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CHAPTER l
1.1 INTRODUCTION
1.2 INTRODUCTION:
A wide range of metals can be forged. Typical metals used in forging include carbon
steel, alloy steel, and stainless steel. Very soft metals such as aluminum, brass, and
copper can also be forged. The forging process can produce parts with superb mechanical
properties with minimum waste. The basic concept is that the original metal is plastically
deformed to the desired geometric shape—giving it higher fatigue resistance and strength. The
process is economically sound with the ability to mass produce parts, and achieve specific
mechanical properties in the finished product.Metal shaped by forging machine
Forging has been practiced by smiths for thousands of years. At first, bronze and copper
were the most common forged metals, in the Bronze Age: later, as the ability to control
temperature and the process of smelting iron was discovered, iron became the primary forged
metal. Traditional products include kitchenware, hardware, hand tools, and edged weapons.
The Industrial Revolution allowed forging to become a more efficient, mass-production process.
Since then, forging has evolved along with advances in equipment, robotics, electronic controls,
and automation. Forging is now a worldwide industry with modern forging facilities producing
high-quality metal parts in a vast array of sizes, shapes, materials, and finishes.
1.1.1 INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY:
Internship training is exercise for the students who are undergoing MBA
program. The objective of the study is to make the student familiar to the current
industrial scenario. It provides the student with the first-hand idea on the general
working of an organization. The student gets an environment where they can actualize
the knowledge has acquired in the curriculum. The exercise is an opportunity for the
student to understand the organizational structure, the major department, flow of
information and various other functions in an organization.
1.3.4 VISION:
To represent the world centre of excellence in the forge industry. All the goals that
Top Management achieve at an economic and social level aim to pursue this vision, also
exploiting the ideals and values that characterise the company.
1.3.7 PRODUCT :
• Passenger car
• Commercial vehicles
• Agriculture
• High pressure values
Commercial vehicles
In press forging, the main forming factor is compression. The metal sits on a stationary
die while a compression die applies continuous pressure, achieving the desired shape.
The metal's contact time with the dies is considerably longer than other types of forging,
but the forging process benefits from being able to simultaneously deform the entire
product, as opposed to a localized section. Another benefit of press forging is the ability
of the manufacturer to monitor and control the specific compression rate. Applications of
press forging are numerous, as there are relatively no limits to the size of product that
can be created. Press forging can be hot or cold forged.
ROLL FORGING PROCESS
Roll forging is the process of increasing rods or wires in length. The manufacturer
places heated metal bars between two cylindrical rolls with grooves, which rotate and
apply progressive pressure to shape the metal. The precisely shaped geometry of these
grooves forges the metal part to the desired shape. The benefits of this forging method
include the elimination of flashing and a favorable grain structure. While roll forging uses
rolls to produce parts and components, it is still considered a metal forging process and
not a rolling process. Roll forging is frequently used to make parts for the automotive
industry. It is also used to forge things like knives and hand tools.
Upset forging is a forging process that increases the diameter of the metal
through compression. Crank presses, a particular high-speed machine, are used in
upset forging processes. Crank presses are characteristically set on a horizontal plane
to improve efficiency and the quick metal exchange from one station to the next. Vertical
crank presses or hydraulic presses are also used. The advantages of this process are
that it enables a high production rate of up to 4500 parts per hour and full automation is
possible. It also produces little to no waste
Isothermal forging is a forging process where the materials and the die are heated
to the same temperature. The name comes from “iso” which means "equal." This
forging method is commonly used for forging aluminium, which has a lower forging
temperature than other metals such as steel. Forging temperatures for aluminum are
around 430 °C, while steels and super alloys can be 930 to 1,260 °C. The benefits are8
the near net shapes lead to lower machining requirements and, therefore, lower scrap
rates, and the metal part is highly reproducible. Another advantage is that smaller
machines can be used to make the forging due to the lower heat loss. A few
disadvantages are the higher die material costs to handle temperatures and pressures
and the required uniform heating systems. It also has a low production rate.
HOT FORGING
COLD FORGING
Cold forging typically refers to forging a metal at room temperature, though any
below recrystallization is possible. Many metals, such as steel high in carbon, are
simply too strong for cold forging. Despite this hindrance, cold forging does edge out its
warmer equivalent when it comes to standards of dimensional control, product
uniformity, surface finish, and contamination. Cold forging encompasses numerous
forging techniques, including bending, extruding, cold drawing, coining, and cold
heading. However, this increased versatility comes at a cost, because cold forging
requires more powerful equipment and may call for thees use of intermediate an
nuneals.
Chapter II
CHAPTER ll
Functional Areas
areas. Each of these functional areas will have specific tasks to complete. The main
1.RESEARCH
In the research stage, marketers uncover consumer behaviours and
practices. The goal is to figure out who will buy what and when. For example, a
find out if there is still a market for them. When adding a new product, marketers
draw on their research to plan for how they can bring something new to what's
3.DISTRIBUTION
Distribution is all about the selling of the products. A lot of work goes into
deciding on pricing, where to sell it, how many items need manufacturing and how
many varieties there are. For example, going back to the new pair of boots - the
the people in it. Depending on the size and structure of the company, there might
handles recruitment, overseeing day-to-day activity, providing sign off for plans
marketing activities can vary widely, companies often run the risk of
department will most likely include, but aren’t limited to, the following:
marketing officer or the vice president for marketing, will work with
senior marketing staff to set the marketing strategy for the company.
the marketing team who will carry out the relevant tasks.
