NATIONAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Amafel Bldg. Aguinaldo Highway, Dasmarinas, Cavite 1

College of Engineering and Architecture

PARAÑAQUE INTEGRATED TERMINAL EXCHANGE

CASE STUDY ANALYSIS

In Partial Fulfillment

Of Requirements for the Degree

Bachelor of Science in Architecture

Luna, Mariell G.

BS ARCHITECTURE 41A1
 NATIONAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Amafel Bldg. Aguinaldo Highway, Dasmarinas, Cavite 2

College of Engineering and Architecture

PARAÑAQUE INTEGRATED TERMINAL EXCHANGE

Parañaque Integrated Terminal Exchange Exterior Perspective

Image source: DOTr

History
It is clear that the Philippines' transportation system is facing various
challenges, including the poor quality of roads, the limited regional connectivity
provided by the national road networks, and the use of public vehicles. This
encourages the growth of people choosing to invest in private vehicle ownership to
avoid the hassle of public commuting, which in turn worsens the long-existing traffic,
especially in metro Manila areas. Despite of all forms of transportation network
grown and spread throughout the country (about 215,000 kilometers of roads, 1,300
public and private ports, and 215 public and private airports), the issue on travel
convenience is still on going.
In order to address this issue, one of the action taken by the previous
administration is the implementation of the Build, Build, Build program. This will
seek to give a “golden age” of infrastructure in the Philippines which will enhance
connectivity, increase mobility, and spur economic development. Among the
projects under the program is the Parañaque Integrated Terminal Exchange (PITX)
which is the City’s public land port and so as the country’s first of its kind in terms of
transportation infrastructure. It is situated in a 4.5 hectare lot along Kennedy Road
in Barangay Tambo, Asia World of Bay City in Parañaque.
 NATIONAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Amafel Bldg. Aguinaldo Highway, Dasmarinas, Cavite 3

College of Engineering and Architecture

The Designer and Developer

The project is designed by ASYA Design Partner and manage and develop
by Megawide and Waltermart (MWM) Terminals Inc. after winning the 35-years
concession for the project. MWM is known as one of today’s leading infrastructure
conglomerates in the Philippines with assets in Engineering Procurement
Construction, transport infrastructure, power, and property development. While
ASYA is known as one of the country's premier firms, taking the lead with large-
scale projects in architecture, engineering, master planning, and interior design.
Having the best companies of its field, the PITX is expected to have the best-in-
class facilities for commuters as well as bus operators and drivers.

Function

The Parañaque Integrated Terminal Exchange will be an all-in-one terminal.

It is also said to be an ambitious project as the government wants it to be a "one-
stop interconnected stop for different transport modes and services." It will serve as
a transport hub that will "connect passengers from Cavite to inner Metro Manila,
through seamless interconnectivity between different modes of transportation such
as buses, taxis, PUVs, PUJs, and a link to LRT 1 South Extension”. It comes with a
centralized ticketing system to allow an advance booking and printing of the tickets
online, public information displays, and a Terminal Management System. The
facility also has bus operator areas designed to "address the needs of bus drivers
and staff. These include facilities such as an entertainment and resting lounge,
washrooms, and a canteen."

Basic Measurements

Parañaque Integrated Terminal Exchange Exterior Perspective

Image source: @kmcmaggroup.com
 NATIONAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Amafel Bldg. Aguinaldo Highway, Dasmarinas, Cavite 4

College of Engineering and Architecture

The ground floor is mainly consisting of ticketing booths, public toilets, food
tiangge, fastfood restaurants, pasalubong stores and other small retail, commercial
and rentable spaces parallel to the bus bays and supermarket with waiting areas in
the middle and a side by side ramp for parking access.

Parañaque Integrated Terminal Exchange Exterior Perspective

Image source: @kmcmaggroup.com
The second floor has spaces for food and beverage stores, quick service
restaurants, banks, services, waiting areas and bus bays, public toilets and parking
access.

