“Employment in Agriculture.

”
(A Brief Case Study in Bhumlu Rural Municipility, Ward no. 6)

A Thesis

Submitted to the Tribhuvan University

Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences

Department of Sociology, Tri-Chandra Multiple Campus.

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of the Master of

Arts

in

Rural Development

Submitted By

Anil Sedhai

Reg. no.: 7-1-278-349-2002

Exam Role Number: 372524

Class Roll no.: 52

 TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY

FACULTIES OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES

TRI-CHANDRA MULTIPLE CAMPUS

DEPARTMENT OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT

RECOMMENDATION

This thesis entitled of “Employment in Agriculture, (A Brief Case Study)” has been
prepared by Mr. ANIL SEDHAI for the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree
of Masters in Sociology is prepared under my guidance and supervision. He has conducted
research in the year 2022. Therefore, I recommend this dissertation to the evaluation
committee for its final approval.

Date: 22/11/2079

Ms. Pabitra Khanal

Thesis Supervisor
 TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY

FACULTIES OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES

TRI-CHANDRA MULTIPLE CAMPUS

DEPARTMENT OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT

LETTER OF APPROVAL

The thesis entitled “Employment in Agriculture, (A Brief Case Study)” in Bhumlu Rural
Municipality Ward no.6, Submitted by Mr. Anil Sedhai in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the Master’s Degree (M.A.) in Sociology has been approved by evaluation
committee.

Evaluation Committee

Mr. Nara Prasad Koirala Mr. Narayan Poudel Ms. Mahima Singh

(External Examiner) (Co-ordinator) (Supervisor)

Date: 23/11/2079
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I wish to articulate my sincere gratitude to my thesis supervisor Ms. Mahima Singh,

Department of Sociology, Tri-Chandra Multiple Campus for her overwhelming support and
guidance on my dissertation writing. I am very much thankful to her for coping with my
prolonged schedule. I would also like to articulate my sincere gratitude to all homestay
owners for their support and their time complete my dissertation. Without their support, this
work would not have been completed.

I am also thankful to my friends and all the participants during data collection for their
support and cooperation without whom this work would be incomplete. Further, I would like
to thanks my family for providing me environment of the preparation of this research.

At last, I would like to thank and remember all the people who have helped me to complete
this dissertation.

