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GEE4 Chapter 8

The document discusses global poverty trends and health inequality. It notes that in 2021, approximately 698 million people lived in extreme poverty, defined as less than $1.90 per day. Between 2019-2020, poverty increased by around 50 million people due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Causes of poverty include inequality, lack of education, conflict, and lack of access to resources. Solutions proposed include achieving the UN's Sustainable Development Goals of ending poverty by 2030 through education, equity, resilience, climate justice, and investments. The document also examines health inequality, noting statistics showing the developing world faces higher mortality rates. Causes of health inequality include poor income, inadequate housing, discrimination, and lack of infrastructure,

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61 views

GEE4 Chapter 8

The document discusses global poverty trends and health inequality. It notes that in 2021, approximately 698 million people lived in extreme poverty, defined as less than $1.90 per day. Between 2019-2020, poverty increased by around 50 million people due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Causes of poverty include inequality, lack of education, conflict, and lack of access to resources. Solutions proposed include achieving the UN's Sustainable Development Goals of ending poverty by 2030 through education, equity, resilience, climate justice, and investments. The document also examines health inequality, noting statistics showing the developing world faces higher mortality rates. Causes of health inequality include poor income, inadequate housing, discrimination, and lack of infrastructure,

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radivals
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Global Issues and

Inequalities: Social
and Economic
Justice
Lesson IV-B
Poverty
Global poverty is defined as the number of people
worldwide who live on less than $2.15 a day. A person
surviving on less than $2.15 a day lives in extreme
poverty, as defined by the World Bank.
Global Poverty Trends
In 2021 an estimated 698 million people, or 9% of the global population, are living in extreme
poverty – that is, living on less than $1.90 a day. Over one-fifth of the global population live
below the higher $3.20 poverty line (1.8 Billion people), and over two-fifths (3.2 people) live
below $5.50 a day.
Between 2019 and 2020, the number of people living in extreme poverty increased by an
estimated 50 million due to the Covid-19 pandemic and resulting global economic downturn.
This follows decades of impressive poverty reduction. An estimated 1.1 billion people, or 16% of
the global population, lived in extreme poverty in 2010 and almost two billion in 1990.
Poverty incidence in the Philippines, recorded at 18.1 percent of the population in 2021, is
projected to ease to 17.1 percent this year thanks to recovering labor market indicators,
according to the World Bank (WB).
What does it mean to live in poverty?
To live in poverty is to lack the resources required to meet basic needs.
One way to measure poverty is to consider a person’s economic
resources.
People living in poverty are among the most vulnerable in society: as well
as a lack of resources, the poorest families on average also see higher
infant mortality, higher stunting in children and lower educational
attainment.
Causes of Poverty
Inequality and Marginalization Lack of Education
Conflict Poor Public Infrastructure
Hunger Lack of Government Support
Poor Healthcare Systems Lack of Jobs
Little Access to Clean Water Lack of Reserves
Climate Change
Solutions to Poverty
Ending poverty in all its forms is the first of the 17 Sustainable Development
Goals (SDGs) of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
The SDGs’ main reference to combatting poverty is made in target 1.A:
“Ensure significant mobilization of resources from a variety of sources,
including through enhanced development cooperation, in order to provide
adequate and predictable means for developing countries, in particular
least developed countries, to implement programmes and policies to end
poverty in all its dimensions.”
Solutions to Poverty
Eliminating Poverty Through Equity
Reducing Poverty with Resilience
Climate Solutions and Climate Justice
Education
Ending Hunger
Advocating Peace
Promoting Invesments
Health Inequality
Health inequalities are the unjust and avoidable differences in people’s
health across the population and between specific population groups. The
more commonly used term “inequality” has been adopted throughout this
website to describe unjust differences.
Health inequalities go against the principles of social justice because they
are avoidable. They do not occur randomly or by chance. They are socially
determined by circumstances largely beyond an individual’s control. These
circumstances disadvantage people and limit their chance to live longer,
healthier lives.
Health Inequality Statistics
Children from the poorest 20% households are nearly twice as likely to die
before their 5th birthday as children in the richest 20%.
Developing countries account for 99% of annual maternal deaths in the world.
Around 95% of TB deaths are in the developing world.
87% of premature deaths due to noncommunicable diseases occur in low- and
middle-income countries
In low-income countries, the average life expectancy is 62 years, while in high-
income countries, it is 81 years.
Before age 5 child mortality in the Philippines is 20% higher for the Urban poor.
Causes of Health Inequality
Causes of Health Inequality
Poor Income
Inadequate Housing
Types of Employment
Discrimination
Poor Health Infrastructure
Potential Solutions to Health Inequality
Raising Awareness Among Health Care Providers
Increasing Health Literacy in Affected Communities
Advancing Health Equity
Providing More Resources

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