from the rhizosphere, and their potential applications in agriculture. Students will study case studies on using microorganisms for plant growth promotion and bioremediation. They will also complete an individual assignment involving the risks and challenges of using soil microbes in agriculture and a review of recent research on bioremediation.

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    3 - Biotek Tanah Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganism

    Uploaded by

    Erwin irawan
    32 views15 pages
    This document outlines the course structure and content for a course on Agricultural Biotechnology. It discusses several key topics that will be covered throughout the semester, including soil biotechnology, plant growth promoting microbes, the isolation and identification of beneficial microorganisms from the rhizosphere, and their potential applications in agriculture. Students will study case studies on using microorganisms for plant growth promotion and bioremediation. They will also complete an individual assignment involving the risks and challenges of using soil microbes in agriculture and a review of recent research on bioremediation.

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    3_Biotek Tanah Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganism

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    This document outlines the course structure and content for a course on Agricultural Biotechnology. It discusses several key topics that will be covered throughout the semester, including soil biotechnology, plant growth promoting microbes, the isolation and identification of beneficial microorganisms from the rhizosphere, and their potential applications in agriculture. Students will study case studies on using microorganisms for plant growth promotion and bioremediation. They will also complete an individual assignment involving the risks and challenges of using soil microbes in agriculture and a review of recent research on bioremediation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    32 views15 pages

    3 - Biotek Tanah Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganism

    Uploaded by

    Erwin irawan
    This document outlines the course structure and content for a course on Agricultural Biotechnology. It discusses several key topics that will be covered throughout the semester, including soil biotechnology, plant growth promoting microbes, the isolation and identification of beneficial microorganisms from the rhizosphere, and their potential applications in agriculture. Students will study case studies on using microorganisms for plant growth promotion and bioremediation. They will also complete an individual assignment involving the risks and challenges of using soil microbes in agriculture and a review of recent research on bioremediation.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 15

    Mata Kuliah

    Bioteknologi Pertanian (2-0)

    Part 3
    Soil biotechnology:
    Case study on plant growth-
    promoting microbes
    Team teaching:
    Satriyo Restu Adhi, S.P., M.P.
    Dra. Ida Adviany., M.P.
    Program Studi Agroteknologi
    Fakultas Pertanian Uninus
    Tahun 2020

    uninus.ac.id
    Sekuens pembelajaran

    Bioteknologi
    Kontrak perkuliahan: Tanaman: Gen
    UTS UAS
    Pendahuluan isolation, PCR,
    molecular markers

    Ruang lingkup, peran Bioteknologi


    dan perkembangan Tanaman: FGD: Bioteknologi Etika dalam dunia
    bioteknologi bidang micropropagation, Tanaman Bioteknologi
    pertanian tissue culture

    Bioteknologi Tanah: Bioteknologi Perlintan:


    Introduction of Plant FGD: Bioteknologi
    Pupuk Hayati, Biological control for
    Genetic Engineering Perlintan
    PGPR/PGPF plant pathogen

    Bioteknologi Tanah: Bioteknologi Perlintan:


    FGD: Bioteknologi Bioteknologi Perlintan:
    Bioremediasi tanah & Deteksi Variabilitas
    Tanah cases study
    lingkungan Patogen

    uninus.ac.id Created by Satriyo


    uninus.ac.id Created by Satriyo
    Background
    Unsustainable agricultural intensification including intensive
    tillage, imbalanced and excessive use of chemical fertilizers,
    excessive pesticides, etc., have both short and long-term
    adverse impacts on soil microbial diversity and functioning.

    Petani mulai mengeluhkan bahwa tanah mereka menjadi


    padat, keras dan sukar diolah, serangan hama dan penyakit
    meningkat, serta pencemaran lingkungan oleh pupuk dan
    pestisida semakin nyata di beberapa tempat. Demikian juga
    organisme tanah tertentu seperti cacing tanah di beberapa
    lokasi tidak lagi terlihat, erosi tanah meningkat dan produksi
    tanaman menurun (Chaniago, 2016).

    uninus.ac.id Created by Satriyo


    Soil biotechnology, which can be defined as the
    study and manipulation of soil micro-organisms and
    their metabolic processes to optimize crop productivity.