Parañaque Integrated Terminal Exchange Exterior Perspective

Image source: @kmcmaggroup.com
The PITX will be a commercial hub with areas dedicated for retailers, plus a
food court and parking spaces for customers. The entire commercial area is
estimated to have an average footfall of 100,000 daily, with night-time workers and
leisure travelers making up most of the passengers who will use the terminals.
 NATIONAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Amafel Bldg. Aguinaldo Highway, Dasmarinas, Cavite 5

College of Engineering and Architecture

Parañaque Integrated Terminal Exchange Exterior Perspective

Image source: @kmcmaggroup.com
It will offer five floors of premier office spaces, with typical floor plates of
around 3,200 square meters. There will be an approximately 72,000 square meters
of Gross Leasable Areas and around four elevators per tower. Businesses and
multiple tenants "can subdivide floors into several spaces for maximum occupancy."
PITX has an approximate Gross Leasable Area of 72,000 square meters and
a floor Plate of approximately 3,000 square meters with a ceiling height of 2.7
meters and 4x2 elevators per tower. The building will be using back up power of
100% and chilled water air conditioning system.

Table 1.1 Estimate daily traffic in PITX

Types Estimate Peak Hours
number
Leisure/ VRF traveler 31,000 5am – 9am
Night time workers 33,000 6pm – 10pm and 5am – 9am
Daytime workers 24,000 5am – 9am and 6pm – 10pm
Students 10,000 5am – 9am

There is an estimate expected daily traffic to the terminal of around 100,000

with peak hours seeing as much as 4,000 passengers per hour. An estimate
of31,000 leisure / VFR traveler, 33,000 night time workers, 24,000 daytime workers
and 10,000 students.
 NATIONAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Amafel Bldg. Aguinaldo Highway, Dasmarinas, Cavite 6

College of Engineering and Architecture

Table 1.2 Estimate Percentage of Building Users

Regular visitors 78% catchment
- Regular Passengers 44%
- Regular Employees 34%
Unique Passengers 22%
Total 100%

The estimate percentage of building users for regular visitors is around 78%
catchment with 44% of regular passengers and 34% for regular employees, and
22% for unique passengers.

Past Use:

Southwest Integrated Transport Terminal (SITT)

Image source: Manila Bulletin
The PITX replaced the older Southwest Integrated Transport Terminal (SITT)
initially located at the derelict Uni-wide Coastal Mall, which was transferred to HK
Sun Plaza in Bay City, Pasay as the Southwest Interim Provincial Terminal
(SWIPTS).
 NATIONAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Amafel Bldg. Aguinaldo Highway, Dasmarinas, Cavite 7

College of Engineering and Architecture

Current Use:

Parañaque Integrated Terminal Exchange Exterior Perspective

Image source: rappler.com
The PITX officially opened on November 5, 2018 serves as a hub for buses,
jeepneys and other public utility vehicles headed for areas in south of Metro Manila,
including the provinces of Cavite and Batangas, and vice versa. It is projected to
accommodate around 200,000 passengers. The terminal is also planned to connect
with the Asia World station of the proposed Line 1 Cavite extension.

Future Use:

Proposed Intermodal Terminal

Image source: @kmcmaggroup.com
 NATIONAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Amafel Bldg. Aguinaldo Highway, Dasmarinas, Cavite 8

College of Engineering and Architecture

The Paranaque Integrated Terminal Exchange (PITX) will be one of the

Department of Transportation’s three intermodal terminals. The flagship project will
serve as the transfer point for provincial and in-city transportation, covering busy
thoroughfares in the EDSA, Baclaran, and Taft areas. Ideally located between
Diosdado Macapagal Boulevard and CAVITEX, passengers from outside Metro
Manila can get direct access to variety of in-city transportation.
Paranaque Integrated Terminal Exchange (PITX) is envisioned to be a
modern transport hub that will connect passengers from Cavite to inner Metro
Manila, through seamless interconnectivity between different modes of
transportation such as buses, taxis, PUVs, and the LRT 1 South Extension. It is a
major infrastructure development under the government’s Build, Build, Build (BBB)
Program, which aims to yield sustainable economic growth, create jobs, increase
income, strengthen the investment climate, and uplift the lives of every Filipino.

Current Photos

South East Perspective

Image source: google earth
From the South East area, we can see the Cavite Express Way which
covers the podium of the building. From this view, the building looks like four blocks
of gray towers where in the color kind of set a gloomy atmosphere.
 NATIONAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Amafel Bldg. Aguinaldo Highway, Dasmarinas, Cavite 9

College of Engineering and Architecture

North East Perspective

Image source: google earth

From this view, greeneries and the Cavite Express Way dominated the North
East of the building, also covering the podium parking.