Anil Sedhai

Kathmandu, Nepal

2022
 TABLES OF CONTENTS

Page number

Recommendation Letter i

Approval Letter ii

Acknowledgements iii

Table of Contents iv

List of Tables vii

List of Figure viii

Abbreviations ix

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 1-4

1.1 Background of the study 1

1.2 Statement of the Problems 3

1.3 Objectives of the Study 3

1.4 Significance of Study 3

1.5 Limitation of the Study 4

1.6 Conceptual Framework 4

1.8 Organization of Study 4

CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW 6-13

2.1 Theoretical Review 6

2.2 Community based Tourism in Nepal 6

2.3 Concept of Homestay Tourism 7

CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 14-15

3.1 Rationale of the Selection of the area 14

3.2 Research Design 14

3.3 Universe and Sampling 14

3.4 Nature of Data 14

3.5 Sources of Data 14

3.6 Techniques of Data Collection 15

3.6.1 Questionnaires 15

3.6.2 Interview 15

3.6.3 Observation 15

3.7 Data Processing and Analysis 15

3.8 Limitation of the Study 15

CHAPTER IV: PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA 16-33

4.1 Demographic status of Respondents 16

4.1.1 Respondents According to their Age 16

4.1.2 Respondents According to their Sex 17

4.1.3 Respondents According to their Educational Status 18

4.1.4 Family Types 19

4.2 Study of Variables 20

4.2.1 Year of Starting 20

4.2.2 Average Income Earn From Tourist 21

4.2.3 Involvement in other Occupation of Homestay Owner 22

4.2.4 Number of Rooms available for Home Stay 23

4.2.5 Average Number of Tourist available per day 24

4.2.6 Other Employee’s Involvement 25

4.2.7 Engagement of Family member 26

4.2.8 Types of Bathing Facilities provided 27

4.2.9 Foods Served to Tourists 28

4.2.10 Product Offer 29

4.2.11 Ownership composition of Homestay 30

4.2.12 Tourist Attraction 31

4.3 Status of Homestay in Chitlang 31

CHAPTER V: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND

RECOMMENDATION 34-36

5.1 Summary 34

5.2 Conclusion 35

5.3 Recommendation 36

Bibliography

Annex I: Questionnaire

Annex II: Photos

 LIST OF TABLES
Table no. Title of Tables Page number

1. Respondents According to their Age 18

2. Respondents According to their Sex 19

3. Respondents According to their Educational Status 20

4. Family Types 21

5. Year of Starting 22

6. Average Income Earn From Tourist 23

7. Involvement in other Occupation of Homestay Owner 24

8. Number of Rooms available for Home Stay 25

9. Average Number of Tourist available per day 26

10. Other Employee’s Involvement 27

11. Engagement of Family member 28

12. Types of Bathing Facilities provided 29

13. Foods Served to Tourists 30

14. Product Offer 31

15. Ownership composition of Homestay 32

16. Tourist Attraction 33

 LIST OF FIGURES
Table no. Title of Figures Page number

1. Respondents According to their Age 18

2. Respondents According to their Sex 19

3. Respondents According to their Educational Status 20

4. Family Types 21

5. Year of Starting 22

6. Average Income Earn From Tourist 23

7. Involvement in other Occupation of Homestay Owner 24

8. Number of Rooms available for Home Stay 25

9. Average Number of Tourist available per day 27

10. Other Employee’s Involvement 28

11. Engagement of Family member 29

12. Types of Bathing Facilities provided 30

13. Foods Served to Tourists 31

14. Product Offer 32

15. Ownership composition of Homestay 33

16. Tourist Attraction 33

 Abbreviation

AD After death

ADB Asian Development Bank

BS Bikram Sambat

CBET Community-based ecotourism

FEMD Foreign Exchange Management Department

GDP Gross Domestic Product

IASET International Association of Scientific Expects on

Tourism

KM Kilometer

MICE Meeting, incentive, Conference and Exhibition

NG Nepal Government

NP National Park

NTB Nepal Tourism Board

TRPAP Tourism for Rural Poverty Alleviation programme

TU Tribhuvan University

UK United Kingdom

UN United Nation

UNECSO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural

Organization

UNWTO United Nation’s World Tourism Organization

US United States

WTO World Trade Organization

 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

Nepal Rural Tourism is a not-for-profit, ethical and rural tourism development
initiative run by PFPA and 100% profits made from tour programs goes directly towards the
development of host communities. Nepal Rural Tourism Initiative aims to empower rural
women, Promote social, economic and environmental wellbeing of the rural communities,
promote rural communities as eco-tourism destinations and Provide authentic cultural
experiences for travelers (Nepal Rural Tourism, 2018).
In home-stay tourism, both the environment and culture are commoditized; market
value is created with the demand of visitors. It provides financial reward to the local
indigenous Community for conservation of the environment and their culture (Laurie &
Radcliffe, 2005). Under this approach, tourism is considered to be a component of
development, giving emphasis to explore ways of expanding positive impacts and reducing
negative impacts. Home-stay tourism is a major player when it comes to the reduction of
rural poverty. It integrates all activities of tourism such as trekking, cultural tourism, agro-
tourism, health tourism, and ecotourism (Devkota, 2010). It is a good source of earning
foreign currency. It reduces the gap in the balance of payment, provides increased tax
revenue, gives rise to economic development of the nation, and increases the employment
opportunities. It may also provide new markets for local people to sell their products, such as
agricultural products, livestock and others (Budhathoki, 2013).
"Homestay venues as private home in which unused rooms are rented for the purposes
of supplementing income and meeting people” (Lanier & Berman 1993, 12 quoted in
Bhuiyan, Siwar, Ismail & Islam 2011, 540-546). Different countries have different patterns of
homestay programmes and they describe it with different words, such as second home
tourism in Denmark, or paying guest. Similarly, most of the western countries seem
practicing homestay studies programmes to foreign students who visit abroad to continue
their study in the universities. In a host family students live in their home like a family
member and finish their study period. Students experience a family environment even though
they are far from their own family (Bhuiyan, Siwar, Ismail & Islam 2011, 540-
546.)AthitiDeoBhawa' (Guest is god) is the belief of typical Nepali society which have been
carrying out the concept of homestay tourism in Nepal. The people of Nepal welcomes their
guests as a god and treat them with warm hospitable manner according to their own life style
but the identical manner and belief has turned in to the tourism business when the
government of Nepal introduced the homestay program as village tourism in 1997 for the first
time. It becomes more popular when the government of Nepal, officially introduce the
homestay tourism program with the 'Home-stay Regulation 2067' in 17th August 2010
(Devkota 2008).Home stay is unique that can provide direct beneficial to people of rural
villages. Homestay accommodation has unique potential to promote cultural awareness and
cultural exchange through sharing life and family experience. Although homestay is
relatively new as an industry, the term homestay is merely a new word used to describe the
age-old concept of travelers residing with a family other than their own. Homestay has
become a popular choice of accommodation for International Tourist, Domestic Tourist,
International students and educational institutions alike. Home stay is a service sector,
provided by local people from rural to urban areas. It facilitates in enjoying and experiencing
the local life style. Visitors from different places get opportunities to rent a room from local
families. A researcher and Students gets opportunities to understand culture of local people
and families. This is kind of practice to adjust in new culture and society. Home Stay
program has promoted the entrepreneurship development in various regions of Nepal.
Homestay is a rental program where visitors, tourist, and researchers get opportunities
to rent room from local families. This sort of program is very useful to researcher to improve
the understanding and exchange culture of specific area with local people and families.
Participation in cross cultural activities helps to understand and adjust in new culture and
community. Nepal has lots of potential to obtain economic growth through tourism industry.
Nepal is rich in multiple natural resources and ancient culture.
Sirubari and Ghalegaon were the first to implement homestay programs. Many others
followed suit. Today, Kavrepalanchok has over 26 registered community-based homestay
homes while Chitwan has at least 10 and Makwanpur and Nuwakot have around 11 and 12
respectively. Gorkha, Ilam, Palpa, Syangja, Kailali and Kalikot too have homestay programs.
Living in a Nepali village as a homestay guest is an excellent way to know the real Nepal.
1.2 Statement Of The Problems
The Home stay tourism seems niche tourism activities which are practice by some of
the countries. There are different places of Nepal where homestay tourism activity are
running. Chitlang is the historical place but now a day due to its sophisticated home tourism
facility it becomes famous for home stay tourism. Tourism nowadays has become very
essential for the income generation sources in Chitlang. It significantly contributes the per
capita of Chitlang’s people as well as GDP of country. Also in particular this study also arises
some questions like
 What is the status of homestay tourism in Chitlang?
 What is the socio-economic status of Owners of homestay in Chitlang?

1.3 Objective Of The Study

The main objective of this study is to find out the status of homestay tourism in
Chitlang. Beside that following are the other objectives of this study:
 To find out the status of homestay tourism in Chitlang.
 To find out socio-economic condition of homestay owners in Chitlang.

1.4 Significance Of Study

Chitlang is the study area of this research. It is the place where researcher frequently
visits for to enjoy holiday pleasure. In Chitlang researcher visit was mostly focus to enjoy for
homestay tourism environment. Researcher developed the good relationship with owner of
homestay house in his every visit. Beside that researcher has own experience about money
spend for home stay and the money received by actual local owner of home stay which
motivate the researcher to perform research. Already development of good relation helps the
researcher to take convenient sample. This study also help to find out gap between tourist
expenses and income receipt by local people which is further motivation for studying the
income distribution from tourism activities and its equal distribution from Chitlang home stay
tourism.
Chitlang, a part of the ancient trading route which linked Kathmandu with the rest of
the country before the construction of Tribhuvan Highway, was out of the radar of most of
the domestic and foreign tourists for long. But the launch of Thankot-Chandragiri cable car
service and upgradation of 12km Thankot-Chandragiri-Chitlang road segment changed
everything. Today, the destination attracts over 1,000 tourists per week. Currently, around 12
homestay facilities are catering services in Chitlang, which is famous for trout fish and goat
cheese. Each of these facilities can accommodate 15 to 100 tourists. In total, existing
homestay facilities in Chitlang can house around 200 tourists. Most of these homestay
facilities are fully booked most of the time, according to Ram Krishna Basnet, operator of
Kaji Homestay (Bista, 2017).
1.5 Conceptual Frame Work
This research will be socio economic status analysis of home stay tourism to the local
people of Chitlang Homestay. Here socio-economic status consists of different aspect
in tourism. This study will be focus on analysis only four aspects of economic impact,
i.e.Income from tourism, Employment generation, Involvement of family member in
homestay, Investment made in homestay and family type, main occupation, house type,food
item. On the basis of these assumption following conceptual framework is
developed:

Economic Status Social Status

Of Homestay Of Homestay

Status of homestay of
Chitlang Livelihood

1.6 Organization of Study

This research report is divided into five part.

The Chapter one include introduction where background of study, statement of problem,
objective of study, significant of study, limitation of study, conceptual frame work and
organization of study are written.
The Chapter two consists of literature review, concept of tourism and homestay tourism,
components of home stay tourism, and some stay tourism in Nepal and some finding of home
stay tourism are written.

The Chapter three consist of Research methodology where Research methods, universe
and sample, Nature and source of Data, tools and techniques of data collection and analysis
are written.

The Chapter four consist of presentation of data were collected data are presented and
analysis are written.

