Engines, Motors, and Mobility (ME F317) : BITS Pilani

Engines, Motors, and
Mobility
[ME F317]
BITS Pilani Dr. Saket Verma
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Pilani Campus
BITS Pilani
Pilani Campus
Tutorial No.: 2
Engine Performance Parameters
ENGINE PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS
The engine performance parameters are:
(i) Indicated thermal efficiency (ηith) (viii) Specific power output (Ps)
{A = Piston Area}
(ii) Brake thermal efficiency (ηbth) (ix) Specific fuel consumption (sfc)
(iii) Mechanical efficiency (ηm) (x) Fuel-air or air-fuel ratio (F/A or A/F)
(iv) Volumetric efficiency (ηv) (xi) Calorific value of the fuel (CV )
(v) Relative efficiency or Efficiency ratio (ηrel)
(vi) Mean effective pressure (pm) 3

Practice problems
Q1: A four-stroke CI engine having a cylinder diameter of 39 cm and stroke of 28

cm has a mechanical efficiency of 80%. Assume the frictional power as 80 kW.
Its fuel consumption is 86 kg/h with an air-fuel ratio of 18:1. The speed of the
engine is 2000 rpm. Calculate
(i) indicated power (Pi)
(ii) if indicated thermal efficiency (ηith) is 40%, calculate the calorific value of the
fuel used
(iii) Indicated mean effective pressure (Pimep)
(iv) Air flow rate (ma/hour)
(v) mean piston speed (Up).
BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus

Practice problems
Q2: The following observations were recorded during a trial of a four-stroke,

single-cylinder oil engine. Duration of trial is 30 min; oil consumption is
4 litres; calorific value of the oil is 43 MJ/kg; specific gravity of the fuel
= 0.8; average area of the indicator diagram = 8.5 cm2; Length of the
indicator diagram = 8.5 cm; spring constant = 5.5 bar/cm; brake load
= 150 kg; spring balance reading = 20 kg; effective brake wheel diameter = 1.5
m; speed = 200 rpm; cylinder diameter = 30 cm; stroke = 45
cm; Calculate
(i) indicated power
(ii) brake power
(iii) mechanical efficiency
(iv) brake specific fuel consumption in kg/kW h
(v) indicated thermal efficiency
BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus

Q1: A four-stroke CI engine having a cylinder diameter of 39 cm and
stroke of 28 cm has a mechanical efficiency of 80%. Assume the
frictional power as 80 kW. Its fuel consumption is 86 kg/h with an air-
fuel ratio of 18:1. The speed of the engine is 2000 rpm. Calculate
(i) indicated power (Pi)
(ii) if indicated thermal efficiency (ηith) is 40%, calculate the calorific
value of the fuel used
(iii) Indicated mean effective pressure (Pimep)
(iv) Air flow rate (ma/hour)
(v) mean piston speed (Up).
Solution:
Given data
B = 0.39 cm Ƞm = 80 % ṁf = 86 kg/hr Ƞith = 40 %
L = 0.28 cm Pf = 80 kw A/F = 18:1 N = 2000 rpm
i. Indicated Power (PI) =

Ƞm = BP
IP
= 𝐼𝑃−FP
IP
=1− FP
IP
80
0.8 = 1 − IP
IP = 400 Kw
ii. Calorific Value (CV) =
IP
Ƞith = ṁf × CV
400
0.4 = 86
× CV
3600
CV = 41860.46 KJ/Kg
iii. Indicated mean effective pressure (PIMEP) =
N
Pi = PIMEP × 60 × Vs
2
{ Vs = π4 × 0.392 ×0.28=0.03345 m3⁄cycle }
400 = PIMEP × 2000

60
× 0.03345
2
400 ×60 ×2
PIMEP = 2000 ×0.03345
= 𝟕𝟏𝟕. 𝟒𝟗 𝐊𝐏𝐚
iv. Air Flow Rate (ṁa) =
ṁa
A/F = ṁf
= 18
ṁa = 18 × 86 = 1548 kg/hr

v. Mean Piston Speed (v̅P) =
v̅P = 2LN
60
= 2 ×0.2860×2000 = 18.7 𝐦⁄𝐬
Q2: The following observations were recorded during a trial of a four-stroke, single-cylinder oil
engine. Duration of trial is 30 min; oil consumption is 4 litres; calorific value of the oil is 43 MJ/kg;
specific gravity of the fuel = 0.8; average area of the indicator diagram = 8.5 cm2; Length of the
indicator diagram = 8.5 cm; spring constant = 5.5 bar/cm; brake load = 150 kg; spring balance
reading = 20 kg; effective brake wheel diameter = 1.5 m; speed = 200 rpm; cylinder diameter = 30
cm; stroke = 45 cm; Calculate
(i) indicated power
(ii) brake power
(iii) mechanical efficiency
(iv) brake specific fuel consumption in kg/kW h
(v) indicated thermal efficiency
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚

𝑝𝑖𝑚 = × 𝑆𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡
𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚
8.5
= 8.5
× 5.5
= 𝟓. 𝟓 𝐛𝐚𝐫
(i)
𝑝𝑖𝑚 𝐿𝐴𝑛
𝑖𝑝 =
60000
𝜋 200
5.5 × 105 ×0.45 × × 0.32 ×
4 2
= 60000
= 29.16 kW
(ii)
2𝜋𝑁𝑊𝑅 𝜋𝑁𝑊𝑑
𝑏𝑝 = =
60000 60000
𝜋×200×(150−20)×9.81×1.5
=
60000
= 20.03 kW
(iii)
20.03
𝑛𝑚 = × 100
29.16
= 68.7 %
4 × 60 × 10−3 × 800
𝑚̇𝑓 =
30
= 6.4 kg/h
(iv)
6.4
𝑏𝑠𝑓𝑐 =
20.03
= 0.3195 kg/kWh
(v)
𝑖𝑝
𝑛𝑖𝑡ℎ =
𝑚̇𝑓 × 𝐶𝑉
29.16 × 3600
= 6.4 ×43000
× 100
= 38.14 %

Engines, Motors, and Mobility (ME F317) : BITS Pilani

Uploaded by

Engines, Motors, and Mobility (ME F317) : BITS Pilani

Uploaded by

Engines, Motors, and

(v) Relative efficiency or Efficiency ratio (ηrel)

(vi) Mean effective pressure (pm) 3

Q1: A four-stroke CI engine having a cylinder diameter of 39 cm and stroke of 28

BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus

Q2: The following observations were recorded during a trial of a four-stroke,

BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus

i. Indicated Power (PI) =

{ Vs = π4 × 0.392 ×0.28=0.03345 m3⁄cycle }

400 = PIMEP × 2000

ṁa = 18 × 86 = 1548 kg/hr

(i) indicated power

(ii) brake power

(iii) mechanical efficiency

(iv) brake specific fuel consumption in kg/kW h

(v) indicated thermal efficiency

𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚

You might also like