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    Epipedons

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    Mostofa Wasif Ador
    The document discusses the purpose and classification of soil taxonomy. It aims to 1) organize soil knowledge, 2) understand relationships between soils, and 3) establish groups for practical uses like predicting behavior and estimating productivity. Soils are divided into six categories based on diagnostic characteristics, from orders down to series. Key diagnostic horizons and properties used to classify soils are also described, such as mollic, histic, and ochric epipedons.

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    Epipedons

    Uploaded by

    Mostofa Wasif Ador
    42 views32 pages
    The document discusses the purpose and classification of soil taxonomy. It aims to 1) organize soil knowledge, 2) understand relationships between soils, and 3) establish groups for practical uses like predicting behavior and estimating productivity. Soils are divided into six categories based on diagnostic characteristics, from orders down to series. Key diagnostic horizons and properties used to classify soils are also described, such as mollic, histic, and ochric epipedons.

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    Soil diagnostic horizons

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    The document discusses the purpose and classification of soil taxonomy. It aims to 1) organize soil knowledge, 2) understand relationships between soils, and 3) establish groups for practical uses like predicting behavior and estimating productivity. Soils are divided into six categories based on diagnostic characteristics, from orders down to series. Key diagnostic horizons and properties used to classify soils are also described, such as mollic, histic, and ochric epipedons.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    42 views32 pages

    Epipedons

    Uploaded by

    Mostofa Wasif Ador
    The document discusses the purpose and classification of soil taxonomy. It aims to 1) organize soil knowledge, 2) understand relationships between soils, and 3) establish groups for practical uses like predicting behavior and estimating productivity. Soils are divided into six categories based on diagnostic characteristics, from orders down to series. Key diagnostic horizons and properties used to classify soils are also described, such as mollic, histic, and ochric epipedons.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 32

    Soil Taxonomy - Purpose

    ◆ 1. Organize knowledge about soils


    ◆ 2. Understand relationships among
    different soils
    ◆ 3. Establish groups or classes for practical
    purposes.
    • a. predicting behavior
    • b. identifying best uses
    • c. estimating productivity
    • d. extending research results
    ◆ Soils are divided into six distinct
    categories based on diagnostic
    characteristics
    Category:
    1) Orders (12)
    Suborders (54)
    2) Great Groups (211)
    3) Subgroups
    4) Family
    5) Series

    Example:

    Fine-loamy mixed, superactive, mesic Aquic


    Argiudolls
    Diagnostics Horizons
    Surface (Epipedon) Subsurface (Endopedon)
    ◆ Agric
    ◆ Mollic ◆ Natric
    ◆ Albic
    ◆ Umbric ◆ Ortstein
    ◆ Argillic
    ◆ Histic ◆ Oxic
    ◆ Calcic
    ◆ Melanic ◆ Petrocalcic
    ◆ Cambic
    ◆ Ochric ◆ Petrogypsic
    ◆ Duripan
    ◆ Anthroic ◆ Placic
    ◆ Fragipan
    ◆ Folistic ◆ Salic
    ◆ Glossic
    ◆ Plaggen ◆ Sombric
    ◆ Gypsic
    ◆ Spodic
    ◆ Kandic
    Epipedons
    ◆ Traditionally A Horizon but A2 or E if at
    the surface
    ◆ It extends to plowing depth. If shallower
    than plowing depth then plowing depth is
    epipedon
    ◆ The surface layer of recent alluvium still
    have stratification is not considered as
    epipedon
    ◆ The properties of epipedon should be
    determined after the surface soil mixed to
    a depth of 18 cm
    Stratification in Entisols
    MOLLIC (mollis-Latin for soft)
    1.When dry Structural units are moderately hard
    or softer rupture-resistance class

    2. Base saturation (by NH4OAc) of 50% or more

    3. Organic-carbon content of:


    a. 2.5% or more if the epipedon has a color
    value, moist, of 4 or 5; or
    b. 0.6 percent more than that of the C horizon (if
    one occurs) if the mollic epipedon has a color
    value less than 1 Munsell unit lower or chroma
    less than 2 units lower (both moist and dry)
    than the C horizon; or
    c. 0.6 percent or more
    4. Depth : 25 cm if:
    Texture of the epipedon is loamy fine sand
    or coarser throughout; or
    10 cm if : the epipedon is finer than loamy
    fine sand (when mixed) and it is directly
    above a densic, lithic, or paralithic contact,
    a petrocalcic horizon, or a duripan
    18 to 25 cm and the thickness

    6. Phosphate Content less than 1,500 mg/kg


    by citric-acid extraction; or

    7. The n value is less than 0.7.


    n value characterizes the relation between
    %water in a soil under field conditions
    & %clay and humus.
    n value is helpful in predicting whether a soil can
    be grazed by livestock or can support other loads
    and in predicting what degree of subsidence would
    occur after drainage.
    For mineral soil materials the n value can be
    calculated by the following formula:
    n = (A - 0.2R)/(L + 3H)
    HISTIC (Histos- Greek for tissue)
    Histosols of Bangladesh
    Ochric Epipedon
    Designation of Epipedons
    Soil Color
    • Hue - mixture of primary colors (red,
    yellow, blue)
    • Value - how light or dark the soil is, scale
    from black (0) to white (10)
    • Chroma - intensity of the color, how much
    pigment is added

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