Finally, Chapter five consists of summary and conclusion where summary of report,
conclusion and recommendation is written.
 CHAPTER II
LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Theoretical Review

Structural Functionalism is a sociological theory that attempts to explain why society
functions the way it does by focusing on the relationships between the various social
institutions that makes up society (e.g., government, law, education, religion, etc). According
to the Woodger, 1948, Merton, 1968, Structural functionalism has a lengthy history in both
the biological sciences and the social sciences. Functionalism's history goes back to
Aristotle's study of ultimate causes in nature or of actions in relation to their ends, or utility.
Developed in l7th century France, Montesquieu's doctrine of separation of powers is based on
the notion of functions that are best undertaken separate from each other as a means of
ensuring stability and security (Fisher, 2010).Structural functional, especially in the work of
Talcott Parsons, Robert Merton, and their students and followers, was for many years the
dominant sociological theory (Ritzer, 2011).
Structural functionalism, or, simply, functionalism, is a framework for building theory
that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and
stability. Two theorists, Herbert Spencer and Robert Merton, were major contributors to this
perspective. Important concepts in functionalism include social structure, social functions,
manifest functions, and latent functions. Let's examine this perspective deeper and take a look
at a few examples. Thus, applying this theory in this research has helped how the people
available society has been working together to achieve economic stability which helps in not
only promoting the nature but also uplift the living standard of the owners of the homestay
with the available resources.

2.2 Community Based Tourism In Nepal

Tourism society of Britain defines ‘tourism’ is the temporary short term movement of
people to destinations outside the places where they normally live and work & their activities
during the stay at these destinations including movement for all purposes as well as day visits
or excursions (Bhatia, 1994). It involves a complex set of interrelationships between people,
places and product through the transportation of people to various destinations outsides of
their normal place of residence & their stay at those destinations with the short time period in
nature consist of pleasure activity in that does not involve earning related travel even if the
associated income is not earned in the destination, region or country collier (1989).
Community-based tourism (CBT) is a form of responsible tourism that supports local
communities and improves livelihoods. The tourism destination is managed by the local
community members themselves. With general tourism, visits are often marketed and
organized by private travel companies. The bulk of the profits leave the community, and only
a few private individuals may benefit from the enterprise. In contrast, CBT is managed and
run by the community members themselves. All of the management decisions are made by, or
in consultation with the community, and all of the profits directly benefit the local
community. The main positive impacts include benefit sharing among the community
members, community participation, community control, empowerment and conservation. By
managing the interactions between the host and the visitors, the negative impacts of tourism
to the community and environment can be minimized. Community-based ecotourism (CBET)
addresses the well-being of the community and the surrounding environment. While
supporting local communities and improving livelihoods, the natural and cultural resources of
the area are protected and conserved. Ecotourism is a type of sustainable tourism in which
tourists experience, appreciate and enjoy the nature and culture of their destination. The
negative impacts of tourism are minimized while an incentive for conserving natural and
cultural features is provided (Tourism of Cambodia, 2018).

