Dome

Design of reinforced concrete slabs Design of Dome
DESIGN OF DOME
BY
ENG. KAID AHMD ALI KAID
TEL:733843999
Design of Dome:-
General :-
(The design is carried out by using the method of working stress).
Domes may be defined as a thin shell generated by the revolution of a regular curve
about one of its axes.
The shape of dome depends upon the type of the curve and the direction of axis of
revolution
Domes are used in variety of structures, such as:-
(i) Roof of circular areas. (ii) Circular tank.
(iii) Hangers. (iv) Bottom of tanks, bins, and bunkers
(v) Exhibition halls, auditoriums and planetariums.
Domes may be constructed of masonry, steel, timber, and reinforced cement concrete;
here in our project we take reinforced cement concrete type.
There are many types of shell and we denote one of these types:-
1) Cylindrical shells. 2) Domes.
3) Rotational (Hyperboloid). 4) Folded plates.
The force acting on the dome is of tow types: one force acts in horizontal plan and it is
called a circumferential force or hoop force (T), it may be compression or tension and
the other force acting tangentially to the surface of the dome and it is also called
meridional thrust (H).
It always compression.
By (2.5.1.)
Fig. eng.Both
KaidForces
ahmed ali kaid
Compressive Fig.Tel: 733843999
(2.5.2.) One Force Tension
and Other compression
-Hoop force,
T= Rw {– 1+ cos + cos2 / (1+cos)} – P/ (2 πRsin2)

Due to load of the dome: - T = Rw {– 1+ cos + cos 2/ (1+cos)}
Due to concentrated load at crown: - T = P/ (2 πRsin2)
-Meridional thrust,
H = Rw/ (1+cos) + P/ (2 πRsin2)

Due to load of the dome: - T = Rw/ (1+cos)
Due to concentrated load at crown: - T = P/ (2 πRsin2)
Where:-
R: - radius of dome. w: - load of surface of dome.
P: - concentrated load at crown. H: - meridional thrust.
T: - hoop force. f: - rise of dome.
Diameter of dome, D = L= 4.30 m, fy = 250 N/mm2
Assume thickness of dome (t = 100 mm), and rise of dome, f = 1.80 m
Assume live load on the dome, Q k = 0.75 KN/m2
And finishing load on the dome, f. L. = 0.50 KN/m2
Assume concentrated load at crown (lantern), P = 2 Fig. KN(2.5.3.) section of the dome
Computation of Load:-
-Due to self weight:-
= 0.1 * 24 = 2.4 KN/m2
-Due to finishing: - = 0. 50 KN/m2
-Live load: - = 0.75 KN/m2
Total load Gk "w" = 3.65 KN/m2
Design of Reinforcement:-
Radius of dome is equal to: -
R= (L2 + 4f2)/ 8f = 2.18 m
To find the final angle for the design of dome in our project by this law: -
 = sin-1{L/2R} »»»»»»»» = sin-1{L/2R} = 80.484º
By eng. Kaid ahmed ali kaid Tel: 733843999

-Hoop force:-
T = Rw {– 1+ cos + cos 2 / (1+cos)} – P/ (2 πRsin2)
= (2.18 * 3.65 * 1000) * {– 1+ cos + cos 2 / (1+cos)}
– 2 * 1000/ (2 * π * 2.18 * sin2)
= 7957 *{– 1+ cos + cos 2 / (1+cos)} – 146/ (sin2) »»»»»»»» (1)
-Meridional thrust:-
H = Rw/ (1+cos) + P/ (2 πRsin2)
= (2.18 * 3.65 * 1000)/ (1+cos) + 2 * 1000/ (2 * π * 2.18 * sin2)
= 7957/ (1+cos) + 146/ (sin2) »»»»»»»» (2)
Fig. (2.5.4.) Form of Hoop comp. Fig. (2.5.5.) Form of Merid. Comp.
The value of hoop stress and meridional stress for various values of (Ø) are tabular in
table (2.5.1), from (1), and (2), we get:-
Meridional Thrust Hoop Force

 (N) (N)
10º 8850.8 -1014.7

20º 5350.3 2126.84
30º 4848.14 2042.82
40º 4858.91 1236.51

50º 5092.4 22.27

60º 5499.33 -1520.83
70º 6094.46 -3373
80º 6930.25 -5548.54
80.484º 6978.25 -5662.78
Thus we see that the:-

-Maximum hoop tension = 5662.78 N
-Maximum hoop compression = 2126.84 N
-Maximum meridional compression = 8850.8 N
Now we take the maximum value of the meridional compression for check the
permissible stress:-
Max. Comp. stress = H / area
= 8850.8/ (100 * 1000) = 0.088 N/mm2 < 6 N/mm2
Then the dome will design for maximum hoop tension:-
Area of steel of hoop tension = T / (0.55 * fy )
= 5662.78/ (0.55 * 250) = 41.184 mm2
Fig. (2.5.6.) Form of Hoop tension

Ast min = 0.15 b h / 100 = (0.15 * 1000 * 100)/ 100 = 150 mm2
Ast prov. = 201 mm2 (8 mm  250 mm c/c) in both ways.
Placement of Main Reinforcement in Dome:-
A minimum reinforcement of 0.20% of area is provided in both direction of

latitude, hence from practical consideration the meridional reinforcement is stopped at
any latitude circle near crown, and separated mesh is provided, see Fig. (2.5.7).
Ast req = (0.20 * 1000 * 100)/ 100 = 200 mm2
Ast prov. = 201 mm2, (8 mm  250 mm c/c) in both ways.
Fig (2.5.7) From Of Mesh

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Design of reinforced concrete slabs Design of Dome

T= Rw {– 1+ cos + cos2 / (1+cos)} – P/ (2 πRsin2)

H = Rw/ (1+cos) + P/ (2 πRsin2)

By eng. Kaid ahmed ali kaid Tel: 733843999

Meridional Thrust Hoop Force

10º 8850.8 -1014.7

By eng. Kaid ahmed ali kaid Tel: 733843999

50º 5092.4 22.27

Thus we see that the:-

By eng. Kaid ahmed ali kaid Tel: 733843999

Placement of Main Reinforcement in Dome:-

A minimum reinforcement of 0.20% of area is provided in both direction of

Fig (2.5.7) From Of Mesh

By eng. Kaid ahmed ali kaid Tel: 733843999

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