    Bioteknologi tanah (soil biotechnology) adalah teknologi


    yang memanfaatkan organisme tanah (makro, meso,
    dan mikrobiota) untuk berbagai keperluan seperti
    perbaikan sifat tanah guna memperbaiki pertumbuhan dan
    meningkatkan produksi tanaman serta memperbaiki
    kesehatan tanah (soil bioremediation).

    (Chaniago, 2016).

    uninus.ac.id Created by Satriyo


    Soil is by far the most biologically diverse part of the Earth. Soil
    biodiversity reflects the mix of living organisms in the soil. These
    organisms interact with one another and with plants and small
    animals, forming a web of biological activity. The soil food web
    includes earthworms, spiders, ants, beetles, collembolans, mites,
    nematodes, fungi, bacteria and other organisms.

    Soils are the habitat of diverse


    communities of microorganisms with
    about 10000 to 50000 species present in
    one gram of soil (Schloss & Handlessman,
    2006)

    Global Soil Biodiversity, 2015

    uninus.ac.id Created by Satriyo


    Peran umum organisme pada tanah
    The role of macrofauna includes:
    • Direct processing of organic matter (e.g. snails, earthworms,
    enchytraeids, millipedes, ants, and termites). Earthworms can
    improve the incorporation of organic matter below the soil surface,
    increase the numbers of water stable soil aggregates, improve
    water infiltration, aeration and root penetration and increase
    microbial activity;
    • Predation (e.g. spiders, ants);
    • Creation of soil structure (e.g. earthworms, termites);

    The micro- and mesofauna (protozoa, nematodes, collembola, and


    mites) are important regulators of the bacterial and fungal activities.
    They predate on these organisms (and on each other) and are involved
    in the decomposition of organic matter. Soil nematodes occupy an
    important position in the soil detritus food web and are thus significant
    regulators of decomposition and nutrient mineralisation.

    uninus.ac.id Created by Satriyo


    Soil microorganisms perform a wide range of functions:
    they decompose organic matter, release nutrients into plant-available
    forms and degrade toxic residues, they also form symbiotic
    associations with plant roots, act as antagonists to pathogens,
    influence the weathering and solubilisation of minerals and contribute
    to soil structure and aggregation (Breure, 2004)

    uninus.ac.id Created by Satriyo


    Bagaimana mendapatkan mikroorganisme
    bermanfaat untuk tanaman?

    Pembuatan
    Identifikasi
    • Rhizosfer, rhizoplan, • Uji kompatibilitas formulasi
    endofit, tanah pada tanaman
    gambut, tanah salin, • Karakteristik • Bioassay • Daya simpan,
    dll. morfologi, viabilitas, aplikasi
    mikroskopis, jenis • Uji mekanisme
    genus/spesies

    Seleksi & uji


    Eksplorasi
    penapisan

    uninus.ac.id Created by Satriyo


    Diagram Rizosfer Tanaman
    Source : Hyrnkiwiecz & Baum, 2012

    uninus.ac.id Created by Satriyo


    Eksplorasi
    Serial dillution

    Bioassay

    Identifikasi

    uninus.ac.id Created by Satriyo


    uninus.ac.id Created by Satriyo
    Studi Kasus

    uninus.ac.id Created by Satriyo


    Aplikasi terapan sederhana

    Kohe kambing Kohe ayam Kohe kelelawar

    bahan organik tanah ini disebut sebagai nyawanya tanah


    (organic matter is a soul of soil).

    uninus.ac.id Created by Satriyo


    Tugas Individu
    1. Jelaskan kekurangan, resiko dan tantangan aplikasi
    penggunaan mikroorganisme tanah dalam
    meningkatkan hasil pertanian.
    2. Cari artikel ilmiah/jurnal hasil penelitian 5 tahun
    terakhir yang membahas mengenai bioremediasi
    tanah, setelah itu rangkum beberapa hal penting.

    • Tugas ditulis dalam kertas A4, format PDF


    • Tulis daftar pustaka (pustaka primer/jurnal/artikel ilmiah),
    khusus untuk soal nomor 2 lampirkan juga
    jurnal/artikelnya.
    • Pengumpulan via google classroom.

    uninus.ac.id Created by Satriyo

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