2.3 Concept of Homestay Tourism

In Nepal, rural tourism is contributing to the conservation of natural resources and
participated community development. The importance of rural based ecotourism can be seen
in its five fundamental functions as outlined by Ross and Wall, 1999 are protection of natural
resources; education; generation of money; quality tourism; and Local participation. (citated
from Dahal 2007)
Nepal has stated various sectorial laws regarding tourism industry along with environmental
aspect. The Ancient Monument Protection Act in 2013 BS, Tourism Act in 2031 BS and
Nepal Tourism Board Act in 2053 BS are some of the act formulated in Nepal to regulate
tourism industry.
Home stay is a new idea for accommodation in the tourism industry. It is a potential
economic activity in tourism sector. It becomes popular to the tourists who desire to know
and interact with the local people, cultural attractions, social cohesion, natural resources and
ecosystem (LTSN Hospitality, Leisure, Sport and Tourism, 2003). Locally owned and
operate home stays constitute a suitable tourist accommodation for the local community to
participate in tourism activities (Wall and Long, 1996).
A homestay property is a non-commercialized, private residence that accommodates paying
guest(s) who enjoy staying in the comfort and security of a family home. These guests often
reside in the family home for an extended period of time, usually months rather than days. It
is a safe, affordable means of housing popular amongst international students, interns,
travelling professionals and adult visitors from other countries, who are looking to experience
and learn about local lifestyle and culture. Homestay tourism is not specifically a niche
tourism segment, but rather a type of accommodation that is used by tourists when staying at
a destination and pursuing other purposes of visit. Homestay program can be regarded as a
rural-cultural-community-based tourism product.
Home stay tourism program provided tourists multi ethnic life condition with cultural
experiences and economic well beings for the local people. Home stay is an accommodation
system and economic activity in the tourism industry. It is popular with the tourists who want
to interact with local culture, lifestyle, social system and people (LTSN, 2003).
Home Stay means to living place and it is one type of tourism product based on
accommodation oriented. The improving, enhancing and promoting of home stay depends on
local communities. This accommodation is ensuring their economic, social and cultural
aspects with sustainable well beings (Chaiyatornet al., 2010).
The main component of home stay is the cultural diversity of the local people which can
attract the visitors (Din and Mapjabil, 2010). Social returns of home stay accommodation are
essential for its success.
The home stay program should be given emphasize on the emotional feelings of the local
communities. It must be respectful of the local heritage, sense of place and social
organizations (Beeton, 2006). When a large number of tourists are arriving in an area, then
the government and local people giving emphasize on home stay operation which increase
the economic growth in this area (Gu and Wong, 2010).
Home stay accommodation is helpful for tourism development in a country or an area. Rural
tourism, ecotourism and cultural tourism are facing accommodation problems at near the
tourism destination.
Home stay can solve the accommodation problem for this type’s tourism. Rural and cultural
tourism destinations have active participation of local people. On the other hand, ecotourism
tries to decrease the environmental degradation with ensuring strong community participation
in tourism activities. Home stay accommodation can create a scope to the local communities
for active participation in tourism activities. The network development between local
government and community is necessary to understand and adjust knowledge regarding
tourism activities (Saeng-Ngamet al., 2009).
Homestay is a new idea for accommodation in the tourism industry. It is a potential
economic activity in tourism sector. It becomes popular to the tourists who desire to know
and interact with the local people, cultural attractions, social cohesion, natural resources and
ecosystem (LTSN Hospitality, Leisure, Sport and Tourism, 2003). Locally owned and
operate home stays constitute a suitable tourist accommodation for the local community to
participate in tourism activities (Wall and Long, 1996).
A homestay property is a non-commercialized, private residence that accommodates
paying guest(s) who enjoy staying in the comfort and security of a family home. These guests
often reside in the family home for an extended period of time, usually months rather than
days. It is a safe, affordable means of housing popular amongst international students, interns,
travelling professionals and adult visitors from other countries, who are looking to experience
and learn about local lifestyle and culture. Homestay tourism is not specifically a niche
tourism segment, but rather a type of accommodation that is used by tourists when staying at
a destination and pursuing other purposes of visit. Homestay program can be regarded as a
rural-cultural-community-based tourism product (Wall & Long, 1996).
Homestay tourism program provided tourists multi ethnic life condition with cultural
experiences and economic well beings for the local people. Homestay is an accommodation
system and economic activity in the tourism industry. It is popular with the tourists who want
to interact with local culture, lifestyle, social system and people (LTSN, 2003).
Home Stay means to living place and it is one type of tourism product based on
accommodation oriented. The improving, enhancing and promoting of home stay depends on
local communities. This accommodation is ensuring their economic, social and cultural
aspects with sustainable well beings (Chaiyatorn et al., 2010).
The main component of home stay is the cultural diversity of the local people which can
attract the visitors (Din & Mapjabil, 2010). Social returns of home stay accommodation are
essential for its success. The home stay program should be given emphasize on the
emotional feelings of the local communities. It must be respectful of the local heritage, sense
of place and social organizations (Beeton, 2006). When a large number of tourists are
arriving in an area, then the government and local people giving emphasize on home stay
operation which increase the economic growth in this area (Gu& Wong, 2010).
 Home stay can solve the accommodation problem for this type’s tourism. Rural and
cultural tourism destinations have active participation of local people. On the other hand,
ecotourism tries to decrease the environmental degradation with ensuring strong community
participation in tourism activities. Home stay accommodation can create a scope to the local
communities for active participation in tourism activities. The network development between
local government and community is necessary to understand and adjust knowledge regarding
tourism activities (Saeng-Ngamet al., 2009).
The home stay tourism in case of Nepal becomes more popular when the government
of Nepal, officially introduce the homestay tourism program with the 'Home-stay Regulation
2067' in 17th August 2010 where homestay regulation is written which emphasized to
encourage the micro-economic sector in the rural areas; preserve the ecological sustainability;
generate self-employment and economic growth in the rural communities. Similarly, it
addressed to build up the quality life of indigenous people of the village area and make
capable to access the benefit through the tourism industry, to increase the use of natural and
human resources of the rural areas for rural development; to expose the rural culture and
nature to the outside world; to protect environmental degradation; to decentralize the national
income and centralize the local resources in the national economy; and to promote and
improve local agricultural and other industries (Devkota,2008).
Homestay is a newly adopted accommodation practice in Nepalese tourism industry
which means that the visitor enjoys the local cultural hospitality and a warm welcome from a
host family in particular area. It helps the tourist to explore the local cultural values,
traditions on the one hand, languages and landscape settings on the other. Actually, the
homestay programme is a new concept in the Nepalese tourism industry for community
development. This provides accommodation to visitors by offering local cultural hospitality
and receives financial benefit in returns. Homestay programme has been popular among those
tourist who desire to be a part of local traditions by interacting with the community and have
experience of local culture, local cuisine and the natural attraction (Lama, 2013).
Homestay is a new concept in Nepal’s tourism which can play a vital role for
Nepalese economy. Home stay tourism is community based program introduce by Nepalese
government which can have interaction and direct experience of day to day life of
commodity. Concept of home stay addresses the theme of Ecotourism in Nepal. Homestay
tries to integrate all tourism activities in a particular location. Home stay tourism in any
private house located in rural area of the country in good conditions and easily accessible
primarily qualifies under the scheme. The primary focus of implementing home stay tourism
lies in ensuring the quality of its operation and management for quality tourist and quality
tourism. (Inside Himalayas, n.a.)
Homestays can be seen as a much better alternative to conventional hotel
accommodation, providing a great opportunity for visitors to experience local culture and
lifestyle firsthand. Nepal’s homestays are mainly found in small villages, out in the
countryside where life is simple and basic: a refreshing change from the hassles of urban life.
Nepal Tourism Board mobilized the local village development committees (VDCs), district
development committees (DDCs) and local cooperatives to set up homestay facilities and
provide training to host families. As well as providing more accommodation, the prime
objective of the homestay initiative was to get local people involved more in various aspects
of tourism and provide alternative sources of income. There are two main kinds of
homestays: community and private. The host families are expected to provide guests with a
taste of the local culture, serving the kind of food the host family would normally eat
themselves, and giving an insight into the village way of life. The homestay needs to be
clean, providing adequate toilet and bathroom facilities, whilst in return, guests are expected
to respect local customs and dress in an appropriate way. (Inside Himalayas, n.a.)
The villages of Sirubari and Ghalegaon were amongst the first to implement homestay
programmes. Many others followed suit with support from DFID, UNDP, SNV and GTZ for
example, where tourism development in five regions was provided. Kavrepalanchok now has
over 26 registered community-based homestay homes. Chitwan has at least 10, and
Makwanpur and Nuwakot each have around a dozen. Gorkha, Ilam, Palpa, Syangja, Kailali
and Kalikot too have homestay programmes (Inside Himalayas, n.a.).
In Nepalese contest home stay tourism components like trekking, cultural tourism,
agro-tourism, health tourism, pleasure and recreational tourism, adventures tourism, eco-
tourism, etc. additionally home stay tourism development provides the opportunity to take
proactive approaches based on broad participation by concerned stakeholder, which will
contribute to more effective policies and plans. This would increase opportunities to realize
the full social and economic potential of tourism industry for poverty reduction and that
creates opportunity for ensuring long term prosperity and quality of life for future generation
in addition to preserving the natural and cultural heritages for tourists and local people in way
that address development problems, reduce risk to environment and life system.(Inside
Himalayas, n.a.)
In Nepal, CBT is considered to be one of the most important sectors for sustainable
development and empowerment. Nepal government is very anxious to promote CBT as it
generates employment opportunities and can also solve the socio-economic differences if it
can be expanded to many areas of the country. Taking these facts into consideration, the
government of Nepal together with other private sectors and local communities has initiated
to develop community based sustainable rural tourism with wider objectives. (Pandey 1996,
2003). In order to gain tourism benefits at the community level, various governmental and
non-governmental are working together with rural communities. Their emphasis on various
eco-tourism activities have established a new boundary in the history of Nepal tourism by
empowering local people to get involved in community based ecotourism and thus helping to
eradicate poverty from rural areas. Some institutions are engaged in researching poverty and
poverty alleviations, income and employment impacts of tourism whereas, others are engaged
in measuring sustainability of mountain tourism, and tourism’s contribution to the
development of community.

Objective of Home stay tourism in Nepal

 To stimulate the micro economic component in the interior rural parts.

 To provide employment and economic value in the rural areas.
 For ecological sustainability.
 To use natural and human resources of rural area for rural development.
 To expose the rural culture and natural beauty outside the country.
 To protect environmental degradation.
 To decentralize the natural income and centralize the local resources in the national
economy.
 To promote and improve local agricultural and other industries.
(Devkota, 2008).

Home stay tourism of Nepal provide following opportunity for tourists:

I. Unique opportunity to experience the rich and hospitable culture of the village.
II. An opportunity to see and experience astonishing objects no one else has seen or done
before especially amazing food.
III. To meet and really connect with local people from the host country and not just see
them through a bus window.
IV. Become a part of a family and an important part of household, that is, homely
environment.
 V. Learn about environment and culture through others eyes.
VI. Contribute directly to rural economy and people in need.
VII. Provide opportunities to support the community in conservation initiatives.
(Devkota, 2008).

CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 Rationale of the Selection of the Study Area

As a part of this research, Chitlang was chosen to be the study area as this area has not
been touched by modernization even being very close to the capital city. No any studies
regarding the homestay tourism in Chitlang has been conducted yet. And Chitlang being
close to the capital city it is easier for data collection too.

3.2 Research Design

Research design is the plan, structure and strategy of investigation. The design of this
study is analytical as well as descriptive approaches. In fact, the research design is the
conceptual structure within the research is conduct. This study analyzed study on impact of
tourism on the basis of descriptive and analytical research design. For the systematic
presentation of the collected data, descriptive research design has been employed in this
study. This provides a comprehensive description on the related topics on various aspects of
the available data information.
3.3 Universe And Sampling
The people who run home stay in Chitlang are the universe of the study. In Chitlang
there are 12 homestay household which the universe of the study are. For the study all 12
house hold who run homestay are taken. Thus, in the study censes method is used for the
study. Owner of homestay is consider as unit for the study.

3.4 Nature Of Data

The nature of data was both qualitative and quantitative. While qualitative data
provides insights and understanding of the problem setting, quantitative data provides the
numerical facts.
3.5 Sources Of Data
In this research both primary and secondary data is used. Primary data were acquired
by direct field survey while secondary data were acquired by the help of other research,
internet, etc. Thus, the different sources can be used for research.

3.6 Techniques Of Data Collection

The Following techniques were used for data collection.
3.6.1 Interview Schedule
While field visit the questionnaires were used for survey. The structure and semi-
structure questions were used for data collection. The homestay owners were asked
question. The survey was done for all 12 selected samples.
3.6.2 Interview
Interview was taken as a part of data collection with the owners of the homestay. The
homestay owners were asked a set of questionnaire during interview.
3.6.3 Observation
Observation was also used as a technique for data collection as a part of this research.
Observation helped researcher observed the environment which led to compare and
analyze the answers given by the interviewee.

3.7 Data Processing And Analysis

All the questions at the field level were checked for internal prior to coding, a coding
manual, the coding of all open- ended and closed ended-questions will be done. Analyzed
information was presented in a frequency and percentage. The study was focused on
qualitative and quantitative method of analysis since the study was qualitative in nature.
3.8 Limitation The Study
The study is limited only in Chitlang. Hence, the finding may not be applicable to
other parts of the country and the finding cannot be generalized in other places and context.
Some common limitations of the study are listed as follows:
 A study was done with the purpose of academic activities so it is done with the limit
of time.
 A study is based on the data collected by researcher from field visit and observation
and some information is used from tourism related government and non-governmental
organization of Chitlang, so output of this study is mostly dependent on the primary
data collected in field visit during thesis period only, which is not sufficient for
completion of study.
 The statistical tools used in research are also creates limitation.
 Tourism impact is invisible in nature, so studied data may explain it.

CHAPTER IV
PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF THE DATA

4.1 Demographic Status of Respondents

The respondents’ composition can be on the basis of the age, types of marriage,
education before marriage, education after marriage, and types of marriage. All these
composition is shows in following tables:
4.1.1 Respondents According to Their Age
Table 4.1.1:
Age of Respondents
Age group No. of participants Percentages(%)
25 to 30 2 16.67 %
30 to 40 6 50%
40 to 50 4 33.33%
Total 12 100%
Source: field survey, 2019
 Table 4.1.1 shows the age group of participants, among the participants, 2 (16.67%)
are age between 25 to 30 years, 6 (50%) are age between 30 to 40 years and 4 (33.33%) are
age between 40 to 50 years. All these information is shown in following figure:
Figure 4.1.1:
Age of Respondents
7
6
no. of respondents

5
4
3
2
1
0
25 to 30 30 to 40 40 to 50
age group

4.1.2 Respondents According to their Sex

Following table shows the sex composition of respondents:
Table 4.1.2:
Sex of Respondents
S.N. Sex No. of Respondents Percentages(%)
1 Male 9 75%
2 Female 3 25%
Total 12 100%
Source: Field Survey, 2019

Table 4.1.2 shows the Gender status of Respondents, among the respondents 9 (75%) of
participants are male and 3 (25%) of participants are female. Since the study is conducted by
taking sample of homestay owner so, majority of homestay owner are male as compare to
female.
All these information are shown in following figure:
Figure 4.1.2:
Sex of Respondents
 Female
25%

Male
75%

Male Female

4.1.3 Respondents According to their Educational Status

Following table shows the educational status of respondents:
Table 4.1.3:
Educational Status
Education Status No. of Respondents Percentages(%)

Uneducated 2 16.67

Under SLC 3 25.00

SLC 5 41.67

Above SLC 2 16.67

Total 12 100

Source: Field Survey, 2019

Table 4.1.3 shows the education status of homestay owner, among the respondents, 2
(16.67%) of participant is uneducated, 3 (25%) of participants are under SLC, 5 (41.67%) of
participants pass SLC and 2 (16.67%) of participants study above SLC. All these information
can be shown in following figure:
Figure4.1.3:
Educational Status

17% 17%

Uneducated
Under SLC
SLC
25% Above SLC

42%

4.1.4 Family Types

Following table shows the family types of respondents:
Table 4.1.4:
Family Types
Family Types No. of respondents Percentages
Joint 9 75
Single 3 25
Total 12 100
Source: Field Survey, 2019

Table 4.1.4 shows the family types of respondents. Among the respondents 9 (75%) lives in
joint family and 3 (25%) lives in single family. The data shows the most of the homestay
owner live in joint family so in homestay business engagement of family member is high. All
these data are present in following figure:
Figure4.1.4:
Family Types
 Single; 3

Joint; 9

4.2 Study of Variable

4.2.1 Starting Year
Following table shows the years of formally starting homestay business:
Table 4.2.1:
Year of Starting
Year No. of Respondents Percentages (%)
2071 BS 2 16.67%
2072 BS 2 16.67%
2074 BS 7 58.33%
2075 BS 1 8.33%
Total 12 100%
Source: Field Survey, 2019

Table 4.2.1 shows the years of starting of homestay business. Among the respondents,
2 (16.67%) of respondents started home stay in 2071 BS so, the run homestay from 4 years. 2
(16.67%) of respondents started home stay in 2072 BS so, the run homestay from 3 years. 7
(58.33%) of respondents started home stay in 2074 BS so, the run homestay from 1 years and
1 (8.33%) of respondents started home stay in 2075 BS so, the run homestay from 1 years.
From the data most of homestay are established from 2074 BS. All these information are
shown in following figure:
Figure 4.2.1:
Year of Starting
8
7
6
number of homestay

5
4
3
2
1
0
2071 BS 2072 BS 2074 BS 2075 BS
year of running

4.2.2Average Income Earn from Tourist

Chitlang is one of the tourist destination of Nepal. It is famous for business in ancient
time. Now a day it is attracting tourist for its land beauty following table shows the average
earning per day of home stay owner from tourism:
Table4.2.2:
Average Earning per Day by Homestay Owner
Average income earn per day (Rs.) Number of homestay Percentage (%)
Below 1500 1 8.33
1501 to 2500 7 58.33
2501 to 3500 3 25.00