South West Perspective

Image source: google earth

This area is the access of the public commuters. The building façade looks
more of an overlapping buildings in shades of grays giving of a gloomy atmosphere.
 NATIONAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Amafel Bldg. Aguinaldo Highway, Dasmarinas, Cavite 10

College of Engineering and Architecture

North West Perspective

Image source: google earth

This is the view of the bus drop off area. The logo of the building stands out
due to its lively color which compliments to the gray shades of the building.

Design Problem Analysis

Positive Aspects Description

NATIONAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND

The TECHNOLOGY
bus bay entry has
machinesCavite
Amafel Bldg. Aguinaldo Highway, Dasmarinas, to read tickets to 11

College of Engineering and Architecture

allow the passengers to
pass thru securely.

Validating machines
Image source: blogspot.com

To make it more systematic

and organize, barricades
are established to outline
the way to the validating
machines.

Entry Barricade
Image source: blogspot.com

Information desks are

located in every entrance of
the building to help the
provide information to the
passengers and travelers.

Information Counter
Image source: blogspot.com

Ticketing booths has

minimum of seven counters
to accommodate the
passengers travel fee.
Guide barriers are also
arrange to give a guide to
the flow of the people.

Ticketing area
Image source: blogspot.com

Each corners have screen

monitors to post and
announce bus schedules
and announcement for the
passengers to be updated.
 NATIONAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Amafel Bldg. Aguinaldo Highway, Dasmarinas, Cavite 12

College of Engineering and Architecture

Over all, the plan of PITX is very accommodating to the passengers. They
have enough facilities to serve large capacity of users and can provide services of
various types. From small stalls to supermarket area and private cars services.
On the other hand, the openness of the plan provide unnecessary access to
the passengers of the non-ticketing vehicles which allows them to interact with the
passengers who has tickets. The security and organization of the building is
compromise which could bring confusion to the passengers.
 NATIONAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Amafel Bldg. Aguinaldo Highway, Dasmarinas, Cavite 13

College of Engineering and Architecture

Negative Aspects Description

Machines are prone to
malfunctioning which could
cause a future issues.

Validating machines
Image source: blogspot.com

The stores and the waiting

areas are accessible to non
passengers which makes it
crowded and unsecure for
passengers with tickets.

Hallway access
Image source: morefunwithjuan.com

The idea of having a toilet

for all gender is a little
racist. It encourage the
isolation of LGBTQ+ to the
rest of the rest.

Inclusive toilet
Image source: blogspot.com

Rethinking of the design approach

 NATIONAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Amafel Bldg. Aguinaldo Highway, Dasmarinas, Cavite 14

College of Engineering and Architecture

It would help if there is a designated area specific for passengers with tickets
and for the passengers who will ride a non-ticketing vehicles to control the crowd.
Also, the ceiling of the building has two types, the exposed ceiling and the one with
timber slats. It would be better if the whole area is covered with timber slots for the
interior of the building and the exposed ceiling will be on the exteriors like the bus
bays ceilings.

Re imagine thru different design approach

Proposed Exterior Perspective 1

The four towers are re-designed with waving surface made of aluminum sheets
and a series of curtain walls to have a full experience of natural lighting .
 NATIONAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Amafel Bldg. Aguinaldo Highway, Dasmarinas, Cavite 15

College of Engineering and Architecture

Proposed Exterior Perspective 2

The four towers are re-designed into dome shape steel textured into wood to
encircle the whole structure. It will be arranged in random layers to achieve a
natural effect and to shade the curtain walls of the building.

Proposed Exterior Perspective 3

The four towers are re-designed following its original cube form with addition of
triangle surfaces made of aluminum sheets. The diagonal lines formed in-
between the triangles will serves as full glass window.
 NATIONAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Amafel Bldg. Aguinaldo Highway, Dasmarinas, Cavite 16

College of Engineering and Architecture

Comprehensive Site Analysis

 NATIONAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Amafel Bldg. Aguinaldo Highway, Dasmarinas, Cavite 17

College of Engineering and Architecture

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