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    The Efficacy of Apivar® and Bayvarol® and CheckMite+® in The Control of Varroa Destructor in Iran (2009)

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    alberto saenz

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    The Efficacy of Apivar® and Bayvarol® and CheckMite+® in The Control of Varroa Destructor in Iran (2009)

    Uploaded by

    alberto saenz
    24 views1 page

    Original Title

    The Efficacy of Apivar® and Bayvarol® and CheckMite+® in the control of Varroa destructor in Iran (2009)

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    Copyright:

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    24 views1 page

    The Efficacy of Apivar® and Bayvarol® and CheckMite+® in The Control of Varroa Destructor in Iran (2009)

    Uploaded by

    alberto saenz

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 1

    The Efficacy of Apivar® and Bayvarol® and CheckMite+® in the control of Varroa destructor in

    Iran (2009)

    Page 1 of 5

    The Efficacy of Apivar® and Bayvarol® and CheckMite+® in the


    Control of Varroa destructor in Iran

    By Reza Phone :+98 281


    International Counsellor for
    SHAHROUZI Fax: :+98 281
    3687061
    Agriculture &
    Apiculture Mobile :+98 912
    2227144
    Qazvin-Iran.P.O.Box [email protected]
    5819733
    34185-451
    Introduction

    Varroa destructor was first found in Iran in the 1980s and for three decades
    beekeepers
    Iranian have had to deal with this mite. Various treatments were evaluated
    pyrethroids (Apistan®, Bayvarol®) became the most popular. However, in 1996
    and
    problems worsened when Apistan resistant populations of varroa emerged. The
    their
    reasons for the resistance development are the
    main
    following:
    • Since 1989, Apistan has been the principal treatment used in Iran.
    • Fluvalinate is liposoluble, so residues are left in beeswax combs and
    progressively as the wax is reused for comb
    accumulate
    • Thefoundation.
    wax of continuously used comb contains only small amounts of the
    compound.
    active
    • Wooden frames impregnated with klartan (phytosanitary formulation)
    •are
    Theused.
    new use of used strips that only contain a small dose of the active
    preparation.
    The parasitic mite Varroa destructor is well known to beekeepers because in
    countries it is the most common cause of death of Apis mellifera colonies. It
    many
    found
    was firstin the 1980s, and we have been faced with this problem for three
    decades.
    Methods of controlling the mite have been investigated and several products
    approved
    are now for use. A recent difficulty in Iran as well as in other countries has
    development
    been the of resistance in varroa to pyrethroids (Apistan®, Bayvarol®).This
    has led
    high mortality
    to a of colonies worldwide, and we have therefore investigated
    control
    various products
    new on
    sale.
    Recently, use has been made of Thymol, which is the active component of
    ApiLifeVar and Thymovar as well as Apiguard. In 2000 and 2002, I tested
    Apiguard,
    Iran and 2008
    Apiguard in in Afghanistan, also studied many publications from around the
    Thymol
    world. has the advantage of being a natural substance, and one with a low
    humans.
    toxicity toAlso Varroa destructor has not been reported as resistant to it.
    However,
    use of Apiguard
    the has the following
    disadvantages:
    • Colonies must be given a double dose, and the treatment repeated in the
    autumn. Mites that survive the first treatment reproduce during the bees’
    season. So it is necessary to use another acaricide (according to
    active
    R. Shahrouzi
    J.P.Faucon and
    • When
    2002).colonies infested with Varroa destructor were treated only with
    Apiguard,
    they showed abnormally high winter losses, with clear evidence of mites
    (Jean.P.Faucon, Reza Shahrouzi
    • A 2003).
    strong odour is apparent during the three days following treatment,
    disturbs the colony and stimulates the bees to clean
    which
    • For twohive.
    their applications the treatment takes 14 -16 weeks, which is
    the
    inconvenient for
    beekeeper.

    Page 2 of 5
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