Above 3500 1 8.33

Total 12 100
Source: Field Survey, 2019

Table number 4.2.2 shows the average earning from tourism per day by the homestay
owner of Chitlang. Among them 1 (8.33%) homestay owner earn below Rs. 1500 per day
from tourist in an average. 7(58.33%) of homestay owner said that they own between Rs.
15001 to Rs. 2500 as income from hone stay service. Another 3(25%) home stay owner
believe that they own between Rs. 2501 to 3500 average income from homestay tourism and
1(8.33%) of homestay owner earn above the Rs. 3500average earning from tourism per day
from home stay tourism. All these information is display in figure below:
Figure 4.2.2:
Average Earning per Day by Homestay Owner
8
7
no. of respondents

6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Below 1500 1501 to 2500 2501 to 3500
income per day

4.2.3 Involvement in Other Occupation of Homestay Owner

Income generation activities are most important factor for development of nation. But
the involvement of homestay owner to other profession decrease the reliabilities in there
homestay business. Following table show the involvement of home stay owner to other
sector:
Table4.2.3:
Involvement in Other Occupation
Other sector Number of Homestay Percentage (%)
Agriculture 8 66.67%

Job 1 8.33%
Other business 3 25%
Total 12 100%
Source: Field Survey, 2019

Table number 4.2.3shows the involvement of home stay owner involves in other
sector then homestay. Among them 8 (66.67%) homestay owner are involve in agriculture
sector, 1(8.33%) homestay owners are job holder and 3 (25%) are involved in other business
besides home stay business. All these information are shown in following figure:
Figure 4.2.3:
Involvement in Other Occupation
 Other business; 3

Job; 1
Agriculture; 8

4.2.4Number of Rooms Available for Home Stay

Availability of room for tourist is the main source of income in home stay business.
The availability and the quality of room services are vital for homestay tourism development.
Following table shows the availability of room of sample homestay owner for Chitlang:
Table Number 4.2.4
Room Available for Tourist
Room Available Number of Homestay Percentage(%)
2 rooms 1 8.33 %
4 rooms 7 66.67%
5 rooms 3 25%
6 rooms 1 8.33%
Total 12 100%
Source: Field Visit, 2019

Table number 4.2.4 show the availability of room for tourist in homestay of Chitlang.
There is 1(8.33%) homestay owner who provide only two room for home stay. 7 (66.67%)
home stay owners provide fourrooms for homestay tourist. 3 (25%) homestay providers
provide five rooms for homestay tourist and 1 (8.33%) homestay owners provide seven
rooms for home stay tourists. All these data are shows in following figure:
Figure4.2.4:
Room Available for Tourist
 8
7
6
no. of home stay

5
4
3
2
1
0
2 rooms 4 rooms 5 rooms 6 rooms
no. of rooms

4.2.5Average Number of Tourist Arrival per Day

Tourist arrival for homestay is vital force for homestay tourism development. Tourist
arrival not only generates the income directly to homestay owner but also provided indirect
employment and income generation to society. Following table shows the average tourist
arrival per day in sampled homestay in Chitlang:
Table 4.2.5
Average Tourist Arrival
Tourist arrive per day Number of homestay Percentage(%)
3 2 16.67%

4 6 50%
5 3 25%
More than 5 1 8.33%

Total 12 100%
Source: Field Visit, 2019

Table number 4. 2.5 shows the average number of tourist arrival per day. Among the
respondents, 2 (16.67%) homestay owner said that on an average three tourist arrived per day
for home stay. 6 (50%) homestay owner believed that on an average four tourist were arrived
per day for home stay. 3 (25%) homestay owner believed that on an average five homestay
tourist were arrived for home stay and 1 (8.33%) homestay owner believed that on an average
more than 5 tourist were arrived for home stay. Form the data it is found that most of
homestay owner believed that per day 4 tourist is arrived. All these information are shown in
following figure:
Figure 4.2.5
 Average Tourist Arrival

8%
17%

3 person
25% 4 person
5 person
More than 5

50%

4.2.6Other Employee’s Involvement

Homestay tourism provided different types of employment a different people.
Tourism industry provided direct and indirect employment opportunity to different group of
people. In the study the full time employment refer to the regular employee who work in
homestay and get monthly salary. Following table shows the full time employment
opportunity by homestay owner:
Table 4.2.6
Employment Provider
Person Number of homestay Percentage
Employment provider 5 41.67

No employment provider 7 58.33

Total 12 100
Source: Field Survey, 2019

Table number 4.2.6 shows the number of homestay that provide the employment
facilities to other people. 5 (41.67%) homestay owners provide the employment opportunity
facilities to other peoples and 7(58.33%) homestay providers does not used outsider as full
time worker. All the information can be shown in following figure:
Figure 4.2.6
Employment Provider
 Employment
provider
42%
No employment
provider
58%

4.2.7Engagement of Family Member

Homestay business one of the important source of self-employment following table
shows the involvement of family member in Business:
Table 4.2.7:
Engagement of family Member
No. of Family Member Home Stay Percentages
2 6 50
3 5 41.67
4 1 8.33
Total 10 100
Source: Field Survey, 2019

Table 4.2.7 shows the number of family member engaged in homestay business.
Among the homestay, 6 (50%) homestay business used 2 members from family, 5 (41.67%)
used three members from family and 1 (8.33%) used 4 member from family in home stay
business. All these data is shown in following figure:

Figure 4.2.7
Engagement of Family Member
 4 persons
8%

2 persons
50%

3 persons
42%

4.2.8 Types of Bathing Facilities Provided

It is one of the major accommodations which attract the tourist. It is important
component for tourism development. Following table shows the number of homestay
provider that provides different types of bathing facilities:
Table 4.2.8:
Types of Bathing Facilities
Bathing Facilities Number of homestay Percentage
Normal Bathing Only 4 33.33
Hot Water Bathing 8 66.67
Modern Bathing Facilities 0 0

Total 12 100
Source: Field Survey, 2019

Table number 4.2.8 shows the types of batting facilities provided to tourist. Among
the sample of 12 household, 4 (33.33%) homestay owners provided normal bathing facilities,
8 (66.67%) household providehot water bathing in winter season and none of homestay
provider has modern bathing facilities for tourist. Following figure shows the data of bathing:
Figure 4.2.8:
Types of Bathing Facilities
 Normal Bathing
Only
33%

Hot Water
Bathing
67%

4.2.9 Food Served to Tourists

The food served to the tourist also shows the great economic impact to the area. If
local product are used and promote the impact is great to the destination place. Following
table shows the source of food supplied to tourist:
Table 4.2.9:
Source of Food
Source No. of Homestay Percentage
Local 3 25
Mostly local 8 66.67
Mostly Non-local 1 8.33
Total 10 100
Source: Field Survey, 2018