ORGANIZING MARKET RESEARCH:
marketing team conduct surveys and analyze industry data to ascertain which
segments of the market should be targeted. Market research can also involve
responsible for analyzing this information and making market decisions based
upon it.
market, potential customer base, and competitor offerings, they often assist
to inform product designers about gaps in the market and will be able to relay
responsibilities.
everything they do affects other parts of the company. One of the key
teams in order to ensure these areas are prepared for the marketing activity
they plan and execute. This might mean prepping the distribution team ahead
• Disciplinary actions
• Company policies
1.ADMINISTRATION
The role of HR administration is wide because it’s all about developing and
sure the company has enough employees to run the business, and they develop
and implement recruiting procedures to ensure they hire the right peoduties
researches and develops health and safety procedures in compliance with laws
and regulations. The department can offer health and safety training to employees
company’s employees to ensure their education and skills are current. Whether it’s
capital and the right people with the right skills to be productive and accomplish
its objective.
Here is how it approaches different areas of employment:
HIRING:
Must be done by specialists to ensure great hires that will fit in the company
This includes filling out paperwork and preparing new hires for success by
Fairness and consistency are crucial, and the organization must answer its
employees’ needs. If some of the staff have specialized skills and require more benefits
to stay involved in their positions, HR provides them. It’s in the best interest of the
Communication:
BUSINESS UNDERSTANDING:
goals.
ETHICS:
importance and strategies. It must also commit to continuous learning to stay updated.
This unit manages payroll, payroll tax administration and benefits administration.
company tries to hire the right candidate. They organize wages, insurance,
holidays and other perks for employees. Human resources personnel aim to meet
Co-ordination
People skill
Tech - savy
Organizational abilities refer to the ability of the operations manager to focus on
different projects without getting distracted by the many processes. The operations
manager should be able to plan, execute, and monitor each project to the end
If a manager is not organized, uncompleted tasks will pile up, important documents
will get lost in the process, and a majority of the time will be spent finding lost
documents that could be easily accessible had the manager been organized. Good
organization skills can increase production efficiency and help the manager save
time.
COORDINATION
integrate resources, activities, and time to ensure proper use of the resources
out specific activities simultaneously and switching between the activities with ease.
It also involves dealing with interruptions, obstacles, and crises, and efficiently
PEOPLE SKILLS
people. This means that they must know how to relate with the employees, outside
should know how to manage the fine lines with other colleagues by knowing how to
Tech-savvy
In this age of rapidly advancing technologies, an operations manager needs to
have an affinity for technology in order to be in a position to design processes that
are both efficient and tech-compliant. Modern organizations are becoming
increasingly tech-dependent in order to gain a competitive advantage in the
market.
Operations management is a field of business that involves managing the
• Product design
• Forecasting
• Delivery management
PRODUCTD
creating a product that will be sold to the end consumer. It involves
generating new ideas or expanding on current ideas in a process that will lead to
ensure that the products sold to consumers meet their needs, as well as casting
involving making predictions of events that will occur in the future based on past
data. One of the events that the operations manager is required to predict is the
DELIVERY MANAGEMENT
manager ensures that the goods are delivered to the consumer in a timely manner.
They must follow up with consumers to ensure that the goods delivered are what
the consumers ordered and that they meet their functionality needs.
features of the product, the operations manager receives the feedback and
hierarchy, with the accounting manager being the topmost in the ranks.
2.Auditor:
The auditor's primary role is to evaluate the documents prepared by the rest
of the teams and authenticate their accuracy. They identify all insufficiencies and
3.Budget analyst:
The budget analyst is skilled in preparing and maintaining a balanced
budget throughout the year. They plan for the future financial responsibilities
of the business.
4.Finance controller:
Also referred to as comptroller, they oversee the activities performed by
other finance roles, such as auditing and accounting. The finance controller
audits and prepares financial reports on tax compliance and risk management,
5.Finance administrator:
The finance administrator helps plan and verify business documents for
completeness. They also manage cash flows, prepare budgets and present reports
6.Payroll officer:
taxation, commissions and any other benefit for timely and accurate payment.
7.ANALYST:
A treasury analyst analyzes the transaction and investment accounts to
evaluate expenses and advise management on how they can best minimize costs.
but each job comes with its own requirements. Five skills you need to
pay off liabilities using available assets and other methods. Problem-
2.Communication skill
and work with others within and outside the department. It is important
informed.
3.Analytical skills: .
4.Detail-oriented:
mistakes in calculations.
5.Persuasiveness:
3.1TALENT ACCQUIRED :
• Experienced Promoters
• Efficiency
3.1.2 WEAKNESS
• Lack of marketing strategies
• Lack of benefits and reward for the employee
• Overdependence on the automobile industry
• No competitive capabilities
• Too much of raw material cost
•
3.1.3OPPORTUNITIES
Merger companies
• Purchasing power
• Increase demand for hybrid electric vehicles
• Expand production capacity
3.1.4 THREATS
• Emerging competition
• Change of government
• Production cost
• Labour cost
• Technology advancement
Chapter lV
CHAPTER IV
FINDINGS AND SUGGESTIONS
4.1 FINDINGS
Following are the finding and suggestion observed during the internship
Reason to outcome are mostly to
• Reduce cost
• Cover expanded geographic market
• Improve customer service
Problems mostly related to
• Service level are not met
• Cost increases
Function mostly included are logistics, finance, manufacturing,
procurement, marketing.
Organisation follow are identified outsourcing steps the most important being
• Analyse current cost and performance
• Manage new relationship
• Manage change
4.2 SUGGESTIONS
• Take our company into globalisation
• Know which type you want
• Choose a company the delivers on -time
• Get quality forging at ferralloy
• Reward to employee for efficient performanceLook for improve market
strategies
• Control Material consumption
Chapter V
CONCLUSION
Define what skills and knowledge I have to improve in the coming time. It
would be better that the Knowledge level of the language is sufficient to contribute
fully to projects. After my master I think that I Could start my working career.
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• www.mmforgings.com
• WWW.WIKIPEDIA.COM