The table 4.2.9 shows the source of food provided by homestay owner. 1 (10%) of
homestay owner serve only local foods to visitors, 6 (60%) of homestay owner serve mostly
local foods to visitors, 3 (30%) of homestay owner serve mostly non-local foods to visitors.
Data indicate that most of the homestay owner provide mostly local food available in market.
All the data are shown in following figure:
Figure 4.2.9:
Source of Food
 Mostly Non-local
8%
Local
25%

Mostly local
67%

4.2.10 Product Offer

Following table shows the demand of different product offer by homestay owner:
Table 4.2.10:
Product Offer
Items Demanded Available Not Available Total
Eggs 12 0 12
Vegetable 12 0 12
Meat 12 0 12
Fresh Fruits 9 3 12
Mineral water 12 0 12
Cold drinks 12 0 12
Beer 12 0 12
Fruit juice 12 0 12
Source: Field Survey, 2019

Table 4.2.10shows the items available for tourist by home stay owner all home
stay owner offer eggs, vegetable, meat, mineral water, cold drinks, fruits juice and
bear, 9 homestay owner offer fresh fruits to tourist. Following figure shows the
product offer by homestay owner:
Figure 4.2.10:
 Product Offer
14
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
12

10 3
no. of homestay

2
12 12 12 9 12 12 12 12
0
Eggs Vegetable Meat Fresh Mineral Cold drinks Bear Fruit juice
Fruits water
Item Offer

4.2.11Ownership Composition of Homestay

Ownership analysis helps to find out the women empowerment process of Nepal.
Following table shows the ownership composition of homestay in Chitlang:
Table 4.2.11:
Ownership of Homestay
Owner of homestay Number of homestay Percentage
Male 10 83.33
Female 2 16.67

Total 12 100
Source: Field Visit, 2019

Table number 4.2.11shows the gender base ownership of home stay by registration.
Among the sample there are 10(83.33%) homestay which are register in the name of male
member and there are only 2 (16.67%) homestay which are register in the name of female
person. The data shows that majority of homestay are register in the name of male. All these
data are shown in following figure:
 Figure 4.2.11:
Ownership of Homestay
Female
17%

Male
83%

4.2.12 Tourist Attraction

The factor that are present in Chitlang also play important role for tourism
development. Tourist are attract by different factor that are present in the destination side.
Following table shows the attraction factor for tourist in Chitlang:

Table 4.2.12
Types of Attractions
Attractions No. of Participants Percentage

Physical setting 7 66.67

Natural beauty 12 100

Cultural and religious richness   9 75

Source: Field Survey, 2019
 The above table reveals that 7 (66.67%) of the respondents have said that tourist are
attracted through physical settings, 12 (100%) of the people have said that tourist are
attracted by natural beauties scene and 9(75%) of the people have said that people
are attracted through richness of the study area cultural and religious.

4.3 Status of Homestay in Chitlang

Chitlang, a part of the ancient trading route which linked Kathmandu with the rest of
the country before the construction of Tribhuvan Highway, was out of the radar of most
of the domestic and foreign tourists for long. But the launch of Thankot-Chandragiri cable
car service and upgradation of 12km Thankot-Chandragiri-Chitlang road segment
changed everything. Today, the destination attracts over 1,000 tourists per week.
Currently, around 12 homestay facilities are catering services in Chitlang, which is
famous for trout fish and goat cheese. Each of these facilities can accommodate 15 to 100
tourists. In total, existing homestay facilities in Chitlang can house around 200 tourists.
Most of these homestay facilities are fully booked most of the time, according to Ram
Krishna Basnet, operator of Kaji Homestay (Bista, 2017).
Chitlang is a historic town located to the Southwest of the Kathmandu valley. It is
said to have been in existence since the Lichchhavi era. Demographically, Chitlang is a
multicultural village with Newar, Tamang and Khas communities all residing side by
side. Yet, trademarks of Newar civilization such as temples, Chaityas and stone water
spouts found within the Kathmandu valley are in abundance here, signifying that
historically it had been a Newar town. Before there were any road linking Kathmandu to
the outside world, foot trails via Chitlang was the major way to access the Terai in the
south and to India. In the past, the elites in Kathmandu used to bring their fancy
Volkswagens through this route using porters, who carried those vehicles on their backs.
Presently, Chitlang is gradually transforming itself into an attractive tourist destination. It
has redefined itself as a weekend getaway especially for Kathanduites.
Crisscrossing that ancient route now lies a trekking trail, which starts from Thankot,
to the West of Kathmandu valley. Many use motorbikes and other vehicles to reach
Chitlang from there. However, a few adventurous ones prefer the hiking trail that starts
from the base of the Chandragiri hill. Once you climb atop the hill, you can enjoy the
view with some snacks and drinks at the newly constructed restaurants within the
periphery of Chandragiri funpark. A few also take the cable car to reach the top and hike
down the hill there forth. Rapid construction of RCC buildings and improvement of dirt
 roads gives a hint that Chitlang is urbanizing sooner than expected. However, sparse
population, most of the land being used for farming and people still enjoying their rural
lifestyle makes it an attractive destination for village tourism. Chitlang can also be
reached via Tribhuwan highway, and Kathmandu-Kulekhani-Hetaunda highway. This
three-way accessibility makes Chitlang a favorable destination for night outs to the
population in its vicinity.
Chitlang is surrounded by hills and forests from three sides, making it a valley with an
opening to the South. In the valley, Chitlange grow rice, potato, vegetables and fruits. Not
even a piece of land is seen barren. At this time of the year, Chitlang is full of greeneries
as it is the harvest season. Agriculture and tourism seem to be the mainstay of Chitlang
economy. Chitlang slowly started gaining its name after organic horticulture was started
here in 1986. In 2002, Ashok Singh Thakuri established goat cheese farm and homestay,
which started attracting visitors. As tourists started overflowing in the area, villagers
cashed in on the opportunity and established other homestays as well. They were also
provided with hospitality training by Nepal Tourism Board in 2011. “Due to tourism,
villagers’ income has increased and they are investing more in infrastructures. Local
produces are being bought in the village itself at the price they would sell to whole sellers
in Kathmandu. Now they don’t have to worry about transportation and sale”, says Ashok
Singh Thakuri, stressing the positive impact tourism has brought in the area. The first
resortin Chitlang was theChitlang Organic Village Resort, which started in 2010. Now
there are almost two dozen homestays, resorts and other lodging facilities currently under
operation in Chitlang. All of them offer breakfast, lunch, dinner and night stay facilities
as per the guests’ choice. Advance booking is recommended to those who want to enjoy
the Chitlang hospitality on the weekends.
“Guests come every now and then during the weekdays, but on the weekends I get
extremely busy”, says Madhu Gautam, caretaker at Chitlang Hotspot Cottage. Due to
increase in tourism activities, not only the locals but individuals from outside the area are
also buying lands and investing in hospitality business of Chitlang. Hotspot cottage is one
of them, which was established about seven months ago. Major attractions: Lush green
forests, rural lifestyle, goat cheese, local wine, Sheep farm, Gopali village, fresh fishes,
boating, night stay, campfire.
4.4
 CHAPTER V
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1 Summary
This research work is done on the subject of tourism policy and its indicator analysis,
a study of homestay in Chitlang. Tourism seems potential industries which push for economic
development of country. A tourism industry provides direct and indirect employment
opportunities to the rural as well as urban people. Tourism industries also promote local
industries. Tourism seems second vital sector to earn foreign currency.
The Home stay tourism seems niche tourism activities which are practice by some of the
countries. This type of tourism seems very importance from tourist point of view because
they can enjoy the cultural aspect of local people along with natural beauty. Chitlang is the
historical place but now a day due to its sophisticated home tourism facility it becomes
famous for home stay tourism. Tourism is now days become very essential for the income
generation sources in Chitlang. It significantly contributes the per capita of Chitlang’s people
as well as GDP of country. Chitlang is most facilitated home stay tourist destination for
tourists now a day due to its modern facility provided for homestay tourists. In first chapter
title introduction to research, which include background of study, statement of problem,
objectives for research work, theoretical framework is done to operationalization of concept,
limitation of study and organization of study. In this chapter the problem of study is mention
objectives is set operation of concept is done through building theoretical framework and
limitation of research while doing research work. The second chapter of research includes the
literature review. In the first part of this chapter concept about homestay tourism, their
importance, component etc, are written. In the second part of this chapter empirical review
about history of Chitlang is written.
Third chapter include designing the research methodology and sample selection
methodology. This research is descriptive in nature in nature and selects the sample as per
title of the research design. In Chitlang, 12 homestay is selected as sample of this research
and analysis was done on the basis of this data. In fourth chapter collected data are presented
and analyses with the help of table and figure are used for presentation of data. Statistical
tools are used for analysis of data. Pie chart, tabular presentation and test are used to analysis
the data. In final chapter include summary and conclusion. In summary the summary of all
the research work is describe in short and in conclusion part the conclusion was written from
the analysis of data in chapter four. From the study it is found that 58.33% homestay are
started in 2074 BS, 58.33% homestay earn between Rs. 1501 to Rs. 2500 per day, 66.67% of
the homestay owner are also engaged in agriculture and 25% are engaged in other business
beside homestay, 66.67% of the homestay owner have 4 rooms available for homestay
business, 50% of the homestay owner said that on an average 4 tourist visit for homestay per
day and 25% said the on an average 5 person visit for homestay, 58.33% of homestay owner
does not provide employment opportunities where as 41.67% provide employment
opportunity to other people, 50% homestay used 2 member form family for homestay
business and 41.67% used 3 family member, 66.67% homestay provide hot water bathing and
other provide normal bathing facilities to visitors, 66.67% use mostly local food to serve
homestay tourist and 25% use only local food, All homestay provide egg, vegetable, meat,
mineral water, cold drinks and beer to tourist, 83.33% of homestay think that tourist visit
Chitlang for natural beauty and 75% also believes that cultural and religious richness factor to
visit Chitlang.

5.2 Conclusion
This part of research contains the conclusion of the findings of research. In this part
the summary of different data present of chapter four are present. On the basis of conclusion
different conclusion has been drawn which are explain in following paragraph.
On the basis of study it is conclude that there is generation of income through home stay
programmed in Chitlang. The second conclusion of this research is the average length of stay
of home tourist is very low. It means that home stay tourism plan and policy are not directing
the tourism industry in right direction. The third conclusion from study is the revenue from
home tourism is not sufficient to run the homestay business. Another conclusion of the study
also suggests that the female owner of homestay is also very low. The investment for the
establishment of home stay is also very low. The bathing facilities are also not good for
tourist. The conclusion of this research is that homestay programmed is helping to generating
direct and indirect employment.
5.3 Recommendation
Following are the recommendation from the study:
 To promote homestay inter-district coordination unit is necessary so that they can
easily recommended their guest to visit other districts also Publicity, promotion and
marketing should be done.
 Regular interaction should be organized at central level for homestay operators.
 Transportation Facilities and Easy Accessibility, Proper Accommodations,
Communication and Information, Waste Management, Hygiene Environment
Protection Other Physical Facilities
 Clarity on Rural Tourism, Trekking Tourism, Agro Tourism, Seminar/Workshop
Tourism, Entertainment Tourism, Health Tourism, Education Tourism and
Sports/Adventure Tourism
 Tourism Development Fund should be created so that it can be addressed all
possibilities for tourism development including homestay as well as proper orientation
and Capacity Development of homestay Operators
 Possibly short term training is required for homestay Owners and it should be done by
expert consultants – having excellent exposure in homestay.
 Exposure visit is required for upgrading the business.
 Provision of bank loan in low/suitable interest rate is necessary for upgrading the
business.
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 ANNEX I

Questionnaire

Name of Respondent:

Age of Respondents:

Sex:

Education Level:

 Under SLC
 SLC
 Plus 2
 Above plus 2

Total Number of Room for Tourist:

Total Number of Bed for Tourist:

Yearly Average Stay of Tourists?

a. Nepalese
b. Foreigners

Personals Involvement in Managing Homestay:

 a. Family
b. External Personals from Outsiders

What is the yearly Income from Homestay?

Are you involved in other occupations besides home Stay?

Do you have full time employee in home stay?

Do you use seasonal Employee in home stay Business?

Does there is involvement of family member?

What types of bathing services do you serve?

Hot water Non hot Water Bath

What is the total investment from Homestay tourism?

What are the source of your investment? (Multiple Choice)

 Saving
 Loan
 Family and friends
 Government Support

Does there is support of Local Municipality in Homestay?

What types of food does you usually serve?

  Mostly local
 Local
 Non local
 Mostly non-local

What types of items usually available in your homestay? (multiple choice)

Eggs Vegetable Nepali sag Meat Fresh Fruits

Honey/Jam Mineral water Cold drinks Bear

Dry fruits Milk/dairy products Fruit juice Snickers/Chocolates

What is the owner of the homestay business?

Are you satisfied with home stay business?

 Annex II
   1.Chandragiri Homestay

Chandragiri Homestay
Proprietor :Radha Krishna Basnet

    2.Goat cheese factory

Goat cheese factory

 Proprietor :Ashok Singh Thakuri

  3.Bhimsensthan Homestay

Proprietor: Ramkrishna Balami

    4.Narayanhiti Homestay

Narayanhiti Homestay
proprietor:Mina Shrestha

 5.GurjudharaHomestay

proprietor:BuddhaRatnaManandhar

 6.Chitlang Kaji Homestay

 Chitlang Kaji homesty
propietor:Ram Krishna Basnet

7.Chitrapur Relimai Homestay

Chitrapur Relimai Homestay

Interview with Mr.Radha Krishna Basnet,Head of Chitlang Homestay Community

Centre,Chitlang VDC.
Mr. Radha Krshna Basnet is the head of the Chitlang Homestay Community Centre,that looks
after the homestay running in Chitlang VDC.He is one of the pioneer of Homestay in
Chitlang and has been working since then for the development of tourism in Chitlang through
the homestay.Mr. Basnet has talked with the author of this blog about the various aspects of
homestay and tourism in Chitlang.